天津西青区张家窝中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析

天津西青区张家窝中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Somebirdsfinallyreachhomebyaccidentally________landmarkswhichtheyrecognize.A.tocomeacross

B.comingaround

C.comingacross

D.tocomearound参考答案：C2.Itwillbe

wonderful

world

ifall

nationslive

in

peacewithoneanother．

A．the；不填

B．a；不填

C．the；the

D．a；a参考答案：B3.Sichuanislocated________thewestofChinawhileJapanlies______theeastofChina.

A.to;to

B.in;in

C.in;to

D.to;in参考答案：C略4.----It’sgettingdark.

I’mafraidImustbeoffnow.

----______.A.That’sallright

B.YouareniceC.Whatapity

D.Seeyou参考答案：【答案】5.语音题（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）从A,B,C,D四个选项中找出其划线部分与所给单词划线部分读音相同的选项。(

)16.lorry

A.overcoat

B.lonely

C.block

D.official(

)17.loose

A.series

B.eastern

C.easy

D.rapids(

)18.earth

A.tear

B.wear

C.learn

D.nearly(

)19.prefer

A.teenager

B.suffer

C.reporter

D.concern(

)20.worried

A.concerned

B.added

C.based

D.wanted参考答案：CBCDA6.Thoughheis______orphan,heisleading______happylife.A.an;the B.an;/ C./;a D.an;a参考答案：D7.Myformerclassteacheraskedmetogoandseehimwhenever_________.A.IwillbeconvenientB.itwillbeconvenient C.IamconvenientD.itisconvenient参考答案：D8.________itistojumpintoariverinsummer!

A.Howfun

B.Howfunny C.Whatgreatfun

D.Whatagreatfun参考答案：C9.Notuntilthemaninblacktookoffhisdarkglasses

thathewasthefamousfilmstar.A.didIrealize

B.Irealized

C.wasIrealized

D.Ihaverealized参考答案：A10.Energydrinksarenotallowed_____inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.A.tomake

B.tobemadeC.tohavebeenmade

D.tobemaking

参考答案：B11.Thenumberofpeopleintheparty_____fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;was

B.was;wasC.were;wereD.was;were

参考答案：D12.—WhatdoyouthinkoftheEightRulesofthecentralgovernment?—Effectiveand___________.A.usual B.natural C.normal D.practical参考答案：D13.Theboyaskedhismother_______goouttorelaxhimselfornot.

A.whethercouldhe

B.ifhecould

C.thathecould

D.whetherhecould参考答案：D14.___oneverydaypractice,progressinenglishisagoalwhichcanbeachieved.A

Based

B

Basing

C

having

based

D

Beingbased参考答案：A15.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong_______heisreadyforhisnewjob.A.when

B.after

C.before

D.since参考答案：C16.Youcanhardlyimaginewhatadifficulttimethewomanhad________herchildren.A.broughtupB.bringingupC.tobringup

D.bringup参考答案：B略二、完型填空17.SectionA(15’)Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Wealllaugh.Weallhurt.Weallmakemistakes.Wealldream,that’slife.It’sajourney.Pleasefollowtheserulestomakethejourneyofyourlifeajourneyofjoy!

50

positivethroughthecoldseasoncouldbeyourbest

51

againstgettingill,newstudyfindingssuggest.Inanexperimentthat

52

healthyvolunteerstoacoldorfluvirus,researchersfoundthatpeoplewitha

53

sunnycharacteristicwerelesslikelyto

54

ill.Thefindings,publishedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicine,buildonevidencethata“positiveemotionalstyle”canhelp

55

thecommoncoldandotherillnesses.Researchersbelievethereasonsmaybebothobjectiveasinhappinessincreasingimmune(免疫的)functionandsubjectiveasinhappypeoplebeingless

56

byascratchythroatorrunnynose.“Peoplewithapositiveemotionalstylemayhavedifferentimmune

57

tothevirus,”explainedtheleadstudyauthorDrSheldonCohenofCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.“Andwhentheydogetacold,theymay

58

theirillnessasbeinglesssevere.”Cohenandhiscolleagueshadfoundina

59

studythathappierpeopleseemedlesslikelytocatchacold,butsomequestionsremainedastowhethertheemotionaltendencyitselfhadtheeffect.Forthenewstudy,theresearchershad193healthyadultswithcompletestandardmeasuresofpersonalitytendency,health-consciousnessandemotional“style”.Thosewho

60

behappy,energeticandeasy-goingwerejudgedashavingapositiveemotionalstyle,

61

thosewhowereoftenunhappy,tenseandunfriendlyhadanegativestyle.Theresearchersgavethemdropsthroughtheirnoses

62

eitheracoldvirusoraparticularfluvirus.Overthenextsixdays,the

63

reportedonanyaches,pains,sneezingtheyhad,whiletheresearcherscollected

64

data,likedailymucus(黏液)production.Cohenandhiscolleaguesfoundthatbasedonobjectivemeasuresofnasalwoes(鼻部的不适),happypeoplewerelesslikelytodevelopacold.50.A.LivingB.StayingC.PullingD.Surviving51.A.safeguardB.opportunityC.cautionD.defense52.A.excludedB.exploredC.exposedD.escaped53.A.generallyB.commonlyC.frequentlyD.perfectly54.A.changeB.fallC.turnD.remain55.A.keepB.avoidC.denyD.remove56.A.sufferedB.troubledC.disturbedD.hinted57.A.functionB.abilityC.responseD.action58.A.thinkB.relateC.interpretD.translate59.A.formalB.currentC.previousD.precious60.A.tendedtoB.opposedtoC.usedtoD.stuckto61.A.whileB.howeverC.what’smoreD.therefore62.A.implyingB.matchingC.containingD.occupying63.A.patientsB.adultsC.volunteersD.researchers64.A.objectiveB.impressiveC.positiveD.effective

参考答案：三、阅读理解18.SanFranciscohasdecidedthatitscitygovernmentworkerscan'tusecomputerprogramsthatrecognizefaces.ItisthefirstUScitytotakesuchastrongsteptokeepthistechnologyundercontrol.Whenacomputersystemidentifiesapersonfromtheirfaceinapicture，it'scalled“facialrecognition".Manypolicedepartmentsusefacialrecognition.Itcanbehelpfulwhenpolicejusthaveapictureofasuspect（嫌疑犯）.butnootherinformation.Normally，evenwithfacialrecognition，policemusthaveotherproofshowingthatapersonisguilty.Butmanypeoplesayfacialrecognitionprogramsaren'tgoodenoughyet.Theprogramscanusuallyrecognizewhitemen.Butthey'renotsogoodatidentifyingwomenandpeoplewithdarkerskin.Theyworrythat"falsematches"-whenthecomputerthinksithasidentifiedaperson，butit'swrong-willmakeinnocentpeoplelooklikecriminals.ForcompanieslikeAmazonandMicrosoft，facialrecognitionisabigbusiness.AmazonhasworkedhardtoselltheirfacialrecognitionprogramtopolicedepartmentsaroundtheUS.Microsoftsellstoolsthatallowprisonstowatchpeopleinside.Toworkwell，facialrecognitionprogramsmusthaveagreatnumberofpicturesofpeople.Butmostpeoplewhosepicturesareinthesystemsnevergavepermission（许可）fortheirpicturestobeused.Manypeopleworrythatusingcomputerstoidentifyortrackpeoplewilldecreasefreedom.Now，inmanyplaces，facialrecognitionisusedtokeeppeopleundercontrolandmuchofpubliclifeiswatchedonsecuritycameras.Similarly，manycitiesinAmericaandEuropearealsoalmostcompletelycoveredbysecuritycameras.Policeofficersnowoftenwearcamerasontheirbodies，recordingallthetime.It'susuallynotclearwhengovernmentsareusingfacialrecognitionandhowtheyareusingit.FacialrecognitionisalreadybeingusedatairportsthroughoutEuropeandintheUS.TheDepartmentofHomelandSecurityexpectstohavepicturesof97%ofthepeopleflyingoutofthecountryinthenextfouryears.Asthesepowerfulcomputerprogramsbecomemorecommon,SanFrancisco'smovetocontrolfacialrecognitionisanunusualandstrongmovetolimitthewaygovernmentsusecomputerstowatchandcontrolpeople.12.Whydopeopleworryaboutfacialrecognitionprograms?A.Theycannotmultiplypeople'sresponsibility.B.Theycannothelppoliceidentifygoodpeople.C.Theywillmistakeinnocentpeopleforbadpeople.D.Theywillidentifyblackpeopleinsteadofwhitepeople.13.Howcanfacialrecognitionprogramsfunctioneffectively?A.Companiesshouldworkwitheachother.B.Peopleshouldhavemorepicturestaken.C.Theyshouldincludeasmanypicturesaspossible.D.Policedepartmentsandprisonsshouldbeundercontrol.14.Whatmakespeoplefeeltheirfreedomisonthedecrease?A.Therearepoliceeverywhere.B.Alotofsecuritycamerasareused.C.Morepeopleareforcedtostayathome.D.Governmentsfocusmoreonfacialrecognition.15.What'sSanFrancisco'sattitudetowardsgovernmentworkersusingfacialrecognition?A.Disapproving. B.Supportive.C.Doubtful. D.Optimistic.参考答案：12.C

13.C

14.B

15.A这是一篇说明文。当计算机系统根据照片中的人脸来识别一个人时，它被称为“面部识别”。许多警察部门使用面部识别技术。而旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Theyworrythat"falsematches"-whenthecomputerthinksithasidentifiedaperson,butit'swrong-willmakeinnocentpeoplelooklikecriminals.（他们担心“虚假匹配”——当电脑认为它已经识别出一个人，但这是错误的——会让无辜的人看起来像罪犯。）可知人们担心面部识别程序会把无辜的人误认为坏人。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Toworkwell,facialrecognitionprogramsmusthaveagreatnumberofpicturesofpeople.（为了更好地工作，面部识别程序必须有大量的人的照片。）可知面部识别程序应该包括尽可能多的图片来有效运作。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中Manypeopleworrythatusingcomputerstoidentifyortrackpeoplewilldecreasefreedom.Now,inmanyplaces,facialrecognitionisusedtokeeppeopleundercontrolandmuchofpubliclifeiswatchedonsecuritycameras.Similarly,manycitiesinAmericaandEuropearealsoalmostcompletelycoveredbysecuritycameras.（许多人担心使用计算机来识别或跟踪人会减少自由。现在，在许多地方，面部识别被用来控制人们，很多公共生活被监控在安全摄像头上。同样，美国和欧洲的许多城市也几乎完全被监控摄像头覆盖。）可知大量的安全摄像头的使用让人们感到他们的自由在减少。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段SanFranciscohasdecidedthatitscitygovernmentworkerscan'tusecomputerprogramsthatrecognizefaces.（旧金山决定市政府工作人员不能使用识别人脸的电脑程序。）以及最后一段中SanFrancisco'smovetocontrolfacialrecognitionisanunusualandstrongmovetolimitthewaygovernmentsusecomputerstowatchandcontrolpeople.（旧金山控制面部识别的举措是一个不同寻常的、强有力的举措，旨在限制政府使用计算机监视和控制人们的方式。）可推知旧金山对使用面部识别的政府工作人员持反对态度。故选A。19.Chinaisacountrywithalargenumberofdisabled(残疾的)persons.Almost60millionpeoplehavevision,hearing,speech,limb,intellectualormentaldisabilities.Thereisonedisabledpersoninevery20Chinese,andoneoutofeveryfivehouseholdsonaveragehasadisabledfamilymember.Accordingtonationwidesurveysofthedisabledchildrenunder14accountfor16percentofthetotaldisabledpopulation,andtheydisplaythegreatestneedforrehabilitativetrainingastheydisplaythehighestrecoveryratesafterearlytreatment.Thosedisabledbetweentheagesof15and59accountfor44percent,butoftentheirdisabilitiesarenotveryserious.Althoughtheyaremoreorlessabletowork,theyrequirevocationaltraining,culturaleducationandspecialemployment.Thedisabledover60yearsofageaccountfor40percent.Manyofthembecomedisabledduetoillnessorlossofvariousfunctions.Somelivealonewithoutanyincome,andthereforetheirinsurance,rehabilitation,andmedicalneedshavebecomeasocialissue.Theilliterateandsemi-illiterate(半文盲)sufferfr