2023届上海市崇明区高三英语质量抽查试卷及答案

高三英语质量抽查试卷一、用单词的适当形式完成短文1.Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PhotographersTurnTheirCamerasonPetsIn2021photographersKendrickBrinsonandDavidWalterBanksvisited14countriesonassignment.Whenthecoupledescribedtheadventures________theyhadexperiencedwhenphotographing,peopleinvariablyasked,"Butwhotakescareofyourfourcatsanddogs?"Theyjokedthatthepetsitermadealotofmoney.But2021couldn'thavebeen________(different).DuetoCOVID-19,BrinsonandBanksneverlefttheUnitedStates.Often,theydidn'tevenleavetheirLosAngelesneighborhood.________

________spendinglonghoursinairportsecuritylinesandwaiting-fortheperfectlighting,thepairstayedalongwithdogsTuxandTiaandcatsRexandKudzu."Ourpetsbecameemotionaltherapyanimals,andouronlyfriendswecouldsafelyhuginaworld________(strike)byadeadlypandemic,"Bankssaid.AsCOVID-19lockdownssweptacrosstheworldinMarchof2021,thechangemadeanespeciallygreatimpactonphotographers,whoareaccustomedto________(spend)longperiodsabroad.Andsomanycameras________(turn)onadomesticsubject:thepet.Researchsuggeststhatpetshaveofferedemotionalsupportduringthepandemic,helping________(make)thelongdaysofisolationmorebearable,saysEmilyMeCobb,aclinicalassociateprofessoratCummingsSchoolofVeterinaryMedicineatTuftsUniversity.Infact,thepandemichasspedupatrend,accordingtoMcCobb'sandotherscientists'observation,________

thepetisbecomingamemberofthefamily."Inthepast20to30years,theroleofthepetinthefamily________(take)onawholenewrole,"saysMeCobb."Itreallyhasn'tbeenthatlong________thesefurrychildsubstitutesgainedthiskindofimportanceinAmericansociety."二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文2.Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethan.A.vacant

B.raised

C.acknowledges

D.quoted

E.alerts

F.colonialG.housed

H.former

I.recommendations

J.requests

K.reviewsMuseumsRethinkWhattoDowithTheirAfricanArtCollectionsRecently,adiscussionishappeninginmuseumsaroundtheworldoverthevolumeofAfricanartintheircollections.OfficialsinGermanyandtheNetherlandshaveannouncedplanstoreturnartandartifacts(文物)takenfromAfricaduringthe________period.AndmoremuseumstaffaremeetingonthetopicacrossEurope.Accordingtothemostcommonly________figuresfromUNESCO〔UnitedNationsEducational,ScientifieandCulturalOrganization〕,90%to95%ofsub-Saharanculturalartifactsare________outsideAfrica.ManyweretakenbyforcelongagoandendedupinmuseumsacrossEuropeandNorthAmerica.AttheAfricaMuseuminBelgium,directorGuidoGryseelssays85percentofthe-museum'scollectioncomesfromtheCongo-thesiteofBelgium's________colonyinCentralAfrica.Fordecades,Congoleseleadershaveaskedfortheseobjectstobereturned.Mostoftheir________,andthosebyAfricancountriestoothermuseums,havebeenrefused.ButrecenteventsinEuropehave________thepossibilityofreturnsatamuchlargerscale.InadditiontotheplansannouncedinGermany,lastyearFranceconductedastudyofhowmuchAfricanartFrenchmuseumsareholdingandmade________aboutwhattodowithit.Thestudyrecommendedthereturnofawiderangeofobjectstakenbyforce.Thesuggestiongotmixed________inFrance,wherethereareatleast90000Africanitemsinmuseums.InFrance,somepeoplehavesuggestedreturnscouldleaveshelves________inFrenchmuseums.CecileFromont,aFrenchhistorianofCentralAfricanart,saysthat'snotgoingtohappen.Onewayofthinkingaboutit,shesays,isthatmoreAfricanartcangoondisplay.However,GuidoGryseelsoftheAfricaMuseuminBelgium________thatattitudesarechanging.Hesayshe'sindiscussionwiththeCongotoreturnworks.三、完形填空3.完形填空Around13000yearsagoNorthAmericahadawidervarietyofmammals(哺乳动物)thanmodemAfrica.Thereweremultiplehorsespecies，camelsandsomenow-extinctanimals.Andsuch1creatureswerenotjustfoundinNorthAmerica.Oneverycontinentmammalsonaveragewerealotlargerfromaround2.5millionuntilabout11700yearsago.Scientistshavelongdebatedwhatcausedalltheselargecreaturestogoextinctwhilemanyofthesmallerones2.AteamofresearchersledbybiologistFelisaSmithanalyzedevidencefrommillionsofyears'worthofmammalianextinctionsandfoundthatoneachcontinentlargemammalsstartedto3Groundthesametimehumansfirstshowedup.Iftheextinctiontrendcontinues,manymorelargemammalswillsoondisappearaswell,astheprimarythreatsfromhumanshave4fromoverhuntingtoindirectprocessessuchashabitatloss.IntheirnewstudySmithandherteamanalyzedadatabaseofalllandmammalsthatlivedfrom65millionyearsagountiltoday."Wefound5noeffectofclimateonmammalianextinctionover65millionyears,"shesays.Butstartingaround125000yearsagoandcontinuinguntiltoday,largemammalshavebeenmorelikelytogoextinctthansmallerones,theresearchersfound.Theaverage6ofsurvivingmammalshasdecreasedasaresult.Andthoselarge-mammalextinctionsaretightlycoupledwiththe7ofhumans.Formostofmammalian8history,ananimal'ssizewasnotpredictiveofitsextinctionrisk.That9onlyappearedoncehumansbegantolivealongsidelargemammals.Thisfindingdoesnotmeanclimate-relatedchangescouldnothave10somewildlifepopulations,enablinghumanstomoreeasilybringabouttheireventualdownfall.11,itsuggeststhegreaterlikelihoodoflargemammalsgoingextinctistiedtohumanactivities.Theanimalsthatevolvedwithouttheriskofhuntingfromhumansweresuddenlyfacedwithanew12.Theysimplycouldnot13fastenoughtosurvivetheinvasionofhumans.Smithsaysthelessontobelearnedfromthenewfindingsisthatourancestorspreparedustobeextremelyskillfulkillers."What's14now,"shesays,"isthatsomeofusarecomfortableenough,haveahighenoughstandardofliving,thatwecanstartthinkingaboutouruseoftheEarth,"Ratherthansimplybehavingas15,manyofusarenowinapositiontobecomeenvironmentalprotectors.1.A.smartB.massiveC.marineD.ancient2.A.survivedB.shrankC.escapedD.returned3.A.hideawayB.makeoffC.breakupD.dieout4.A.fadedB.restoredC.improvedD.expanded5.A.absolutelyB.predictablyC.exclusivelyD.potentially6.A.weightB.speedC.sizeD.appetite7.A.productionB.appearanceC.explorationD.cruelty8.A.recordedB.contemporaryC.evolutionaryD.ancient9.A.linkB.contactC.adaptationD.distinction10.A.enlargedB.stressedC.impressedD.dominated11.A.MoreoverB.OtherwiseC.MeanwhileD.Rather12.A.speciesB.hopeC.ruleD.threat13.A.growB.digestC.withdrawD.adapt14.A.instructiveB.fashionableC.differentD.marvelous15.A.sponsorsB.creatorsC.consumersD.designers四、阅读选择4.阅读理解AstheCOVID-19pandemichithard,fishermenwatchedtheirmarketsdryup.Restaurants-normallymajorfishbuyers-closedorcutbackorderssignificantly.Fishermenweren'tsureiftheyweregoingtogetpaidforwhattheyfished.Meanwhileaspeoplelostjobs,foodbanksstartedtoseeagreatdemandforservices.Thingsweregettingdesperate,withlonglinesforfoodassistanceinmanystates.Outofthesedualcrises,anewideawasborn.Foodassistanceprogramsacrossthecountryhavestartedconnectingwithlocalfishermentostockuponlocalseafood,manyforthefirsttime.Andthearrangementseemstobehelpingthefishermen,theeconomyandthoseinneedofhealthyfood.AccordingtoCatherineD'Amato,CEOoftheGreaterBostonFoodBank,thenetworkusuallykeepsfourorfiveweeksoffoodonhandincaseofemergencies.Thepandemichit,and"wefoundourselvesbelowoneweekofstockandgoingdownrapidly,"shesays.That'sbecausethefoodbanknormallydistributesaboutImillionpoundsoffoodaweek,andthatbecame2.5millionpoundsoffoodaweek,D'Amatosays.WhileCongressandthestateshaveincreasedfundinganddonationsforfoodbanksduringthepandemic,ithasn'tbeenenough."Formanyyears,wehavebeenwantingtobeabletoworkwithorganizationsinthefishingindustry,"D'Amatosays.Butit'scomplicated.Fishermencatchalotofbigfish,andfoodbankswhomighttakeitneedtheproductstobecutsmallandeasytouseforcustomers.Italsohastobefishtheyknowandrecognize.Thebarriershavebeentoohighinmanyplacestomakeitwork.Butthisspring,thestatedepartmentofagricultureconnectedthefoodbankwithsomegrantmakers.TheytalkedtosomelocalfishermenaboutdevelopingatraditionalNewEnglandfishsoup.Thegrantspaidfishermenfortheircatchandprovidedmoneyforalocalmanufacturertoprocess,freezeanddeliverthesouptofoodbanksinfamily-sizeservings.Thesoupishelpingtofeedfamiliesandkeepfishermenfishing.Thefishermenhopetosellitinstoressoon,andDamatohopestopurchasemoresoupandexpandintonewseafoodproductsforhercustomers.〔1〕Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thefoodshortageduringtheCOVID-19pandemic

B.thecooperationbetweenfishermenandfoodbanks

C.thedramaticimpactthepandemichadonfishermen

D.thenewseafoodproductmanufacturedforfoodbanks〔2〕Whatdo"dualcrises"inparagraph3referto?A.Fishermen'sdifficultyinstoringseafoodandthedeclineoftheeconomy.

B.Fishermen'sdifficultyinsellingfishandfoodbanks'needformorefood.

C.Theclosureofrestaurantsandfoodbanks'greatdemandforfoodassistance.

D.Manypeople'sunemploymentandmanystates'badservicesinfoodindustry.〔3〕Accordingtoparagraph5,CatherineD'Amatothinksthat________.A.fishermenshouldstarttoprocessfish

B.manyfishesareunknowntocustomers

C.there'sagapbetweensupplyandneed

D.thefishingorganizationsaretooindependent〔4〕Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthefishsoup

A.increasesfishermen'sproductivity

B.iscommonlyconsumedbylocalfishermen

C.makesfoodbanksrethinktheirproducts

D.isproducedbyfoodbanksinatraditionalway5.阅读理解HealthTopicsCountriesNewsroomEmergenciesDataAboutUsWhoweneedWearelookingfortalentedandpassionatepeopletoworkforhealth.WHOiscommittedtoachievingworkforcevariety,aimingtoachieveabroadrepresentationofnationalsofourmembercountries.Particularattentionispaidtocandidatesfromdevelopingcountriesandgenderbalance.Selectionofstaffismadeonacompetitivebasis.AllpostsarefilledinaccordancewithWHOsabilitymodel.TherearetwokeycategoriesofstaffatWHO:professionals(P)ordirectors(D)whoareinternationallyrecruited(招募)andgeneral(G)ornationalprofessional(NPO)staffwhoarerecruitedlocallyforbothfixedorshort-termpositions.Wealsoruninternship(实习)andopportunitiesforjuniorprofessionalofficers(JPOs).Internationallyrecruited(PorD)Professionalstaffanddirectorsarehiredinternationallyandoccupyleadershipfunctionsorpositionsthatrequireasignificantleveloftechnicalexpertise.PorDstaffaremobileandareexpectedtoworkacrosstheglobe.Locallyrecruited(GorNPO)GeneralServicestaffarehiredlocallyattherespectivedutystation.Theirmainroleistoworkwithandsupportinternationallyrecruitedstaffintheirrolesandtoassurethesmoothfunctioningofalladministrativematters.NationalProfessionalOfficersarenationalsofthecountryinwhichtheyserveandperformfunctionsofaprofessionalnaturerequiringlocalknowledge,professionalknowledgeandexperience.InternshipsWeofferinternshipsforcurrentstudentswitheducationalbackgroundinpublichealth,managementoradministrationfields.JuniorprofessionalofficerprogrammeTheJuniorProfessionalOfficer(JPO)Programmeprovidesyoungprofessionalsatanearlystageintheircareerwithpracticalexperienceininternationaltechnicalco-operation.JPOsaresponsoredbytheirrespectivegovernments.RecruitmentrestrictionsPleasenotethefollowingrestrictionsonrecruitment：RelativesofWHOStaff:Exceptwhereanotherequallywellqualifiedpersoncannotberecruited,appointmentshallnotbegrantedtoapersonwhobearsanyofthefollowingrelationshipstoastaffmember:father,mother,son,daughter,brotherorsister.Candidatesundertheageof20andabovetheageof62willnotbeconsideredforanyvacancy.PolicyonNon-RecruitmentofSmokers:WHOhasasmoke-freeenvironmentanddoesnotrecruitsmokersorothertobaccouserswhodonotindicateawillingnesstostopsmoking.ThispolicyunderscorestheOrganization'scommitmenttopromotingatobacco-freeenvironment.〔1〕Theabovewebpageaimsat________.A.recruitingvolunteersforWHO

B.achievingabroadrepresentationofnationals

C.explainingthefunctionsofWHO

D.providinginformationaboutWHOpositions〔2〕Whatkindofapplicantswilldefinitelybeturneddownaccordingtotherestrictions?A.Malesintheirlater60s.

B.Peoplewhohavehealthproblems.

C.ChildrenofWHOstaff.

D.Candidateswithasmokinghistory.〔3〕Whatcanbelearnedfromthewebpage?A.GeneralServicestaffarerecruitedallaroundtheworld.

B.JuniorProfessionalOfficersworkforlocalgovernments.

C.Currentstudentsmajoringinengineeringcanapplyforinternships.

D.Professionalsanddirectorsareaninternationallymobileworkforce.6.阅读理解Aseismic(地震的；重大的)shiftinclimatesciencemightbeheatingup.Newresearchshowsthatsoundwaves,producedbyearthquakescanbeusedtomeasuretemperaturesintheoceanwhichtraps90%oftheheatEarthabsorbsfromthesun，makinglong-termchangesinoceanwarmth,amajorfactorinhowtheworldmightrespondtoglobalwarming.ForyearsthemainapproachofmeasuringoceantemperaturehasbeenArgo,anarray(阵列)of4000automaticfloats,whichdriftstheglobe,samplingoceanwaterandmeasuringitstemperature.YetArgomeasurementsstopat2000meters.Thenewtechniquecalled"SeismicOceanThermometry",wouldbeespeciallyusefulindetectinglong-termchangesinoceantemperaturesdeeperthanArgo'sreach."OceanAcousticTomography",thebasisforthecurrentresearch,wasfirsttestednearly30yearsago.Theinitialstudiescreatedsoundwavesartificially,basicallyincreasingthevolumeongiantunderwaterspeakers.Scientistsmeasuredthesound'straveltimefromthespeakerstoreceiversthousandsofkilometersaway.Becauseoceantemperaturesaffectthespeedofthewaves,theresearcherscouldcalculateaveragetemperaturesalongtheirpaths.Butsomebelievedthenoisewasathreattooceanlifeandthetechniquenevertookoff.Thenewstudyinsteadusesanaturalsoundsourceforinvestigation:earthquakesmakingalow,continuousnoisebeneaththeseaflooroffthecoastofSumatrathatdrumupsoundwavesintheocean.OntheshoresoftheChagosIslandsintheEastIndianOcean,between2005and2021SeismicStationDiegoGarciarecordedseismicwavesproducedbythoseearthquakes.Someofthosewavescreatedphysicalchangesinlandandseaastheytraveled.OthersweresoundwavesorTwavesthatmovedthroughthedeepocean,deliveringvaluabledataaboutoceantemperature.12yearsofdatacoupledwithmathematicalmodelspointedtoatemperaturechangeofroughly0.044degreesperdecade,atrendlargerthanthosepredictedbyArgo.ThefindingssuggestthatSeismicOceanThermometryisafeasiblemethodtomeasurechangesinoceantemperature.Furtherdatafromotherregionsoftheglobeandothertimeframeswouldhelpimprovethewarningmodelsandpredictions.Andinfuturestudiestheresearchersplantolistendirectlyforsoundwaves,usinganetworkofhydrophones,microphoneswhichdetectsoundwavesunderwater.Soundwavessetthetoneforadeepdiveintoourwarmingoceanseveniftheyfailtoreach60000milesunderthesea?〔1〕WhatdisadvantagedoesArgohave?A.Itsreachislimited.

B.Ittakeslongtocollectsamples.

C.Itdoesn'tworkglobally.

D.Itspredictionisn'treliableatall.〔2〕ItcanbelearnedthatOceanAcousticTomography________.A.wastestedmanytimesbutneversucceeded

B.remainedunpopularforfearofpotentialharm

C.wasassumedtobetoocomplicatedtobecontrollable

D.measuredoceantemperaturejustasthenewresearchdoes〔3〕Itcanbeinferredfromthenewfindingsthat________.A.somewarmingisworkingitswaydeeperintotheocean

B.oceantemperatureisrisingfasterowingtoearthquakes

C.soundtravelsfasterincolderwaterthaninhotterwater

D.soundwaveswillslowdownthewarmingoftheocean〔4〕Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SoundWavesFirstAppliedtoClimateScience.

B.NewFactorsFoundtoBeHeatinguptheOcean.

C.ANaturalApproachHoldingBackGlobalWarming.

D.Ocean'sHiddenHeatMeasuredwithEarthquakeSounds.五、任务型阅读7.任务型阅读KitePowerThesearchfornew,cleanenergysourceshasoccupiedtheattentionofscientistsandpoliticiansforyears.Onecommonresourceforgreenenergyisthewind.Anewtwistonthisoldresourcecouldcausetheenergyoutputofwind-powerplantstorisedramatically.Theplantalsorequiresrelativelylittlespace,whichmakesitidealforcitiesandmeansthatmultipleplantscanbesetuptoprovideevenmoreenergy.________Inthefuture,itmaybeanefficient,cost-effectiveadditiontotheothersourcesofenergyweuse,orevenareplacementforsomeofthem.A.Butthechallengeisfiguringouthowtocollecttheenergyfromthosewinds.B.Kitepowerhasthepotentialtogreatlyimproveoncurrentwind-powerstrategies.C.Windatthesealtitudes(海拔高度)isstrongerandsteadier0whichincreasesproductivityfactorsofthesystemtoabout60%.D.Itsplanistobuildakitepowerstationusingtechnologythatcancollectivelygenerate(产生)largeamountsofenergy.E.Nevertheless,theysuccessfullydemonstratedthattheirkitescouldoperateautomaticallyatanaltitudeofupto700meters.F.Aftertheinitialcostofdesigningandsettinguptheplant,littleadditionalinvestmentwillbenecessary,apartfromstandardmaintenance.六、概要写作8.Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.RoboticExoskeletonsThankstoroboticexoskeletons,victimsofspinalcord(脊髓)injuryhaveanewreasontohope.Roboticexoskeletons,consistingofmetallegs,motors,batteries,wiring,acontrollerandasetofstripsworktogetherliketheuser'sbones,musclesandnerves-outsidethebody.Fastenedintoanexoskeletonandsupportedbysticks,userscandirectthemachinerytotakethemwheretheywanttogo.Inadditiontopartlyrestoringmobility,roboticexoskeletonsofferthesignificantmentalandphysicalhealthbenefitsofstandingupandmoving.Justbeingabletogetupfromawheelchairgivespatientsamorenatural,positiveviewoftheworld.Italsohelpsrelievepressureonpatients'skinandreducesthedangerofpressuresores.Standinguprightstrengthensadisabledperson'smusclesandbones,improveshearthealth，andreducescertainotherhealthcomplications(并发症).Anditmayactuallyresultinpartialnerverepair,somethingthatcanonlyhappenwhenapatientisabletomove.Aspromisingasthistechnologyis,however,itisnosimplecure-allforparalysis(瘫痪)oritscomplications.Themotionisnotaccuratecomparedwithnaturalwalking,andexoskeletonsarenoteasytouse,especiallyonsurfacesthatarenotsmooth.Theyareveryexpensive,costingaboutUS$100000.Healthinsuranceplansandgovernmentprogramsmaynotcoverthecostofbuyingone.Nevertheless,roboticexoskeletons,andaccesstothem,willcontinuetoimprove.Aswithmuchmodemtechnology,roboticexoskeletonswilllikelybecomemorecapableandeasytouse,evenastheircostgoesdown.Governmentsandinsurersmayincreasinglyseethatthehealthbenefitsofthesewalkingmachinesoutweighthecosts,makingiteasiertofundthem.Perhapsthedaywillcomewhennearlyeveryoneparalyzedbyspinalcordinjurywillbeableto"walk"again.七、汉译英〔整句〕9.她为了纪念已故母亲拍了这部电影，却不料大受欢送。〔memory〕(汉译英〕10.这位老人尽管生活条件一般，却似乎很满足于退休后自由自在的生活。〔content〕(汉译英〕11.这位刚毕业的年轻老师特别热爱这份工作，不断地追求卓越，所以同事们都寄予他厚望。〔pursue〕(汉译英〕12.只有提前了解所申请学校的要求，且充分做准备，你才有可能在面试中脱颖而出。〔Only〕(汉译英〕八、提纲类作文13.Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.中华中学为了建设书香校园，方案在教学楼道内设计一些“读书角〞。为此，学校向广阔师生征求意见。假设你是该校学生王宏，给负责的张老师写一封电子邮件，提出你的建议与理由。你的邮件应包括：对“读书角〞的内容、布置、管理等的建议。说明这些建议的理由。注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。

答案解析局部一、用单词的适当形式完成短文1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究说明，在流感大流行期间，宠物提供了情感上的支持，帮助人们忍受长时间的孤独。所以许多摄像机都对准了一个家庭主题：宠物，它们正在成为家庭的一员，这一流行趋势正在加速。

【点评】考查语法填空，此题考点涉及定语从句，形容词，副词，介词，非谓语动词，时态语态，同位语从句以及状语从句等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了各国归还非洲工艺品和文物的现状。

【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。三、完形填空3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大型哺乳动物灭绝和人类活动密切相关，呼吁人们要保护地球，保护野生动物。

【点评】考查完型填空，此题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。四、阅读选择4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了渔民与食物银行的合作以解决新冠肺炎流行造成的供需双重危机。【点评】此题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜想和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是世界卫生组织的招聘信息，对招聘的几个职位进行了说明。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一那么招聘信息，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过一项新的研究介绍了地震产生的声波可以用来测量海洋的温度。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。五、任务型阅读7.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项利用风筝收集高空风能的研究实验以及对未来的意义。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的根底上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。六、概要写作8.【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。写作步骤：

1〕细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了机器人外部骨骼是一种在体外运作的机械，给瘫痪的患者带来了重新站起来或走路的希望，它使患者在身心两方面都能受益很多。但是目前由于缺乏精确的操控而难以使用，并且本钱高昂。不过随着科学技术的开展，这种情况正在不断得到改善。

2〕弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一局部的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。

3〕列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此根底上选出与文章主题密切相关的局部。

4〕在写作时要特别注意下面几点：

〔1〕概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

〔2〕安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

〔3〕注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯穿全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

〔4〕不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

〔5〕计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。

【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动饱满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，表达了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Roboticexoskeletons,akindofmachinerythatworksoutsidethebody,giveparalyzedpatientsnewhopetostandorwalkagain.运用了同位语，限制性定语从句；Butcurrently,they'rehardtouseforlackofaccuratemotionanddifficulttoaccessforhighcosts.运用了固定句式。七、汉译英〔整句〕9.【解析】【分析】根据句意，应用一般过去时谓语动词用过去式。表示“她拍了这部电影〞，为shemadethefilm；表示“为了纪念已故母亲〞用介词短语inmemoryofherlatemother；表示“不料大受欢送〞为itwasnotexpectedtobepopu