分类考试英语阅读理解解题技巧

对口高考英语阅读理解

解题策略太湖职业技术学校郑仁志Passage2

Afewyearsago,myhusbandandIwereonanislandforalongweekendwithour3and4-year-olddaughters.Aswewentbackandforthaboutwhattodonext,ourgirlsjumpedinandtoldusexactlywhattheywantedtodo.“Wewanttogotothebutterflymuseum,”saidArielaandEliana.（2016年对口高考试题）Assoonaswewalkedintothemainareaofthemuseum,wesawthousandsofbeautifulbutterflies,allflappingtheircolorfulwings.Mygirlswerejumpingupanddown,andIknewwehadmadetherightdecisiontocometothemuseum.Theywerehavingsomuchfun.IturnedtoourmuseumtourguidebecauseIwascurious,andasked:“Howlongdobutterflieslive?”

Shesaid:“Abouttendays.”“Whatcanbutterfliesdointendays?”Iasked.Theguidestopped,lookedatme,andsaid:“Theymaketheworldamorebeautifulplace.”Afterwesaidgoodbye,Icouldn’tstopthinkingaboutwhattheguidehadsaid.Shewasright.Weallhavesomethingtooffertheworldwiththetimewehave.Whenwefocusourgiftsontakingcareofeachothereveryday,wecanmakeadifference.31.Wheredidthefamilyspendtheirlongweekendafewyearsago?A.Inthebutterflymuseum.B.Onanisland.C.Athome.D.Inthemainareaofthemuseum.32.Howmanypeoplearethereinthefamily?A.Therearetwopeopleinthefamily. B.Therearethreepeopleinthefamily.C.Therearefourpeopleinthefamily. D.Therearefivepeopleinthefamily.33.Afterwalkingintothemainareaofthemuseum,whatdidthemotherknow?A.Sheknewthattherearethousandsofbeautifulbutterflies.B.Sheknewthatthousandsofbeautifulbutterfliesareflappingtheircolorfulwings.C.Sherealizedthattheyhadtakenacorrectdecision.D.Sherealizedthattheyshouldnotcometothemuseum.34.Howlongdobutterflieslive,accordingtothetourguide?A.Morethantendays. B.Nomorethantendays.C.Notmorethantendays. D.Aroundtendays.35.Whatdidthewriterlearnformbutterflies?A.Weallhavesomethingtooffertheworldwiththetimewehave.B.Butterfliescanonlyliveabouttendays.C.Thedaughterswerehavingsomuchfuntowatchthebutterflies.D.Theymaketheworldamorebeautifulplace.大纲及考纲解读

《中等职业学校英语教学大纲》：能理解文章的一般结构；能理解作者的意图、观点和态度；能根据需要从网络或其他渠道查找信息。2016年《考试纲要》：测试考生阅读理解书面英语的能力。提供5篇短文（1300-1500个词），阅读材料全部来自课外，生词量不超过3%，并且5篇短文，第1篇要求考生根据短文内容判断正误；其余4篇要求考生根据短文内容选出最佳选项。

5篇短文体裁、题材均有所不同（如：故事、新闻、说明文、应用文、广告、图表等），内容均与学生学习、生活及职场有关。阅读理解能力要求解读

据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义

能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系能预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息不借助词典能读懂含有3%左右生词的语言材料。能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取信息能力要求

预测能力快速阅读能力整体理解能力快速准确获取关键信息能力把握全文主旨能力题型特点

直观性问题常识性问题理解性问题推理性问题

解题步骤

一、先读问题，弄清考查要点二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌

三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词

四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案

题例：2016年对口高考题Couldsomeonebeswallowedbyawhaleandlive?In1891,ayoungEnglishsailornamedJamesBartleywas,andhedid.BartleywasacrewmemberonthewhalingshipStaroftheEast.Ashisboatclosedinonawhale,theanimalsuddenlyhittheboatwithitstail.Thewhale’sblowliftedtheboatintotheairandturneditover.Sailorsinanotherboatcapturedthewhale,andtheoverturnedboatwasturnedupright,butBartleywasmissing.Thenextmorning,assailorswerecuttingupthedeadwhale,theynoticedamovementinitsstomach.Whenitwasopened,Bartleywasfoundinsideit!Hewasunconscious(昏迷的),andhisface,neck,andhandshadbeenmadewhitebythewhale’sstomachjuices.Otherthanthat,heseemedunhurt.Later,whenBartleyrecovered,hedescribedhisexperience.Hehadbeenawareofbeinginthewater.Thenhewasindarkness,slidingalongaslimypassageway.Theheatwassogreatthatitmadehimpassout.Whenhewoke,hewasbackonboardtheship!41. Theunderlinedword“captured”inthesecondparagraphmeans“______”.

A.caughtholdof B.turnedupsidedown

C.brokeintopieces D.sankintothesea42. Bartleybecameunconsciousbecause______.

A.hewasmissing

B.hewasinthewhale’sstomach

C.hehadbeenmadewhitebythewhale’sstomachjuices

D.sailorswerecuttingupthedeadwhale43. Havingbeenswallowedbythewhale,Bartleywas______.

A.seriouslyhurt B.slightlyhurt

C.stillalive D.definitelydead44.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat_______. A.thewhalewascaughtbysailorsonBartley’sship

B.thewhalewaskilledbyBartleyC.thewhaleescapedfromthesailors

D.thewhalewascaughtbysailorsinanotherboat45.Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe_______.A.AWhalingShipinthe1800s

B.ASailor’sWhalingDreamC.

IntheStomachoftheWhale

D.AYoungEnglishSailor主要题型

理解主旨大意（Tofindoutthemainidea)细节理解和细节判断(Tolookfordetails)猜测词义(Toguessthemeaning)

推理判断题（Toinferaconclusion)

理解主旨大意解题技巧：1．抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨2．抓住段落大意，概括中心思想3．抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心主旨题常见的命题形式：(1)What’sthemainideaofthepassage?(2)Thispassageismainlyabout…….(3)Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistextis…….(4)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?(5)What’sthetopicofthetext?典例：（2016年对口高考试题）45. Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe_______. A.AWhalingShipinthe1800s

B.ASailor’sWhalingDreamC.

IntheStomachoftheWhale

D.AYoungEnglishSailor细节理解和细节判断常考题型：1、是非题2、例证题3、年代与数字

4、比较5、原因6、事实排序题

7、直接信息题8、间接信息题9、综合信息题细节理解和细节判断解题技巧：(1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。细节理解和细节判断细节题常见的命题形式：Whichofthefollowing

isTrue/NotTrue?Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned?Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrueexcept…Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.用Where,how,who,why,howlong等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。典例：（2016年对口高考试题）42. Bartleybecameunconsciousbecause______.

A.hewasmissing

B.hewasinthewhale’sstomach

C.hehadbeenmadewhitebythewhale’sstomachjuices

D.sailorswerecuttingupthedeadwhale猜测词义题

解题技巧：

1、通过因果关系猜测词义；2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；

3、通过构词法猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；5、通过描述猜测词义；6、用知识和生活经验猜测词义；7、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。

猜测词义题常见命题形式如下：1）Theword“…”inthepassageprobablymeans_________.2）Whatdoestheword“…”mean______.3）Theunderlined(划线的)wordmeans_________4）Theclosemeaningoftheunderlinedword“…”is___inEnglish.5）Theword“…”refersto________典例：（2016年对口高考试题）41.Theunderlinedword“captured”inthesecondparagraphmeans“______”.A.caughtholdof B.turnedupsidedownC.brokeintopieces D.sankintothesea推理判断题

解题技巧：

与原文相同的细节不能选文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断

推理判断题1、推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______Thewritersuggestthat_______Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_______Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat_______Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat_______推理判断题2、推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命题方式如下：Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis……Inthewriter’sopinion,agoodschoolshould……Whatshouldbetherightattitudetowards“…”?Thewriter’sattitudetoward“…”is……典例：（2016年对口高考试题）44.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat_______.

A.thewhalewascaughtbysailorsonBartley’sship

B.thewhalewaskilledbyBartley

C.thewhaleescapedfromthesailors

D.thewhalewascaughtbysailorsinanotherboat例文：(2016年对口高考题）

Teachingissupposedtobeaprofessionalactivityrequiringlongandcomplicatedtrainingaswellasofficialcertification.Theactofteachingislookeduponasaflowofknowledgefromahighersourcetoanemptycontainer.Thestudent’sroleisoneofreceivinginformation;theteacher’sroleisoneofsendingit.However,teachingneednotbetheactivityofaspecialgroupofpeoplenorneeditbelookeduponasateachingskill.Teachingcanbemorelikeguidingandassistingthanforcinginformationintoasupposedlyemptyhead…

49.Inthewriter’sopinion,ateachershouldbemorelike________.A.aguideandhelper B.aninformationsenderC.ahelper D.aguidePractice(Homework)Morethan2.25billioncupsofcoffeeareconsumedacrosstheworldeachday,andit’slikelythatmanytastebitter.Now,anewstudysuggeststhatcoffeefanscanmaketheirdrinktastesweeterbysimplyexchangingthecoloroftheircups.Scientistsclaimthatblueandglasscups,whicharepopularinsomecoffeeshops,reduceacoffee’sbitterness,withoutanyneedforsugar.ResearchersfromFederationUniversityAustraliaandtheUniversityofOxfordsetouttoprovethatcoffeedrunkfromawhitecupstastesbitter.Intheend,thescientistsbelievethatthecolorbrownmaybeassociatedwithbitternesssothatcoffeeinawhitecupappearsthebrownest.‘Theeffectofthecolorofthecupontheflavorofthecoffeereportedheresuggeststhatcaf