备考2023高考英语ChinaDaily《中国日报》双语精读24节气之13立秋

July12,202224SolarTerms:9thingsyoumaynotknowaboutStartofAutumn24节气:关于立秋你可能不知道的9件事ThetraditionalChinesesolar

calendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.StartofAutumn,(Chinese:立秋),the13thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonAug7andendsonAug21.中国传统阳历将一年分为24个节气。立秋，(中文:立秋)，今年的第13个节气，从8月7日开始，到8月21日结束。StartofAutumnreflectstheendofsummerandthebeginningofautumn.Thefruitfulseasonisapproaching.立秋反映了夏末秋初。硕果累累的季节即将来临。InChina,the24solartermswerecreatedthousandsofyearsagotoguideagriculturalproduction.Butsolartermcultureisstillusefultodaytoguidepeople'slivesthroughspecialfoods,culturalceremoniesandevenhealthylivingtipsthatcorrespondwitheachterm.在中国，二十四节气是几千年前创造的，用来指导农业生产。但是节气文化在今天仍然有用，通过特殊的食物、文化仪式甚至与每个节气对应的健康生活小贴士来指导人们的生活。Thefollowingare9thingsyoushouldknowaboutStartofAutumn.以下是你应该知道的关于立秋的9件事。'AutumnTiger'秋老虎AlthoughStartofAutumnindicatesthebeginningofautumn,hotweatherwillnotcometoanend.TheperiodofhotdaysafterStartofAutumn,usuallylastingfor30days,iscalled"AutumnTiger"or"IndianSummer."Becauseofdecreasingprecipitation,itisevenmoreswelteringduringthisperiodthanduringMajorHeat.虽然立秋标志着秋天的开始，但炎热的天气不会结束。秋季开始后的炎热时期，通常持续30天，被称为“秋老虎”或“印度夏天”由于降水减少，这一时期比大热时期更闷热。Fleshingoutinautumn贴秋膘OnthefirstdayoftheStartofAutumn,usuallypeoplewillweighthemselvesandcomparetheirweighttowhatitwasattheStartofSummer.Ifonehaslostweightduringthesummer,thenatthebeginningofautumn,heorsheneedstofleshoutbyeatingmanydifferentkindsofdeliciousfood,especiallymeat.在立秋的第一天，人们通常会称体重，并将体重与初夏时进行比较。如果一个人在夏季减肥，那么在秋季开始时，他或她需要通过吃许多不同种类的美味食物，尤其是肉来增肥。Gatheringcrops收割庄稼StartofAutumnisabigsolartermforfarmers.Itistimetogathercrops.Thereisasaying:"IfitrainsonthedayoftheStartofAutumn,agoodharvestisexpected."对农民来说，秋天开始收割庄稼是一个重要的节气。是收割庄稼的时候了。有一句谚语说:“如果在秋天开始的那天下雨，就有望获得好收成。”Eatingpeaches吃桃子InHangzhou,peopleeatpeachesontheStartofAutumnday.ThepeachstonesarekeptuntilNewYear'sEveandthrownintothestove,burnedintoash.Peoplebelievedthatinthisway,plaguescouldbepreventedforthewholeyear.在杭州，人们在秋天的第一天吃桃子。桃核一直保存到除夕，扔进炉子里，烧成灰烬。人们相信这样一来，一整年都可以避免瘟疫。Eatinglongans吃龙眼TheStartofAutumnperiodisharvesttimeforTaiwanlongan.Peoplebelievethateatinglonganwillhelptheirdescendantsbecomeseniorofficials.秋天的开始是台湾龙眼的收获季节。人们相信吃龙眼会帮助他们的后代成为高级官员。Eatingdumplings吃饺子InShandongprovince,peoplemakedumplingsduringtheStartofAutumn,andtheycallit"EatingtheAutumn".OnthedayofStartofAutumn,seniormembersofthefamilywillstandinthemiddleofthehall,worshipingabowlofcereal,andprayingfortheharvestinautumn.MostofthefamilieswilleatdumplingstogetherafterStartofAutumnday.吃饺子在山东省，人们在立秋时包饺子，他们称之为“咬秋”。在立秋的那一天，家里的年长者会站在大厅中央，敬一碗麦片，祈求秋天的丰收。立秋后，大多数家庭会一起吃饺子。Eatingredbeans吃红豆StartingfromtheTangDynasty(618-907)andtheSongDynasty(960-1279),peopleinYiwu,Zhejiangprovince,haveeatenredbeansonStartofAutumnday.Theytake7to14littlebeans,swallowingthemwithwellwater.Whentakingthebeans,onemustfacewest,itissaid,soasnottogetdysenteryduringtheautumn.吃红豆从唐朝(618-907)和宋朝(960-1279)开始，浙江义乌人就在立秋时吃红豆。他们拿了7到14颗小豆，用井水吞下。据说，吃豆子时，人必须面朝西，以免在秋天得痢疾。Eatinggourds吃西葫芦DuringtheQingDynasty(1644-1911),peoplewouldputgourdsoutsideforadaybeforetheStartofAutumn,andeatthemonStartofAutumndaytodriveoffthesummerheat.TodaypeopleinTianjinstillkeepthiscustom,believingthateatingmelonssuchastowelgourd,whitegourdandbittergourdcanpreventdiarrheainautumnandthecomingwinterandspring.在清朝(1644-1911年)，人们会在立秋前一天把瓜放在外面，并在立秋时吃它们，以驱除夏季的炎热。今天天津人仍然保持这一习俗，认为吃诸如丝瓜、冬瓜和苦瓜等瓜类可以防止秋季和即将到来的冬季和春季腹泻。'TouchingAutumn'‘摸秋’Thereisthecustomof"TouchingAutumn"inthenorthernpartofYancheng,Jiangsuprovince.OntheeveofStartofAutumn,peoplecantouchandtakeforfreeallkindsoffruitsastheylikeinprivateorpublicgardens,andtheownerswillnotbeangry,nomatterhowmuchtheylose.Manygardenersevenleavesomemellowfruitsinthefieldonpurposefortheguestsduringthenight.江苏盐城北部有‘摸秋’的习俗。在立秋前夕，人们可以在私人或公共花园里随意触摸和拿取各种水果，无论损失多少，主人都不会生气。许多园丁甚至在晚上故意在地里留下一些醇香的水果给客人。NOTES✪红色：词汇蓝色：短语※黄色：语法总结，长难句阅读综合练习在文后✪reflect/rɪˈflekt/v.反射（光、热或声音）；反映，照出（影像）；显示，表明

Hisfacewasreflectedinthemirror.

他的脸映照在镜子里。✪approach/əˈprəʊtʃ/v.靠近，临近；接洽，交谈；对付，处理n.方法，态度；靠近，接近Weheardthesoundofanapproachingcar.我们听见一辆汽车驶近的声音。✪precipitation/prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn/n.降水，降水量（包括雨、雪、冰等）

Precipitation

in

the

mountainarea

is

higher

than

inthe

plains.

山地的降水量要比平原高。✪swelter/ˈsweltə(r)/v.被暑气所苦，热得难受；使闷热；使中暑n.闷热的天气；热得难受Give

me

some

ice

water,

I'mgoingtoswelter.

给我点冰水，我都热晕过去了。✪swelteringadj.闷热的；热得难受的We

were

sweltering

at

thebeach.

我们在沙滩上热得难受。✪flesh/fleʃ/n.（人或动物的）肉；（人体的）皮肤；果肉；肉体v.<文>激起……的杀性，使投入血战；刮掉（皮上的）肉Tigers

are

flesh-eating

animals.

虎是食肉动物。fleshout充实/使之更充实并具体化/长胖Helostweightafterhisillnessbutisbeginningtofleshoutagain.他病后体重减轻了，但现在又开始胖起来。※whatitwas：宾语从句，跟在介词to之后。peachstones：桃核✪plague

/pleɪɡ/n.死亡率高的传染病v.给…造成长时间的痛苦（或麻烦）；困扰；折磨；使受煎熬✪longan/ˈlɒŋɡən/n.龙眼✪descendant/dɪˈsendənt/n.后裔，子孙；派生物，衍生物adj.下降的；祖传的He

was

a

descendant

of

Spanish

soldier.

他是一名西班牙士兵的子孙。✪worship/ˈwɜːʃɪp/v.敬奉；爱慕，崇拜n.敬神，拜神；崇拜，爱慕He

prefers

toworship

in

hisown

home.

他更喜欢在自己的家里敬奉神明。✪cereal/ˈsɪəriəl/n.谷类食物；谷类植物，谷物adj.谷类的；谷类制成的I

have

a

bowl

ofcereal

every

morning.

我每天早上吃一碗麦片粥。※worshipingabowlofcereal,andprayingfortheharvestinautumn：现在分词worshiping和praying做谓语动词stand的伴随状语。✪swallow/ˈswɒləʊ/v.吞下；咽下n.燕子;咽；吞；一次吞咽的量；一口You'retoo

old

tobe

givena

job.

That's

abitterpillto

swallow.

你年龄太大，不能给你工作了。那样的事情是吞苦果。✪dysentery/ˈdɪsəntri/n.痢疾✪gourd/ɡʊəd/n.葫芦，葫芦科植物；（用作盛水容器的）瓢；脑瓜towel/ˈtaʊəl/gourd：丝瓜whitegourd：冬瓜bittergourd：苦瓜✪diarrhea/ˌdaɪəˈrɪə/n.腹泻believingthateatingmelonssuchastowelgourd,whitegourdandbittergourdcanpreventdiarrheainautumnandthecomingwinterandspring：现在分词believing做伴随状语，that之后引导宾语从句，动名词eating做从句的主语。✪mellow/ˈmeləʊ/adj.（水果）成熟香甜的；v.（使）变成熟老练，（使）变平易近人Hisvoicewasdeepandmellow.

他的声音低沉而柔和。A

period

spent

working

abroad

haddone

nothing

to

mellow

him.

他在海外工作了一段时间，却没有变得老练。一、阅读理解。1.DuringthestartofAutumn,whichofthefollowingisnotright?A.Thehotsummerendsandthecoolautumnbegins.B.ItishotterthanthatduringMajorHeat.C.Hotdaysstilllastfor30days.D.Rainfalldecreasesduringthisperiod.2.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethephrase“fleshout”inthepassage?A.loseweightB.putofshapeC.inshapeD.putonweight3.Thesaying“IfitrainsonthedayoftheStartofAutumn,agoodharvestisexpected”indicatesthat__________.A.thereisfrequentrainfallduringtheStartofAutumn.B.itisnotcommontorainduringtheStartofAutumnC.rainisgoodforcropstogrowinthatperiod.D.cropsarelackofrain4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.gardenersusuallyleavefruitsinthefieldtobetakenforfreeB.peachstonescanpreventplaguesC.swallowingredbeanswillnotgetdysenteryD.eatinglonganswillbecomesenorofficials.答案：BDCA按照单词的适当形式填空或首字母填空。IfitrainsheavilyonthisWednesdaynight,someelderlyChinesewillsayitisbecauseZhinu,ortheWeavingMaid,iscryingonthedayshemetherhusbandNiulang,ortheCowherd,ontheMilkyWay.MostChineserememberbeingtoldthisromantictragedy1.______theywerechildrenonQixi,ortheSeventhNightFestival,which2.______ontheseventhdayoftheseventhlunarmonth.ThisyearitfallsonWednesday,August7.Asthestorygoes,oncetherewasacowherd,Niulang,wholivedwithhiselderbrotherandsister-in-law.Butshedislikedand3.______him,andtheboywasforcedtoleavehomewithonlyanoldcowfor4.______.Thecow,however,wasaformergodwhohad5.______imperialrulesandwassenttoearthinbovineform.OnedaythecowledNiulangtoalakewherefairiestooka6.______onearth.AmongthemwasZhinu,themostbeautifulfairyanda7.______seamstress.Thetwofellinloveatfirstsightandweresoonmarried.Theyhadasonanddaughterandtheirhappylifewas8.______upasanexampleforhundredsofyearsinChina.YetintheeyesoftheJadeEmperor,theSupremeDeityinTaoism,marriagebetweena9.______andfairywasstrictlyforbidden.Heorderedtheheaventroop10.______Zhinuback.Niulanggrew11.______whenhediscoveredZhinuhadbeentakenbacktoheaven.DrivenbyNiulang'smisery,thecowtoldhimtoturnits12.______intoapairofshoesafteritdied.ThemagicshoeswhiskedNiulang,whocarriedhistwochildreninbasketsstrungfromashoulderpole,offona13.______aftertheempress.Thepursuit14.______theempress,whotookherhairpinandslasheditacrossthesky15.______theMilkyWaywhichseparatedhusbandfromwife.Butallwasnotlostasmagpies,movedbytheirloveanddevotion,formedabridgeacrosstheMilkyWay16.______thefamily.EventheJadeEmperorwastouched,andallowedNiulangandZhinutomeetonceayearontheseventhnightoftheseventhmonth.ThisishowQixicametobe.Thefestivalcanbe17.______backtotheHanDynasty(206BC-AD220).Traditionally,peoplewould18.______attheskyandfindabrightstarintheconstellationAquilaaswellasthestarVega,whichare19.______asNiulangandZhinu.Thetwostarsshineon______sidesoftheMilkyWay.1.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that2.A.fellB.fillsC.dropsD.falls3.A.amusedB.abusedC.amazedD.awake4.A.companyB.componentC.combineD.common5.A.violatedB.againstC.violentD.break6.A.showerB.bathC.restD.drive7.A.youngB.creativeC.skilledD.energetic8.A.holdB.holdingC.toholdD.held9.A.mortalB.immortalC.manD.farmer10.A.catchB.tocatchC.catchingD.caught11.A.desperatelyB.despairC.desperateD.deadly12.A