be动词的基本用法

I'mDavid.be动词的一般现在时有三种形式，即： am,is,are 。如果主语是第一人称I（我）时，be动词用am。如：Iamastudent. 我是一名学生。Iam 还可缩写成I'm。如：我是大卫。如果主语是you（你，你们）,they（他们，它们，她们）或名词复数（两个以上的人或物）时，be动词必须用are。如：Areyoutwelve?你是十二岁吗？TomandLilyaregoodfriends.

汤姆和莉莉是好朋友。Theyareatschool.

他们在学校。are与主语还可缩写。如： Weare=We're，Theyare=They're,Youare=You're。而are与not可缩写成aren't。如：Theyaren'tstudents. 他们不是学生。但是 am与not不能缩写。3. 如果主语是单数名词、不可数名词或单数第三人称代词（ he,she,it ）时，be动词用is。如:Mymotherisateacher. 我的妈妈是一名老师。Heisastudent.

他是一名学生。is也可与主语缩写,如:Heis=He's,Mymotheris=Mymother'sThisis 不可缩写。而is与not可缩写成isn't 。如:Thisisn'tabook. 这不是一本书。根据以上叙述我们可以把动词的用法以口诀的形式表述出来：我（I）是am,你（you）是are,剩下is留给她（she）, 他（he）, 它（it）,两个以上都用are。

等。但是[思路分析]be作助动词用的形式如下：①am,is,are,was,were②助动词be：shallbe,willbe,canbe,etc.have/has/hadbeen（完成时）④am,is,being（进行时）[解题过程]（1）表达进行时态句型be V- ing（进行时态）例：Whatareyoureading?（你正在阅读什么？）Iamreadingamagazine.（我正在阅读杂志。）例：Hewillbetakingawalkintheparkatthistimetomorrowmorning.（明天早晨此时他将会正在公园散步。）例：ShehasbeenteachingEnglishinourschoolforyears.（她已在我们学校教英语许多年了。）解说第一例句是表达现在进行时，第二例句是将来进行时，第三例句是现在完成进行时。（2）表达被动语态句型bep.p. （被动语态）例：EnglishisspokeninbothCanadaandtheUnitedStates.（加拿大和美国都讲英语。）例：Thosekeyswerefoundinyourdrawer.（那些钥匙是在你的抽屉里找到的。）例：Itcanbedonemuchfasterinthisway.（这件工作用这个方法可以更加快速地做好。）英语的“be”是个特别动词；有些语言，如中文和马来文，并没有“be”这样的动词。“Be”除了原形的“be”之外，还有另外七种形式：am,is,are,been,being,was,were.在句子中，“be”可以是主动词(ThePrincipalVerb)或助动词(TheAuxiliaryVerb).当主动词时，“be”在性质上属于接系动词 (TheLinkingVerb), 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语 (TheComplement)。例如：1.Themanisascienceteacher.2.Mary'snewdressesarecolourful.Ihavebeentherebefore.Motherisinthekitchennow.这四个都是陈述句，可以变成疑问句，方法简单，把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可：Isthemanascienceteacher?AreMary'snewdressescolourful?HaveIbeentherebefore?Ismotherinthekitchennow?当“be”要在祈使句中出现时，它必须借重助动词“ do”或“don't”之助，如：Don'tbesilly!Dobeobedient!Don'tbeafool!“Be”有两种缩写法，如下：He'snot/Heisn'tYou'renot/Youaren't...但“am not”的缩写法只有一个：14.I'mnot.有人用“ain't ”, 但这并不是标准英语。谈过了“be”作主动词的功能，现在看看“ be”作助动词时，有些什么用法：1.“Be 现在分词”以组成进行式时态 (ContinuousTenses) ，如：Tony'smaidiswashinghisnewcar.Thechildrenareplayinginthefield.SamuelwaseatingwhenIcamein.Wehavebeenlivingheresince1959.2.“Be 过去分词”以组成被动语态 (ThePassiveVoice), 如：Hermoneyinthedrawerwasstolen.Anumberofgoodjobsaretakenupbyforeigners.DavidstudiedinTaiwanbuthasbeentrainedasalanguagelecturerinAmerica.CanallthewonderfulbirdsbefoundinourBirdPark?Thedisobedientboywastoldtostandout-sidetheclassroom.Stepsarebeingtakentoreducetrafficcon-gestionduringpeakhours.Dishoneststudentswillbeimmediatelydealtwith.从上面例子看，“be”这动词外貌平凡，但内涵丰厚。如果没有“be”，补足语的桥梁断了。如果没有“be”,何来进行式时态和被动语态？缺了这几样重要的句式，英语还像英语吗？动词be的本领演示动词be：我是系动词的总称，我叫be动词。今天我就要给大家演示一下我们家族中的are，is和am的本领。下面听听它们是怎么说的：Are：凡是表示多数（复数）的人称或名词都必须跟我连用；凡是第二人称you，不管是单数还是复数，也必须来找我。例如：Howareyoutoday ？你今天怎么样？JennyandMaryareinCanada. 詹尼和玛莉在加拿大。Is：虽然复数人称、第一人称和第二人称都与我无缘，但我总是和第三人称单数一起连用。例如：MyteacherisinChina. 我的老师在中国。Am：我永远只和第一人称 I一起连用，不信你瞧：Iamateacher. 我是老师。动词be：谁能告诉我你们在句中表示什么意思？Am：我们都表示“是”，但是当我们和介词短语或地点副词连用时，我们通常翻译为“在”；如果和形容词或数词（表年龄）连用，通常不翻译。例如：Iamintheclassroom. 我在教室。Theyareyoung/25. 他们年青/25岁。动词be：那么什么情况下不缩写呢？Are：我只知道我们在句中不重读时要缩写。例如：He’sastudent. 他是老师。难道还有不缩写的时候吗？Is：当然有，This与我is连用不缩写：Thisisachair. 不能说This’sachair.Am：这是因为This的尾音与is的尾音相近，缩写后不容易读出来的缘故。还有，如果我们三个在句尾时，一般不缩写，这是因为我们要重读。例如：Thereitis. 它在那里。Hereyouare. 给你。动词

be：最后我再考你们三道题：TomandI________teachers.You________aword(

单词).ClassTwo________ontheplayground(

在操场上).动词

be：TomandI

是两个人，是复数，用

are；You在这里看作是一个单词，所以用is；ClassTwo表面上是一个班，但实际上是指二班的学生，所以用are。好了，希望你们认真学习，不仅仅要看表面，还要看透本质。只有这样，才能掌握更高、更深的知识。系动词be的用法张家港三兴小学游健英最近，五年级的小朋友学习了系动词be的三种形式：is,am,are。在汉语里它们都表示“是”的意思，而英语里却有这么“三个小兄弟”，于是有的小朋友因为不能正确区分而愁眉不展。别急，读读下面这个简易口诀，再去做题，相信你回豁然开朗。Is,am,are ，通通译成“是”。“我”是am, “你”是are，is跟着“她”，“他”， “它”。要想区分is 和are,请你记住啦：单数是is, 复数都是are。如要提问是不是，is,am,are 往句前提。要想否定说不是，not要往is,am,are 的后面移。现在，小朋友都明白了吧！那就自我检测一下吧！请用is,am,are 完成下列句子。I____agoodstudent.You____notateacher._____headoctor?TomandLinTao_____goodfriends.5.Thecoat_____myfather ’s.、用be(is,am,are) 动词的适当形式填空。1）I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not.2）Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3）Thedog_______tallandfat.4）Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5）______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6）How_______yourfather?1.1Be动词的三种形式(am,is,are)（一般现在时态中）Iaminguangzhounow.Myfather(He)inShanghai.Mysister(She)isinWuhan.Guangzhou(it)acity.We(LucyandI)students.Youareateacher.They(GuangzhouandWuhan)cities.练习：用am,is,are填空。1．TheU.S._______abigcountry.2．Guangzhou_______oneofthelargestprovinceinChina.3．GuangzhouandShanghai_______mordencities.4．We_______inGuangzhounow.5．I_______astudentinXXschool.6．LucyandI_______teenagers.7．David_______myclassmate.8．You_______mybestfriend.9．Mydog_______mybestfriend.10．Mymotherandsister_______athome.1.2Be动词的用法。（7种用法）1.Guangzhouisbeautiful.(对主语进行描述。)2.Guangzhouisacity.(对主语下分类。即主语是什么。)3.Guangzhouisinthesouth.(主语的位置。)4.WearefromChina.(主语来自于哪里。)5.Iam16yearsold.(主语的年龄。)6.Itishotinguangzhou.(描述天气。)7.Itis6o’clock.(表示时间。)练习：指出下面例子是 BE动词的那种用法。Beijingisinthenorth.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.3.Itis5o’clocknow.4.Itiscoldtoday.5.HuJingtaoisabout60yearsold.6.TheteacherisfromWuhan.1.3Be动词位置。主语Be补语IamfromChina.Chinaisacountry.Chinaisbig.Chineseismynativelanguage.YouarefromGuangzhou.ItishotinWuhan.主语放在句首。作主语的为：人或物。从主语看出我们在谈论的是谁或什么。2Be动词am,is,are 放在主语的后面。最后面的都是补语。以补语结束句子。补语表明主语的：属于哪类；地点；对主语描述等。练习：用下面的单词，组成正确的句子。并说明是 BE动词的哪种用法。例子：big/theU.S./is TheU.S.isbig. （对主语分类）Is/beautiful/China__________________Is/Texas/abigstate__________________Hottoday/it/is__________________Theteacher/from/is/NewYork.__________________Years/mybrother/is/25/old.__________________Abigcountry/America/is__________________Intheclassroom/are/thestudents__________________Themap/onpage3/is__________________Myparents/inChina/are__________________Am/I/astudent__________________1.4 主语与人称代词。Beijingisbig. MyfriendandIareinGuangzhou.ItisintheNorth. WeareinGuangzhou.Mysisiterisastudent. MycousinsareinShanghai.Sheisveryhappy. TheyareinShanghai.Myfatherisatwork. ChinaandKoreaarecountries.Heisbusy. TheyareinAsia.Youaremyteacher.MrGaoandyouaremyteachers.Youaremyteachers.1主语可以是人称代词。来代替人的名字，或者物。人称代词 7个：I;we;you;he,she,it,they. 三人称单数是指:he,she,it. 或者一个的人，物：myfather,adog.名词单数指只有一个人或物。名词复数指两个或者两个以上的人或物，复数名词以S结尾。（adog;twodogs ）主语是单数时 Be动词用is, 主语是复数时，用are.I 后面用am.Iamastudent.Dogsareanimals.Mymotherandfatherareteachers. 注意TheUnitedStates(theU.S.) 虽然以S结尾，但表示单数。TheUnitedStatesisabigcountry.总结：Iam,weare,youare,heis,sheis,itis,theyare.You有两种意思：你，你们。BE动词都用are.到底是哪种意思，要看后面的名词。Youareastudent.( 你)Youarestudents. （你们）当主语是另外一个人和I时。Be动词用are.并把另外一个人的名字放I之前，表示对别人的尊重。JohnandIaregoodfriends.主语用人称代词it来谈论时间和天气。BE动词用is.ItishotinGuangzhou.Itis6o ’clocknow.6They用来代替复数的人，复数的物。Myfriendsarehere.Theyaregoodtome.Mybooksarehere.Theyareonthefloor.练习：用正确的人称代词和 Be动词填空。人称代词有：____,____,____,____,____,____,____.例：CanadaandMexicoarecountries.TheyareintheNorthAmerica.Floridaisastate.______________intheSoutheast.______________warminYunnan.ShanghaiandBeijingarebigcities.______________beautiful.______________astudent.（指自己）______________4:30.（时间）MyparentsareinGuangdong.______________inGuangzhou.YouandIarestudents.______________intheclassroomnow.______________rainingtoday.（天气）1.6Be动词用法一。用语描述主语。主语

be

very

形容词NewYorkCity

is

very

big.People

are

helpful.Theweather

is

nice.I

am

tired.BE动词接形容词用来描述主语。形容词没有单复数形式。 NewYorkisbig.NewYorkandChicagoarebig.练习：将下列形容词填入一下的空格中。有的空可填多个。Clean,interesting,big,beautiful,hot,famous,rich.Thisclassroomis_______________.Thiscityis_______________.Thiscollegeis_______________.Theweatheris_______________.Americansare_______________.Theteacheris_______________.1.7Be动词用于定义主语。（给主语分类）单数主语beAorAn(形容词)单数名词Iamastudent.Youareateacher.Guangzhouisan(interesting)city.复数名词be(形容词)复数名词GuangzhouandShanghaiare(big)cities.Weare(Chinese)students.Youare(good)teachers.1BE动词名词表示主语是什么人，物，地方。2如果名词是单数，前面要加上a或an.当单数名词以元音开头的时候，用an.元音有：a,e,i,o,u.3复数名词前不用a,an.名词前可以加上形容词。练习一。给下面的句子加上一个形容词。Important;eighth,big,famous,good,common,verygood.例：January1isaholiday.January1isanimportantholiday.Augustisamonth.PuertoRicoisanisland.Toyataisacompany.I’mastudent.LosAngelsandChicagoarecities.Johnisaname.练习：用正确的 BE动词填空。如果是单数名词，加上不定冠词 a或前不要用不定冠词。例：TheU.S.isabigcountry.TheU.S.andCanadaarebigcountries.

an.

复数名词California____________bigcountry.GuangzhouandShenzhen____________citiesinGuangdong.PuertoRico____________island.PuertoRicoandCuba____________islands.Thanksgivng____________Americanholiday.ChineseandEnglish____________languages.ChinaandAmerica____________countries.1.8Be动词用来表达主语的地点或者来源。介词 例子On(在上面):Thebookisonthetable.Thetableisonthefloor.At(大致的地方)：Iamatschool.Mybrotherisathome.Theyareatwork.In(在里面):Thestudentsareintheclassroom.Thewastebasketisinthecorner.Infrontof( 在前方)：theblackboardisinfrontofthestudents.Inbackof/behind(在后方):Theteacherisinbackofthedesk.Theblackbordisbehindtheteacher.Between(在之间):Theemptydeskisbetweenthetwostudents.Abover/over(在上面):Theexitsignisoverthedoor.Theclockisabovetheexitsign.Under/below(在下面):Thetextbookisbelowthedesk.Theexitsignisunderthedoor.Near/by/closeto(在附近):Thesharpenerisby/closeto/nearthewindow.Nextto( 在隔壁):Thelightswitchisnexttothedoor.Farfrom(相隔很远):GuangzhouisfarfromWuhan.Acrossfrom( 和对门)Room101isacrossfromRoom203.In(城市):TheTiananmensquareisinBeijing.TheWhiteHouseisinWashington,D.C.On(街道):TheWhiteHouseisonPennsylvaniaAvenue.At( 地址):TheWhiteHouseisat1600PennsylvaniaAvenue.From(来自):IamfromChina.IamfromGuangzhou.用介词来表示人，物的地点。词序是：主语BE介词地点名词。练习：用BE动词和介词，说明教室里人或物的位置。例：Mybookisinmyschoolbag.Thestudentsareinfrontoftheteacher.Thisclassroom_________________________________.Theclock_________________________________.Theteacher_________________________________.Thewastbasket_________________________________.Thelightswitch_________________________________.Thechalkboard_________________________________.I_________________________________.Mybooks_________________________________.We_________________________________.1.9 This,that,these,those附近 较远处单数名词 Thisismyschool. Thatismyteacher.复数名词 Thesearemybooks.Thosearetallbuildings.1this,that,these,those 为指示代词，可以指代人或物。2this,thatis;these,thoseare练习：用指示代词填空____,_______,________,________。例：Thisistheschoolcafeteria. →Thosearethecleandishes.1.___________________thestrays. →2.___________________today’sspecial. →3.___________________thenapkins. →___________________theforks,knivesandspoons.___________________thecashier.→___________________thevendingmachines.___________________theeatingarea.8.___________________theteachers ’section.1.10 BE动词的否定形式1Iamnotmarried.2Peterisnotathome.3Wearenotdoctors.Be动词的否定就是在其后面加上

not.2I’mnotlate.Englishisn

’tmynativelanguage.Myfriendsaren

’therenow. 缩写形式。练习：用代词和 BE动词的否定形式填空。例：Theclassroomiscleanandbig.Itisn ’tdirty.Itisn ’tsmall.We’reintheclassroom.___________________inthelibrary.Today’sweekday.___________________Saturday.I’mastudent.___________________ateacher.Thestudentsarebusy.__________lazy.__________tired.5. You’reontime.____________ea rly.____________late.MyclassmatesandIareinanEnglishclass.___________________athome.练习：讲下面的句子改成否定句。例：MyteacherisChinese.Sheisn ’tAmerican.GuangzhouandShanghaiarecities.(provinces.)I’mfromChina.(theU.S.)3. We’rein theclassnow.(inthelibrary.)You’remyEnglishteacher.(mymathteacher)You’reAmerican.(I)Januaryisacoldmonth.(JulyandAugust)练习：根据实际情况填空。Mynameis________.I________fromanEnglish-speakingcountry.I________astudentinGuangzhou.I________inmyEnglishclassnow.Theclass________big.Myteacher________aman.He/She________veryyoung.Theclassroom________verynice.It________clean.Myclassmates________allveryyoungstudents.We________allfromthesamecountry.We________happytolearnEnglish.English________veryeasyforme.It________ausefullanguage.1.11 Be

动词在

Yes/No的一般疑问句中。陈述句 Yes/No 一般疑问句 简短回答Iamastudent. AmIastudent? Yes,youare.YouarefromChina. AreyoufromWuhan? No,I

’mnot.Heislate. Isheabsent? No,heisn

’t.Sheismarried. Isshehappy?Itiscoldtoday. Isitwindy?

Yes,sheis.Yes,itis.Wearehere. Arewelate?

No,youaren

’t.Theyarenewstudents.AretheyfromShanghai?Yes,theyare.1在用Yes/No一般疑问句提问时，把be动词提到主语之前。句尾加问号。回答时：Yes,人称代词BE。No,人称代词BEnot.Istheteacherheretoday?Yes,sheis.No,sheisn

’t.练习：根据实际情况回答下面问题。例：Isyourbooknew?Yes,itis./

No,itisn

’t.IsGuangzhoubig?IsChineseyournativelanguage?IsEnglishhardforyou?AreyoufromShenzhen?Areyouastudent?Arethesequestionshard?AmIagoodteacher?Areyouaboy?练习：用下面的单词写出一个一般疑问句。并回答。例：school/big.Ishisschoolbig?Yes,itis.Thisschool/nearyourhouse.Thisschool/nearpublictransportation.Mother/athome.Thisclass/freeTheteacher/strick.Theroom/cleanTheclassroom/big.You/anewstudentYou/fromChina.You/happyinGuangzhouSports/popularinGuangzhouEducation/freeinGuangzhou1.12Wh-特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句。Wh-特殊疑问词Be主语Be补语回答Guangzhouisacity.IsGuangzhouinGuangdong?Yes,itis.WhereisGuangzhou?BeijingisthecapitalofChina.IsBeijinginthesouthofChina?No,itisn’t.WhereisBeijing?特殊疑问词有：who,what,when,why,where,how.特殊疑问词特殊疑问句回答Who=人(谁)Whoisyourteacher?MyteacherisMs.Zhou.What=物(什么)Whatisyourname?MynameisLinda.WhatisSpringFestival?Itisaholiday.When=时间(什么时候)WhenisChristmas?It’sinDecember.用介词in表示年，月It'sonDecember25.用介词on表示日，星期。It’sonSaturdaythisyear.Why=原因(为什么)Whyareyoulate?BecauseIgotuplate.Where=地点(在哪里)WhereisChina?It’sinAsia.Whereareyourbooks?They’reonthedesk.Whereareyoufrom?I’mfromGuangzhou.How=描述，身体(怎么样)Howisyourlifeinschool?It’sgood.Howistheweathertoday?It’swarmtoday.Howisyourmother?Sheisfine.Which=选择(哪个)Whichbookdoyouwant?Iwantthatbook.练习：用正确的特殊疑问词和Be动词填空Example：What’syourname?MynameisFrank.__________Guangzhou?It’sinGuangdong.2. __________yourbirthday?It ’sinJune.__________yourteacher?MyteacherisMs.Zhou.__________arose?Aroseisaflower.__________youlate?I’mlatebecauseoftraffic.6. __________yourparents?They ’rein mycountry.__________you?I’mfine.Andyou?8. __________theteacher’soffice?It ’sinthesecondfloor.__________therestrooms?Theyareattheendofthehall.10. __________LaborDayinChina?It ’sinMay.__________wehere?WeareherebecausewewanttolearnEnglish.__________theweathertoday?It'scloudyandcool.1.13What和how的疑问句。What名词Be补语回答Whatisarose?Itisaflower.Whatnationalityistheteacher?She’sChinese.Whatkindofbookisit?It’sanEnglishbook.Whatdayistoday?It’sFriday.Whattimeisit?It’s4o’clock.Whatcolorareyournewshoes?Theyareblack.说明：what后面可以加上名词。Whattime,whatday,whatcolorHow形容词Be补语回答Howisyournewjob?It’sgreat.Howistheweathertoday?It’scool.Howoldisyourbrother?He’s16yearsold.Howtallareyou?Iam180cm.Howlongistheruler?It’s10cm.Howmuchisthebook?It’sfiveyuan.说明：how后面可以接