理智与情感(张志宏)

1.Introductionrmoethan200JneAunhasbenconsideredasoneofthemostinflentaloveistsinheorl.AdhrnvelsalsogangeatsigifiantosiioninliteratureandAlthoughshewasnotwelcomedsomecriticalrealistwriters,MrknevensaidthatadnotbeadoneiftherewasaJaneAusten’snovel.Sheandwhatshehadwrittenstillhadbeenattractingthousandsofpeople’sattention.InJaneAusten’stime,civilizationhadbeengreatlyinfluencedbytremendouschaneofpoliticsandbutuJignsthat“inJaneAusten’snovels,youngpeopleshouldinsistequalityanddignityinloveandmarriage,whichisimportantpartofhappinessinone’slife,althoughmoneyisnecessaryinlife.”AndaccordingtoLianshu“Janeisawomanwhohasobstinateheartwhichmeansthatshewillneveracceptamarriagewithoutlove,andshedoesnotbecausethereisnopropernr”sel,eentdteh,plusinherownworkssheironicwitoflanguagetoheruniqueviewofmarriageinhernovels.2.fheenealviwfarragefaneusen2.1heviewfarrigeinanestimeAtthetunof18hand19theddKindmwasineomcgw.eiilnatnfispidwsnte,oadwihtedevlopentofdatthistime,inthemidleclassofitwasfilledwithatg,gasenseofpeceandtranquillandscape.JaneAusten’slivingplacewasinthesouthofEngland,whichwasnotinfuncdmuchintheindutralrevouio.BritainwasahighbirthratehighAcouplewitheightoreventenchildrenwaswidespread.,becaseofhighapersonwhohadnochildrenbeforehisdeath,thoughtofhislittlecontactorneardistantniece,nephew,andwantedthemtoinherithisestate.Thiskindofthingwascommonplace.IntheeraofJaneAusten'slife,marriagewasthesafeguardsforawoman.Ifawomandidn’tmarry,shewouldnothaveincome,andshewasforbiddentoworktosupportheref,andcouldnotinheritfromterparns.Alltheefactsmadethewomenkeenonmarriage.Loveandmarriageseemedirrelevanttoeachother,whilemariagelnkedwthocaltaus,andclss.Insuchathehusbandmeanttobethebackboneofhiswife.Becausemenhadeconomicresources,whilewomendidnot,therefore,theaffectionbetweenmenandwomninmarrigeseemednotimportantastereconmcconitos.NineenthBritishsocialandculurlrealtisdecdedtheeleensmustetaenintoacontinmaig.ntsocilenvromentmentookthedomnatepositionandwomencouldnotbeindependentinevenhadnorighttotakeanimportantpoliticalpositions,andevenwasdifficulttofindadecentjob.Women’slifewasunderthecontrolofmen,firsttheirfather,brothers,malerelatives,andthentheirhusbands.Thus,thegoloflifewstofindadandonhim.fawomandecidedtoremainsingle,shewouldbesubjectedtoberidiculedthepeoplearound.Womenmustinordertosurvive.Atthespecialcircumstances,makingbetesoarihmanwasalsoacommonsense,andcanbeacceptable.Inadditiontoeconomicconsiderations,arichmancouldalsobringfrawomansfamiles.Asingeoldmaidwitoutahdcouldnotbeaccptale;andtheirfamiliswouldbedirnedwhole,toamanwithwealthandthesocialstatuscouldnotprovidewomenaliving,butalsocouldbringsatisfactionandhappinessforherfamilies.2Janeusownendherviwfarenrlsnwasbrnin175inHamphieinUnitdKigom.HerfatherwasarespectedscholarshipinchargeofaparishpriestandandRectorandhermotherwsagdhf.Jenevrtokformaleduatonbutrecevedniceeducation.Herparentshadeightchildren,sonandtwodaughters,Janeistheone.Someofthebrothersservedintheandsomehaddoneasapastor;aneldrbrthrinhertedfrmareaeandbeaewellknownasterichgenlma.AltoghatthetimeoftheBritishemainemphasisforgirlswasreligiousandmoraleducation,Janeandhersister;Cassandrahadagodcodeuonandedification:reading,writingpantng,muicanddane.Itshouldbesaid,Jane,hadawarmhome:theparentsknewthattheirsonsanddaughterslovedeachotherandhelpedeachother.DuetothedeathofCassandra’sfiancé,Jane’ssisternevermarriedinherrestlife,whobecameJane’sbestfriendandspirituallife-longpartner.Inthequietthelivedasimplelife.wereengagedinvarioushouseholdchores,visitingrelativesandfriends,whichwerethecenteroftheirlives.wettoparticipateindanceballandinthiscouldkilltime.Aftertheirfatherdied,themovedtoanthr.gnmegrlegcyleftysrandher’help,Jane,hersisterandtheirmotherwereabletosustaintheirliving.DuringtherestofJane’slife,herworkswerepublishedandshewasabletoearnsomeJanediedin1817attheageof41Aftershedied,sheleftthewholeestateand£150rr.Tecircumsancssurrouningthetwoheronsofthematechiekis.RevealedthattheBritishcapitalistatthattime.Inordertoawomantoseekeconomicandimprovetheeconomicstatus,it’sacustom.Emphasisonfmlysttsandregadessofssandafetio.syanuglyphenomenon.Asthetitleshows,concentratesofthewholeof“reaon”and“emotional”inconflicts.Austendepicedwithacimgiatonthelivesofminorlanedandfamiliesinvarioseconomiccircmstacesstruggligtomaintainorenhancetheirsocialposition.Themosturgentpreoccupationofherwell-bredheroinessandheroesiscourtshipandmarriage.Sointermofherporlife,accodngtoeG.rs9)OsaeHeat,Jane’sself-esteemwassostrongthatshewouldneverforItwassaidthatJanehadbeninlovewitham.Thefactwastatshenevermarriedinherlifetime.InValerieG.Myer’s(1997)pointofview,Janedidlovesomeone.ButwhatcountswasJane’sviewofmarriage.Thepassedlifecouldnotbeknowntheevidencetoproveherviewofloveishernovels.nedSensibility,eefensonmarriageJanerasthttebaeofmargeislo,weeesntenoughinmrie,bcuepependfinlsupportintheirlives.Ontheothrhand,animportantroleinmarriage.IntheviewofJane,itisbothloveandthatcanbeperfectbringspeoplerealhappiness.JaneAusten’ssensibleviewonmarriageisrelatedtothewomen’slowsocialstatusatthattimeaswellasherownloveviewsonmarriageisrelatedtothewomen’slowsocialstatusatthattimeaswellasherownloveSheadvocatedthemarriagewithlove.Inheritisnotethicalthatpeopleforthefateandregardsthemarriageasakindofdeal.Marriagecannotdependonlove,atthattime,theentireEuropewasabigtransformation;thepeoplehavetoreceivetheaffectioncomingfromreotiyturnadeafeartotheprejudicefromthetradition,andpureforidellove.ThatistheconsraivenaueinJaeAustensmarriae.WhatisreasonforJaneAustenformingthismarriageview?Foronething,itistheinleneofsocialclass.MostwomeninJaesagearetopurueaprofssininwhichyareexcludedfrmtheeproesinsinwhihyareexcludedfromtheseprofessionsandareexpectedtogetmarried.ElinorandMarianneerepresenativeexamplesofgladiesoftheprofessionclass.InSenseandSensibilit,theysocializewithandmarryintothelandedgentry,highersocialclass.womenarenotallowedtoworkinthatsociety.Theyalldependonsuitablemarriageorthegenerosityoftheirmalerelationsforfinancialsupportandhavenoeconomicfeo.Thepersetpligtofyfemalemembersofthegenteclassisaprinciplesubject.Womenwhoarenotwealthareutterlydependentonthefortunes.Inadditiontothemenseconomicsituation,familyobligation-whetheritisthatofthe,,,,orotherrelatives-isoftenthedeterminaionoftheconditionoftheirlives.Forthepurposeofmakingthebestsituationsinwhichtheyeutterlydependentontherelationshipswithmen,thesewomenneedcertainattributes..nlsfetwortsnSensendSensibility1sndaieshrtsTwosisters,ElinorandMarianne,afterfallinginlove,andconstantlysufferedfromfeelingsoffrustrationandheadaches,learnedthattheyshouldkeepbalancebetweensenseandsensibility.Thetwosisters’differentattitudestowardlovereflectedtotallydiffrentreslts.nefirstchapterwecanget“Elino,thiseldest,whoseadicewsso,dastrenghofunderstanding,andcoonssofjudgment,whichqualifiedher,thoughonlynineteen,tobethecounsellorofhermother,andenabledherfrequentlytocounteract,totheadvantageofthemall,thateagernessofmindinMrs.Dashwoodwhichmustgenerallyhaveledtoimprudence.Shehadanexcellentheart;--herdispositionwasafftot,andherfeelingswerestrong;butsheknewhowtogont:itwasaknowedewhichhermothrhadttolear;dwhichoneofhersistershadresolvednevertobetaught.”“Marianne'sabilitieswere,inmyr,qeeqaltoElinor's.Shewassensibleandclever;buteagerineveytin:hersoros,her,couldhavenomoderation.Shewasgeneou,amiale,interestng,shewsevyigbutpd.Thereelnebewenherandhermotherwasstrikinglygreat.”“Elinorsaw,withconcern,theexcessofhersister'ssensibility;butbyMrs.Dashwooditwasvaluedandcherished.encouragedeachothernowintheviolenceoftheirao.Teofgriefwhichoverpoeredthematfirst,wasreewd,wssoht,wascadaginandagan.gaethmvsuptotheirsorrow,seekingincreaseofwretchednessinreflectionthatcouldaffordit,andresolvedagainsteveradmittingconsolationinfuture.Elinor,too,wasafflicted;butstillshecouldstruggle,shecouldherself.Shecouldconsultwithher,dreciehersiseri-awonherarrvl,andtretherwithprpratenin;andcouldstrivetorousehermothertosimilarandencouragehertosimilarforbearance.”AswecanseeElinorisagirlwhohasgreataffectioninheartbutshecancontrolitonthesurface.HersisterMarianneisasensiblegirlwhoisenthusiasticaboutthatshethinksapersonshouldshowhistruefeelingwheneverheisorsad.Bothofthemarenice,butElinorismorematue.Allthesefactspredittheirattitudesofloveandmarriage.4.hersultfheirmarragesThroughthepersonalitiesofthetwosisters,wecouldseethatEdwardandElinorwholovedeachotheratthefirstsightandthenmisunderstandingsandsecularrsistnereaedhapns;wheMaraewholoedandthathewldherbutwasannedknewwhatshouldbetrueloveandfellinlovewithColonelBrandon.Thesetellusthatloveisnotjustamomentofpassionbutalsoaseriestestsintheprocessofbeingloved.Inmarriage,snerefeelins,mutualrespect,individualpersonalityandseareanindispensablefoundation,butinSenseandSensibility,therearetoshowunfortunatemarriageswithoutthingsabove.Thisalsoreflectedwomen’spoorfateinthatAtthattimeallthewomenwhomarriedbecausethoughtmarriagewasthebesttomakealiving.Marriagebasedontruelovecanbetheyae“non-godmatch”inloveandmarriage,butinthisregard,bothmenandwomenshouldthinkofthematureandsensibleaction.Therefore,undercrincodis,andgrafctoncanoecmeunimagiabledifficulties.Itistogetthatmarriageisnotlovewithromanceandpassionbutlsoogtmebigwihechohe..efnsarriageviewsInJaneAustenstime,tearwasnotrealforwomenofthegenteelclassestostrikeoutontheirownorbeindependent.Fewprofessionswereopentothem;fewentrespcedorpaidwellanddgodworkingcondiio.Unmrredwomenalsohadtolivewiththeirfamilies.tstunhearedthataddeed,nfedoenheiress.Whenawomanleavesherwithouttheirapproval,itisserious.Therefore,womanwhodidnotcouldgenerallookforwardtolivingwithherrelativesasa“dependen,sothatmarriageismuchtheofevrgetngoutfromundertheparentalroof.Andawomanwithnocosdrdade.Giventhis,somewomenwerewillingtojustbecausemarriagewastheallowedroutetofinancialoratoescapeanuncongenialsituation.ThebookSenseandSensibilityalsohassignificanteffecttoourmoderneventhoughherthoughtaboutmarriageandlovewasconsideredasthefeminineatthattime.Asforwomesmarriageadvocatesthelove,andthefemalemustbeindpedetandcannottaethemaleascenterinthemrie.ThsisalsoJaeAustesmrrigeviwswhihavetheatulintheModernchangesComparedwiththepast,inthemoderngtchangehastakenpceinpoliticsandtetraditionalidastillheadepinlneonpeoplesmarrigeandlove,whichmaesmodenpeopehaveconfidenceinloveandmarriage.SoJaneAustensworkscanalsobewelcomednpeopleconsidrthestatsofemaleandfemaleandchooeidealmarriage,oftenturnheadtolookattheplotwhichthefemalewritersincludingJaeAsendsrbeoehn20g.6.ConclusionFromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,SenseandbwasJaneAustensfirstpublishednovel.EvidenceshowthatitwasthecontinuingadmirationofJane’sfamilycircleencourageshertokeepbeliefinherworksandtheirpromisingpublications.Jneutn’soel"SenseandSensibility"tellusaboutthetimesinherlif,thatmaieisnotteresltoflove,orevntosurvivebasedonecosdrto,hwvr,uhamusvearaewudbigmsotn.TechratersinJanesnovelsshowus:swgtomaryolyformoneyandstatus,butit’salsofoolishforpeopletomarrywithoutthinkingthefactorsmentionedaboe.Thrfoe,shenotopposedtofortaoodoegesag.edtndbeindependentinthought,politicsandjustbecauseofthesecanbeindependentinlifebutnotonahusbandandrestrictedmen.Shealsostressedtheimportanceofanidealmarriageandtheaffectionofmenandwomenisthefoundationofamarriae.isindeedimprtntinmarriag,butapretargeshemiaonfoendBIBLIOGRAPHY[2]dwrCrln.01heabigCmpnnoaeutn.社.[].普蓝.201奥丁.教版.[4].丁.15[].外社.[5].芙1999].社.[].瑞.15[].上语出.[7].英,公艳.2001社.[].蓉.192.说..[9].虹.198[]海文社AcknowledgementdeepestgratitudegoesfirstandforemosttoprofessorliNing.Shehaswalkedmethroughallstagesofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspre