剑指CET-6：大学生英语能力进阶学习通课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年

剑指CET-6：大学生英语能力进阶学习通课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年Cet-6-1.11-Exercise01

E)Butthemomentumofincandescentlightingdoesnotstopthere.Allofthosespecializedbulbsledtothebuildingofspecializedlightfixtures,fromthedesklampyoustudyby,totheuglybutbelovedhand-paintedChineselampyouinheritedfromyourgrandmother,totheceilingfixtureinyourcloset,tothelightinyourovenorrefrigerator,andtothelightthatthedentistpointsatyou.Itiseasytochangealightbulb,sure,butitishardertochangethebulbanditsfixture.

参考答案:

Changingalightbulbiseasierthanchangingthefixturehousingit.

Cet-6-1.9-Exercise02

C)Thisinconsistencylargelystemsfromafeelingofpowerlessness.“Whenwecan’tactuallyremovethesourceofourfear,wetendtoadaptpsychologicallybyadoptingarangeofdefencemechanisms,”saysTomCrompton,changestrategistfortheenvironmentalorganisationWorldWideFundforNature.

参考答案:

Whenpeoplefindtheyarepowerlesstochangeasituation,theytendtolivewithit.

Cet-6-1.9-Exercise01

D)Partofthefaultlieswithourinnercaveman.Evolutionhasprogrammedhumanstopaymostattentiontoissuesthatwillhaveanimmediateimpact.“Weworrymostaboutnowbecauseifwedon’tsurviveforthenextminute,we’renotgoingtobearoundintenyears’time,”saysProfessorElkeWeberoftheCentreforResearchonEnvironmentalDecisionsatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork.IftheThameswerelappingaroundBigBen,Londonerswouldfaceuptotheproblemofemissionsprettyquickly.Butinpractice,ourbraindiscountstherisks–andbenefits–associatedwithissuesthatliesomewayahead.

参考答案:

Intheirevolution,humanshavelearnedtopayattentiontothemosturgentissuesinsteadoflong-termconcerns.

C)Iwanttosuggestathirdinterpretation.Withoutrulingoutaroleforaggregatedemandorfortheregulatoryenvironment,Iwishtosuggestthatstructuralchangeisanimportantfactorinthecurrentrateofhighunemployment.Theeconomyisinastateoftransition,inwhichthemiddle-classjobsthatemergedafterWorldWarIIhavebeguntodecline.AsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeputitinarecente-bookRaceAgainsttheMachine:“Therootofourproblemsisnotthatwe’reinagreatrecession,oragreatstagnation,butratherthatweareintheearlythroesofagreatrestructuring.”

参考答案:

Theauthorsuggeststhattherecenthighunemploymentrateismainlycausedbyadecreaseofmiddle-classjobs.

Cet-6-1.11-Exercise02

A)Politiciansarefondofpromisingrapidenergytransitions.Whetheritisatransitionfromimportedtodomesticoilorfromcoal-poweredelectricityproductiontonatural-gaspowerplants,politicianslovetotalkbig.Unfortunatelyforthem(andoftenthetaxpayers),ourenergysystemsareabitlikeanaircraftcarrier:theyareunbelievablyexpensive,theyarebuilttolastforaverylongtime,theyhaveahugeamountofinertia(meaningittakesalotofenergytosetthemmoving),andtheyhavealotofmomentumoncetheyaresetinmotion.Nomatterhowhardyoutry,youcan’tturnsomethingthatlargeonadime,orevenafewthousanddimes.

参考答案:

Energysystems,likeanaircraftcarriersetinmotion,havehugemomentum.

Innovation,theelixirofprogress,hasalwayscostpeopletheirjobs.IntheIndustrialRevolutionhandweaverswere______asidebythemechanicalloom.Overthepast30yearsthedigitalrevolutionhasdisplacedmanyofthemid-skilljobsthatsupported20th-centurymiddle-classlife.Typists,ticketagents,banktellersandmanyproduction-linejobshavebeendispensedwith,justastheweaverswere.

参考答案:

swept

H)WhattookplaceafterWorldWarIIwasnottherevivalofa1920seconomy,withitssmallfarmingunits,urbanmanufacturing,andpluralityoflaborers.Instead,the1950ssawthecreationofanewsuburbaneconomy,withapluralityofwhite-collarworkers.Withanexpandedtransportationandcommunicationsinfrastructure,businessesneededtelephoneoperators,shippingclerksandsimilaroccupations.Ifyoucouldread,followsimpleinstructions,andsettleintoaroutine,youcouldfindajobinthepost-wareconomy.

参考答案:

Thecreationofasuburbaneconomyinthe1950screatedlotsofofficejobs.

Cet-6-1.12-Exercise01

H)WhattookplaceafterWorldWarIIwasnottherevivalofa1920seconomy,withitssmallfarmingunits,urbanmanufacturing,andpluralityoflaborers.Instead,the1950ssawthecreationofanewsuburbaneconomy,withapluralityofwhite-collarworkers.Withanexpandedtransportationandcommunicationsinfrastructure,businessesneededtelephoneoperators,shippingclerksandsimilaroccupations.Ifyoucouldread,followsimpleinstructions,andsettleintoaroutine,youcouldfindajobinthepost-wareconomy.

参考答案:

Thecreationofasuburbaneconomyinthe1950screatedlotsofofficejobs.

Cet-6-1.12-Exercise02

M)UsingthelatestCensusBureaudata,MatthewSlaughterfoundthatfrom2000to2010therealearningsofcollegegraduates(withnoadvanceddegree)fellbymoreinpercentagetermsthantheearningsofhighschoolgraduates.Infact,overthisperiodtheonlyeducationcategorytoshowanincreaseinearningswasthosewithadvanceddegrees.

参考答案:

Inthefirstdecadeofthe21stcentury,onlypeoplewithpostgraduatedegreesexperiencedanincreaseinearnings.

Cet-6-1.1-Exercise02

Forthosewhobelievethattechnologicalprogresshasmadetheworldabetterplace,suchdisruptionisanaturalpartofrising______.Althoughinnovationkillssomejobs,itcreatesnewandbetterones,asamoreproductivesocietybecomesricheranditswealthierinhabitantsdemandmoregoodsandservices.

参考答案:

prosperity

O)NickPerks,projectdirectorforClimateSolidarity,believesthissortofactivityiswherethefutureofenvironmentalactionlies.“Usingexistingcivilsocietystructuresornetworksisamoreeffectivewayofcreatingchange...andobviouslytradeunionsareoneofthebiggestcivilsocietynetworksintheUK,”hesays.The“LoveFood,HateWaste”campaignenteredintoacollaborationlastyearwithanothersuchnetwork–theWomen’sInstitute.LondonerRachelTaylorjoinedthecampaignwiththeaimofmakingnewfriends.Ayearon,themeetingshavemadelastingchangestowhatshethrowsawayinherkitchen.“It’salwaysmoreofanincentiveifyou’redoingitwithotherpeople,”shesays.“Itmotivatesyoumoreifyouknowthatyou’vegottoprovidefeedbacktoagroup.”

参考答案:

Existingsocialnetworkscanbemoreeffectiveincreatingchangeinpeople’sbehaviour.

Cet-6-1.10-Exercise01

O)It’simportanttobearinmindthatwhenweofferastructuralinterpretationofunemployment,a“lossofjobs”meansanincreaseinproductivity.Traditionally,economistshavearguedthatproductivityincreasesareagoodthing,eventhoughtheymaycauseunemploymentforsomeworkersintheshortrun.Inthelongrun,theeconomydoesnotrunoutofjobs.Rather,newjobsemergeasoldjobsdisappear.Thestorywetellisthataveragewell-beingrises,andthemorepeopleareabletoadapt,themorewidespreadtheimprovementbecomes.

参考答案:

Increasesinproductivityprovebeneficialthoughsomepeoplemaylosetheirjobstemporarily.

K)CommonGround’slargeresidencesinNewYorkofferinsightintothepossibilitiesforchangewhenhomelesspeoplehavearicharrayofsupports.Inadditiontomoretraditionalsocialservices,residentsalsomakeuseofcommunalgardens,classesinthingslikecooking,yoga,theatreandphotography,andjobplacement.Lastyear,188formerlyhomelesstenantsinfourofCommonGround’sresidences,foundjobs.

参考答案:

ManyformerlyhomelesstenantsinNewYork’sCommonGround’sresidencesgothired.

Cet-6-1.10-Exercise02

F)WhenWattslookedintothehistoryof“thegreatestpaintingofalltime”,hediscoveredthat,formostofitslife,the“MonaLisa”remainedinrelativeobscurity.Inthe1850s,LeonardodaVinciwasconsiderednomatchforgiantsofRenaissanceartlikeTitianandRaphael,whoseworkswereworthalmosttentimesasmuchasthe“MonaLisa”.Itwasonlyinthe20thcenturythatLeonardo’sportraitofhispatron’swiferocketedtothenumber-onespot.Whatpropelledittherewasn’tascholarlyre-evaluation,butatheft.

参考答案:

Astudyofthehistoryofthegreatestpaintingssuggestsevenagreatworkofartcouldexperienceyearsofneglect.

Theexistingpovertylinecouldbeimprovedbyaddingsomeincomesourcesandsubtractingsomeexpenses.Unfortunately,theadministration’sproposalfora“supplementalpovertymeasure”in2011goesbeyondthat.Thenewpovertynumberwouldcompoundpublicconfusion.Italsoraisesquestionsaboutwhetherthestatisticistailoredtofavorapoliticalagenda.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheadministration’sproposalfora“supplementalpovertymeasure”?

参考答案:

Itismadetoservepoliticalpurposes.

Theremaybesomethinginbotharguments,butinmostrichcountriessexismisnolongerthemainobstacletowomen’scareers.Childrenare.Mostwomentakecareerbreakstolookafterthem.Manycareforelderlyrelatives,too.Onestudyfoundthattwo-thirdsofAmericanwomenhadatsomepointswitchedfromfull-timeworktopart-timeorflexibletimetobalanceworkandfamily.Suchchoicesmakeitharderforwomentogaintheexperiencenecessarytomakeittotheverytop.Whatdoestheauthorsayistherealbarriertowomen’scareers?

参考答案:

Theburdenoftakingcareoftheirfamily.

D)Partofthefaultlieswithourinnercaveman.Evolutionhasprogrammedhumanstopaymostattentiontoissuesthatwillhaveanimmediateimpact.“Weworrymostaboutnowbecauseifwedon’tsurviveforthenextminute,we’renotgoingtobearoundintenyears’time,”saysProfessorElkeWeberoftheCentreforResearchonEnvironmentalDecisionsatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork.IftheThameswerelappingaroundBigBen,Londonerswouldfaceuptotheproblemofemissionsprettyquickly.Butinpractice,ourbraindiscountstherisks–andbenefits–associatedwithissuesthatliesomewayahead.

参考答案:

Intheirevolution,humanshavelearnedtopayattentiontothemosturgentissuesinsteadoflong-termconcerns.

Fearcanbeaneffectivewaytochangebehavior.Onestudycomparedtheeffectsofhigh-fearandlow-fearappealsonchangesinattitudesandbehaviorsrelatedtodentalhygiene.Onegroupofsubjectswasshownawfulpicturesof_____teethanddiseasedgums;anothergroupwasshownlessfrighteningmaterialssuchasplasticteeth,charts,andgraphs.Subjectswhosawthefrighteningmaterialsreportedmoreanxietyandagreaterdesiretochangethewaytheytookcareoftheirteeththanthelow-feargroupdid.

参考答案:

decayed

F)Notanylonger.Bythetimewewakeuptothethreatposedbyclimatechange,itcouldwellbetoolate.Andifwe’renotgoingtomakerationaldecisionsaboutthefuture,othersmayhavetohelpustodoso.

参考答案:

Weshouldtakeourfutureintoconsiderationinmakingdecisionsconcerningclimatechangebeforeitistoolate.

Acrosstheboard,Americancollegesanduniversitiesarenotdoingaverygoodjobofpreparingtheirstudentsfortheworkplaceortheirpost-graduationlives.Thiswasmadeclearbytheworkoftwosociologists,RichardArumandJosipaRoksa.In2011theyreleasedalandmarkstudytitled“AcademicallyAdrift,”whichdocumentedthelackofintellectualgrowthexperiencedbymanypeopleenrolledincollege.Inparticular,ArumandRoksafound,collegestudentswerenotdevelopingthecriticalthinking,analyticreasoningandotherhigher-levelskillsthatarenecessarytothriveintoday’sknowledge-basedeconomyandtoleadournationinatimeofcomplexchallengesanddynamicchange.WhatisArumandRoksa’sfindingabouthighereducationinAmerica?

参考答案:

Itfailstopreparestudentstofacethechallengesofmoderntimes.

Forthosewhobelievethattechnologicalprogresshasmadetheworldabetterplace,suchdisruptionisanaturalpartofrising______.Althoughinnovationkillssomejobs,itcreatesnewandbetterones,asamoreproductivesocietybecomesricheranditswealthierinhabitantsdemandmoregoodsandservices.

参考答案:

prosperity

Cet-6-1.13-Exercise02

C)Iwanttosuggestathirdinterpretation.Withoutrulingoutaroleforaggregatedemandorfortheregulatoryenvironment,Iwishtosuggestthatstructuralchangeisanimportantfactorinthecurrentrateofhighunemployment.Theeconomyisinastateoftransition,inwhichthemiddle-classjobsthatemergedafterWorldWarIIhavebeguntodecline.AsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeputitinarecente-bookRaceAgainsttheMachine:“Therootofourproblemsisnotthatwe’reinagreatrecession,oragreatstagnation,butratherthatweareintheearlythroesofagreatrestructuring.”

参考答案:

Theauthorsuggeststhattherecenthighunemploymentrateismainlycausedbyadecreaseofmiddle-classjobs.

Cet-6-1.13-Exercise01

G)Thesecondlineofresearchoftenusedtojustifysingle-sexeducationfallssquarelywithinmyareaofexpertise:brainandcognitivedevelopment.It’sbeenmorethanadecadenowsincethe“brainsexmovement”beganinfiltratingourschools,andthereareliterallyhundredsofschoolscaughtupinthefad.PublicschoolsinWisconsin,Indiana,Floridaandmanyotherstatesnowproudlydeclareontheirwebsitesthattheyseparateboysandgirlsbecause“researchsolidlyindicatesthatboysandgirlslearndifferently,”dueto“hard-wired”differencesintheirbrains,eyes,ears,autonomicnervoussystems,andmore.

参考答案:

Hundredsofschoolsseparateboysfromgirlsinclassontheallegedbrainandcognitivedifferences.

Cet-6-1.8-Exercise02

O)NickPerks,projectdirectorforClimateSolidarity,believesthissortofactivityiswherethefutureofenvironmentalactionlies.“Usingexistingcivilsocietystructuresornetworksisamoreeffectivewayofcreatingchange...andobviouslytradeunionsareoneofthebiggestcivilsocietynetworksintheUK,”hesays.The“LoveFood,HateWaste”campaignenteredintoacollaborationlastyearwithanothersuchnetwork–theWomen’sInstitute.LondonerRachelTaylorjoinedthecampaignwiththeaimofmakingnewfriends.Ayearon,themeetingshavemadelastingchangestowhatshethrowsawayinherkitchen.“It’salwaysmoreofanincentiveifyou’redoingitwithotherpeople,”shesays.“Itmotivatesyoumoreifyouknowthatyou’vegottoprovidefeedbacktoagroup.”

参考答案:

Existingsocialnetworkscanbemoreeffectiveincreatingchangeinpeople’sbehaviour.

Cet-6-1.8-Exercise01

F)Notanylonger.Bythetimewewakeuptothethreatposedbyclimatechange,itcouldwellbetoolate.Andifwe’renotgoingtomakerationaldecisionsaboutthefuture,othersmayhavetohelpustodoso.

参考答案:

Weshouldtakeourfutureintoconsiderationinmakingdecisionsconcerningclimatechangebeforeitistoolate.

M)UsingthelatestCensusBureaudata,MatthewSlaughterfoundthatfrom2000to2010therealearningsofcollegegraduates(withnoadvanceddegree)fellbymoreinpercentagetermsthantheearningsofhighschoolgraduates.Infact,overthisperiodtheonlyeducationcategorytoshowanincreaseinearningswasthosewithadvanceddegrees.

参考答案:

Inthefirstdecadeofthe21stcentury,onlypeoplewithpostgraduatedegreesexperiencedanincreaseinearnings.

Thatis,thesubjects______tohigh-fearwarningsbrushedtheirteethmorecarefullythandidthosewhosawlow-fearwarnings.

参考答案:

exposed

Agenerationago,femalefaceswererareand,eventoday,visitorswalkingthroughthefirstfloorofLeConteHallwillseeafullcorridorofexhibits_____themanydistinguishedphysicistswhomadehistoryhere,virtuallyallofthemwhitemales.

参考答案:

honoring

Cet-6-1.17-Exercise01

Yettherearedoubtswhetherpeoplewatchingtelevision,a“leanback”medium,craveinteraction.Click-throughrateshavebeenhighsofar(around3–4%,comparedwithlessthan0.3%online),butthatmaybearesultofthenovelty.Interactiveadsandviewersmightnotgowelltogether.Howdoestheauthorviewthehithertohighclick-throughrates?

参考答案:

Theymaybeduetothenovelwayofadvertising.

Cet-6-1.7-Exercise01

J)Forsomepeople,thebestsolutionistoliveinacommunalresidence,withspecialservices.Thisisn’tavailableeverywhere,however.InBoston,forexample,homelesspeopletendtobescatteredinapartmentsthroughoutthecity.

参考答案:

Somepeoplethinkthebestwaytohelpthehomelessistoprovidethemwithcommunalhousing.

Cet-6-1.7-Exercise02

K)CommonGround’slargeresidencesinNewYorkofferinsightintothepossibilitiesforchangewhenhomelesspeoplehavearicharrayofsupports.Inadditiontomoretraditionalsocialservices,residentsalsomakeuseofcommunalgardens,classesinthingslikecooking,yoga,theatreandphotography,andjobplacement.Lastyear,188formerlyhomelesstenantsinfourofCommonGround’sresidences,foundjobs.

参考答案:

ManyformerlyhomelesstenantsinNewYork’sCommonGround’sresidencesgothired.

Ascareersandvocationsbecomelessavailableduringtimesof______,adolescentsmaybeespeciallyhardhit.Suchdifficulteconomictimesmayleavemanyadolescentsconfusedabouttheirrolesinsociety.

参考答案:

recession

Cet-6-1.2-Exercise02

Let’ssayyouloveroller-skating.Justthethoughtofstrappingonyourroller-skatesbringsasmiletoyourface.Youalsoknowthatroller-skatingisexcellentexercise.Youhavea______attitudetowardit.

参考答案:

positive

Cet-6-1.18-Exercise02

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.Whatistheauthor’sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

参考答案:

Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

Cet-6-1.18-Exercise01

Howdowefixthisproblem?Itstartswithreformingthephysicianreimbursementsystem.Removethepressureforprimarycarephysicianstosqueezeinmorepatientsperhour,andrewardthemforoptimallymanagingtheirdiseasesandpracticingevidence-basedmedicine.Makeprimarycaremoreattractivetomedicalstudentsbyforgivingstudentloansforthosewhochooseprimarycareasacareerandreconcilingthemarkeddifferencebetweenspecialistandprimarycarephysiciansalaries.Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgiveinordertoprovidebetterhealthcare?

参考答案:

Bridgethesalarygapbetweenspecialistsandprimarycarephysicians.

Cet-6-1.20-Exercise02

“Thegrimeconomyseemstomaketheparticipantskeenerthanevertothink‘outofthebox’inthewaypoetryencourages,”hetoldme.I’mnotsuggestingthatpoetrywillguideourlegislatorstowisdomanymorethanprayerhas.Justthatitmightmakethemalittlemorehuman.Poetryisnosubstituteforcourageorcompetence,butproperlyapplied,itisachallengetoself-certainty,whichwecurrentlyhaveinexcess.Poetryservesasaspurtocreativethinking,areproachtodogmaandhabit,aremedytothecurrentfashionforpledgesigning.WhatwastheimpactofthepoetrysessionontheprogramparticipantsaccordingtoProfessorFilreis?

参考答案:

Itinspiredthemtoviewthingsfrombroaderperspectives.

Cet-6-1.20-Exercise01

Onehundredyearsago,“Colored”wasthetypicalwayofreferringtoAmericansofAfricandescent.Twentyyearslater,itwaspurposefullydroppedtomakewayfor“Negro.”Bythelate1960s,thattermwasovertakenby“Black.”Andthen,atapressconferenceinChicagoin1988,JesseJacksondeclaredthat“AfricanAmerican”wasthetermtoembrace.Thisonewaschosenbecauseitechoedthelabelsofgroups,suchas“ItalianAmericans”and“IrishAmericans,”thathadalreadybeenfreedofwidespreaddiscrimination.WhydidJesseJacksonembracetheterm“AfricanAmerican”forpeopleofAfricandescent?

参考答案:

Itisfreefromracialbiases.

Cet-6-1.19-Exercise02

Acrosstheboard,Americancollegesanduniversitiesarenotdoingaverygoodjobofpreparingtheirstudentsfortheworkplaceortheirpost-graduationlives.Thiswasmadeclearbytheworkoftwosociologists,RichardArumandJosipaRoksa.In2011theyreleasedalandmarkstudytitled“AcademicallyAdrift,”whichdocumentedthelackofintellectualgrowthexperiencedbymanypeopleenrolledincollege.Inparticular,ArumandRoksafound,collegestudentswerenotdevelopingthecriticalthinking,analyticreasoningandotherhigher-levelskillsthatarenecessarytothriveintoday’sknowledge-basedeconomyandtoleadournationinatimeofcomplexchallengesanddynamicchange.WhatisArumandRoksa’sfindingabouthighereducationinAmerica?

参考答案:

Itfailstopreparestudentstofacethechallengesofmoderntimes.

Cet-6-1.1-Exercise01

Ascareersandvocationsbecomelessavailableduringtimesof______,adolescentsmaybeespeciallyhardhit.Suchdifficulteconomictimesmayleavemanyadolescentsconfusedabouttheirrolesinsociety.

参考答案:

recession

Cet-6-1.2-Exercise01Youneedtohavespecialistteacherswho______whattheyknow.Thusoncetheyenterschool,childrenbegintodefinesubjectsanderectboundariesthatneedn’totherwiseexist.

参考答案:

impart

Cet-6-1.3-Exercise01

Agenerationago,femalefaceswererareand,eventoday,visitorswalkingthroughthefirstfloorofLeConteHallwillseeafullcorridorofexhibits_____themanydistinguishedphysicistswhomadehistoryhere,virtuallyallofthemwhitemales.

参考答案:

honoring

Cet-6-1.4-Exercise02

Fearcanbeaneffectivewaytochangebehavior.Onestudycomparedtheeffectsofhigh-fearandlow-fearappealsonchangesinattitudesandbehaviorsrelatedtodentalhygiene.Onegroupofsubjectswasshownawfulpicturesof_____teethanddiseasedgums;anothergroupwasshownlessfrighteningmaterialssuchasplasticteeth,charts,andgraphs.Subjectswhosawthefrighteningmaterialsreportedmoreanxietyandagreaterdesiretochangethewaytheytookcareoftheirteeththanthelow-feargroupdid.

参考答案:

decayed

Cet-6-1.16-Exercise01

Thistypeoflearningisnotconfinedtomuseumsorinstitutionalsettings.Informallearningenvironmentstoleratefailurebetterthanschools.Perhapsmanyteachershavetoolittletimetoallowstudentstoformandpursuetheirownquestionsandtoomuchgroundtocoverinthecurriculum.Butpeoplemustacquirethisskillsomewhere.Oursocietydependsonthembeingabletomakecriticaldecisionsabouttheirownmedicaltreatment,say,orwhatwemustdoaboutglobalenergyneedsanddemands.Forthat,wehavearobustinformallearningsystemthatgivesnogrades,takesallcomers,andisavailableevenonholidaysandweekends.Whatdoestheauthorseemtoencourageeducatorstodoattheendofthepassage?

参考答案:

Makefulluseofinformallearningresources.

Cet-6-1.14-Exercise01

Theexistingpovertylinecouldbeimprovedbyaddingsomeincomesourcesandsubtractingsomeexpenses.Unfortunately,theadministration’sproposalfora“supplementalpovertymeasure”in2011goesbeyondthat.Thenewpovertynumberwouldcompoundpublicconfusion.Italsoraisesquestionsaboutwhetherthestatisticistailoredtofavorapoliticalagenda.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheadministration’sproposalfora“supplementalpovertymeasure”?

参考答案:

Itismadetoservepoliticalpurposes.

Cet-6-1.19-Exercise01

Some50studiesshowthatcompaniesthatcommittosuchaspirationalgoalsaszerowaste,zeroharmfulemissions,andzerouseofnon-renewableresourcesarefinanciallyoutperformingtheircompetitors.Conversely,itwasfoundthatclimatedisruptionisalreadycosting$1.2trillionannually,cuttingglobalGDPby1.6%.Unaddressed,thiswilldoubleby2030.Whatisthefindingofthestudiesaboutcompaniescommittedtoenvironmentalgoals?

参考答案:

Theydomuchbetterthantheircounterpartsintermsofrevenues.

Cet-6-1.4-Exercise01

Thecombinationofcomputationalpowerandengineeringadvanceswilleventuallyenablelower-costin-homecareforthedisabled,______useofdriverlesscarsthatmayreducedrunk-anddistracted-drivingaccidents,andcountlesshomeandservice-industryusesforrobots,fromstreetcleaningtofoodpreparation.

参考答案:

widespread

Cet-6-1.14-Exercise02

Theremaybesomethinginbotharguments,butinmostrichcountriessexismisnolongerthemainobstacletowomen’scareers.Childrenare.Mostwomentakecareerbreakstolookafterthem.Manycareforelderlyrelatives,too.Onestudyfoundthattwo-thirdsofAmericanwomenhadatsomepointswitchedfromfull-timeworktopart-timeorflexibletimetobalanceworkandfamily.Suchchoicesmakeitharderforwomentogaintheexperiencenecessarytomakeittotheverytop.Whatdoestheauthorsayistherealbarriertowomen’scareers?

参考答案:

Theburdenoftakingcareoftheirfamily.

“Aboutonceaweek,IhaveaclientthatwillbringupanewcertificationI’veneverevenheardofandI’minthisindustry,”saidKevinWilhelm,chiefexecutiveofficerofSustainableBusinessConsulting.“It’skindofaWildWest,anybodycanclaimthemselvestobegreen.”Mr.Wilhelmsaidtheexcessoflabelsmadeitdifficultforbusinessesandconsumerstoknowwhichlabelstheyshouldpayattentionto.WhatdoesKevinWilhelmimplybysaying“It’skindofaWildWest”?

参考答案:

Eachbusinessactsitsownwayingreenlabeling.

Cet-6-1.5-Exercise02

Businessesthatattracttopratingscanenjoyrapidgrowth,asnewcustomersareattractedbygoodreviewsand______provideyetmorepositivefeedback.Sogreatistheinfluenceofonlineratingsthatmanycompaniesnowhiredigitalreputationmanagerstoensureafavorableonlineidentity.

参考答案:

subsequently

ConsiderPaulKrugmanwritingbreathlesslyintheNewYorkTimesaboutthe“risingincidenceofextremeevents,”HeclaimsthatglobalwarmingcausedthecurrentdroughtinAmerica’sMidwest,andthatsupposedlyrecord-highcornpricescouldcauseaglobalfoodcrisis.ButtheUnitedNationsclimatepanel’slatestassessmenttellsuspreciselytheopposite.For“NorthAmericathereismediumconfidencethattherehasanoverallslighttendencytowardlessdryness”.Moreover,thereisnowaythatKrugmancouldhaveidentifiedthisdroughtasbeingcausedbyglobalwarmingwithoutat