浙江省台州市上垟乡中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析

浙江省台州市上垟乡中学2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Thefamouswriteroftensaysthathe______somuchwithoutthesupportandencouragementfromhiswife.A.shouldn’tachieve

B.shouldn’thaveachievedC.couldn’tachieve

D.couldn’thaveachieved参考答案：D试题分析：考查情态动词。句意：这位著名作家经常说如果没有他妻子的支持和鼓励他不可能取得如此大的成就。couldn’thavedone不可能已经做了某事，此处指对过去事情有把握的否定推测，故选D。【学法指导】musthavedone表示对过去有把握的肯定推测，“一定是做某事了”；couldn’thavedone表示对过去事情有把握的否定推测，“不可能已经做了某事”。考点：考查情态动词2.Thenewmanagerhopestogetthecompany______itsfeetwithinfivemonths.A.on

B.in

C.to

D.off参考答案：A3..AsfarasIknow,heisalways_____,butwhyhasn’theturnedupsofar?A.inncoent

B.competitive

C.punctual

D.dynamic参考答案：C略4.Youneedn’thave________thespeakerwhenhewasspeaking;therewasenoughtimeafterwardsforyoutoaskquestions.

A.affected

B.disturbed

C.involved

D.interrupted参考答案：D5.Intheearlytimesinthelastcentury,peopleknewthatheatcanbe_______intoenergy.A.translated B.transported C.transformed参考答案：C6.Ibelievethathumancloningiswrong.Ifwetoywithnature,wewillhavetodealwiththe_______.

A.concepts

B.conflicts

C.consequences

D.credits参考答案：C7.

----

You’vedoneverywell.It’sapityyoumissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.

----

Yes,itwasarealpity!_______,I’mfeelingbetternow.

A.Nevermind

B.You’resokind

C.Takeiteasy

D.That’slife参考答案：A略8.Peoplehaveplantedagreatmanytreesinorderto________windandsandinthedesert.A．holddown

B．holdupC．holdback

D．holdout参考答案：C9.Thestonebridge___lastyearisverybeautiful.A.built

B.wasbuilt

C.beingbuilt

D.tobebuilt参考答案：A10.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey________alwayslate.A.weren't

B.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbe

D.wouldn'thavebeen参考答案：A考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老是迟到。wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A项。11.---Withfasteconomicdevelopment,moreandmorepeoplecanaffordavacationabroad.---________.IintendtogotoEuropenextyear.A.Thatsoundsfine

B.Thatgoeswithoutsaying

C.Thatalldepends

D.Nooneknowsforsure参考答案：B12.—______himofftomorrow,oryouwillregretit.

—Iwill.A.Tosee

B.Seeing

C.Ifyoudon’tsee

D.See参考答案：D13.YoucanhardlyimaginehowexcitedIwaswhenthedayIhadbeenlookingforwardto_____atlast.A.coming B.come

C.came D.comes参考答案：C略14.Muchtoour_____,Chinawon51goldmedals,morethananyothernation,atthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.

A.regret

B.delight

C.disappointment

D.sadness参考答案：B略15._______

shefindsoutthatyou’velostherbook?A.Whatabout

B.Howabout

C.Howif

D.Whatif参考答案：D16.Followthesetips,andyourtime

doingresearchontheInternet

muchmoreworthwhile.A.beingspent;willbe

B.spent;willbeC.spent;is

D.havingspent;hasbeen参考答案：B【详解】考查过去分词和时态。句意：遵循这些建议，你花在网上做研究的时间会更有价值。第一空是过去分词作后置定语，填spent；结合句意可知句子用一般将来时态，填willbe。故选B。二、新的题型17.AmemorablescienceprojectIfsomeonetellsyoutorememberaphonenumberoraddress,itfeelslikeaneasytaskatfirst.Yourepeatthenumberstoyourself,eitheraloudorinyourmind.Butafterjustafewsecondsyoumightfindyourselfstartingtodoubtyourownmemory.___36___Thus,itwilltrytothrowawayinformationthatseemsoldorirrelevant.Therearewaysofhelpingourmindsretain(记住)information,however,andinthisactivityyouwillexplorewaysthatweloseandkeepmemories.Short-term,orworkingmemory,isawayofdescribingmostpeople’sabilitiestostoreasmallamountofinformationforabriefperiodoftimeinareadilyaccessibleform._37___Peopledon’thavetostopandthinktoremembersomethinginshorttermmemory.__38___Suchtechniquesincludevisualizing(观察)theinformationinasurprisingwayorlinkingpiecesofinformationtogethersothatoneremindsyouoftheother.Inthecaseofvisualizinginformation,thiscouldbeassimpleasrememberingyouparkedyourcaronthefifthfloorintheDsectionbypicturingfivedogssittinginyourcar!__39___Ifyouneedtopurchasecereal(谷物),milk,fruit,cheeseandeggs,youcouldimaginethecerealinabowl,withmilkpouringoveritandpiecesoffruitontop.Thenimaginecrackinganeggovereverything,andit’sfullofmeltedcheese!Thesemayseemsimpleorevensilly._40___Inthisactivityyou’lltesttherecallofafewfriendsorfamilymembers,andlearnafewtricksforimprovingmemory!A.Therearemanytechniquesforimprovingmemory.B.Ourbrainisalwaysseekingnewandusefulinformation.C.Short-termmemoryhasashortdurationbutisquicklyandeasilyaccessed.D.Inaddition,linkinginformationcouldhelpyourememberyourgrocerylist.E.Retainingthatinformationoverlongerperiodsoftimebecomesdifficultyet.F.Yourshort-termmemoryhasalimitedamountofspacetostoreinformation.G.However,theyareprovedtobegoodwaysforimprovingmemorybyscientist.参考答案：36.B

37.C

38.A

39.D

40.G本文介绍一个值得记忆的科学项目。36.B根据下文：因此，它将试图丢弃那些看起来过时或无关紧要的信息。可知，我们的大脑总是在寻找新的、有用的信息。故选B。37.C根据下文：人们不需要停下来，想在短期记忆中记住一些东西。可知，短期记忆的持续时间很短，但很快就能被访问。故选C。38.A根据下文：这些技术包括以一种令人惊讶的方式可视化信息或将信息链接在一起，目的是让你想起了另一个。可知，有许多提高记忆的技术。故选A。39.D根据下句：如果你需要购买谷物、牛奶、水果、奶酪和鸡蛋，你可以想象一个碗里的谷物，牛奶倒在上面，上面有水果。可知，此外，链接信息可以帮助你记住你的购物清单。故选D。40.G根据上句：这些看起来很简单，甚至有些愚蠢。所以下句应该是一句与上句转折的内容，“然而，事实证明，它们是科学家提高记忆力的好方法。”故选G。此处However表示转折；G项中的they指上文的These方法。三、阅读理解18.Haveyoubeentoldyouhavepenicillinallergy?Didyourparentstellyouthatyouhadareactionasaninfantorchild,soyoushouldnevertakeitagain?Hasitbeensolongsinceyouhadareactiontopenicillinthatyoudon’trememberwhathappened?Ifyoufitanyofthesedescriptionsorarejustnotsureifyouhavepenicillinallergy,there’sgoodnewsforyou:Chancesare,youprobablydon’thaveit.Between10to20percentofAmericansbelievetheyhaveapenicillinallergy,butarecentstudyatMayoClinicfoundthatonly10percentofthosepeoplearetrulypenicillinallergic.Inotherwords,9outof10peoplewhothinktheyhavepenicillinallergyareavoidingitfornoreason.Eveninpeoplewithdocumentedallergytopenicillin,onlyabout20percentarestillallergic10yearsaftertheirinitialallergicreaction.It’snotnecessarilyapermanentcondition.Whyisthisimportant?Aren’ttheremanyotherantibioticsyoucanuseifyouhavepenicillinallergy?Penicillinhasbeenaroundsince1928.Penicillinanditsrelatedmedicinesincludeamoxicillin,methicillinandamoxicillin-clavulnate.Thesemedicinesarehighlyeffectivetreatmentsformanybacterialinfections,suchasstrepthroatandearinfections.Ofcourse,therearealternativeantibiotics,buttheseareoftenmuchmoreexpensiveandcarryahigherriskofsideeffects.Typically,thesealternativeantibioticsarebroad-spectrum,meaningtheyfightmanytypesofbacteria,bothgoodandbad.Thatcanleadtodevelopmentofdrug-resistantbacteria,ordeadly“superbugs”.Thisincreasestheriskforallofusinthefutureofnothavinganeffectiveantibiotictotreatourinfection.Howdoyoufindoutifyouhavepenicillinallergy?Board-certifiedallergistscantestyou.First,theallergistwillgetahistoryfromyouaboutyourpossibleallergy.Typicalquestionsinclude:Howlongagodidyouhavethereaction?Whattypeofreactionoccurred,andhowsoonafteryoutookthepenicillindidthereactionappear?Thetestingisdoneontheforearmbyprickingtheskinwithaneedle.Iftheresultsarenegativeandthereisnoreaction,penicillinwillbeinjectedintheskin.Thesetestsarenotpainful,andresultsareavailablein15minutes.Apositivereactionmayleadtosomeswellinganditchingwherethetestwasplaced,whichusuallygoesawaywithinanhour.Inveryrarecases,anallergicreactionoccurs.Thiscanincludehives,swelling,wheezingand/ordifficultybreathing.Theallergististrainedtotreatthisrareconditionquicklyifithappens.Ifallskintestingisnegative,youmaybegivenanoraldoseofpenicillinintheoffice.Theoraldrugchallengeisusedtoverifythatyoudon’thavepenicillinallergy.Usually,you’llbeobservedintheofficefor30minutestomakesureyouhavenoproblems.Ifyoufindoutyoudon’thaveapenicillinallergy,notifyyourphysiciansthatit’snowsafeforyoutotakepenicillin.Theycantake“penicillinallergy”offyourchartforgood!41.Whatcanweknowaboutpenicillinallergyaccordingtothepassage?A.Mostpeoplebelievethattheyarepenicillinallergic.B.Peoplewithdocumentedallergywillhaveitforever.C.About90percentofpeoplearetrulypenicillinallergic.D.Manypeoplewithinitialallergycanavoiditlater.42.WhichisNOTthedrawbackofthealternativeantibiotics?A.Theycostmuchmorethanpenicillin.B.Theycantreatmanybacterialinfections.C.Theycanresultindrug-resistantbacteria.D.Theyalsofightgoodbacteriawhenused.43.Ifyouhaveapositivereactioninskintests,_______.A.youcan’tleavetheofficewithinanhourB.yourskinissupposedtoswellanditchC.itisnotsafeforyoutotakepenicillinD.you’llbegivenanoraldoseofpenicillin44.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“verify”?A