陕西省安康市2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 含答案解析

2022~2023学年第二学期高二年级期中考试英语本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后。你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whydoesthemandecidetogotoworkbysubway?A.It’sfasterthandriving.B.It’smoreconvenient.C.It’smorecomfortable.2.Whatdoesthewomanexpectthemantodo?A.Takeouttherubbish.B.Cleanthebedroom.C.Collectthedustbins.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Atalaundry.C.Ataclothingstore.4.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Managerandemployee.C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatdoesthemando?A.Anofficeclerk.B.Ashopassistant.C.A.politician.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantoadd?A.Somedrinks.B.Friedeggs.C.Somerice.7.Howsoonwillthemangetthetakeout?A.In20minutes.B.In25minutes.C.In35minutes.听第7段材料，回答第8~10题。8.Howistheweathernow?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.9.WhatdoestheWestLakehave?A.Afreeoutdoortheater.B.Twooutdoorplaygrounds.C.Anindoorplayground.10.Whatwillthecoupledothisevening?A.Gotoenjoyaliveperformance.B.Tellthechildrenabouttheweekendplan.C.Searchforinformationaboutthepark.听第8段材料，回答第11~13题。11.Whatdidthewomandolastweek?A.Shepublishedabook.B.Sheattendedaninterview.C.Shegaveaspeechtochildren.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribethemiddlechildren?A.Selfish.B.Peaceful.C.Independent.13.Whatis.theweaknessoftheyoungestchildreninafamily?A.Theyareaggressive.B.They’renotconsiderate.C.Theyare.stubborn.听第9段材料，回答第14~16题。14.WhatdoesthemanwanttodoonSaturdaynight?A.WatchamoviewithJennifer.B.GooutwithRose.C.Gotoaliveconcert.15.Whereistherestaurant?A.OnPalmStreet.B.On2ndStreet.C.OnPineStreet.16.Whattimedoestherestaurantcloseonweekends?A.At9:00p.m.B.At9:30p.m.C.At10:00p.m.听第10段材料，回答第17~20题。17.WhendidthesecondMudFestivaltakeplace?A.In1997.B.In1998.C.In1999.18.What’sthedifferencebetweenthisyear’sfestivalandthepastones?.A.Itwasheldbothonlineandoffline.B.Visitorscouldswiminthemudpool.C.Therewasamusicpartyonthe,beach.19.Whyisthemudherespecial?A.Ithasplentyofminerals.B.Itisfromtheeasterncoast.C.Ithelpsstopskindisease.20.Whichaspectofthefestivalisthespeakertalkingaboutintheend?A.Itsorigin.B.Itspurpose.C.Itsfuture.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWeallwanttodoourpartinreducingwasteandimprovingthewell-beingofourplanet.Anditdoesrequiresomemindfulnessandeffort.Belowarewaystoreducewasteinandoutofthehome.Preparenow,eatlater.Preparingfoodinadvancecansavemoneyandreducewaste.Spendingafewhoursatthebeginningoftheweekcanreallymakeyourweekrunsmootherbecauseeachdayyourfoodisalreadyreadytogo.Also,bypreparingmealsinadvance,we’rebetterabletouseallthegrocerieswe’veboughtwithoutleavingthemsolonginthefridgethattheygobad.Useareusablewaterbottle.Usingareusablewaterbottlecancutdownonplasticconsumption(消耗).Areusablewaterbottlecanalsohelpkeepyouproperlyhydrated(补充水分)becauseyou’llhaveitonhand.Reusablefoodcontainersareyourfriend.Usingreusablefoodcontainerswillpairnicelywithpreparingfoodinadvance.Thesecontainerscanbeusedandwashedoverandoveragainsoyouwon’tneedtobuyadditionaloptions.Ordersmallportions(份额)wheneatingout.Startingsmallwheneatingoutisagreatwaytopreventfoodwaste!Weunderstandthateatingoutisenjoyable,andthiswayensuresthatyouonlyorderwhatyou’lleat.Also,you’realwaysabletoordermoreifyou’restillhungry.Ifyoudohappentoordertoomuch,boxitupandtakeithomeforlater.Oneortwoofthesetipscanhelpreducetheamountofresourcesandfoodthatgotowasteinyourdailylife.Everystepispositivefortheplanet.1.Whatcanhelpyoureducefoodwasteinthetext?A.Cookingathome. B.Preparingfoodinadvance.C.Keepingfoodinthefridge. D.Buyingfoodeveryday.2.Howcanyoureduceresourceswaste?A.Usesmallcontainers B.Tryreusablethings.C.Eatlaterorout. D.Stayhungry.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducedailyactionsagainstwasting.B.Todescribetheproblemsourplanetisfacing.C.Toshowreaderstipsaboutreducingwaste.D.Tocompareeffectivestepsforprotectingourplanet.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些减少家庭内外浪费的方法，为保护地球尽一份自己的力量。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Preparenow,eatlater.中的“Preparingfoodinadvancecansavemoneyandreducewaste.(提前准备食物既能省钱又能减少浪费。)”和“Also,bypreparingmealsinadvance,we’rebetterabletouseallthegrocerieswe’veboughtwithoutleavingthemsolonginthefridgethattheygobad.(此外，通过提前准备食物，我们可以更好地使用我们买的所有食品杂货，而不会在冰箱里放太久，它们会变质。)”可知，提前准备食物能帮助你减少食物浪费。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Useareusablewaterbottle.中的“Usingareusablewaterbottlecancutdownonplasticconsumption(消耗).(使用可重复使用的水瓶可以减少塑料的消耗。)”和Reusablefoodcontainersareyourfriend.中的“Usingreusablefoodcontainerswillpairnicelywithpreparingfoodinadvance.Thesecontainerscanbeusedandwashedoverandoveragainsoyouwon’tneedtobuyadditionaloptions.(使用可重复使用的食物容器和提前准备食物是很好的搭配。这些容器可以反复使用和清洗，所以你不需要购买额外的选择。)”可知，尝试可重复使用的东西，可以减少资源浪费。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Weallwanttodoourpartinreducingwasteandimprovingthewell-beingofourplanet.Anditdoesrequiresomemindfulnessandeffort.Belowarewaystoreducewasteinandoutofthehome.(我们都希望为减少浪费和改善我们星球的福祉尽自己的一份力。这确实需要一些专注力和努力。以下是减少家庭内外浪费的方法。)”和最后一段“Oneortwoofthesetipscanhelpreducetheamountofresourcesandfoodthatgotowasteinyourdailylife.Everystepispositivefortheplanet.(其中的一两个建议可以帮助你减少日常生活中浪费的资源和食物。每一步对地球都是积极的。)”可推断，文章的主要目的是向读者展示减少日常生活浪费的建议。故选C。BInanincredibledisplayofcompassionandkindness,amanfromTurkeywasspottedtryingtowarmapigeoninthemostcreativeway.SabahattinYılmazwasathomeonechillyday.Afterarainshowerhadpassed,henoticedsomethinglandedonthesill(窗台)outsidehiswindow—acoldandwetpigeon.Theanimalwastremblingandsoaked;itclearlydidn’thavethechancetoseekshelterbeforetherainbegan.Feelingforthepoorpigeon,Yılmazthoughtofawaytodryhimoff.Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmup,Yılmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.Littledidheknowthathisneighborcapturedthewholemomentonvideo.Inthevideo,Yılmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.Thebirdwillinglyletthemanwarmhimup,crouching(蹲伏)tolethisouterfeathersdry.Yılmaztoldthemediathathespentaboutfifteenminutesdryingoffthebird.Hesaidhehadjustopenedhiswindowwhenhesawthepigeonaroundthecornerofthesill.Hedescribeditaswetand“abouttofreeze”fromthecoldandrainyweather.Afterfifteenminutes,Yılmazgavethepigeonbirdseed,whichheatehappily.However,thebirdremainedwetstill.“IsawthatitwasstilltheresoIwarmeditupagain,afterthepigeonrecoveredagain,andaftereatingagoodamountofseed,itflewaway,”Yılmazrecalled.Healsodidn’tknowthathewasbeingrecordedatthetimeandthatthevideowassharedonline.Hesimplydiditoutofthekindnessofhisheart.“Thepigeonisalivingcreatureanddeservedtocontinueliving,thatiswhyIdidit,”hesaid.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anonlinevideoaboutapigeonbecameahit.B.Amanwarmedupawetandcoldpigeon.C.Amaninventedacreativewaytohelpbirds.D.Amanlivesinharmonywithapigeon.5.Whatwasthebird’sreactiontoSabahattinYılmaz’sbehavior?A.Itwasscaredandflewaway.BItwasannoyedandrefusedhishelp.C.Itwasreadytoaccepthisassistance.D.Itwashappytosettleinhishome.6.Whatcanweseefromthevideo?A.AmanwasfilmingYılmaz’skindness.B.Apigeonwasjumpingbackandforthwhendriedoff.CYılmazwaswarmingapigeoninanovelway.DYilmazwasstretchinghisarmstocatchapigeon.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSabahattinYılmaz?A.Indifferentbutcreative. B.Patientandambitious.C.Talentedbutcareless. D.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子SabahattinYılmaz被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inanincredibledisplayofcompassionandkindness,amanfromTurkeywasspottedtryingtowarmapigeoninthemostcreativeway.”（为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。）并结合全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个人暖了一只又湿又冷的鸽子。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inthevideo,Yılmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.Thebirdwillinglyletthemanwarmhimup,crouching(蹲伏)tolethisouterfeathersdry.”（在视频中，可以看到Yılmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。小鸟很乐意让他暖和起来，蹲着让他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，这只鸟对SabahattinYılmaz的行为表明它准备接受他的帮助。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmup,Yılmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.Littledidheknowthathisneighborcapturedthewholemomentonvideo.Inthevideo,Yılmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.”（Yılmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。他不知道的是，他的邻居拍下了整个过程。在视频中，可以看到Yılmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。）可知，我们能从视频中看到Yılmaz正在用一种新奇的方式给鸽子加热。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmup,Yılmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.（Yılmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。）”第四段第一句“Yılmaztoldthemediathathespentaboutfifteenminutesdryingoffthebird.（Yılmaz告诉媒体，他花了大约15分钟把鸟晾干。）”和第五段第一句“Afterfifteenminutes,Yılmazgavethepigeonbirdseed,whichheatehappily.（十五分钟后，Yılmaz给了鸽子食，他吃得很开心。）”可知，用“同情和热心的”最能描述SabahattinYılmaz。故选D。CWhenIzippedthroughelementaryschoolwaybackinthe1950s,inEnglishclasswewereencouragedtoexpressourselvesthroughcreativewriting,publicspeakingorperhapstakingpartinsomeformofdrama.Andaswesharedourcreativitywewereimprovingourcommunicationskills.Theemphasisherewashowbesttoconveyourthoughtsandtalentsasclearlyaspossible.Yetitseemedthatallspokenwordexerciseswerebeingtaughtonlyfromthespeaker’spointofview,withlittleornotimespentteachingthefineartoflistening.Andthatwasamissedopportunitybecauseyoungchildrenareremarkablelisteners.Theytakeinwords,ideasandspeechpatterns,quiteoftenwithoutourawareness.Yetsomewherealongtheway,weteachthemtostoplistening.Perhapstheywouldbenefitfromlessonsinselectivesilence,concentration,whilefocusingonknowinghowtoprocessallincominginformation.Sadly,tothebestofmyknowledge,nosuchprogramsareoffered.Weseemtoallocatelesstimetoactuallylisteningtooneanother.Thereisnoquestionthatweareanationofbadlisteners.Onereasonmightbethefactthatwehavebecomeamuchmorevisualsocietyasresultofexposuretotelevision,theInternetandallmannerofhand-heldwirelessdevices.Wetendtobemoreself-absorbedandprimarilyfocusedonhearingourselvestalkratherthanlisteningtoothers.Iattendedasmallfamilygatheringafewyearsagoandalmosteveryoneexceptmy86-year-oldauntwasconstantlytextingorcheckingemailontheiriPhone.Itmademewonderwhywehadbotheredgettogetherinthefirstplaceaswewerepayingsolittleattentiontooneanother.Wecouldjustaseasilyhavehadanonlineget-together.Listeningisindeedarareandspecialtalent.Andonethattakesalotofpractice.Butonceyouhavegottencomfortablewiththetechnique,youmightfindyournexttete-a-teteawholelotmoremeaningful.Simplylisteningfornuancesinconversationwillprovidesomuchmorecontextandsubstanceforthewordsyouarehearing.Remember,inordertobeinteresting,youmustfirstbeinterested.Andinconversation,youaresupposedtobelistening,notwaitingtotalk.8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheEnglishclassinthe1950s?A.Carefree. B.Tolerant. C.Favorable. D.Objective.9.Whatmightbeareasonthatmakesusbadlistenersaccordingtotheauthor?A.Wehavelesstimetocommunicate. B.Wehaveasenseofself-importance.C.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnology. D.Thelackofcareandunderstandingforothers.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sfamilygatheringafewyearsago?A.Hisauntwasn’tgoodatlistening.B.Hisauntdidn’tlikeattendingfamilygatherings.C.Hisfamilymemberswereengagedinhotdiscussions.D.Hisfamilymembersshowedlittleinterestinoneanother.11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toleaddiscussions. B.Togivesuggestions.C.Tocreateexpectations. D.Tomakecomparisons.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了技术的发展导致我们花在真正倾听对方的时间似乎变少了这一问题，解释了其后背的原因以及倾听他人的建议。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenIzippedthroughelementaryschoolwaybackinthe1950s,inEnglishclasswewereencouragedtoexpressourselvesthroughcreativewriting,publicspeakingorperhapstakingpartinsomeformofdrama.Andaswesharedourcreativitywewereimprovingourcommunicationskills.Theemphasisherewashowbesttoconveyourthoughtsandtalentsasclearlyaspossible.Yetitseemedthatallspokenwordexerciseswerebeingtaughtonlyfromthespeaker’spointofview,withlittleornotimespentteachingthefineartoflistening.(上世纪50年代，我上小学时，英语课鼓励我们通过创造性写作、公开演讲或参加某种形式的戏剧来表达自己。当我们分享我们的创造力时，我们也在提高我们的沟通技巧。这里的重点是如何最好地尽可能清楚地传达我们的想法和才能。然而，似乎所有的口语练习都只是从说话者的角度来教授，很少或根本没有花时间来教授倾听的艺术)”可推知，第一段提到了英语课的好处以及缺点，即作者对20世纪50年代英语课的态度是客观的。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thereisnoquestionthatweareanationofbadlisteners.Onereasonmightbethefactthatwehavebecomeamuchmorevisualsocietyasresultofexposuretotelevision,theInternetandallmannerofhand-heldwirelessdevices.(毫无疑问，我们的国家都是糟糕的听众。其中一个原因可能是，由于电视、互联网和各种手持无线设备的使用，我们的社会变得更加视觉化)”可知，作者认为，是技术的快速发展让我们成为糟糕的倾听者。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Iattendedasmallfamilygatheringafewyearsagoandalmosteveryoneexceptmy86-year-oldauntwasconstantlytextingorcheckingemailontheiriPhone.Itmademewonderwhywehadbotheredgettogetherinthefirstplaceaswewerepayingsolittleattentiontooneanother.(几年前，我参加了一个小型家庭聚会，除了我86岁的姑姑，几乎所有人都在不停地用iPhone发短信或查看电子邮件。这让我很好奇，我们当初为什么要在一起，因为我们对彼此的关注如此之少)”可知，在几年前的家庭聚会中，作者的家人对彼此都不感兴趣。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Listeningisindeedarareandspecialtalent.Andonethattakesalotofpractice.Butonceyouhavegottencomfortablewiththetechnique,youmightfindyournexttete-a-teteawholelotmoremeaningful.Simplylisteningfornuancesinconversationwillprovidesomuchmorecontextandsubstanceforthewordsyouarehearing.Remember,inordertobeinteresting,youmustfirstbeinterested.Andinconversation,youaresupposedtobelistening,notwaitingtotalk.(倾听确实是一种罕见而特殊的才能。这需要大量的练习。但一旦你习惯了这种技巧，你可能会发现你的下一次私下交谈更有意义。简单地听对话中的细微差别会为你听到的单词提供更多的上下文和实质内容。记住，要想变得有趣，你必须首先感兴趣。在交谈中，你应该倾听，而不是等着说话)”可推知，最后一段的目的是给出建议。故选B。DSummeriscoming,andsoonbeacheswillbefullofthesoundsofpeoplehavingfun:splashing(泼洒)inwavesandplayinginthesand.Butimaginefindingaquieterspotofocean.Ifyoucouldstickyourearsunderthewater,youmighthearothersounds.Andmanyofthosesoundsaremadebyfish.PeoplehaveknownthatfishmakesoundssinceancientGreece;thatiswhytheygavesomefishnameslikereddrum,pigfishorcroaker.“They’rebasedonthesoundsthesefishmake,”saidAudreyLooby.ShestudiesfishsoundsattheUniversityofFlorida.Sofar,about1,000fishspecieshavebeenrecordedmakingsounds.Looby’sfavorite-soundingfishistheGulftoadfish.Itmakesanamazingsoundlikeaboatwhistle.Scientistsarenotsurehowmanyfishmakesounds.Somethinkthatitmightbeasmanyas22,000types,abouttwo-thirdsofthe34,000fishspeciesknown.Andthosearejustthesoundsfishmakeonpurpose.Fishsoundsareimportantbecausetheygivealotofinformationaboutwhatisgoingontootherfish,andtoscientists.Ifscientistshearafishchewing,thentheyknowthereisfoodavailable.Thewarningnoisesofcertainfishspeciesgiveinformation,too.Theycantellscientistshowmanyfisharelivingonareefandwheretheyarelocated.Andfishsoundscantellwheretheendangeredspeciesarelocated,too,saidLooby.Fishsoundsmightevenhelppreserveandbringbackfishhabitats.Forexample,scientistswanttotryplayinghealthyfishsoundsinareefthatisdying.Thehealthysoundsmightencouragefishtoreturnandliveinthedyingreef.“Learningaboutfishsoundsletsuslearnaboutunderwaterenvironmentsandhopefullymanagethematthesametime,”Loobysaid.12.Whyaresomefishnamesmentionedinparagraph2?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.TothinkhighlyofancientGreece.C.Tointroduceanewresearch.D.Topresentaruleaboutnamingfishes.13.Whatcanbelearntaboutfishsounds?A.Theyaremadebyaccident.B.Theysoundlikeboatwhistles.C.Theyremainpartlymysterious.D.Theyarefullyexploredscientifically.14.Whatmightfishsoundshelpscientistswith?A.Locatingreefs. B.Recoveringfishhabitats.C.Identifyingspecies. D.Identifyingthetypesofreefs.15.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlyfocuson?A.Thesignificanceoffishsounds.B.Theexplanationoffishsounds.C.Thedistributionoffishsounds.D.Theclassificationoffishsounds.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了鱼可以发出许多声音，解释了鱼如何发出声音以及这些声音的作用。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“PeoplehaveknownthatfishmakesoundssinceancientGreece;thatiswhytheygavesomefishnameslikereddrum,pigfishorcroaker.“They’rebasedonthesoundsthesefishmake,”saidAudreyLooby.(从古希腊开始，人们就知道鱼会发出声音；这就是为什么他们给一些鱼起名，如红鼓鱼、猪鱼或黄鱼。“它们是基于这些鱼发出的声音，”奥德丽·卢比说。)”可知，在第二段提到一些鱼的名字是为了提出鱼的命名规则。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Scientistsarenotsurehowmanyfishmakesounds.Somethinkthatitmightbeasmanyas22,000types,abouttwo-thirdsofthe34,000fishspeciesknown.(科学家们不确定有多少鱼会发出声音。一些人认为可能有多达22000种，大约是已知的34,000种鱼类的三分之二。)”可知，鱼的声音仍然有些神秘。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Fishsoundsmightevenhelppreserveandbringbackfishhabitats.(鱼的声音甚至可能有助于保护和恢复鱼类的栖息地。)”可知，鱼的声音对科学家的帮助在于恢复鱼类的栖息地。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段的“Fishsoundsareimportantbecausetheygivealotofinformationaboutwhatisgoingontootherfish,andtoscientists.(鱼的声音很重要，因为它们提供了很多关于其他鱼和科学家正在发生什么的信息。)”和最后一段的“Fishsoundsmightevenhelppreserveandbringbackfishhabitats.(鱼的声音甚至可能有助于保护和恢复鱼类的栖息地。)”可知，最后两段主要讲的是鱼的声音的意义。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforKeepingAwakeinClassIfyouwanttokeepawakeduringclass,sleepthenightbeforeyourclass.Studentswhodoze(打瞌睡)inclassoftenmissedsleepthenightbefore.Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefensewhenitcomestostayingawakeinclass.____16____Formostpeople,eighthoursofsleepisenoughtogetthroughtheday,butyourbodymayrequiremore.____17____Thiswilltrainyourbodytoknowwhenitneedstobeasleepandwhenitistimetowakeup.Allowyourselftimetorelaxbeforeheadingtobedbyputtingawayyourphone,homework,andotherthingsthatkeepyourmindactive.Gettingenoughhigh-qualitysleepcanhelpyou.Anotherwayistotakeashowerbeforeclass.___18___Thewarmwaterfromyourshowerraisesyourbodytemperature.Thisalsoincreasesyourheartratesoyourbloodtravelsaroundyourbodyfaster.Finally,ithelpsdeliveroxygentoyourimportantorganssoyourbodycanworkatthebestlevelofefficiency.____19____Whenyourbodyisexposedtocoldwater,yourbloodwillflowatahigherpressure,meaningthatyourcirculation(循环)isevenfurtherincreased.Thecoldwaterwillalsohelpwakeyouupbecauseitwillshockyourbody,forcingyoutobreathemoredeeply._____20_____Andthusyouwillbemorementallysharp.A.Havingawarmmealalsoworks.B.Thiswillincreaseyouroxygenintake.C.Performaseriesofmovementsbeforesleep.D.Thishelpsyoufeelrefreshedandawakensyoursenses.E.Forsomeextraenergy,finishyourshowerwithcoldwater.F.Makesuretogetsomeshut-eyeifyouhaveaclassthenextday.G.Keeparegularsleepschedulebygoingtobedatthesametimeeachnight.【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.E20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在课堂上保持清醒的几点建议。【16题详解】根据前文“Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefensewhenitcomestostayingawakeinclass.（充足的睡眠是你在课堂上保持清醒的第一道防线。）”可知，本段强调的是充足的睡眠对上课保持清醒的重要性。F选项“Makesuretogetsomeshut-eyeifyouhaveaclassthenextday.（如果你第二天有课的话，一定要睡一觉。）”符合题意，故选F。【17题详解】根据后文“Thiswilltrainyourbodytoknowwhenitneedstobeasleepandwhenitistimetowakeup.（这会训练你的身体知道什么时候该睡觉，什么时候该起床。）”可知，本段介绍的是要养成规律的睡眠的时间。G选项“Keeparegularsleepschedulebygoingtobedatthesametimeeachnight.（保持有规律的睡眠时间，每晚在同一时间上床睡觉。）”符合题意，故选G。【18题详解】根据前文“Anotherwayistotakeashowerbeforeclass.（另一种方法是上课前洗个澡。）”可知，本段介绍的是上课前洗个澡对保持清醒的好处作用。D选项“Thishelpsyoufeelrefreshedandawakensyoursenses.（这能帮助你神清气爽，唤醒你的感官。）”符合题意，故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“Whenyourbodyisexposedtocoldwater,yourbloodwillflowatahigherpressure,meaningthatyourcirculation(循环)isevenfurtherincreased.（当你的身体暴露在冷水中时，你的血液会以更高的压力流动，这意味着你的循环会进一步增加。）”可知，本段描介绍的是冷水的作用。E选项“Forsomeextraenergy,finishyourshowerwithcoldwater.（为了获得额外的能量，洗完澡后用冷水。）”符合题意，故选E。【20题详解】根据前文“Thecoldwaterwillalsohelpwakeyouupbecauseitwillshockyourbody,forcingyoutobreathemoredeeply.（冷水也会唤醒你，因为它会刺激你的身体，迫使你做更深的呼吸。）”可知，冷水也可以使你增加氧气的吸入量。B选项“Thiswillincreaseyouroxygenintake.（这将增加你的氧气摄入量。）”符合题意，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asweallknow,mostofthetime,somethingweconsiderasaweaknessmightnotbeaweaknessatall!Ididn’tknowituntilIreadastory.Thereisawatercarrierwhohadtwolargebuckets,eachhungononeendofa____21____whichhecarriedacrosshisneck.Oneofthebucketshadacrackinit,andwhiletheotherbucketwasperfectandalways____22____afullportionofwaterattheendofthelongwalkfromthe____23____tothemaster’shouse,thecrackedbucket____24____onlyhalffull.Theperfectbucketwas____25____ofitsaccomplishments,butthepoorcrackedbucketwasashamedofitsown____26____.Itspoketothewatercarrieroneday.“Iwantto____27____toyou.”Thecarrierasked,“Why?”TheBucket____28____,“Becausethiscrackinmysidecauseswaterto____29____allthewaybacktoyourmaster’shouse.Itis____30____becauseofmyweaknessesthatyoudon’tgetfullvalueforyour____31____.”Thewatercarrierfelt____32____fortheoldcrackedbucket,andsaid,“Aswereturntothemaster’shouse,Iwantyouto____33____thebeautifulflowersalongthepath.”Asthey____34____upthehill,theoldcrackedbuckettooknoticeofthesun____35____thebeautifulwildflowersonthesideofthepath.“Didyouknowwhy?I____36____flowerseedsonthepath,andeverydaywhilewewalkbackfromthestream,you’ve____37____themonyourside.”Eachofushasourown____38____weaknesses.Youmaythinkthatyouare____39____oruseless,butsomehowtheseweaknessescanturnouttobea____40____indisguise(伪装).21.A.rope B.pole C.needle D.bag22.A.included B.mixed C.processed D.delivered23.A.river B.spring C.ocean D.stream24.A.arrived B.survived C.approached D.appeared25.A.tired B.proud C.afraid D.sick26.A.impoliteness B.impossibility C.imperfection D.imbalance27.A.explain B.apologize C.attend D.point28.A.replied B.rejected C.reported D.reminded29.A.flowback B.leakout C.boilover D.dryup30.A.surprisingly B.relatively C.definitely D.roughly31.A.participation B.happiness C.effects D.efforts32.A.excited B.grateful C.embarrassed D.sorry33.A.notice B.picture C.smell D.water34.A.went B.run C.flew D.jumped35.A.heating B.warming C.burning D.protecting36.A.carried B.collected C.bought D.planted37.A.cleared B.ignored C.watered D.smelt38.A.expensive B.important C.unique D.rare39.A.inefficient B.independent C.innocent D.incredible40.A.appreciation B.disadvantage C.blessing D.feast【答案】21.B22.D23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.B30.C31.D32.D33.A34.A35.B36.D37.C38.C39.A40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过破桶虽然漏水，但是可以路边的花朵浇水的故事告诉我们大多数时候，我们认为是缺点的东西可能根本不是缺点。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一个挑水的人，他有两个大水桶，每个水桶都挂在一根杆子的一端，杆子挂在他的脖子上。A.rope绳子；B.pole杆；C.needle针；D.bag包。根据上文“Thereisawatercarrierwhohadtwolargebuckets,eachhungononeendofa”可知，这里指挑水的杆子。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个桶上有个裂缝，而另一个桶是完美的，在从小溪到主人家的长途跋涉结束时，它总是能盛满一桶水，而有裂缝的桶只盛了半桶。A.included包含；B.mixed混合；C.processed加工；D.delivered递送。根据后文“afullportionofwater”可知，这里指水桶只能送半桶水。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一个桶上有个裂缝，而另一个桶是完美的，在从小溪到主人家的长途跋涉结束时，它总是能盛满一桶水，而有裂缝的桶只盛了半桶。A.river河流；B.spring春天；C.ocean海洋；D.stream小河。根据后文“walkbackfromthestream”可知，打水是去小溪边，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个桶上有个裂缝，而另一个桶是完美的，在从小溪到主人家的长途跋涉结束时，它总是能盛满一桶水，而有裂缝的桶只盛了半桶。A.arrived到达；B.survived生存；C.approached靠近；D.appeared出现。根据后文“onlyhalffull”可知，有裂缝的桶到家的时候只盛了半桶。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完美的桶为自己的成就感到自豪，而可怜的破裂的桶却为自己的不完美感到羞愧。A.tired疲惫的；B.proud自豪的；C.afraid害怕；D.sick生病的。根据后文“ofitsaccomplishments”指完美的桶为自己的成就感到自豪，故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：完美的桶为自己的成就感到自豪，而可怜的破裂的桶却为自己的不完美感到羞愧。A.impoliteness无礼；B.impossibility不可能；C.imperfection不完美；D.imbalance不平衡。根据上文“butthepoorcrackedbucketwasashamedofitsown”可知，可怜的破裂的桶却为自己的不完美感到羞愧。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想向你道歉。A.explain解释；B.apologize道歉；C.attend参加；D.point要点。根据后文“becauseofmyweaknessesthatyoudon’tgetfullvalue”可知，破桶想为自己的缺点道歉。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：水桶回答说：“因为我身上的这条裂缝会让水一直漏到你主人的家里。”A.replied回答；B.rejected拒绝；C.reported报告；D.reminded提醒。根据后文“Becausethiscrackinmysidecauseswaterto”可知是在回答理由。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：水桶回答说：“因为我身上的这条裂缝会让水一直漏到你主人的家里。”A.flowback逆流；B.leakout泄露；C.boilover发怒；D.dryup干涸。根据上文“onlyhalffull”可知破桶会漏水。故选B。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是因为我的弱点，你的努力没有得到充分的回报。A.surprisingly惊人地；B.relatively相当地；C.definitely肯定地；D.roughly大概。根据后文“becauseofmyweaknes