级城市管理专业英语基础测试

专业英语测试15级城市管理城市竞争力城市化生态城市地下管线1.Undergroundpipelinesincludepipelinesofwatersupply，drainage，electricity，gas，heating，telecommunications，cabletelevisionandsoon．2.Whenthereisaheavyevent，commandersandexpertsinthecitycommandcentercanmakesomedecisionsaccordingtotheanalyzeddatafromrealtimemonitoringofIOT．3.Theexperienceofthepastdecadeshasshownthatconventionalconceptsofurbanplanninganddevelopmentbasedoncontrolandinvestmentinkeyinfrastructurehavenotbeenadequatetocopewiththerapidchanges,financialconstraints,highpopulationgrowth,increasingurbanpoverty,informallanddevelopmentandtheadverseenvironmentalimpactsofurbanization.4.The

rapidurbanizationhashadmanynegativeconsequences:analarmingincreaseintheincidenceofurbanpoverty,theconcentrationofmodernproductiveactivitiesinmajormetropolitanareas,inadequateaccesstohousingandbasicurbanservices,andthedegradationoftheurbanenvironment.5.Theissuesaddressedarerelatedtothemostpressingproblemsofurbandevelopmentword-wide,includingenvironmentaldegradation,uncontrolledurbangrowth,insecurelandtenurefortheurbanpoor,inadequatedecisionmakingandplanningsystems,poorhousingandworkingconditions,inadequateinfrastructure,waterandairpollution,wasteanddeterioratinghistoricareas..6.Wedefinecitycompetitivenessas:theability,incomparisonwithothercompetingcities,providingjob,income,cultureandrecreationalamenities,socialcohesion,governanceandenvironmenttowhichitscurrentandtargetednewresidentsaspire.7.Allkindsoftechnologicalandinnovativeactivitiesaresupportedbyinformationtechnology,soinformationinfrastructureconstructionwillinfluenceefficiencyofinnovation.8.Ingeneral,waterpollutantscanbedividedintoseveralbroadcategoriessuchasacides,heavymetals,toxicchemicals,etc.9.However,recentdevelopmentsinU-technologiesandprogresstowardsdevelopmentofinfrastructuresandU-serviceshaverevealedthatwithoutanefficienturbanmanagementsystemitisnotpossibletoformU-cities.10.Inadditiontoincreasingdemandsonscarceenergyresources,thesecostsincludedeteriorationinenvironmentalquality,trafficcongestion,accidents,misuseofscarc