牛津英语模块5unit2词汇课件

Unit2TheenvironmentWelcometotheuniteconomyeconomicaleconomicallyeconomicseconomicsmismeconomizereconomistpoliticaleconomyindividualeconomynationaleconomycentrallyplannedeconomyInternationaleconomicandtrade经济,节约经济地,经济学地经济主义经济学者,经济家政治经济学个体经济国民经济中央计划经济国际经济与贸易节约的,经济的经济学节约者environmentenvironmentalenvironmentalistenvironmentalisticenvironmentaltransitionadjusttoanewenvironmentbeautifytheenvironmentinhabitedenvironmentn.环境,外界adj.周围的,环境的n.环境论n.环境保护论者,环境论者,adj.环境保护论者的,环境论者的环境变迁适应环境美化环境居住环境debate⑴vt.&vi--formaldiscussionatapublicmeeting搭配：debate（about）sth.withsb.

debatewh-+tododebatewithoneself独自考虑，心中盘算 ⑵n.辩论，争论eg.1.他们正在争辩什么？_______________________________________2.他们正在讨论去还是不去。_________________________________________3.我们必须就这件事和父母讨论一下。__________________________________.拓展：beyonddebate 无可争辩openadebate 展开争辩 holdadebate 举行争辩 awarmdebate 激烈的争辩Whataretheydebating?Theyaredebatingwhethertogoornot.Weshoulddebatewithourparentsaboutit.underdebate正在辩论中layvt.产卵，下蛋，放置，摆放（laid,laid）lie(撒谎)----lied---lied--lyinglie（平躺）---lay---lain--lyingeg.不要把你的外套放在床上___________________________________________Mybrother______thehenaside,saying,“Itdoesn’t_____wellthesedays,perhapsitissick.A.lay,layB.lied,layC.laid,lie D.laid,lay拓展：layaside把----放在一边，储存（某物）待用layoff解雇（工人）layout摊开，摆出Don’tlayyourcoatonthebed.请根据句子意思，用lay或lie的正确形式填空。Please_______thebookwhereit_______.Thelittleboy_______thathe_______theegg_______bythehen_______underthetreeinthebox.lay

lay

liedhadlaidlaidlying拓展放重点在……上b.摆设餐具c.归罪于 d.暂时解雇 e.储蓄Pleaselaythetablefordinner.Thecouplelaidasidesomemoneyfortheiroldage.Thepresident

laidgreatemphasisonwouldpeace.Don’tlayalltheblamefortheaccidentonme.Someworkerswerelaidoffbecauseofashortageofmaterials.inaddition另外，加之，又”，adv---besidesoraswell。Hehadnotimetopreparethislecture,inaddition,hewasunwell。Therewasabigearthquakeand,inaddition,therewereterribletsunamis.Inaddition,thereisonemorepointIwouldliketomake.inadditiontoprep，“加之，除了…之外”HespeaksFrenchinadditiontoEnglish.Inadditiontothesandwiches,AuntMarygaveuscookiestobringtothepicnic.Whenhefelloffhisbike,hehurthisarmand,_________________________hisglasses.他从车上摔下来，摔伤了，胳膊，还摔坏了眼镜。Therewasanearthquakeand,__________(另外)therewerehugewaves.HespeaksFrench_______________English.（除了英语以为）inadditiontoinadditioninadditiontowipedoutwipeout在“扫除，消灭”，“擦洗…的内部，雪耻”Ihopethattheterriblescenewillbewipedoutfromthelittleboy’smemory.Itisreportedthattheimportedplantwillwipeoutsomeoftheoriginalspeciesthere.Alltheinformationsavedinthecomputerwaswipedoutbythevirus.Thedeadlydiseasealmostwipedouttheentirepopulation拓展:a.（把溅出的水等）抹掉 b.擦掉c.擦去（眼泪等） d.把…擦干Willyoupleasewipeoffthedrawingfromtheblackboard?Pleasewipeupthatspiltcoffee.She

wipedhertearsaway

withherhandkerchief.Pleasewipe

theglassesdry.cutbackoncutbackon意为“削减，缩减，减少”。They’vealreadycutbackproductionbytwentypercent.Youhavetocutbackonspending.拓展:a.切碎b.插嘴c.切断（电力、煤气、自来水等）d.剪下e.使孤立 f.砍倒Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseoftheterriblestorm.Theyshouldn’thavecutdownthoseyoungtrees.Tomakethedish,youshouldfirstcutupthevegetablesintosmallpieces.HecutoutanarticleaboutLiuxiangfromthenewspaper.ThemomentIbegantospeak,hecutin.Thevillagewascutoffbytheheavysnow.cf ad beapproach⑴vt&vi接近，靠近，着手处理eg1.______________________________教师节快到了。2.Heisamanhard___________________.他是个难以接近的人。3.She__________everythinginapeculiarway.她处理问题方式很怪。⑵n.[u]靠近，临近[c]通路，入口，方法，途径（常和介词to连用）Ilikeher___________totheproblem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。拓展makeapproachestosb.设法接近 approachsb.on/aboutsth.与打交道 beeasyofapproach（人容易接近；(地方)容易到达，交通方便Teachers’dayisapproaching.toapproachapproachesapproachproductionproductionun，意为“生产，产出，产量，生产量”Thecompanyisfamousfortheproductionofmobilephones.Productionhasbeenincreasedbyusingbettermethods.Thistypeofcarsisproducedinmassproduction.producev，“生产”；“productive”adj，意为“多产的”；product，cn.意为“产品，生产物”，如：Whatarethechieffarmproductsinyourprovince?beneficialbeneficialadj，意为“有益的，有利的，有帮助的”，“bebeneficialto…”，意为“对……有帮助的”，Enoughsleep,goodfoodandsomeexercisearebeneficialtothehealth.Ihopethisholidaywillbebeneficialformyhusband,whoisunderhighpressureofwork.beneficialbenefitn,v，“利益，帮助，恩惠，益处”，beofbenefitto，“对……有裨益”；forthebenefitof，“为了……的利益”，Igotalotofbenefitfromtravelingaroundtheworld.Thesecollectedmoneywillbeusedforthebenefitofthepeoplefromflood-strickenareas.benefitvtvi“有益于；对…有益，因…得到利益”。effectiveadj，“有效的”，Thelocalgovernmenthasalreadytakensomeeffectivemeasuretodevelopthecitywithoutdamagingtheecosystem.Thismedicineishighlyeffectiveagainstbird-flu.ThenewlawbecomeseffectiveonOctober1st.effective-----“moreeffective”---“themosteffective”。effectivelyadv，“有效地”。反义词ineffective，“无效的”；effectn，“功效，作用”，havea/an…effecton…，“对…产生…的作用”Thismedicinehadagood/abad/aside/anill/aninstant/anegativeeffectonthatpatient.Punishmenthadverylittleeffectonthosefactories,whichcreatedharmfulwaste.Theplansofprotectingtheendangeredanimalswillsoonbecarriedintoeffect.willingwilling是形容词，意为“乐意的，自愿的”Areyouwillingthatheshouldbeadmittedintoourclub?Aretheywillingworkersforenvironmentalprotection?willingly，adv“乐意地”，“willingness”，n,“心甘情愿”，Hegaveuphisseattotheoldladywillingly.opentheflooropenthefloor意为“自由发言”。如：Theclubmembersopenedthefloorfortheirdiscussionwhethertheyshouldgiveuptheplanornot.拓展-a.告知，表明 b.开火 c.展现 d.开张 e.以…开始 f.展开，打开。Thelovelyviewopenedoutbeforeoureyes.Heopenedhishearttothegirl.Mydreamisto

openarestaurant.TheRedArmymenopenedfireattheenemy.He

opened

outafoldingmapforallofusandbeganhisstory.Thestoryopenedwithalovestorybetweenaprinceandaprincess.cad bfefloor发言权nhave/get/obtainthefloor得到发言权takethefloor发言Hedidn’tgetthefloorAtlastthechairmantooktheflooraskforthefloor要求发言beonthefloor正在发言中givethefloorto给予发言权runoutof/runout

runoutof意为“用完，耗尽”。如：Ihaverunoutofmypocketmoney.＝Mypocketmoneyhasrunout.Wearerunningoutoffuel.＝Ourfuelisrunningout.拓展:褪色b.逃出，逃跑c.撞上d.偶然遇见e.发烧f.追赶 g.连续跑Luckily,theyranawayfromthefire.Iranacrossoneofmyoldfriendsinthestreetthismorning.Thetwopolicemenarerunningafterathief.ThecolorofthisT-shirtrunseasily.Hiscarranintothepost.Thelittlegirl

ranahighfever.Hewillrunonforhoursifyoudon’tstophim.bdf acegshock⑴vt.使震惊，使震动eg.Itshockedmetothinkhowclosewehadcometobeingkilled.想到我们差一点丧命，我就非常害怕。 _________________________________他的所作所为让我们很震惊。⑵n.[c]令人震惊的事件（情况）消息_____________itistohearthatthefactorywouldhavetoclose.A.WhatashockB.WhatshockC.HowashockD.Howshockwhathehaddoneshockedusmost.disappointeddisappointvt“使失望”disappointedadj，“失望的，沮丧的”bedisappointedat/about/with，意为“对…而感到失望”，bedisappointedtodosth.，“做…而感到失望”Theresultoftheexperimentreallydisappointedus.Pleasedon’tdisappointme.Whatareyoulookingsodisappointedabout?Hewasdisappointedtohearthenewsthathisvisawasrefused.Weweredisappointedthatourteamhadlostthegame.disappointingadj，“让人失望的，令人扫兴的”，Howdisappointingtheweatherthissummeris!disappointmentn，“失望，灰心，扫兴”，Whenheheardthebadnews,hisdisappointmentwasobvious.Muchtomydisappointment,thepicnicwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather.否定前缀主要有dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir-和un-，可译成汉语“非”、“无”、“不（是）”、“未”.dis-常加在名词、形容词、动词之前。

agreement(同意；一致)—disagreement(分歧；不一致)

advantage(优势；有利条件)—disadvantage(不利条件；缺点)

honest(诚实的)—dishonest(不诚实的)

like(喜欢)—dislike(不喜欢)

appear(出现)—disappear(消失)

2.im-常加在以字母m-,p-开头的形容词之前。如：

moral（道德的）—immoral(不道德的)

possible(可能的)—impossible(不可能的)

polite(有礼貌的；客气的)—impolite(无礼的；粗鲁的)

3.un-常加在名词、形容词、副词之前。如：

happiness（幸福—unhappiness不幸福usual(通常的)—unusual不寻常的；罕见的important(重要的)—unimportant(不重要的)

friendly(友好的)—unfriendly不友好的；不友善的healthy(健康的)—unhealthy(不健康的；不益于健康的)

crowded(拥挤的)—uncrowded(不拥挤的)

able(能；会)—unable(无能的；不会的)

fair(公平的；公正的)—unfair(不公平的；不公正的)

familiar(熟悉的)—unfamiliar(不熟悉的；没有经验的)

necessary(必要的)—unnecessary(不必要的)

fortunately(幸运地)—unfortunately(不幸运地)

4.in-常加在名词、形容词之前ability（能力）—inability（无能；无力）

correct（正确的）—incorrect（不正确的）

5.ir-常加在以r-开头的形容词前

regular（规则的）—irregular（不规则的；不规律的）

closelyadv.强调程度上“严密地，紧密地，相似地，仔细地。closeadj.&adv.强调空间距离上近。Don’tstandtoo______tothedog.别离狗太近。Helistened______tome.他仔细地听我讲话。Wewereso_______packedintheliftthatIcouldhardlymove.我们紧紧地挤在电梯里，我几乎动弹不了。closecloselyclosely.limitedlimitedadj，“有限的”Hisknowledgeofhistoryisratherlimited.Thelimitededitionmadethestampmovevaluable.Youshoulddrivewithinthelimitedspeedinthisarea,otherwiseyou’llbefined.limitn，“极限，限度，界限”Thetaskistoomuchforme.Iknowmylimits.Herpatiencereacheditslimit.Ifonlythebankswouldlendmoneywithoutlimit?limitv，意为“限制，限定”。limitsb./sth.tosth.，意为“把…限制在…内”。如：Wemustlimittheexpensetowhatwecanafford.Motherlimitedustoanice-creameach.decrease减少，减小（反义词：increase）decreasein… 在……方面减少decreaseby… 减少（数量）decreaseto…减少到（结果）e.g._________growthisdecreasing_______1.4%eachyear. 每年人口的增长减少了1.4%。Thebossisgoingto________________________老板准备减少他的报酬。Themembershipdecreased________150.会员数减少到150人。Since1945,airforceshavedecreased_________1945年以来，空军的数量已经有了减少。Populationbydecreasehiswage/paytoinnumber

raisevt，“引发；提出a.饲养（家畜等）b.筹款，筹措 c.举起，抬起 d.建立，建造 e.抬高，提高Pleaseraise

yourhandsifyouarefortheplan.Hisfather

raised

hisvoiceinanger.Thefarmer

raised20pigsandsomechickens.They

raisedenoughmoneyfortheenvironmentalproductionproject.Theyplannedtoraiseamonumentforthedead.Keys:ce abdraisevt，(raised，raised；raising)Risevi，(rose，risen；rising)Practice:1.Hetoldusthathe__________________byhisaunt.2.Asweallknow,thesun_____________intheeastandsetsinthewest.3.Theriver____________3inchessinceitrained.4.Hestoodtherewithhisrighthand_______________.5.Agreatnumberofnations_______________andfellinthecourseofhistory.6.Thepriceofacupofcoffee_____________________bytencents.7.Isawtears___________tohereyes.8.He________________tohisfeet,______________hisvoiceinanger.wasraisedriseshasrisenraised

hasrisen/hasbeenraised

roserising

roseraising

equipment

un，“设备，器材，装备”What’sthecostofequipment?We’llvisitafactorywithmodernequipmentthisafternoon.Hespentmuchtimeandmoneyontheequipmentofhisnewhouse.equipv，“装备于…，使…本身具备”，(equipped、equipped，equipping)Shallweequipourofficewithaprinter?Wefoundournewschoolequippedwithdifferentkindsofsportsfacilities.Themorewelearn,themoreequippedfordealingwithallkindsofproblemsinthemodernsocietywebecome.pickout挑出,找出,了解、领会Heisalwaysquickinpickingoutthemeaningofapassage.拓展:a.挑三拣四 b.驾去接某人c.恢复健康 d.遭扒窃 e.偶然获得 f.采花ShallIpickyouupatthestation?Ihadmypocketpickedyesterday.Theboywascaughtpickingflowersinthegarden.Don’tpickandchoose.Weareshortofmoneythesedays.Ithinkhe’llpickupsoon.Hepickeduptheinformationinamostunlikelyplace.Keys:bd fa ceconcern⑴.vt.与……有关，关系到，使有关，使担心

beconcernedaboutsth. 担心，忧虑

concernoneselfabout/withsth.使自己关心……e.g.Don’t________yourself_______otherpeople’saffairs.别干涉他人的事。so/asfarassb./sth.beconcerned就----而言拓展：concernedadj. 忧虑的（前置定语、表语），concerningprep.关于e.g.______________________忧虑的家长a____________________ 忧虑的表情____________youradvice,Iamthinkingaboutit.It’saquestion___________________________________这是个关于他个人生活的问题。concernaboutconcernedparentsconcernedlookConcerning.concerninghisprivatelifetakeintoconsiderationtake…intoconsideration“考虑到某事”Wemusttaketheweatherintoconsiderationfirstwhenclimbingmountains.beunderconsideration“正在考虑中”Whentobegintheplanofexchangestudentsisunderconsideration.leave...outofconsideration“对…不加考虑”Thereisoneimportantfactthathasbeenleftoutofconsideration.showconsiderationfor“体谅”Heshowsmuchconsiderationforhiswife.inconsiderationof“考虑到…，顾及…”Inconsi