辽宁省鞍山市第二十五中学2022-2023学年高三英语期末试卷含解析

辽宁省鞍山市第二十五中学2022-2023学年高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.一Ifsomeone______methemoney,I’dbuyanIpadtomorrow.—I’mafraidthat'simpossible.A.hadgiven

B.wouldgiveC.gives

D.gave参考答案：D略2.SincehisworksearnedhimquiteareputationinLiverpool,hehasstayedtheremostofhislife,____theoccasionalvisittohishometown.A.apartfrom

B.butfor

C.regardlessof

D.insteadof参考答案：A3.You'dbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor______youhavetowait.

A.evenif

B.asif C.incase

D.inorderthat参考答案：C解析：此题考查了连词。根据句子的意思：当你去看病的时候，最后带上一些读的东西，以防要等好长时间。短语incase的意思为“以免”。4.—Howdisgustingtheweatheris!It________fornearlyaweek.—Idon’tlikerainydayseither.However,therainyseasonusuallylastsaboutamonthhere.A.hadrained B.willberaining C.hasbeenraining D.wasraining参考答案：C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——多讨厌的天气啊！雨已经下了将近一个星期了。——我也不喜欢雨天。然而，这里的雨季通常持续一个月左右。根据后文fornearlyaweek可知表示过去发生的动作持续不间断地发生应用现在完成进行时，主语为it，故助动词用has。故选C。5.The____ofhangingclothesacrossthestreetisacommonsightinmanypartsofthecity．A．routine

B．procedure

C．reference

D．practice参考答案：D【知识点】名词解析：A．routine

日常工作B．procedure过程C.reference

参考

D．practice练习，惯例；句意：在城市里的许多地方，把衣服挂在街上的惯例（做法）是一种常见景象。6.—Couldyoutellmethe____

ofmakingsuchtastycakes?—Well,Ijustfollowthedirectonsinthecookbook.A.feature

B.plan

C.cost

D.trick参考答案：D7.Onlywhen________toexplain____thereasonforthis.A.didhestart;sherealized

B.hestarted;didsherealizeC.didhestart;shehadrealized

D.hestarted;hadsherealized参考答案：B8.Withthelivingexpenseincreasingrapidly,I,afreshclerkinacompany,havetotakethreepart-timejobs,which_____aboutextra$4,000ayear．

A．bringin

B．takein

C．getin

D．putin参考答案：A略9.The_______youneedforataskarethequalitiesandskillsthatyouneedtobeabletodoit.A.qualifications

B.motivations

C.objectives

D.standards参考答案：A10.BarackObamadeliveredaspeechto500localyouthsduringhisvisittoChina，manyof

werefromFudanUniversityandTongjiUniversity．A．them

B．whom

C．which

D．those参考答案：B11.Thesoldierraisedhisgunandcalmly______itattheenemycommander，fired.A．aiming

B．aimed

C．toaim

D．aim参考答案：28．A

考察非谓语，句中raised和fired用and连接，做并列谓语，aiming做状语。略12.Knowledgebeginstoincreaseassoonasoneindividualcommunicateshisideasto_______bymeansofspeech.A.other

B.another

C.theother

D.someother参考答案：B13..---HaveyouheardaboutAppleiPone4?

---Sure.Itisveryhotthesedays.I’mthinkingaboutgetting_______.A.themB.oneC.it

D.that

参考答案：B略14.Theteacherspokehighlyofsuch______ashonesty,courageandfaithfulnessshownbyhisstudents.A.deeds

B.characteristics

C.features

D.virtues参考答案：D15.Ifeelsoexcited!AtthistimetomorrowmorningI

toShanghai.A.

willbeflying

B.

willfly

C.

havebeenflying

D.

haveflown参考答案：A略16.Sometimesthebestisnotavailabletous,andwejust______theexistingsituation.A.settlefor

B.substituteforC.answerfor

D.makefor参考答案：A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时我们得不到最好的，我们只能满足于现状。A.settlefor勉强接受；B.substitutefor取代；C.answerfor对……负责；D.makefor朝……前进。由“notavailabletous,”和“just”可知，settlefor符合语境。故A选项正确。二、完型填空17.Todaythescientificcommunityisinalmosttotalagreementthattheearth’sclimateischangingandthatthisrepresentsahugethreattotheplanetandtous.Accordingtoasurvey,withonly69%acceptingtheearthiswarming—only1in4Americansseeglobalwarmingasamajorthreat,publicopinion___36_____thescientificconclusion.Climatescientistsandcampaignershavelongdebatedhowtobettercommunicatethemessagetononexpertssothatclimatesciencecanbe__37______intoaction.AccordingtoChristopherRapley,theusualtactic(策略)ofclimateexpertstoprovidethepublicwithinformationisn’t__38______because“itdoesnotaddresskeypotentialcauses.”Weareallexposedtotheevidenceofclimatechangeonanalmostadailybasis.Theinformationisalmost__39_________.Thenwhat’swrong?__40_____ourbrains.DanielGilbertmentionedourbrains’failuretoaccuratelynoticegradualchange.RobertGiffordalso_41________thepointaboutourbrains’difficultyingraspingclimatechangebecauseoflimitedcognitionandsocial_42_____

withotherpeople(“WhyshouldwechangeifXwon’t?”)“Amorepowerfulbarrieristhe__43___ofperceived（感知的）behavioralcontrol;‘I’monlyoneperson;whatcanIdo?’iscertainlyabigone.Formany,thefirstchallengewillbeinrecognizingbarriers_44____theycanovercomethem”Butforthoseofuswhounderstandthatclimatechangeisaproblemyetmakelittleefforttocutthenumberofoverseastripswemakeortheamountofmeatweconsume,neithertheuncaringattitudenordenialreallyexplainsthe___45____betweenouractionsandbeliefs.Lertzmanhascometotheconclusionthattheconflictbetween____46___

boththeplanetandourwayoflifeistoopainfultobear.“Whenwedon’t__47____thepainofthat,that’swhenweget_48____andcan’tmoveforward.”Lertzmanreferstothis_49____as“environmentalmelancholia(忧郁症),”andpointsoutthatthere’salottobesaidforprovidingameans_50____acceptabletotalkabout.”RosemaryRandallsuggeststhatclimatechangeissucha(n)___51____subjectthatit“canraisefearsandanxietiesthatpeoplefeelhaveno__52___inpoliteconversation.”Lertzmansaysthecommunityhasbeenslowtorealize

thevalueofpsychology.Giffordsaysotherwise,___53____—“climatechange,andnotmentalhealth,isthebiggestpsychologicalproblem”.Despitethepain,shame,difficultyinfullyaddressingclimatechange,bothLertzmanandGiffordarestill__54___aboutourabilitytofaceuptothechallenge.“Therecan’tbeanythingaboutthehumanmindthatstopsusstrugglingwiththeseissues,giventhatsomanypeople__55____are—maybethat’swhatweshouldbefocusingoninstead.”saysLertzman.36.A.accountsfor

B.fallsbehind

C.wishesfor

D.leavesbehind37.A.translated B.sprung C.forced D.sent38.A.revolutionary B.detailed C.popular

D.enough39.A.unreliable B.unbearable C.unacceptable D.unavoidable40.A.Submit B.Control C.Blame D.Curse41.A.picksupon

B.getsdownto C.throwsbackon D.looksupto42.A.connections

B.comparisons C.competence D.development43.A.sense

B.problem

C.lack D.effect44.A.if B.though C.before D.since45.A.relationship B.disagreement C.gap D.balance46.A.caringabout B.takingon C.fightingagainst D.puttingaway47.A.feel B.process C.remember D.hide48.A.hit B.puzzled C.stuck D.stressed49.A.conflict

B.event C.hesitation D.inability50.A.socially B.environmentallyC.culturally D.morally51.A.complex

B.controversial C.awkward D.disturbing52.A.idea B.goal C.place D.choice53.A.somehow B.however C.therefore D.either54.A.optimistic B.concerned C.cheerful D.encouraged55.A.equally B.still C.especially D.already参考答案：36-40BADDC

41-45ABCCB

46-50ABCDA

51-55DCBAD本文属于记叙文阅读，文章告诉我们气候变化是一个“会引起恐惧和和担忧的人们感觉在不应该在礼貌的交谈中发生”的主题，同时建议人们对气候变化应抱有一种健康积极的心理。36．B考查动词短语。短语accountsfor“占…比例”；fallsbehind“落后于”；wishesfor“祝福”；D.leavesbehind“留下”。根据前面的数据可知人们的观点是落后于科学结论的。故选B。37．A考查动词短语。动词translated“转变为”；sprung“蹦跳”；forced“强迫”；sent“送”。translateinto“转变为…”句意：以便气候科学能被转变为行动。故选A。38．D考查形容词辨析。形容词revolutionary“革命的”；detailed“详细的”；C.popular“流行的”；enough“足够的”。根据后文itdoesnotaddresskeypotentialcauses“没有提出关键的潜在原因”可知提供的信息是不足够的。故选D。39．D考查形容词辨析。形容词unreliable“不可靠的”；unbearable“难以忍受的”；unacceptable“无法接受的”；unavoidable“不可避免的”。句意：这信息几乎是不可避免的。故选D。40．C考查动词辨析。动词submit“主张”；Control“控制”；blame“责备”；Curse“诅咒”。句意：这是怎么了？责备我们的智力吧。故选C。41．A考查动词短语。短语pickupon“注意到”；getdownto“着手处理”；throwbackon“迫使”； lookupto“尊敬”。句意：罗伯特·吉福德还注意到一点。故选A。42.B考查名词辨析。名词connections“关系”；comparisons“比较”；competence“能力”；development“发展”。Comparisonswith“与…的比较”。句意：有限的认知和与其他人的社会比较。故选B。43．C考查名词辨析。名词sense“意识”；problem“问题”；lack“缺乏”；effect“影响”。句意：一个更强大的障碍是感知的行为控制的缺乏。故选C。48．C考查过去分词用法。动词get与过去分词连用，表示被动或者一种状态。过去分词hit“打击，袭击”；puzzled“困惑的，茫然的”；stuck“被卡住的，不能动的”；stressed“紧张的；感到有压力的”。短语getstuck被卡住；句意：当我们不处理那样的痛苦的时候，就是我们被卡住不能前进的时候。故选C。49．D考查名词辨析。名词conflict“冲突，矛盾”；event “事件，大事”；hesitation “犹豫”；inability“无能力，无才能”。句意：Lertzman把这种无能为力称作忧郁症。故选D。50．A考查副词辨析。副词socially“在社会上，在社交方面，善于交际地”；environmentally“有关环境方面”；culturally“从文化角度，文化意义上，在人文学方面”；morally“道德上，有道德地，确实地”。句意：还指出，对于提供一种被社会广泛接受的谈论的方法，还有很多需要讲的。故选A。51．D考查形容词辨析。形容词complex“复杂的，合成的”；controversial“有争议的，有争论的”；awkward“尴尬的，笨拙的，棘手的，不合适的”；disturbing“令人不安的，烦扰的”。句意：RosemaryRandall提出气候变化是一个“会引起恐惧和和担忧的人们感觉在不应该在礼貌的交谈中发生”的主题。故选D。52．C考查名词辨析。名词idea“想法，主意，概念”；goal “目标，球门，得分数，终点”；place“地方，住所，座位”；choice“选择，选择权，精选品”。Havenoplacein“不应该发生”。句意：RosemaryRandall提出气候变化是一个“会引起恐惧和和担忧的人们感觉在不应该在礼貌的交谈中发生”的主题。故选C。53．B考查副词辨析。副词somehow“以某种方法”；however“无论以何种方式”；therefore“因此；所以”;either“任何一个”。根据上下文串联可知表示转折关系，所以使用however，而且however的前后都要使用符号隔开，故选B。三、阅读理解18.Kidsarenaturalscientists.Thatmaybewhytheyasksomanyquestions.Youngerkidstakeupscienceandmathwithamazingenthusiasm，yetastheygetoldertheyoftenlosetheirexcitement.Childrenlookonscientificexplorationasplay，butastheygetoldertheystarttoconnectitwithbigheavybooks，longworksheetsandalotofreallyconfusingwords.Whatatragedy！Wehadtheirattention，theywerelistening，theywereparticipating，theywerelearningandthenwelostittoboredom.Weneedourkidstoplaymore.Moreplaybringsupbasicscientificconcepts(概念)．Beingfamiliarwithbasicscientificconceptsbringsaboutexplorationwhichleadstoresearch.Oncetheyareresearching，theyarecompletelyintothelearning.Myboysbuiltasmall9-holegolfcoursenexttoourdrivewayoneday.Itwasagreatproductofscience.Theydugouttheholesandchannelstoguidethegolfball.Theyplayedwitharchitecture(建筑学)withaseriesofpipestheyhadfoundinthegarage.Theytestedspeedandmomentum(动量)bycreatingoneoftheholesacrossthedriveway.Theyexperiencedbiologywhendecidingwhichfrontyardplantscouldbeusedasapartofthecourseandwhichneededtobepulledup.IfIhadsentthemouttotheyardtobuilda9-holegolfcourse，itwouldhaveneverhappened.Itwasbecauseitwastheirideathatitworked.Itrytotellthemsomeoftheconceptsafterthefact.Whentheyaskaboutsomething，Itrytorelateitbacktosomethingtheyhavebuilt，experienced，orfelt.Itrytogivethemavocabularyaroundwhattheyalreadyknow.Anafternooncanchangethewaykidslookattheworld.Notbadforadayofplay.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutkids'attitudestowardssciencefromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Kidsthinktheyareborntoworkasscientists.B.Youngerkidsbegintolearnscienceonpurpose.C.Olderkidsoftenlinksciencewithboringthings.D.Children'stakinganinterestinscienceisatragedy.9.Bybuildingthesmallgolfcourse，thewriter'sboyslearntaboutallofthefollowingthingsEXCEPT________.A.speed

B.momentumC.biology

D.agriculture10.Ifthewriterhadforcedtheboystobuildasmallgolfcourse，theymighthave_______.A.askedhersomerelatedscientificconceptsB.madeabettergolfcoursethantheonetheyhadbuiltC.askedtheirfriendstohelpthemwiththeworkD.gotboredandrefusedtofollowthewriter'sdirections11.Inwhichpartofanewspaperisthearticleprobablyincluded?A.Architecture.

B.Education.C.Health.

D.Sports.参考答案：8.C

9.D

10.D

11.B这是一篇议论文。作者认为孩子对数学和科学不再像小时候那样热爱是因为他们不再是在玩中学，而是厚厚的教科书让他们失去了兴趣。作者还用他儿子在院子里建高尔夫球场的事例进行论证，玩中也能学到很多东西。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Childrenlookonscientificexplorationasplay，butastheygetoldertheystarttoconnectitwithbigheavybooks，longworksheetsandalotofreallyconfusingwords.可推断出，孩子们对科学失去了兴趣是因为这些要与厚厚的教科书，长长的学习单和很多令人困惑的词联系在一起，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的Theyplayedwitharchitecture(建筑学)withaseriesofpipestheyhadfoundinthegarage.Theytestedspeedandmomentum(动量)bycreatingoneoftheholesacrossthedriveway.Theyexperiencedbiologywhendecidingwhichfrontyardplantscouldbeusedasapartofthecourseandwhichneededtobepulledup.可知，作者的儿子建造的小小的高尔夫球场涉及到了建筑学、速度、动量学和生物学，但没有农业，故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段的IfIhadsentthemouttotheyardtobuilda9-holegolfcourse，itwouldhaveneverhappened.Itwasbecauseitwastheirideathatitworked可推断出，如果作者强迫他儿子去建造高尔夫球场，他们可能会没那么热情，甚至不愿意遵从作者，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。作者主要想表达我们要从玩中，游戏中让孩子学习，这样他们可能就会更乐于学习，并用他儿子建高尔夫球场一事论证，可以推断出这篇文章主要涉及的是教育问题，故选B。【点睛】阅读理解常从细节理解，推理判断，主旨大意，词义猜测四个方面出题。推理判断类题信息含量大，可能是文中的某句话也可能是几句话，要求考生在原文的基础上对文章中的信息进行分析、逻辑推理，揭示其深层含义，属于难度较高的题型。它常常从细节推断；文章来源或对象类推断；写作意图类推断和态度倾向类推断四个方向进行考查。推理判断题常用的方法有1.抓住特定的信息进行正向或逆向推理。2.整合全文信息进行推断。3.根据上下文的逻辑进行推理得出结论。在做题中要注意那些张冠李戴、颠倒是非、无中生有、曲解文意、扩缩范围的干扰项。本文中的第3和第4小题属于推理判断题，第3小题是细节推断题，需要文中给定的信息进行正向推断，结合上下文，作者的孩子自己建造的高尔夫球场，孩子对此充满了热情，且很乐意接受作者借此机会给他讲解的一些科学知识，进而推断出如果是作者强迫他儿子建球场，结果就不会是这样的了；第4小题是细节推断题，是问文章来源，需要整合全文信息进行推断，整篇文章，作者都寓意孩子们更乐于在玩中学知识，有时候厚厚的课本，繁多的作业反而让孩子对一些学科失去兴趣，可推断出本文是关于教育问题，根据此推断就能准确敲定答案。19.EdwardLatter,five,thoughthisdogMorsewasgoneforeveraftercruelthievestookhimawaywhenthedogescapedfromhishome.The10-month-olddoghadbeenmissingsinceDecemberandthebroken-heartedboyevenwroteaheartbreakinglettertoSantaandpostedittoLaplandaskingforhispalbackforChristmas.A￡10,000rewardwasofferedbymillionaireSimonCowellafterhereadaboutthehorrifictheft.Cowellsaid:“It’sheartbreakingtoseealittleboy’sChristmasruined.Dogsaresoimportanttomanyofus.WejusthopeithelpsleadtothesafereturnofMorse.”Hisparents,AmandaHopkinsandRichardLatter,hadgivenuphopeofeverseeingtheirpetagain,untiltheygotacallonFridaynight.Acouple20milesawayfromtheirhomeinMarden,Kent,hadfoundamuddydogwalkingthroughtheirstreetandthoughtitcouldbemissingMorse.TheybroughttheMorsein,washedhim,andthencalledMrLatterwhowasunsureuntilhewassentaphoto,andthendrovethefamilytothevillageofMeopham.Thetheatrecarpenter,40,said:“AmandaandIwerestillquitesceptical,butEdwardsawhimandrecognisedhimstraightaway.Hewaslyoverthemoon.Hesaid:‘Ican’tbelieveit,Ihavemybestfriendback.It’stoolateforChristmasbutthisisthebestpresentever.’Wewerestillunsureifitwashimthough—ashewasn’trespondingtohisnameorcomingtous.”“Wespentaboutanhourandhalfoverthereandwestillwerenotsure,sowetookhimhometogethischipscanned.ItwasonlywhenwetookhimtothevetsonSaturdaymorningandgothischipscannedthatwefoundoutforsure.Weinstantlybrokedownintears.Wewerejusthuggingeachother,huggingEdwardandhuggingthedog.”AddedRichard.Thefamilywhofo