硕士研究生入学考试英语模拟试卷

Word第第页硕士研究生入学考试英语模拟试卷Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Inthepastfewdecades,remarkablefindingshavebeenmadeinethology,thestudyofanimalsocialbehavior.Earlierscientistshad1thatnonhumansociallifewasalmosttotallyinstinctiveorfixedbygenetics.Muchmorecarefulobservationhasshownthat2variationoccursamongthesocialtiesofmostspecies,showingthatlearningisapartofsociallife.Thatis,the3arenotsolelyfixedbythegenes.

4，thelearningthatoccursisoftenatanearlyageinaprocessthatiscalledimprinting.Imprintingisclearly5instinctive,butitisnotquitelikethelearningofhumans;itissomethinginbetweenthetwo.Anillustrationbest6thenatureofimprinting.Once,biologiststhoughtthatducklingsfollowedthemotherduckbecauseofinstincts.Nowweknowthat,shortly7theyhatch,ducklingsfix8anyobjectaboutthesizeofaduckandwillhenceforthfollowit.Soducklingsmayfollowabasketballorabriefcaseiftheseare9forthemotherduckatthetimewhenimprintingoccurs.Thus,socialtiescanbeconsiderably10,evenonesthathaveaconsiderablebase11bygenetics.

Evenamongthesocialinsectssomethinglikeimprinting12influencesocialbehavior.Forexample,biologistsoncethoughtbeescommunicatedwithotherspurely13instinct.But,inexamininga“dance”thatbeesdotoindicatethedistanceanddirectionofapollensource,observersfoundthatbeesraisedinisolationcouldnotcommunicateeffectively.Atahigherlevel,thegeneticbaseseemstobemuchmoreforanall?purposelearningratherthanthemorespecificresponsesofimprinting.Chimpanzees,forinstance,generally14verygoodmotherbutJaneGoodallreportsthatsomechimpscarrytheinfantupsidedownor15failtonurturetheyoung.Shebelievesthatthesefemalesweretheyoungestorthe16childofamother.Insuchcircumstances,theydidnothavetheopportunitytoobservehowtheirownmother17forheryoung.Certainlyadolescentchimpswhoarestillwiththeirmotherswhenotheryoungareborntakemuchinterestintherearingoftheiryoungbrotherorsister.Theyhaveanexcellentopportunitytolearn,andthesocialtiesthatarecreatedbetweenmotherandyoung18Goodalltodescribethesocialunitasafamily.Themother?offspringtieisbeyond19;thereissomeevidenceto20thattiesalsocontinuebetweensiblingsofthesamesex,thatis“brother?brother”and“sister?sister”.

1?A?assumedB?adoptedC?believedD?surmised

2?A?considerateB?consideratedC?considerableD?considering

3?A?statuesB?statusesC?statutesD?statures

4?A?What?smoreB?HenceC?ButD?However

5?A?notB?onlyC?butD?solely

6?A?clarifiesB?classifiesC?definesD?outlines

7?A?thanB?beforeC?whenD?after

8?A?onB?withC?inD?within

9?A?appropriatedB?substitutedC?assignedD?distributed

10?A?variedB?deviatedC?differedD?altered

11?A?fashionedB?modifiedC?influencedD?affected

12?A?mayB?shouldC?mustD?can

13?A?byB?outofC?fromD?through

14?A?proveB?makeC?turnD?create

15?A?otherwiseB?stillC?yetD?even

16?A?oneB?soleC?singleD?only

17?A?lookedB?attendedC?caredD?provided

18?A?guideB?causeC?directD?lead

19?A?limitationB?imaginationC?doubtD?expectation

20?A?adviseB?hintC?implyD?suggest

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD?MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1?(40points)

Text1

NewfiguresfromFrance,GermanyandItaly—thethreebiggesteconomiesinthe12countryEurozone—suggestthecontinent’seconomicwoesmayhavebeenexaggerated.InFrance,evidenceemergedthatconsumerspendingremainedsolidinJulyandAugust,rising1.4%and0.6%respectively.ForecastershadgenerallyexpectedtheJulyfiguretoshowa0.1%slippage,withAugustunchanged.ButthefigureswereflatteredslightlybyadowngradetotheJunefigure,to0.7%from1.5%.

WithmanufacturinginthedoldrumsacrossEuropeandtheUS,consumerspendinghasbeenincreasinglyseenasthebesthopeofstoppingtheglobaleconomicslowdownfromturningintoarecession.TheFrenchgovernmentsaidthenewsprovedthattheeconomywasholdinguptothestrainoftheslowdown.

MeanwhileinGermany,newregionalpricefigureswentsomewaytowardscalmingfearsaboutinflationinEurope’slargesteconomy—akeyreasonfortheEuropeanCentralBank’sreluctancetocutinterest15statessaidconsumerpriceswerebroadlystable,withinflationfallingyearonyear.Theinformationbackedeconomists’expectationsthatinflationforthecountryasawholeissettofallbacktoayearlyrateof2.1%,comparedtoayearlyrateof2.6%inAugust,closinginontheEuro?widetargetof2%.Thedropispartlyduetolastyear’sspikeinoilpricesdroppingoutoftheyear?on?yearcalculation.

TheicingonthecakewasnewsthatItaly’sjobmarkethasremainedbuoyant.Thecountry’sJulyunemploymentratedroppedto9.4%from9.6%themonthbefore,itslowestlevelinmorethaneightyears.Andabusinessconfidencesurveyfromquasi?governmentalresearchgroupISAEtoldofageneralpick?upindemandinthesixweekstoearlySeptember.ButthenewswastemperedbyanannouncementbyAlitalia,thecountry’sbiggestairline,thatitwillhavetogetridof2，500stafftocopewiththeexpectedcontractionaswellasselling12aeroplanes.AndindustrialgroupConfindustriawarnedthattheattacksonUStargetsmeantgrowthwillbeabout1.9%thisyear,wellshortofthegovernment’s2.4%target.Anditsaidthebudgetdeficitwillprobablybeabout1.5%,nearlytwicethe0.8%Italy’sgovernmenthaspromiseditsEuropeanUnionpartners.

21?Weknowfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A?newfiguresfromthethreeEuropeancountriesshowthepredictionofforecastersisexactlyright

B?Europeaneconomygetsonbetterthanforecastershavepredicted

C?alloftheforecastersexpectthefullyfiguretoshowareduction

D?inthreeEuropeancountriestheconsumerspendingcontinuestorise

22?Theterm“inthedoldrums”inParagraph2refersto.

A?intheprocessofrisingB?experiencingasharpturning

C?intherecessionD?risingrapidly

23?Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?.

A?ThereasonfortheECB’sunwillingtocutinterestratesisinflationwasactuallyexpectedtofallinGermany

B?InGermanyconsumerpriceswerefalling

C?Lastyear’soilpricesdroppingo