形式作状语要点盘点无忧

—ing形式作状语要点盘点动词的—ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。一、表示时间（置于句首，也可置于句末）-ing形式作状语，其动作可能发生在谓语动作之前或之后，也可能和谓语动词的动作同时发生。例如：1.

Hearing

the

news, they

all

jumpedwith

joy.=When

they

heard

the

news,theyall

jumped with

joy.2.

Seeing

its

mother,

the

baby

smiled.=When

the

baby

saw

its

mother,

it

smiled.住：为强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生，在-ing形式之前可用连词when或while.例如：

Be

careful

when

crossing

the

street另外：-ing形式的完成式havingdone表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，一般作时间或原因状语。例如：Having

enjoyed

the

rides

at

the

Headland,visitors

can

take

the

shuttle

to

the

Lowland.二、表示原因（多置于句首）例如：Being

ill

(

=

As

he

was

ill

),

he

went

home.Not

having

received

any

news

fromhome

for

a

long

time

(=

As

she

hasn’treceived

any

news

from

home

for

alongtime),

sheis ing

more

and

more

homesick.Hoping

to

get

our

support(=As

theyhoped

to

get

our

support),

they

sent

ustheir

statement.三、表示条件（多置于句首）例如：1.

Working

hard(=If

you

work

hard),

youwill

succeed.四、表示结果（多置于句末）例如：The

snow

lasted

a

week,

resulting

in

aserious

traffic

confusion

in

the

whole

area.=The

snow

lasted

a

week,

so

it

resulted

in

aserious

traffic

confusion

in

the

whole

area.His

parents

died,

leaving

him

a

lot

ofmoney.五、表示方式和伴随（多置于句末）-ing形式作方式状语或伴随状语，用来对谓语动词表示的动作或状态加以说明。一般来说，-ing形式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。它没有相应的状语从句可以代替。例如：1.

She

sat

at

the

desk

reading

a

newspaper.=She

was

sitting

at

the

desk

and

read

anewspaper.Many

people

come

to

the

theme

parkslooking

for

thrills

and

entertainment.Theme

parks

try

to

make

sure

visitorsleave

knowing

more

about

their

theme.A

second

Disneyland

was

opened

onthe

east

coast,

costing

between

$500and

$600

million.They

walked

on

the

way

home,

singingand

laughing.1. The

secretary

worked

late

into

the

night,

along

speech

for

the

president.A.

to

prepareC.

preparedB.

preparingD.

was

preparing2.

The

visiting

minister

expressed

hissatisfaction

with

the

talks, that

he

hadenjoyed

his

stay

here.A.

having

addedC.

addingB. to

addD.

addedEuropean

football

is

played

in

80

countries, it

the

most

popular

sport

in

the

world.A.

making B.

makes C.

made D.

to

makeup

at

his

father,he

asked

what

was

thematter

with

him.A.

Having

looked

B.

Looking

C.To

look

D.

Look5. from

his

clothes,

he

is

not

so

poor.A.

JudgedC.

To

judgeB.

JudgingD.Judge6. such

heavy

pollution

already,

itmay

now

be

too

late

to

clean

the

river.A.

Having

sufferedC.

To

sufferB.

SufferingD.

Suffered-ing

形式作状语考点及应对方法-ing形式作状语是非谓语动词重要用法，也

是高考经常考查的考点，其热点考查内容如下：一、考查-ing形式作状语的类型[考点说明]-ing形式常作时间、原因、结果、或伴随状语，可放句首或句末。[典型例题]

1.

European

football

is

played

in

80countries,world.A.

makingit

the

most

popular

sport

in

theB.

makes C.

made D.

to

make析：分析语境逻辑可知该空应填making作状语，空档前面的逗号是个验证。2.

The

secretary

worked

late

into

the

night,a

long

speech

for

the

president.A.

to

prepareC.

preparedB.

preparingD.

was

preparing析：语境逻辑表明为董事长准备一篇长篇讲稿是秘书工作到深夜的伴随性状况，所以应B作伴随状语。[方法揭秘]分析语境逻辑，弄清空档是否作时间、原因或伴随状语，从而确定空档的非谓语性质；分析动作是主动还是被动，从而确定空档的-ing形式的语态；空档设置在句子后半部时逗号是一个重要的提示。二、考查-ing形式作状语与逻辑主语之间的关系[考点说明]-ing形式作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语，此时应注意人称、时态、和语态的一致性。[典型例题]

1. Finding

her

car

stolen,

.a

policeman

was

asked

to

helpthe

area

was

searched

thoroughlyit

was

looked

for

everywhereshe

hurried

to

a

policeman

for

help析：分析语境逻辑不难发现Findinghercarstolen的动作应由“她”来完成，所以答案应为D。本题说明-ing形式做作状语时应注意人称、时态、和语态的一致性。2. his

key,

he

couldn’t

enter

the

room.A.Having

lost B.Losing C.To

loss D.Lost析：分析语境逻辑可知丢钥匙动作应发生在进房间的动作之前，所以该空应选B。本题说明-ing形式作状语时应注意时态的一致性。[方法揭秘]解题时应牢记-ing形式作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语，确保句子的主语在人称、时态、语态等逻辑角度完成-ing形式所表示的动作。三、考查-ing形式作状语的创新形式[考点说明]名词、代词+-ing形式可构成独立主格结构作时间、条件、原因、或伴随状语，此时-ing形式的逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。（一）

-ing形式独立主格结构作状语[典型例题]

1.

The

moon ,

we

came

to

thefoot

of

the

mountain.A.

appeared B.

appears C.

appearing D.

appear析：C。该句意为：月亮出来时，我们在山脚下。Appearing

和the

moon构成独立主格结构作时间状语。2.Weather

, we’ll

go

swimmingthisafternoon.A.

permittingC.

permittedB.

permitD.

To

permit析：A。该句意为：如果天气允许，我们今天下午去游泳。permitting

与其逻辑主语weather构成独立主格结构作条件状语。[方法揭秘]解题时应牢记-ing形式独立主格结构作状语与-ing形式作状语用法完全相同，只不过独立主格结构中-ing形式逻辑主语为前面的名词或代词。而-ing形式作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语。（二）考查when/while+-ing形式作时间状语[考点说明]when/while+-ing形式可作时间状语，谓语动词动作常发生在-ing形式所表示的动作的过程中。[典型例题]

riding

a

bike

he

fell

down

to

the

ground.A.

As B.

While C.

As

soon

as D.

Immediately析：B。分析语境逻辑可知跌到在地的动作发生在骑自行车的过程中，因此应用While[方法揭秘]分析ing形式动作与谓语动词动作发生顺序，从而确定前面是否加when/while。（三）考查on/upon+

-ing形式作时间状语[考点说明]on/upon+-ing形式作时间状语，-ing形式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生。[典型例题]

my

arriving

in

Beijing,

I’ll

write

to

you.A.

In

B.

At

C.

On

D.

With析：C.语境逻辑制约该空表“一……就……”应填

On[方法揭秘]分析ing形式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作是否同时发生从而确定前面是否加on/upon相关练习：1.

Night

,

we

hurried

home.A.

falls

B.

fall C.

fell D.

falling命题目的：本题考查分词用法。解题关键：掌握分词做状语的用法。深度讲解：分词做状语，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，否则就必须在分词的前面另加分词的主语（名词或主格代词），这种结构叫独立主格结构。其作用相当于状语从句:As

night

fell,

wehurried

home.也可用并列句表示：Night

fell,so

we

hurried

home.any

more

to

say,

the

meeting

wasNobodyclosed.havingB.

have C.