12月英语四级真题及答案解析

20XX年12月英语四级真题及答案解析第一篇：20XX年12月英语四级真题及答案解析20XX年12月英语四级真题答案解析PartIWriting标准版：Theabovebarchartclearlyshowsuseducationpaysin20XX.Weseethatonewithhighereducationbackgroundearnsmoremoneyweeklythanthosewithlowerones.Forinstance,thecollegestudentswithnodegreegetpaid$712perweekwhereasthosewithaBachelor’sdegreecanearn$1038.Severalreasons,inmyopinion,canbeidentifiedtoaccountforthisphenomenon.Tobeginwith,comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichareessentialtoahigh-incomework.Also,thehigherone’seducationdegreeis,thebiggerplatformhewillhavetoshowhisability.Forexample,hiscollege,university,orresearchinstitutewillorganizevariousjobfairsforthemtocommunicatefacetofacewithemployers.Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.Therefore,substantialeducationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertobuildourcountryandstriveforabetterlifeforourselves.高分版：EducationPaysJudgingfromthetable,wecanseethatpeople’sincomeincreasesalongwiththeireducationlevels.Aboveall，theaveragecollegegraduatesearnmuchmorethanthetypicalhigh-schoolgraduates.Thefactrevealedbythesedataisobvious:adegreedoesbringdistinctivefinancialbenefitstoitsholders.Butisittruethatadegreealonecanensureabrightfuture?Idon’tthinksobecause,ontheonehand,thefinancialvalueofhigheducationdependsheavilyonwhatskillsgraduatescangainfromitinsteadofthedegreeitself.Afterall,anemployeronlypaysforyourabilityandperformance,notforyourcertificate.Ontheotherhand,themostvaluableblesshigheducationbringstograduatesistheabilitytolearnquicklyandefficiently.Peoplereceivedmoreeducationtendtokeeplifelonglearninghabitsaftertheirgraduation,whichwouldhelpthemgainmoreopportunitiesintheircareerpath.Inconclusion,whataccountsforeducationpaysisnotthedegreealone,butthegraduate’sabilityandleaninghabit.作文B：标准版：EducationPaysTheabovebarchartclearlyshowsuseducationpaysin20XX.Weseethatunemploymentrateofthosewithhighereducationbackgroundismuchlowerthanthosewithlowereducationdegree.Forinstance,theunemploymentrateofcollegestudentswithnodegreeisashighas14.9%whilethatofthosewithdoctoraldegreeisonly1.9%.Thefollowingreason,inmyopinion,isthemostimportantonetoaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichmakethemmorequalifiedandcompetentfortheirtask.Thus,theyarelesslikelytolosetheirjobs.Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.Therefore,educationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertoavoidunemployment.高分版：EducationPaysAsisshowninthetable,theunemploymentratedecreasessteadilyastheeducationlevelincreases.Thefactrevealedbythestatisticsisobvious:graduateswithadegreearelesslikelytobeunemployed.Whathasbroughtaboutthiseffect?Ibelievetherearethreemainreasons.Tobeginwith,theeducationlevelisstillthetopfactorthatemployerswouldtakeintoaccountwhenselectingjobcandidates.Itisbelievedthatpeoplewithacollegedegreetendtobemoreintelligentandqualified.Inaddition,asaresultofgoodlearninghabitformedduringcollege,jobhunterswithhigheducationbackgroundarealsomoreefficientinacquiringandprocessingjobhuntinginformation.Finally,collegeeducationequipsgraduateswithspecializedskills,leadingtogreaterattachmenttothecompanytheyareemployedandhigherpossibilitytobereemployedeveniftheyleavetheirpreviouscompany.Inconclusion,itisthequalifications,learninghabitandspecializedskillsthathigheducationequipagraduatethatmakeonedistinctiveinlabormarket.【标准版点评】这次四级作文出了图表题，可能让大家有些意外，但是四六级考察图表作文已经并不是第一次，早在20XX年的时候就已经出现过，是图表+提纲的形式，图表反应的是大学生使用计算机的情况。由于备考时大家只是关注近几年的题型，可能没有关注到以往考察过图表作文。我们在备考作文的时候，一般会从以下几个方面着手准备，如何描述现象、如何分析原因、如何分析影响、如何给出解决措施、如何进行观点论战等。其实，图表作文也是从这几个方面展开，只是将第一段的描述现象改为描述图表即可。可见，无论是考察哪种作文题，我们都可以将它转化为我们熟悉的提纲式。这次作文题目有两个版本。题目都是EducationalPays（教育回报），一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，收入越高，另一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，失业率越低。虽然图表描述的具体内容不同，但主题是一致的：教育是值得投资的。写作思路也是一致的。两篇范文都是采取三段式的描述方法。第一段：描述图表。先一句话引出图表总体内容Theabovebarchartclearlyshowsus„然后具体描述现象Weseethat„。最后用forinstance引出一些具体数据来例证现象。第二段：分析原因。先写一个引出原因的句子，然后具体列举一到两个原因即可。由于字数限制，原因不必列太多。第三段：给出建议。先是总结这个现象Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.（教育值得投资）。然后是建议国家增大教育投资，以及个人要努力学习。这种三段式的写作模式容易掌握，在考场中比较实用，建议大家仿写。【高分版点评】本次四级作文围绕着同一个话题，educationpay（教育回报），出现了两个版本，一个是教育和失业率的关系，另一个是教育和收入的关系。就话题而言，命题难度并不高，选用的是贴近考生实际生活的熟悉话题。形式上则采取图表作文的形式，图表作文在四级考试中较少出现，很多考生可能刚拿到题目会束手无策，但是只要考生仔细阅读题目，就不难发现，除了需要简单描述图表之外，其写作思路和话题作文非常类似。写好这篇作文，主要抓住三点：首先，描述图表内容。对于柱状图，抓住横抽和纵轴之间的关系，对数字的变化趋势进行总体描述即可。用词不宜超过总字数的1/3。其次，要一句话揭示图表背后的隐含意思，引入文章的立意。最后，文章的立意可以采取两种思路，保守的写法是直接阐释产生现象的原因，如写失业率那篇范文；另一个则是，根据图表上的结果，借题发挥，发表自己的观点，如写收入的那篇范文。PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1.Bshowmanship细节题。这道题的答案对应原文第一句话，从puttingonashow可以推出showmanship。whenitcametoputtingonashow,nobodyelseinthecomputerindustry,oranyotherindustryforthatmatter,couldmatchSteveJobs.题干与原文的匹配度比较高，仔细阅读不难得出选择是B2.AHeinventedlotsoffunctionalgadgets.细节题。原文第2段第2句话提到了乔布斯突出的三个方面，第三句话明确指出最后一个方面，也就是他在functionalgadgets上的贡献对人们的生活影响最大，对比第二题的选项，应选AHestoodoutinthreeways—asatechnologist,asacorporateleaderandassomebodywhowasabletomakepeoplelovewhathadpreviouslybeenimpersonal,functionalgadgets.Strangely,itisthislastqualitythatmayhavethedeepesteffectonthewaypeoplelive.3.BHiskeeninterestindesigningelegantanduser-friendlygadgets.细节题。答案在第三段第二句，“obsessedwithproductdesignandaesthetics,andwithmakingadvancedtechnologysimpletouse”。讲到乔布斯痴迷于产品的设计和美学上，以及使高科技简单易用。所以选BAsatechnologist,MrJobswasdifferentbecausehewasnotanengineer—andthatwashisgreatstrength.Insteadhewasobsessedwithproductdesignandaesthetics,andwithmakingadvancedtechnologysimpletouse.4.AOneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhistime.细节题。答案在第4段第一句话的后半句“manyofthosecorporategiantsasoneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhistime.”所以选A，其他的选项均不正确。Withinthewiderbusinessworld,amanwholikedtoseehimselfasahippy,permanentlyinrevoltagainstbigcompanies,endedupbeinghailedbymanyofthosecorporategiantsasoneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhistime.5.Daninspiration细节题。答案在第四段第三句话。“isaninspirationtoanybusinessperson”。所以选DHisfallfromgraceinthe1980s,followedbyhisreturntoApplein1996afteraperiodinthewilderness,isaninspirationtoanybusinesspersonwhosecareerhastakenaturnfortheworse.‘6.CHecommandedabsoluteloyaltyfromAppleusers.细节题。由关键词fanaticalloyalty定位到低段第一句话。所以乔布斯成功最令人震惊的地方在于它获得了苹果用户的绝对忠诚。选CButwhatwasperhapsmostastonishingaboutMrJobswasthefanaticalloyaltyhemanagedtoinspireincustomers.7.DItoriginatesintheconsumermarket.细节题。由关键词specialreport定位到第6段第一句，Asourspecialreportinthisweek'sissue(printedbeforeMrJobs'sdeath)explains,innovationusedtospilloverfrommilitaryandcorporatelaboratoriestotheconsumermarket,butlatelythisprocesshasgoneintoreverse.Manypeople'shomesnowhavemorepowerful,andmoreflexible,devicesthantheirofficesdo;consumergizmosandonlineservicesaresmarterandeasiertousethanmostcompanies'systems.过去创新是从部队和公司实验室再拓展到消费者市场，现在的情况是反过来。所以选D8.closedandinflexible细节题。由关键词“criticscomplained”定位到第七段第一句，可知空格处应填写“closedandinflexible”。MrJobshadareputationasacontrolfreak,andhiscriticscomplainedthattheproductsandsystemshedesignedwereclosedandinflexible,bined细节题，由关键词“Amazon”定位到原文第8段，所以空格处填combined。AttherecentunveilingofatabletcomputerbyJeffBezosofAmazon,whosecompanyisdoingthebestjoboffollowingApple'sleadincombininghardware,software,contentandservicesinaneasy-to-usebundle，10.reshapingentireindustries细节题，由关键词themagicofcomputing定位到原文最后一段，空格处填reshapingentireindustries.Butintheendheconjureduparealityofhisown,channellingthemagicofcomputingintoproductsthatreshapedentireindustries.PartIIIListeningComprehensionSectionA11.W:Ijustheardaboutareallybeautifulparkintheeastendofthetown.Therearealotofrosesinbloom.M:Whydon’twewalkoverthereandseeforourselves?Q:Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?答案：C.Gototheparktoenjoytheflowers.点评：对话中女士介绍了一处漂亮的公园，从男士的回答“为什么不去看看呢？”可以判断，接下去两人可能会去这个公园。seefor看见12.M:Mypresentationisscheduledfor9:30tomorrowmorningatthelecturehall.Ihopetoseeyouthere.W:Oh,sorry.IwasabouttotellyouthatIhaveanappointmentwithmydentistat9:00o’clocktomorrow.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?答案：C.Shecannotattendthepresentation.点评：从对话中可知，女士九点要去看牙医，无法参加男士的讲座了。13.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenrunningthiscompany?M:Twentyyearsifyoucanbelievethat.Ibroughtitfromasmalloperationtowhatitistoday.Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman?答案：B.Heisaverysuccessfulbusinessman.点评：从对话中可知，男士经营这家公司20XX，而且成功把公司从一家小公司发展到了现在较大的规模。runv.经营，管理14.M:Haveyoureadthenewsonthecampusnet?Susanhaswonthescholarshipfornextyear.W:Iknewshewouldfromtheverybeginning.Suchabrilliantanddiligentgirl!Shecertainlydeservesit.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?答案：D.ShehaseveryconfidenceinSusan.点评：从对话中可知，女士一直很看好Susan,觉得她肯定能拿到奖学金。sb.deservesit.某人应得的。15.W:TakingabustoMiami,it’scheaperthangoingbytrain.M:That’strue.ButI’dratherpayalittlemorefortheaddedcomfortandconvenience.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?答案：D.ItisworththemoneytakingatraintoMiami.点评：从对话中可知，坐车去迈阿密比火车便宜，但火车更舒适便捷。16.M:Ithinkit’stimewegotridofallthisoldfurniture.W:You’reright.Weneedtopromoteourimagebesidesit’snotarealantique.Q:Whatdothespeakersmean?答案：C.Theoldfurnitureshouldbereplaced.点评：从对话中可知，男士和女士都认为应该把旧家具换掉，以改善形象。对话中有些生词，但不影响对主要含义的把握，可以忽略。getridof处理掉17.M:Thatwassomestormyesterday.HowwasIafraidIcouldn’tmakeithome.W:Yeah,mostoftheroadstomyhousewereflooded.Ididn’tgethomefromthelabuntilmidnight.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?答案：B.Themangothomelateduetothestorm.点评：从对话中可知，昨天有暴风雨，女士担心自己回不了家，男士直到半夜才回家。18.W:Myboysarealwayscomplainingthatthey’rebored.M:Whydon’tyougetthemintosometeamsports?MysonanddaughterplaysoccereverySaturday.Andtheybothlookforwardtoitallweek.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?答案：A.Thewoman’ssonsmightenjoyteamsports.点评：从对话中可知，男士建议女士可以让自己的儿子们参加一些团队运动，这样他们就不会觉得无聊了。Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardW:SoJohn,IhearyouandArthurshareajob,don’tyou?M:Yes.We’vesharedasalesjobatSonatechforabouttwoyearsnow.W:Well,howdoyoudivideupyourschedule?M:Youknowwearebothsalesrepresentatives,andwetakeordersoverthephone.Whenwestartedjobsharingitwasdifficult,becausewebothworkedalldayMonday.IworkedTuesdayandThursdayandArthurworkedWednesdayandFriday.TheproblemwasthatwhenIwasintheofficeonTuesday.Iwouldtalktopeople,thentheywouldcallbackonWednesdaywithaquestion.ButArthurcouldn’tanswerthequestionandhecouldn’taskmeaboutitbecauseIwasn’tintheoffice.Sohehadtoaskthepeopletocallmebackthenextday,Thursday.Ofcourse,theydidn’tliketowaituntilthenextdaytohavetheirquestionsanswered.W:Yes,thatsoundslikeaproblem.M:So,finallywedecidedthatArthurwouldworkinthemorningsandIwouldworkintheafternoons.Nowifsomeonecallswiththequestionformeinthemorning,Arthurtellsthemtocallmeintheafternoon.Thisway,peoplegettheirquestionsansweredthesameday.W:Whatdoyoudoaboutvacations?M:Well,Sonatechgivestheusualtwoweeksofvacationtofull-timeemployees,ItakeaweekandArthurtakesaweek.W:Itsoundslikejobsharinghasworkedoutwellforyou.M:Yes,ithas.Wearebothhappywithit.Q19.WhatdoJohnandauthordoatSonatech?答案：C.Takeordersoverthephone.Q20XXhatproblemdidJohnandArthurhavewhentheystartedjobsharing?答案：A.Customers’questionscouldnotbeansweredonthesameday.Q21.WhatdoesJohnsayabouttheirannualvacation?答案：D.Theyeachtakeaweek.点评：本长对话的内容主要是关于合伙工作。对话内容相较以往的长对话而言，比较简单。依然是主要针对回答问题的人提问，就是对话中的男士。男士一开始主要是谈他们在最初开始合作工作时遇到的问题，接下来谈到问题最终如何得到解决，最后是他和同伴如何轮休年假。当然，对话中公司名称听不懂，形成干扰。依然要强调的是不能纠结个别词汇，而因小失大。对话中围绕工作的话题词汇有：schedule：（工作）计划，安排；salesrepresentative：销售代表；vacation：假期，休假；full-timeemployee：全职员工。Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardW:MayIseeyourlicense,please?M:Butofficer,didIdosomethingwrong?W:Doyoumeantosayyoudidn’tseethespeedlimitsignbackthere?M:Um,no,madam,IguessIdidn’t.W:Inotherwords,youdrovebytoofasttoreadit.Thesignsays35m/h.Aschoolisjustnearby,youknow?M:Don’tgetmewrong,butmyspeedometerdidn’treadmuchfasterthanthat.W:Then,whyisitthatmyradarshowedyouaregoing45?Letmeputitanotherway.I’mgoingtogiveyouaticket.Again,mayIseeyourlicense,please?M:Hereitis,officer.Butletmeexplain.IwaslateforanimportantappointmentandIwasworriedthatIwouldn’tmakeitontime.So...W:Uha,justaminute,here.Yourlicenseisnolongervalid.Youshouldhaverenewedittwoweeksago.I’mgoingtohavetowriteyouupforthat,too.M:What?Really?W:Yourlicensebecomesinvalidonyourbirthdayandthatwastwoweeksagoaccordingtothedatehere.Youareinviolationofthelaw—drivingwithoutavalidlicense.M:I’msorry,madam.Ihadn’trealizedthat.W:Here’stheticketfornothavingavalidlicense.ButI’monlygoingtogiveyouawarningaboutexceedingthespeedlimit.Becarefulnexttime.M:Yes,madam,officer,Iwill.Thankyou.Q22.Wherewasthemanstoppedbythepoliceofficer?答案：B.Nearaschool.Q23.Whatdidthemanclaimaboutthespeedlimitsign?答案：A.Hedidnotnoticeit.Q24.Whatdidthewomansayabouttheman’sdrivinglicense?答案：C.Itisnolongervalid.Q25.Whatwastheman’spenalty?答案：B.Hegotaticket.点评：本长对话主要是关于超速被罚。本对话中涉及到较多交通词汇，有一定难度。对话一开始女士作为交警在学校附近逼停超出该路段限速的男士，但男士狡辩自己的速度计（speedometer）并没显示超速；女士再次提出要求审查男士的驾照，发现其驾照已经过期。最后，男士因驾照过期而收到警告。本选材非常生活化，相信大部分考生应该对这一话题并不陌生，通过日常常识也能做出不少判断。本对话中关于交通话题的词汇：speedlimit：限速；giveyouaticket：开罚单；license：执照，驾照；speedometer：n.速度计；里程计。SectionBPassage1SinceIstartedworkingpart-timeatagrocerystore,Ihavelearnedthatacustomerismorethansomeonewhobuysomething.Tome,acustomerisapersonwhosememoryfailsentirelyonceheorshestartstopushashoppingcard.Oneofthefirstthingscustomersforgetishowtocount.Thereisnootherwaytoexplainhowsomanypeoplegetintheirexpressline,whichisclearlymarked15itemsorless,with20XX25orevenacartloadofitems.Customersalsoforgetwhytheycametothestoreinthefirstplace.JustasIfinishringingupanorder,acustomerwillsay,“Oops,Iforgottopickupafreshloafofbread.Ihopeyoudon’tmindwaitingwhileIgogetit.”Fiveminuteslater,he’sbackwiththebread,abottleofmilk,andthreerollsofpapertowels.Strangeisthatseemscustomersalsoseemtoforgetthattheyhavetopayfortheirgroceries.InsteadofwritingacheckorlookingforacreditcardwhileIamringingupthegroceries,mycustomerswillwaituntilIannouncethetotal.Then,insurprise,shesays,“Ohno,whatdidIdowithmycheckbook?”After5minutesofdiggingthroughherpurse,sheborrowsmypenbecauseshe’sforgottenhers.ButIhavetobetolerantofcustomersbecausetheypaymysalary,andthat’ssomethingIcan’taffordtoforget.Q26.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutcustomers’enteringthegrocerystore?答案：A.Theybehaveasiftheirmemorieshavefailedtotally.Q27.Whichcustomersaresupposedtobeintheexpressline?答案：D.Thosewith15itemsorless.Q28.Whatdoesthespeakersaysomecustomersdowhentheyarriveatthecheck-outcounter?答案：B.Gobackandpickupmoreitems.Q29.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouthisjobattheendofthetalk?答案：A.Itrequirestolerance.点评：本篇短文主要讲述了作者在一家杂货店兼职工作的经历和感受，并深刻地体会到顾客不仅仅是来商店买东西的人。作者认为，当顾客推起一辆购物车时，所有的事情就抛之脑后了。他们不会算计一件商品值多少钱，他们忘了自己来商店要买什么，他们甚至忘记要为商品付钱，他们不知道东西买够没有就去收银台排队结账，当收银员开始扫顾客的商品时，顾客又会跑回去拿很多商品回来，更需要收银员提醒付钱，但这都是作者作为收银员所应忍受的，因为“顾客是上帝”，这是作者不敢忘记也是从这次经历中学到的事情。这篇文章基本上没有生僻的词汇，以叙述为主。但是其中有几个短语需要关注：grocerystore意为“杂货店”；ringup意为“用收银机记录收入的钱，收银机扫条形码”；creditcard意为“信用卡”。理解了这些词，对听力的整体理解会有提升。Passage2ThespeechdeliverystyleofEuropeansandAsianstendstobeveryformal.Speakersoftheseculturesoftenreadoralpresentationsfromcarefullyretainmanualscripts.Ontheotherhand,Americanspeakersaregenerallymoreinformalrelativetospeakersandothercultures.Americanaudiencesprefernatural,spontaneousdeliverythatconveysalivelysenseofcommunication.Theydon’trelaywelltospeakerswhoreadfromamanualscript.Ifyouuseanoutlineofyourideasinsteadofapreparetext,yourspeechwillnotonlysoundmorenatural,butyouwillalsobeabletoestablishbetterrelationshipwithyourlistenersandkeeptheirattention.Thelanguageandstyleyouusewhenmakinganoralpresentationshouldnotbethesameasthelanguageinstyleyouusewhenwriting.Wellretaininformation,thatismeanttoberead,doesnotworkaswellwhenitisheard.Itis,therefore,importantforyoutoadaptretaintextsoroutlinesforpresentations.Goodspeakersaremuchmoreinformalwhenspeakingthanwhenwriting.Theyalsousetheirownwordsanddeveloptheirownspeakingstyles.Wheneverpossible,theyuseshortwords.Listenersareappreciatedwhenspeakersusesimple,everydaywordsinapresentation.Oneadvantageisthatitismucheasierforspeakerstopronounceshortwordscorrectly.Anotheristhatlongandsophisticatedvocabularychoicesmakelisteningmoredifficult.Question30to3230.WhatdoesthespeakersayAmericanaudiencesprefer?答案：D.Anaturalandspontaneousstyleofspeech.31.Whatshouldonepayattentiontowhenmakinganoralpresentation?答案：B.Differencesinstylebetweenwritingandspeaking.32.Whatdoesthespeakerfocusoninthetalk?答案：A.Thekeytobecomingagoodspeaker.点评：本篇文章重点分析了成为一名优秀的演讲者的关键因素。欧洲人和亚洲人的演讲风格往往是趋于比较正式的，而美国人的演讲风格是自然、自发、生动地传递表达信息，这也正是听众所喜欢的方式。同时，做口头报告时应注意写作和口语所要求的风格差异，有了这样的认识后，你才能在今后的演讲中运用简短贴近生活的言语表达自己的想法，形成自己的演讲风格，成为一名优秀的演讲者。这篇文章相对简单，没有出现太难的生词，较容易理解。整个内容就围绕一个主题展开，清晰明了，只要能抓住此主题线索，整篇文章的结构就一目了然了。Passage3Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetime.Ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Hecomparesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenlanguageasheusesitandlanguageasthosearoundhimuseit.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,kidslearningtodoalltheotherthingstheylearnwithoutadultteachers,towalk,run,climb,rideabike,playgames,comparetheirownperformancewithwhatmoreskilledpeopledo,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetodetecthismistakes.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughthewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim.Soonhebecomesdependentontheexpert.Weshouldlethimdoithimself.Lethimfigureout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatistheanswertothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisorthat.Ifrightanswersneedtobegiven,asinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchtediouswork?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildrenwhentheytellusthattheycan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Question33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Q33Howdoesachildlearntodosomethingaccordingtothespeaker?答案：D.Bycomparinghisperformancewithothers.Q34Whatbeliefdoteacherscommonlyholdaccordingtothespeaker?答案：C.Childrencannotdetecttheirownmistakes.Q35Whatdoesthespeakerimplyaboutthecurrentwayofteaching?答案：A.Itisunhelpfultostudents’learning.点评：本篇文章主要论述要让孩子们学着自己判断事情。目前的教学方法对学生学习没有什么帮助作用，老师认为学生不能发现他们自己身上的错误，孩子习得一件事情是通过把自己的行为和其他人的行为作对比而来的，而这就逐渐让孩子们失去了自己，变成了其他人，从而慢慢产生依赖感。文章结尾暗示作者对这种教学方法是不赞成的，同时，提出老师的工作是应该帮助孩子们找到正确答案的方法，而不是什么都为他们做好安排好。SectionCTimeis,fortheaverageAmerican,ofutmostimportance.Totheforeignvisitor,Americansseemtobemoreconcernedwithgettingthingsaccomplishedontime(accordingtoapredeterminedschedule)thantheyarewithdevelopingdeepinterpersonalrelations.Schedules,fortheAmerican,aremeanttobeplannedandthenfollowedinthesmallestdetail.ItmayseemtoyouthatmostAmericansarecompletelycontrolledbythelittlemachinestheywearontheirwrists,cuttingtheirdiscussionsoffabruptlytomakeittotheirnextappointmentontime.Americans’languageisfilledwithreferencestotime,givingaclearindicationofhowmuchitisvalued.Timeissomethingtobe“on,”tobe“kept,”“filled,”“saved,”“wasted,”“gained,”“planned,”“given,”“madethemostof,”even“killed.”Theinternationalvisitorsoonlearnsthatitisconsideredveryrudetobelate--evenby10minutes--foranappointmentinAmerica.TimeissovaluedinAmerica,becausebyconsideringtimetobeimportantonecanclearlyachievemorethanifone“wastes”timeanddoesn’tkeepbusy.Thisphilosophyhasprovenitsworth.IthasenabledAmericanstobeextremelyproductive,andproductivityitselfishighlyvaluedinAmerica.ManyAmericanproverbsstressthevalueofguardingtime,usingitwisely,andsettingandworkingtowardspecificgoals.Americansbelieveinspendingtheirtimeandenergytodaysothatthefruitsoftheirlabormaybeenjoyedatalatertime.答案：36.erpersonal39.detail.40.controlled41.abruptly42.references43.indication44.itisconsideredveryrudetobelate--evenby10minutes--foranappointmentinAmerica.45.IthasenabledAmericanstobeextremelyproductive,andproductivityitselfishighlyvaluedinAmerica.46.Americansbelieveinspendingtheirtimeandenergytodaysothatthefruitsoftheirlabormaybeenjoyedatalatertime.原文出处：http://www.prehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA47.Ntaking48.Dconcern49.Mstop50.Bavailable51.Iprefer52.Lspecify53.Ovariety54.Gnationwide55.Fitems56.Ecriteria这是一篇新闻报道类的文章，关于美国一些著名餐公司开始意识到快餐对对其青少年健康的不良影响，并开始采取相应措施改变这一现状。这是美国最近的热门话题，沪江经济学人新闻听写12月16日的的听写内容关于麦当劳的一篇文章与之就是类似的主题。对于考生来说这一话题也并不陌生，从内容上来还是比较容易理解的。47.Ntakeacuefrom固定搭配，表示按„的指点行事。48.D在快餐在儿童中引起肥胖症的现象受到越来越多关注的背景之下，19家公司宣誓将为儿童提供更多健康的菜单选择，结合上下文可知空格处应填concern49.M因为上一段刚刚提到快餐引起儿童肥胖的问题获得了越来越多的重视，第2段顺承上面的内容，讲到汉堡王采取的相应措施：将从本月起停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水.所以填stop。50前面说了将停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水，根据although知道内容上应该是一个转折，所以后面应该是stillavailable，仍然可以买得到。51.这句话涉及到一个比较，whether...or,选项中只有prefer一个课用于比较，所以空格处填prefer.52.这是紧接着上一句的，上面刚刚讲到问顾客是选择套餐时是更喜欢选牛奶还是苹果片，这是一种将顾客的需求具体化，所以填specify。53.avarietyof固定搭配，各种各样的。在这句话中是指其他参与将为美国儿童提供更健康的事物的快餐店，也提供各种各样的菜单选择。54.结合上下文可知，(KidLiveWell)“让孩子们生活的更好”运动应该是全国范围内展开的一场大型运动，所以填nationwide。通过第三段第一句话的后半句可以看出，儿童的每顿饭中要包含冒号之后部分的食物中的至少两项，所以55空填item，指的是后面的选项。56.前面提到的食物都是低脂、第卡路里的健康食物，最后一句中提到在其他的要求中，餐馆提供的附加菜必须满足同样的要求,所以填criteriaSectionBAsyouareprobablyaware,thelatestjobmarketsnewsisn’tgood:Unemploymentisstillmorethan9percent,andnewjobgrowthhasfallenclosetozero.That’sbadfortheeconomy,ofcourse.Anditmaybeespeciallydiscouragingifyouhappentobelookingforajoborhopingtochangecareersrightnow.Butitactuallyshouldn’tmattertoyounearlyasmuchasyouthink.That’sbecausejobgrowthnumbersdon’tmattertojobhuntersasmuchasjobturnoverdata.Afterall,existingjobsopenupeverydayduetopromotions,resignations,terminations,andretirements.(Yes,peopleareretiringeveninthiseconomy.)Inbothgoodtimesandbad,turnovercreatesmoreopeningsthaneconomicgrowthdoes.EveninJuneof20XX,whentheeconomywasstillhummingalong,jobgrowthwasonly132,000,whileturnoverwas4.7million!Andasitturnsout,eventoday—withjobgrowthnearzero—over4millionjobhuntersarebeinghiredeverymonth.Idon’tmeantoimplythatoveralljobgrowthdoesn’thaveanimpactonone’sabilitytolandajob.It’struethatiftotalemploymentwerehigher,itwouldmeanmorejobsforallofustochoosefrom(andcompetefor).Andit’struethattherearecurrentlymorepeopleapplyingforeachavailablejobopening,regardlessofwhetherit’sanewoneornot.Butwhatoftendistinguishesthosewholandjobsfromthosewhodon’tistheirabilitytostaymotivated.They’rewillingtodothehardworkofidentifyingtheirvaluableskills;becreativeaboutwhereandhowtolook;learnhowtopresentthemselvestopotentialemployers;andkeepgoing,evenafterrepeatedrejections.TheBureauofLaborStatisticsdatashowsthat2.7millionpeoplewhowantedandwereavailableforworkhadn’tlookedwithinthelastfourweeksandwerenolongerevenclassifiedasunemployed.Sodon’tlettheheadlinesfoolyouintogivingup.FourmillionpeoplegethiredeverymonthintheU.S.Youcanbeoneofthem.57.Theauthortendstobelievethathighunemploymentrate______?A)deprivesmanypeopleofjobopportunities.B)preventsmanypeoplefromchangingcareers.C)shouldnotstoppeoplefromlookingforajob.D)doesnotmeantheU.S.economyisworsening.58.Wheredomostjobopeningscomefrom?A)JobgrowthB)JobturnoverC)ImprovedeconomyD)Businessexpansion59.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoveralljobgrowth?A)Itdoesn’thavemucheffectonindividualjobseekers.B)Itincreasespeople’sconfidenceintheeconomy.C)Itgivesarayofhopetotheunemployed.D)Itdoesn’tmeangreaterjobsecurityfortheemployed.60.Whatisthekeytolandingajobaccordingtotheauthor?A)EducationB)IntelligenceC)PersistenceD)Experience61.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageabouttheunemploymentfiguresintheUS?A)Theyclearlyindicatehowhealthytheeconomyis.B)Theyprovidethepublicwiththelatestinformation.C)Theywarnofthestructuralproblemsintheeconomy.D)Theyexcludethosewhohavestoppedlookingforajob.SB__1答案点评：本篇文章选自TIME周刊的财经板块，原文标题为“WhyJobHuntersShouldn’tWorrySoMuchAboutPaltryJobGrowth”，文章主要表达了这样一种观点，即找工作的人不必太在意官方提供的高失业率，就业增长等数据，原因在于这些并不等说明现实情况，比如：人员更替带来了更多的职位空缺，因此，即便是经济增速缓慢，就业增长为零，依然还是有很多的职位空缺存在。所以，如作者最后点睛所言，Sodon’tlettheheadlinesfoolyouintogivingup.不灰心不放弃。从整体语言难度来说，文章难度不是很大，财经相关的一些词汇基本都是大家比较熟悉的。并没有出现过高难度的长难句以及词汇，整体理解起来也相对容易。今后大家还应当继续注重一些商务词汇的表达，如jobturnover（人员更替），termination解雇，landjobs找工作，等等。57.Theauthortendstobelievethathighunemploymentrate______?答案：C.shouldnotstoppeoplefromlookingforajob.解析：本题重点考察作者观点。题干问在作者看来，高失业率怎么样？锁定原文第一段，虽然第一段中的badfortheeconomy，discouraging，changecareers等字眼跟选项ABD当中的词汇很类似，但是要注意的是，真正表达作者观点的是第一段最后一句Butitactuallyshouldn’tmattertoyounearlyasmuchasyouthink。其实高失业率跟你没太大关系。包括原文最后一段第一句“Sodon’tlettheheadlinesfoolyouintogivingup.”所以，综上所述，它不该给你找工作带来阻碍，引申意思就是该怎么办就怎么办，不要在意官方统计的高失业率。58.Wheredomostjobopeningscomefrom?答案：B.Jobturnover解析：本题属于细节考查题。题干问大部分的职位空缺来自于哪里？根据四个选项，可以用排除法将businessexpansion排除，因为原文并未提及。再剩下的三个选项中，根据原文第二段的第一句jobgrowthnumbersdon’tmattertojobhuntersasmuchasjobturnoverdata以及turnovercreatesmoreopeningsthaneconomicgrowthdoes.可以确定人员更替（turnover）提供了更多的职位空缺，因此答案为Jobturnover。59.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoveralljobgrowth?答案：A.Itdoesn’thavemucheffectonindividualjobseekers.解析：本题继续考察作者观点。题干问作者对于整体就业增长（overalljobgrowth）的态度是怎样的，可以定位到原文倒数第三段，关键是第一句：Idon’tmeantoimplythatoveralljobgrowthdoesn’thaveanimpactonone’sabilitytolandajob.此处用到双重否定，“我并不是说整体就业增长对一个人找工作没有丝毫影响”，也就是说“有一定影响，但是没有那么大”所以答案是A，而BCD选项的confidence，hope，jobsecurity原文并未提及。60.Whatisthekeytolandingajobaccordingtotheauthor?答案：C.Persistence解析：本题属于细节考查题。定位原文倒数第二段第一句Butwhatoftendistinguishesthosewholandjobsfromthosewhodon’tistheirabilitytostaymotivated.关键词是staymotivated61.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageabouttheunemploymentfiguresintheUS?答案：D.Theyexcludethosewhohavestoppedlookingforajob.解析：本题属于细节考查题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句TheBureauofLaborStatisticsdatashowsthat2.7millionpeoplewhowantedandwereavailableforworkhadn’tlookedwithinthelastfourweeksandwerenolongerevenclassifiedasunemployed.可知答案选D，那一部分人已经被排除掉了，所以失业率这个数据是有水分的。Ourriskofcancerrisesdramaticallyasweage.Soitmakessensethattheelderlyshouldberoutinelyscreenedfornewtumors—ordoesn’tit?Whilesuchvigilant（警觉的）trackingofcancerisagoodthingingeneral,researchersareincreasinglyquestioningwhetherallofthistestingisnecessaryfortheelderly.Withthepercentageofpeopleoverage65expectedtonearlydoubleby20XX,it’simportanttoweighthehealthbenefitsofscreeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutinetesting.Inmanycases,screeningcanleadtoadditionalbiopsiesandsurgeriestoremovecancer,whichcancausesideeffects,whilethecancersthemselvesmaybeslow-growingandmaynotposeserioushealthproblemsinpatients’remainingyears.Butthemessagethateveryonemustscreenforcancerhasbecomesoingrainedthatwhenhealthcareexpertsrecommendedthatwomenunder50andover74stopscreeningforbreastcancer,itcausedariotousreactionamongdoctors,patientsandadvocacygroups.It’shardtouprootdeeplyheldbeliefsaboutcancerscreeningwithscientificdata.Certainly,therearepeopleoverage75whohavehadcancersdetectedbyroutinescreening,andgainedseveralextrayearsoflifebecauseoftreatment.Andclearly,peopleoverage75whohaveotherriskfactorsforcancer,suchasafamilyhistoryorpriorpersonalexperiencewiththedisease,shouldcontinuetogetscreenedregularly.Butfortheremainder,theriskofcancer,whileincreasedattheendoflife,mustbebalancedwithotherfactorslikeremaininglifeexpectancy（预期寿命）.Arecentstudysuggeststhatdoctorsstarttomakemoreobjectivedecisionsaboutwhowilltrulybenefitfromscreening-especiallyconsideringtheexplosionoftheelderlythatwillsoonswellourpopulation.It’snotaneasycalculationtomake,butonethatmakesenseforthewholepatient.Dr.OtisBrawleysaid,“Manydoctorsareorderingthesetestspurelytocoverthemselves.Weneedtothinkabouttherationaluseofhealthcareandstoptalkingabouttherationingofhealthcare.”Thatmeansmakingsomedifficultdecisionswithelderlypatients,andgoingagainstthemisguidedbeliefthatwhenitcomestohealthcare,moreisalwaysbetter.62.Whydodoctor