虚拟语气之引导的虚拟条件句

关于虚拟语气之引导的虚拟条件句第1页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三If第2页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfI_____aswan(天鹅),I'dbegone.IfI

_____atrain,I'dbelate.AndifI

_____agoodman,I'dtalkwithyoumoreoftenthanIdo.IfI

_____tosleep,I

__________.IfI

_____afraid,I

___________.IfIgoinsane,pleasedon'tput

yourwiresinmybrain.第3页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfI_____themoon,I'dbecool.IfI_____arule,I_________________.IfI_____agoodman,I'dunderstandthespacesbetweenfriends.IfI_____alone,I__________________.andifI______withyou,I'dbehomeanddry.andifIgoinsane,Willyoustillletmejoininwiththegame?第4页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfI_____aswan(天鹅),I'dbegone.IfI

_____atrain,I'dbelate.AndifI

_____agoodman,I'dtalkwithyoumoreoftenthanIdo.IfI

_____tosleep,I

__________.IfI

_____afraid,I

___________.IfIgoinsane,pleasedon'tput

yourwiresinmybrain.werewerewerewerewerecouldcoulddreamhide第5页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfI_____themoon,I'dbecool.IfI_____arule,Iwouldbend.IfI_____agoodman,I'dunderstandthespacesbetweenfriends.IfI_____alone,I__________________.andifI______withyou,I'dbehomeanddry.andifIgoinsane,Willyoustillletmejoininwiththegame?werewerewerewerewerewouldcryQustions:Isheaswan?Isheatrain?Ishethemoon?No,heisn’t.第6页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood在表示一种纯属假设的情况或主观愿望时（情况与事实相反或者不太可能成为事实），动词需用一种特殊形式---虚拟语气------if条件句中的虚拟语气(虚拟条件句)第7页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfI_________tworabbitsyesterday,I______________anotherbigmeal.(get,have)hadgot

couldhavehad表示过去情况的虚拟第8页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三卖火柴的小女孩IfI________amatchtoday,I________homenow.(sell,go)soldcouldgo表示现在情况的虚拟第9页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfI

__________________________________ahumanbeingtomorrow,I__________thehappiestgirlintheworld.(become,be)shouldbecome/weretobecome/becamewouldbe美人鱼的故事表示将来情况的虚拟第10页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfJackieChan______astallasYaoMing,he__________basketballinNBA.(be,play)werewouldplay表示现在情况的虚拟第11页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IftheGod________________________meanotherchance，I___________thegirl:Iloveyou!(give,tell)shouldgive/weretogive/gavewouldtell表示将来情况的虚拟第12页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IftheGod________________________meanotherchance，I___________thegirl:Iloveyou!If

JackieChan______astallasYaoMing,he__________basketballinNBA.IfI

______________ahumanbeingtomorrow,I__________thehappiestgirlintheworld.IfI___________amatchtoday,I____________________homenow.IfI_________tworabbitsyesterday,I______________anotherbigmeal.shouldgive/weretogive/gavewouldtellhadgot

couldhavehadwerewouldplayshouldbecomewouldbesoldcouldgo第13页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三时间If条件从句主句were/V-edWould/should/might/could)

+havedonehaddonev-ed╱shoulddo╱

weretodowould(sh~/m~/c~)+dowould(sh~/m~/c~...)

+do过去现在将来虚拟语气在条件句中的基本情况归纳：第14页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三Let’sputitintouse.------Aconversationaboutalovestory

TomPeter第15页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三Tom:Hi,Peter.Whydoyoulookupset.What’swrong?Peter:Janerefusedtomarryme.Ifshe

____________(accept)me

yesterday,I________________(be)thehappiestman.Tom:Cheerup,Peter!IfI

______(be)you,I

____________(send)heranotherbunchofrosesrightnow.Peter:Oh,yes!That’sagoodidea!Tom:Mayyousucceed!Peter:Oh,Jane,pleasemarryme!Ifyou____________________________________(marry)me

tomorrow,you___________(do)whatyoulike.had

acceptedwouldhavebeenwerewouldsendshouldmarrycoulddo/weretomarry/married第16页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三Ifhehadnotstayeduplastnight,hewouldnotbesosleepynow.LastnightToday如果他昨晚没有熬夜，他现在就不会如此疲倦。（stayup）

if条件句中虚拟的特殊情况：从句说的是过去，主句说的是现在第17页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三（1）错综虚拟句：当虚拟条件句所表示的与主句表示的时间不一致时，主从句根据各自所发生的时间选用虚拟语气形式。

Ifyouhadtakenmyadviceyesterday,you

wouldbemuchbetternow.IfI___________________________(nothave)anexamtomorrowmorning,I______________(go)shoppingwithyouyesterday.IfI____________(work)hardinSeniorHigh,I______________(notbe)amiserableteachernow.

werenottohave/shouldnothave/didn’thave

wouldhavegonehadworkedwouldn’tbe第18页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三（2）虚拟条件句的省略：if虚拟条件句中若含有were,had或should，可把if省掉，并把were,had或should提到句首。Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Had

youcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.

Ifyouweretofallill,Iwouldbeworried.Wereyou

tofallill,Iwouldbeworried.

Ifyoushouldneedanything,youcouldcallme.Shouldyouneedanything,youcouldcallme.第19页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三IfIwereTom,Iwouldrefuse.WereITom,Iwouldrefuse.Ifsheshouldbeinterested,Iwillphoneher.Shouldshebeinterested,Iwillphoneher.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavemetyouattheairport.HadIknownyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavemetyouattheairport.第20页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三Withoutwater(看作条件从句),

we

couldnotlive（看作主句）.Iftherewerenowater,wecouldnotlive.

Without/butforyourhelp,

Iwouldhavefailed.Ifyouhadnothelpedme,Iwouldhave

failed.Myparentslentmemoney.Otherwise,Icould

notaffordthetrip.Ifmyparentshadn’tlentme

money,Icouldnotaffordthetrip.Irushedoutintime,orIwouldhavebeen

buriedintheruins.IfIhadn’trushedoutintime,Iwouldhavebeenburiedintheruins.(3)含蓄虚拟句：有些假设的条件不通过条件从句表现出来，而是暗含在上下文或with,without;or,otherwise,butfor等引出的短语中。第21页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三高考题：

1.(2011全国卷,32)

They

______

have

arrived

at

lunchtime

but

their

flight

was

delayed.

A.will

B.can

C.must

D.should

第22页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三（2011北京卷,30）

Maybe

if

I

______

science,

and

not

literature

then,

I

would

be

able

to

give

you

more

help.A.

studied

B.

would

study

C.

had

studied

D.

was

studying第23页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三（2011天津卷,15）

I

______

sooner

but

I

didn’t

know

that

they

were

waiting

for

me.

A.

had

come

B.

was

coming

C.

would

come

D.

would

have

come

第24页，讲稿共29页，2023年5月2日，星期三8.（2011江苏卷,34）

I

left

my

handbag

on

the

train,

but

luckily

someone

gave

it

to

a

railway

official.

——How

unbelievable

to

get

it

back!

I

mean,

someone

______

it.