大家说英语空中09年0903sc钻石vip新

空中英语之家荣誉【英格 筹建中 PAST, ephonehascomealongwaysinceitsearly在和未來”TheephonehascomealongwaysinceitsearlydaysImagineusingsmokesignals,carrierpigeonsorridersonhorsebacktosendanimportantmessage.Althoughthosemethodsmaysoundstrange,yearsagopeopleusedthemtocommunicate.Today,alla hastodoispickupaephone.Theephonewasborninthe19thcentury.Bythe1840s,egraphswerethemainformoflongdistancecommunication.Butthesemachineswereveryslow.Afteryearsofwork,AlexanderGrahamBellreceivedapatentfortheephone.ThishappenedonMarch7,1876,andthreedayslaterBellmadetheworld’sfirstphonecall.Hesenthisvoiceintothenextroomusingcopperwireandsoundwaves.Hisassistantheardasimplemessage:”Watson,comehere;Iwantyou.”Communicationchangedforever.AhighpriceInitially, ephoneservicewasveryexpensive.In1927athree-minutecallfromNewYorktoLondoncostUS$75!ThatwouldbeequaltospendingUS$895onthesamephonecalltoday!communicate(v)通訊；傳達egraph(n)電報communication(n)通訊；傳達copper(n)銅carrierpigeon(n)信鴿patent(n)專利權；專利電話自問世迄今已有長足的進步不妨想像一hastodoispickupall…todoisto，五來打這通電話。 etoStudioClassroomWorldwide.MynameisSteve.ThankyouforjoiningustodayandstudyingEnglishwithushere.Well,let’simagineforamomentlivingatatimewhentherewerenoephones.Thatwouldbeprettydifficult,right?Maybethat’sbecausetodayweusephonessomuch.Homephonesands.It’seasytotakethemforgranted.Butonceinawhile,wearedtostopandthinkabouthowimportantphoneshave etous.Thiscanhappenwhenourcellphonebatterygoesdead.Hasthateverhappenedtoyou?Well,let’stakealookatafewnewwordsforthislesson.Thefirstiscommunicate.Atthebeginningofschool,Mrs.Smithtriedtocommunicatehergoaltoallofherstudents’parents.Thesecondwordisegraphas:InWorldWarOne,soldierssentmessagesbacktotheirfamiliesusing thethirdwordisthenounversionofcommunicate.It’sthewordcommunicationas municationwaslostbetweentheairneandtheairportduringthestorm.Allright.Let’sjumpintoourlesson.Joinusaswestarttoreadnow.We’reonpageten.Theephone:Past,PresentandFuture.Theephonehascomealongwaysinceitsearlydays.Imagineusingsmokesignals,carrierpigeonsorridersonhorsebacktosendanimportantmessage.Althoughthosemethodsmaysoundstrange,yearsagopeopleusedthemtocommunicate.Today,alla hastodoispickupaephone.Theephonewasborninthenineteenthcentury.Bythe communication.Butthesemachineswereveryslow.Afteryearsofwork,AlexanderGrahamBellreceivedapatentforthe etoStudioClassroom.I’mEsther.AndI’mChelsea.Andtodaywe’regoingtobetalkingaboutaninventionthatmostofyouareprobablyfamiliarwith:Theephone.Theephone.Andthisisaelectronicdeviceoramachinethatweusetocommunicateortotalktootherpeople.Andourdecksaysthattheephonehascomealongwaysinceitsearlydays.We’retalkingaboutthepast,presentandfutureoftheephone.Thatmeansthatithasseenmanyimprovementsovertheyears.Sofirstlet’stalkaboutthepast.Whatitwaslikeinthepastoryears signals, riders horsebacktosendanimportantmessage.Sopeopleusedtosendmessagesinthesethreedifferentways.Nowcarrierpigeons,thatsoundskindofstrange.Butacarrierpigeonisactuallyabirdthattheyusedtousewaybackbeforeephones,andthisbirdwouldflywithamessagetosomeoneelse.Andthenthatbirdwouldcomebackhome.Theymust’vebeenverysmartbirds.Yes.Thesebirdsweretrainedtocarrymessages.Peoplealsousedsmokesignals.Sotheywouldburnthings,coalorothermaterialsandsentsmokeintheairandthesesentmessages.Alsopeoplegotmessagesandpeoplecarriedthemonthebackofhorses.That’swhywecall...callitonhorseback.Nowalthoughthosemessagesmaysoundstrangetoustoday,yearsagopeopleusedthemtocommunicate.Nowcommunicateisaverbthat’sveryimportantinEnglish.Ifyoucommunicate,whatdoesthatmean,Esther?Itmeansthatyouareexchanginginformation.Maybeyou’retalkingusingwordsorpicturesorevenmusictomakecontact,tomake...toexchangeinformation.Yes.Andsometimeswhenyoucommunicate,itcanbewithwordsaswe’re ngnow.Wecallitverbally.Sometimesitcanbenonverbal,andthosearethegesturesandthemotionsyoumakesometimeswithyourfaceorwithyourhands.Yes.Sopeopleusedtonotbeabletotalktoeachotheroverthephonebecausethephone...ephoneorphonewasn’tinvented.Andwe’llfindouttodaywhenitwasinvented.Butnowalla hastodoistopickuptheephoneandtheycan friends.Yes, communicatebyephonetoday.Let’sfindouthowitusedtobe century.Thatmeansitwasinventedandstartedbeingusedinthenineteenthcentury.Bytheeighteenthforties, egraphswerethemain that’segraph,notephone.What’saegraph,Esther?Well,aegraphisdifferentfromaephone.Aegraphisawayofsendingmessagesthroughelectricwiresorradiowaves.Maybeyou’veseenanoldmovieandtheyhavetogotoaspecialstationandpaymoneyandlthemwhattheywantto thatthesemachineswereveryslow.Ittookaverylongtimetosendamessagewaybackintheeighteenforties.Butafteryearsofwork,amannamedAlexanderGrahamBellreceivedapatentforthe isoneofourMoreInformationwords.Ifyouhavetogetapatentforsomething,whatexactlydoesthatmean?Well,apatentisaspecial organizations.Andthis givesyoupermissionsothatyoucansellsomethingthatyouinvented,sellsomethingyoumade.Soforexample,forpeoplewhoinventedthefaxmachineandephone,andanyspecialthingssomeoneinvents,theywillneedtogetapatentsotheycansellthis,andalsosootherpeoplewon’tcopywhattheyinvented.Ican’tevenimaginenothavingaephonetoday.Youknowweuseephonessooften.AndeverysingledayIuseaephone.AndifIdidn’thaveone,Ithinkitwouldbehardtocommunicate.SoI’mthankfulforAlexanderGrahamBell’sinvention.Yes,andheisaveryimportant .Youcanreadmoreabouthimonline.Andhespentalotoftimeandhardworktoinventtheephone.Wellfriends,nowwe’regoingtogiveyoumoreinformationaboutAlexanderBellandhisotherinventions.Thenwe’llgototheChatRoomandcomebackafterthebreak.AlexanderGrahamBell’sinventivegeniustouchedmanyareasofscience.Inadditiontotheephone,Bellhadpatentsforametaldetector,aphonograph,adevicetolocateicebergsandanothertodetectminorhearingproblems.Bellwasalsosomethingofaprophet,foreseeingthedifficultiesindustrialpollutionwouldhaveontheenvironment,andsoexploredalternativeenergysources,likesolar etotheChatRoom.I’mKen.We’rehappytohaveDorishereforachattoday.Hi,Doris.Well,hi,Ken.Hi,everyone.It’sgoodtobebackintheChatRoomagain.Doris,let’schataboutdatestoday.Wereadinthelesson:Theephonewasborninthenineteenthcentury.Bytheeighteenforties egraphswerethemainformoflong-distancecommunication.Itseemslikewe’regoingbackintimefromthenineteenthcenturytotheeighteenforties.Oh,youneedtobecareful,Ken.Theeighteenfortiesareinthenineteenthcentury.Theeighteenfortiesareinthenineteenthcentury?Butoneiseighteen.Theotherisnineteen.Weneedtounderstandhowyearsarenumberedinourcalendar.IfwegobacktothefirstonehundredyearsfromADzerotoADninety-nine,wewouldbeinthefirstcentury.AfterweenterADonehundred,we’dbeinthesecondcentury.SoADonehundredtoADonehundredninety-ninewouldbethesecondcentury.Oh,Igetit.Sonowwe’reintheyeartwothousandnine.We’reinthetwenty-firstcentury?Right.AndwhatdoesADstandfor?Well,ADistheabbreviationfortheLatinterm:AnnoDomini,whichmeansintheyearofourLord.SoADactuallymarksthebirthofJesus.WhataboutthetimebeforeJesuswasborn?Well,whenwoulduseBC,whichstandsforBeforeChrist.Isee.().Well,let’snowtakeabreak.StudioClassroomwillberight ebackfromthebreak.Ifyou’vejustjoinedus,we’retalkingabouttheephone.Nowbeforetheephone,peopleuseothermethodsofcommunication.Thosemethodsweresometimesunreliableandcertainly,bytoday’sstandards,extremelyslow.Theephonedefiniychangedthewaywecommunicate.Theonehundredthirty-thirdoftheveryfirstephonecalliscomingupnextweek.We’llfindoutwhatkindofconversationthatwasafterwelookattheword:copper,asin:Thefamouschefusedalargecopperpottoboilthenoodles.OK.Let’sgetbacktothereading.Theephone:Past,PresentandFuture.We’restillonpageten.Butnowwe’restartingthereadingonlinetwelve.Theephone:Past,PresentandFuture.ThishappenedonMarchseventh,eighteenseventy-six,andthreedayslaterBellmadetheworld’sfirstphonecall.Hesenthisvoiceintothenextroomusingcopperwireandsoundwaves.Hisassistantheardasimplemessage:”Watson,comehere;Iwantyou.”.Communicationchangedforever.Ahighprice.Initially,ephoneservicewasveryexpensive.Innineteentwenty-sevenathree-minutecallfromNewYorktoLondoncostseventy-fiveUSdollars!Thatwouldbeequaltospendingeighthundredandninety-fiveUSdollarsonthesamephonecall eback,friends.We’reheretodaytalkingaboutaveryimportantinvention:theephone.Andwe’vejustlearnedthatitwasn’talwayssoeasytocommunicate.PeoplestartedoutwiththeveryslowegraphuntilamannamedAlexanderGrahamBellcamealong,andinventedtheephoneandgotapatent.NowyourtextsaysthatthishappenedonMarchseventh,eighteenseventy-six,andthreedayslaterBellmadetheworld’sfirstphonecall.Esther,thisisveryinteresting.Howdidhedothat?Very,veryexciting.Well,whathedidwasheusedcopperwire.Andwhatcopperis,it’saredbrownkindofmetal,andit’s...itcan...apparentlyitcantransmitsoundwaves.Soitcarriesthesesoundwaves.Andheusedthecopperwireandsoundwaves,andhewasinoneroomandhisassistantwasinanotherroom,andheusedthismethodof...Maybehehadcopperoracanbyhisearandhisassistanthadanothercan,andwiththecopperwirehespoketohisassistant.Andwhatdidhesay,Chelsea?Well,itwasaverysimplemessage,Esther.Hejustsaid:Watson,comehere;Iwantyou.Andamazinglyenough,Watsoninthenextroomheardthatmessage.Andthefirstephonewastheninvented.Anditworked.Wow.Thiswasagreatinvention.Itchanged municationchangedforever.Soneveragaindidpeoplemakecontactortalktoeachotherorsignaltoeachotherinthesameway,becausefromthatdayon,theycouldstartusingtheephoneto communicationisactuallyoneofourWordBankwords.Itappearsalittlebitearlierinyour municationistheactofcommunicating.Welearnedthatverbcommunicateearlier municationisexchangingideasandfeelingsandinformation.AndweknowthatwithAlexanderGrahamBell’sinvention,communicationchangedforever.Yes.Andifyouwanttotry,thisissomethingthatyoucanpracticeorjusthavefunwithathome.Maybeyouhaveyoungchildren,getthemtwometalcansandapieceofstring,orifyouhaveametalwire,thenyoucanlinkthemtogether.Andyoucanstandoneendandtalk.Andit’ll...willbeveryinterestingbecausethesoundwaveswilltravelonthatpieceofstringormetalwire,andthe ontheotherendcanhearwhatthat saying.Thisisveryinteresting.IrememberngthiswhenIwasalittlegirlinoneofmyclasses,andweallhadtopairupwithapartnerandmakeourownephone.Anditreallyworks.Youcanhearthepeopleontheotherendofthecan.SoasEsthersaid,thismightbesomethingthatyouwanttotryathome.Nowlet’sgetbacktoourtext.ThenextsectioniscalledAhighprice.Whyisitcalledahighprice?Well,atfirst,whentheyfirstbeganmakingephonecalls,itwasveryexpensive.Ourtextusesthisword:initially.Initiallymeansintheverybeginningoratthebeginning.Soinitially,ephoneservicewasveryexpensive.Infact,innineteentwenty-sevenathree-minutecallfromNewYork,Americato expensive.Thatisveryexpensive.Buttoputitevenmoreinto,let’slookatthenextsentencethatsays:Thatwouldbeequaltospendingeighthundredandninety-fiveUSdollarsonthesamephonecalltoday!CanyouimaginespendingalmostninehundredUSdollarsononephonecall?Andonlyathree-minutephonecall!It’sveryhardformetoimagine.Ofcourse,theamountofmoneyseventy-fivedollarsbackthenisalotmoretoday.Butwhenwethinkaboutit,nine...almostninehundreddollarsforonephonecall,itwasextremelyexpensive.Andmaybethat’swhypeopledidn’tmakephonecallsveryregularly.Whenephonesactuallyfirstcameout,itwasonlythewealthypeoplewhocouldaffordthem.Mostpeopledidnothaveaephoneintheirhomeasmostofyouprobablyhaveinyourhomestoday.Butonlythewealthypeoplecouldmakephonecallsasyoucansee,becausetheyweresoexpensive.I’mverythankfulthatwehaveephonesinourhomesandofficestoday.Andthatitisnotsoexpensivetomakeaphonecall.Sofriends,pickupthephoneandcallyourfamilyandfriendsandmakethebestuseofthiswonderfulinventiontoday.Well,nowlet’swatchaskit.(BackgroudNoise).Whatare ng?I’msendingsmokesignals.Ihaveanimportantmessagetosendtomyfriend.(BackgroudNoise).Youshoul