福建省福州第八中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考英语试卷（解析版）

第22页/共23页福州八中2022—2023学年第二学期期末考试高二英语考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthespeakersdolastweekend?A.Theywentclimbing.B.Theyplayedfootball.C.Theywatchedamatch.2.Whenwasthemeetingscheduled?A.At6:00.B.At6:30.C.At7:00.3.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthestore?A.Theclothes.B.Theservice.C.Theprice.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheshow?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Educational.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thesea.B.Theweekendplan.C.Theweather.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Saturday.B.Friday.C.Monday.7.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Shehasnotimetoprepare.B.Nobodycanleadthedancegroup.C.Therearen’tenoughpeopleinthegroup.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastore.B.Inastreet.C.Inacafe.9.Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?A.HeforgottosendanemailB.Hehastomakeaphonecall.C.Helefthiswalletintheoffice.10Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Speakwithhermanager.B.Visitanotherlocation.C.Eatinthecafe.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Acustomerservicerepresentative.B.Atravelagent.C.Arepairman.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Callhisson.B.Givesomedetails.C.Signaform.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Hersonlivesabroadnow.B.Shewillgotovisithersonsoon.C.Sheshouldmakepaymentfromthismonth.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题.14.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hestartedanewjob.B.Heregisteredforaclass.C.Hedidsomeshoppingonline.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Posters.B.Paintings.C.Brushes.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotoastore.B.Askaboutasale.C.Emailtheman.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowmuchisthetickettotheOceanPark?A.£2.00.B.£6.50.C.£8.50.18.Whatisunavailableduringthetrip?A.Lunch.B.Water.C.Fruit.19.Whatwillthelistenersdoat2:30nextTuesday?A.Listentoatalk.B.Dosomeworksheets.C.Watchthesharksbeingfed.20.WhatisthetopicofthetalkfornextTuesday?A.Theocean.B.Sharks.C.Penguins.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheFredHollowsFoundationhasaverycleargoal:we’reputtinganendtoavoidableblindness.Whenthisdaycomes,peopleindevelopingcountrieswillgetthesamequalityeyecaretherestoftheworldtakesforgranted-andwewon'tstopuntilthisisdone.TheFredHollowsFoundationnowworksinmorethan25countriesandhasrestoredsighttoovertwoandahalfmillionpeopleworldwide.Thiscouldn’thavebeenachievedwithoutthegreatsupportoftheAustralianpublic.We’reasdeterminednowasevertoendavoidableblindness.4outof5peoplewhoareblinddon'tneedtobe-thereremainssomuchtodo.FredHollowsisalegendaryAustralianwhoseworkcontinuestochangetheworldtoday.Frednevertooknoforananswer,andheneverletanyonetellhimsomethingcouldn’tbedone-especiallywhenitcametorestoringsight.Theworkhestartedallthoseyearsagoshowedusthatonepersonreallycanmakeadifference.Andsocanyou,bybecomingamonthlydonor.JoinFred’sTeamBygivingasmalldonationeverymonth,youwillbejoiningFred’steam.Monthlygivingisthemosteffectivewaytodonate-wecountonyourmonthlydonationstobeabletoplanaheadandprovidesupporttopeoplelivingwithavoidableblindnessinover25countriesaroundtheworldBecomeamonthlydonorandkeepFred'svisionalive.·$25(Yourmonthlygiftwillhelprestoresighttooneperson)·$50(Yourmonthlygiftwillhelprestoresighttotwopersons)·$100(Yourmonthlygiftwillhelprestoresighttofourpersons)·$200(Yourmonthlygiftwillhelpbuildaneyeclinic)Helpusbydonatinganamountofyourchoice.1.What’stheaimoftheFredHollowsFoundation?A.Toavoidblindness. B.Tobringhealthtotheblind.C.Tohelptheneedlesslyblindrecoversight. D.Tocurepeople’seyesindevelopedcountries.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFredHollows?A.Patient. B.Considerate. C.Popular. D.Determined.3.Howmuchshouldyoudonatemonthlytohelp3persons?A.$50. B.$75. C.$100. D.$200.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的TheFredHollows基金组织。该组织目的是帮助那些不必要的盲人恢复视力。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheFredHollowsFoundationhasaverycleargoal:we’reputtinganendtoavoidableblindness.”(弗雷德·霍洛斯基金会有一个非常明确的目标：我们要终结可以避免的失明。)可知，该基金的目标是帮助那些不必要的盲人恢复视力。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“FredHollowsisalegendaryAustralianwhoseworkcontinuestochangetheworldtoday.Frednevertooknoforananswer,andheneverletanyonetellhimsomethingcouldn’tbedone-especiallywhenitcametorestoringsight.”(弗雷德·霍洛斯是一位传奇的澳大利亚人，他的工作至今仍在改变着世界。弗雷德从不接受否定的回答，他从不让任何人告诉他一些做不到的事情——特别是在恢复视力方面。)可知，他是一个坚决的人。D选项determined意为“坚决的”符合句意。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“$25(Yourmonthlygiftwillhelprestoresighttooneperson)$50(Yourmonthlygiftwillhelprestoresighttotwopersons)”(25美元将帮助一个人恢复视力；50美元将帮助两个人恢复视力。)可知，帮助三个人恢复视力则需要每个月捐赠75美元。故选B。BTobehonest,I’vebeenmissingtheonlineshoppingexperienceinChinasinceImovedtotheUSfouryearsago.SowhenInoticedSheinbecomingmainstreamintheUSoverthepastfewyears,Ithought,Great!IfinallyhaveaTaobaoreplacement!SoIwentonmyfirstSheinjourneyinAugust2022.Butsomewherealongtheway,IstartedquestioningwhyIenjoythisparticularkindofshopping,andalsowhatitmeansforane-commerceplatformtoofferendlessdeals.Tobefair,thereareSheinpurchasesthatI’vereallyenjoyed,likea$2nylonwatchbandthatfeelsbetterthanmyoriginalAppleWatchband.Ialsothinkpeopleshouldbeabletochoosequantityandpriceoverquality,becausetheideaofdemandingthatpeopleonlybuypremiumproductsfeelsunrealistic.Butasitturnsout,I’vefinallystartedtoseethroughtheillusion(错觉)ofShein-likeplatforms.Togettheseoccasionalincredibledeals,youareencouragedtoshopmuchmorethanisnecessaryorevenreasonable.Thisillusionhasworkedforalongtimeandforalotofpeople,includingme!Butit’sbecomeharderandhardertoignoretheenvironmentalconsequencesofmypurchases,andthewaysinwhichplatformstrickpeopleintobuyingmoreandmore.AndIdon’tthinkI’mtheonlyoneexperiencingthatawakening.Broadlyspeaking,Ithinksocietyisslowlybutsurelyshiftingtowardrecognizingtheclimateimpactofmass-producedcheapgoods.WhiletheseconversationshaveyettohappenaswidelyandfuriouslyinChina,companieslikeTaobaoandSheinwillinevitablyhavetoanswerthequestionofwhethertheirbusinessmodelissustainableforeveryoneoronlyforthemselves.Sowherearetheyheadingfromhere?There’scertainlyalotofsoul-searchingfortheindustrytodo.AndI’mdoingsomesoul-searchingofmyown.4.Whydoestheauthormentiona“$2nylonwatchband”?A.Tocompareitwithheroriginalband. B.Topersuadereaderstobuyit.C.ToshowhersatisfactionwithShein. D.Toshowitscheapness.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“premium”meaninthethirdparagraph?A.High-quantity B.Expensive. C.High-quality. D.Original.6.WhatdothecustomerstendtodowiththeillusionofShein-likeplatforms?A.Theygetincredibleproductsonsale.B.Theyoftenbuymuchmorethanwhattheyneed.C.Theyignoretheenvironmentalimpacts.D.Theyaretrickedintobuyingmoreandmorereasonableproducts.7Whatisaconsequenceofendlessdealsine-commerceplatformsmentionedinthepassage?A.Seriousenvironmentaldamage. B.Declineinphysicalshopping.C.Severeenergyshortage. D.Disturbingmoraldilemma.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自身的网购经历表明网购平台往往会通过制造错觉来鼓励顾客购买远远超过必要甚至合理的东西，而大规模生产廉价商品会对气候产生严重破坏。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Tobefair,thereareSheinpurchasesthatI’vereallyenjoyed,likea$2nylonwatchbandthatfeelsbetterthanmyoriginalAppleWatchband.(说句公道话，我确实很喜欢Shein的一些产品，比如一条2美元的尼龙表带，感觉比我原来的AppleWatch表带要好。)”可知，作者提到2美元尼龙表带是为了表明她对Shein的满意。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“Ialsothinkpeopleshouldbeabletochoosequantityandpriceoverquality(我还认为人们应该能够选择数量和价格而不是质量)”可知，此处是指要求人们只购买优质产品的想法是不现实的，所以premium意为“优质的”。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句和第三句“Togettheseoccasionalincredibledeals,youareencouragedtoshopmuchmorethanisnecessaryorevenreasonable.Thisillusionhasworkedforalongtimeandforalotofpeople,includingme!(为了得到这些偶尔令人难以置信的交易，你被鼓励购买远远超过必要甚至合理的东西。这种错觉已经存在了很长时间，对很多人来说都是如此，包括我！)”可知，面对像Shein一样的平台的错觉，顾客们往往会买比他们需要的多得多的东西。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Broadlyspeaking,Ithinksocietyisslowlybutsurelyshiftingtowardrecognizingtheclimateimpactofmass-producedcheapgoods.(总的来说，我认为社会正在缓慢但肯定地转向认识到大规模生产的廉价商品对气候的影响。)”可知，文章中提到的电子商务平台上无休止的交易的后果是严重破坏环境。故选A。CIf,likeme,you’rethekindofpersonwhofindsithardtomakedecisions,thenMalcolmGladwell’sBlinkmightjustbethebookyouhavebeenwaitingfor.BecauseBlinkisallaboutrapidcognition—thatis,thosemomentswhenwemadesnap(仓促的)judgments,forexample,whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttimeorlookingatsomethingwe’rethinkingofbuying.Heanalysesexactlywhatgoesoninourheadswhenwemakesplit-seconddecisionsandcomparesthistothethoughtprocessesinvolvedwhenwetakelongertocometoadecision.Interestinglyheclaimsthat,“Therearelotsofsituationsparticularlyattimesofhighpressureandstress—whenfortunatelyhastedoesnotmakewaste.”WhatmakesBlinkareallyinterestingreadisthenumberofstoriesthatGladwellincludestosupporthistheories.OnesuchstoryinvolvesdoctorsintheEmergencyRoomatCookCountyHospitalinChicago.Afterbeingtoldtochangethewayofdiagnoses(诊断),insteadofaskingforinformationsuchasthepatientsageandweightandmedicalhistory,theyweregoingtofocusonlyonthepatient’sbloodpressure.AndnowCookCountyisoneofthebestplacesintheUSatdiagnosingchestpain.Ofcourse,thereareoccasionswhenweleaptothewrongconclusion.Inhisresearch,GladwelldiscoveredthatalmostalltheCEOsofthetopcompaniesintheUSaretall.Thereisnoactualrelationshipbetweenheightandintelligence,butforsomereason,corporations(公司)overwhelminglychoosetallpeopleforleadershiproles.Thereissomethinggoingoninthefirstfewsecondsofmeetingatallpersonthatmakesusthinkofthatpersonasaneffectiveleader,whichunfortunatelystopsusfrommakinganinformeddecision.Allinall,Blinkisafascinatingstudyonanactivitythatwealldoseveraltimesaday.Readitandmakebetterdecisions.8.WhatcanweinferfromwhatGladwellclaimsinthesecondparagraph?A.Whenstressed,peopletendtomakeawrongdecision.B.Makingaquickdecisiondoesmakesensesometimes.C.Makingaslowdecisioncancontributetoabetterresult.D.Whenrelaxed,peoplearelikelytomakearightdecision.9.WhatwasCookCountyHospital’sdecisionafterbeingtoldtochangethewayofdiagnoses?A.Toinquireaboutthepatient’scurrenthealthcondition.B.Tolearnaboutthepatient’smedicalhistory.C.Toaskaboutthepatient’sageandweight.D.Tocheckonthepatient’sbloodpressure.10.HowdoesGladwelllikethetendencyofchoosingtallpeopleasleadershiproles?A.Hemakesnopersonalcommentsonit.B.Hecan’tspeaktoohighlyoftheidea.C.Hedoesn’tcompletelyappreciateit.D.Heconsidersitasaverybadidea.11.WhatmightthebookBlinkhavemuchtodowith?A.Psychology. B.Architecture.C.Archaeology. D.Literature.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》是一本关于快速认知的书，文章对此进行了介绍。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句中的“Therearelotsofsituationsparticularlyattimesofhighpressureandstress—whenfortunatelyhastedoesnotmakewaste.(有很多情况，尤其是在压力很大的时候——幸运的是，并不是欲速则不达。)”可推知，我们能从格拉德威尔在第二段中所说的话中推断出有时候迅速做出决定是有道理的。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Afterbeingtoldtochangethewayofdiagnoses(诊断),insteadofaskingforinformationsuchasthepatientsageandweightandmedicalhistory,theyweregoingtofocusonlyonthepatient’sbloodpressure.(在被告知要改变诊断方式后，他们不再询问病人的年龄、体重和病史等信息，而是只关注病人的血压。)”可知，库克县医院在被告知改变诊断方式后，决定检查病人的血压。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Thereissomethinggoingoninthefirstfewsecondsofmeetingatallpersonthatmakesusthinkofthatpersonasaneffectiveleader,whichunfortunatelystopsusfrommakinganinformeddecision.(在见到一个高个子的人的最初几秒钟里，会发生一些事情，让我们认为这个人是一个有效的领导者，不幸的是，这会阻止我们做出明智的决定。)”可推知，格拉德威尔认为选择高个子担任领导角色是一个非常糟糕的主意。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“If,likeme,you’rethekindofpersonwhofindsithardtomakedecisions,thenMalcolmGladwell’sBlinkmightjustbethebookyouhavebeenwaitingfor.BecauseBlinkisallaboutrapidcognition—thatis,thosemomentswhenwemadesnap(仓促的)judgments,forexample,whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttimeorlookingatsomethingwe’rethinkingofbuying.(如果你和我一样，是那种很难做决定的人，那么马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》可能就是你期待已久的书。因为《眨眼》都是关于快速认知的——也就是说，那些我们做出快速判断的时刻，例如，第一次见到某人或看到我们想买的东西。)”可知，《眨眼》这本书可能与心理学有很大关系。故选A。DInAugust,JasonM.Allen’spiece“TheatreD’opéraSpatial”—whichhecreatedwithAlimagegeneratorMidjourney—wonfirstplaceintheemergingartistdivision’s“digitalartsphotography”categoryattheColoradoStateFairFineArtsCompetition.Thedefinitionforthecategorystatesthatdigitalartreferstoworksthatuse“digitaltechnologyaspartofthecreativeprocess”.Allen’saward-winningimagehasledtodebatesaboutwhat,exactly,itmeanstobeanartistandwhetherAIcantrulymakeart.“Itfeltbadfortheexactsamereasonwedon’tletrobotsparticipateintheOlympics,”oneTwitteruserwrote.“Thisistheliteraldefinitionof‘pressedafewbuttonstomakeadigitalartpiece’,”anothertweeted.YetwhileAllendidn’tuseapaintbrush,therewasplentyofworkinvolved,hesaid.First,heplayedaroundwithphrasingthatledMidjourneytogenerateimagesofwomeninelegantdressesandspacehelmets,inanattempttomixVictorian-stylecostumingwithspacethemes.Overtime,withmanyslightchangestohiswrittenprompt(提示符),hecreated900differentversionsofwhatledtohisfinalimage.ThenheimproveditsresolutionthroughGigapixelAIandfinallyhadtheimagesprinted.AllenisgladthedebateoverwhetherAIcanbeusedtomakeartisattractingsomuchattention.“Ratherthanhatingonthetechnology,weneedtorecognizethatit’sapowerfultoolanduseitforgoodsowecanallmoveforward,”Allensaid.CalDuran,oneofthejudgesforthecompetition,saidthatwhileAllen’spieceincludedamentionofAI,hedidn’trealizethatwhenjudgingit.Still,hesticksbyhisdecisiontoawarditfirstplace.“IthinktheAItechnologymaygivemoreopportunitiestopeoplewhomaynotfindthemselvesartistsintheconventionalway,”hesaid.12.WhyhasJason’sworkledtodebates?A.Itwasacopyofaphotograph.B.Hechallengedtheolderartists.C.ItwascreatedwiththehelpofAI.D.Hebroketheruleofthecompetition.13.WhatcanbestdescribeAllen’screatingprocess?A.Cooperative.B.Energy-consuming.C.Straightforward.D.Imagination-lacking.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutAIfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisadouble-edgedsword.B.Itattractsconventionalartists.C.Itstrikesartjudgesasnosurprise.D.Itmayopenanewworldtoartists.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AtrendtobeAIartists.B.AnAI-generatedartcontest.C.ResponsestoawinningAIartwork.D.Curiosityaboutanimagegenerator.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。呈现在人工智能帮助下获奖艺术作品的出现引发的辩论。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Allen’saward-winningimagehasledtodebatesaboutwhat,exactly,itmeanstobeanartistandwhetherAIcantrulymakeart.(艾伦获奖的形象引发了关于成为艺术家到底意味着什么，以及人工智能能否真正创造艺术的争论。)”可推测，人们争论的点是艺术家意味着什么，以及人工智能能否创造艺术，即他的艺术获奖作品是在人工智能的帮助下完成的这件事情导致了争论。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“First,heplayedaroundwithphrasingthatledMidjourneytogenerateimagesofwomeninelegantdressesandspacehelmets,inanattempttomixVictorian-stylecostumingwithspacethemes.(首先，他反复琢磨措辞，使Midtravel产生了穿着优雅礼服和太空头盔的女性形象，试图将维多利亚风格的服装与太空主题相结合。)”以及最后一句“ThenheimproveditsresolutionthroughGigapixelAIandfinallyhadtheimagesprinted.(然后，他通过GigapixelAI提高了分辨率，最终打印出了图像。)”可以看出，他的作品是通过他和两种人工智能一起合作而成，即cooperative“合作的，协作的”。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Still,hesticksbyhisdecisiontoawarditfirstplace.“IthinktheAItechnologymaygivemoreopportunitiestopeoplewhomaynotfindthemselvesartistsintheconventionalway,”hesaid.(尽管如此，他还是坚持自己的决定，将其评为第一名。他说：“我认为人工智能技术可能会给那些可能不会以传统方式成为艺术家的人更多机会。”)”可推测，在这位评委看来，人工智能给艺术和艺术家提供了更多机会，换言之，可能打开艺术新世界的大门。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Allen’saward-winningimagehasledtodebatesaboutwhat,exactly,itmeanstobeanartistandwhetherAIcantrulymakeart.(艾伦获奖的形象引发了关于成为艺术家到底意味着什么，以及人工智能能否真正创造艺术的争论。)”；第四段第一句“AllenisgladthedebateoverwhetherAIcanbeusedtomakeartisattractingsomuchattention.(艾伦很高兴关于人工智能是否可以用来制造艺术的争论吸引了如此多的关注。)”以及最后一段最后一句“Still,hesticksbyhisdecisiontoawarditfirstplace.“IthinktheAItechnologymaygivemoreopportunitiestopeoplewhomaynotfindthemselvesartistsintheconventionalway,”hesaid.(尽管如此，他还是坚持自己的决定，将其评为第一名。他说：“我认为人工智能技术可能会给那些可能不会以传统方式成为艺术家的人更多机会。”)”可知，本文主要呈现的是这幅在人工智能帮助下完成的艺术作品获奖后，引起的的辩论，即不同人对此不同的回应。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mymomwasanastrophysicist,andDadwasamicroelectronicsspecialist,eachdealingwithphenomenonbiggerorsmallerthantheeyecansee.Asakid,IwasoftenintodaydreamingthatIwonOscarsorGrammys(格莱美奖).___16___Myparents,however,appliedscienceandlogictomostofthesituations,likethetimetheycutthelastolive(橄榄)inquartersbecausetherewerefourofus.___17___Iwatched“PowersofTen,”afilmbyCharlesandRayEames.Initially,theyzoom(疾驰)outbeyondourgalaxy,moving10timesfartherawayevery10seconds,andthenquicklyzoombackintoEarth,intoacouplehavingapicnic,andthenintohisarm,hand,skin,atoms.Itgavemeamixofexistentialfearandcomfort.___18___Butthesolarsystemitselfseemedtomelikeabunchoffriendly,protectiveneighbor—especiallySaturn(土星).ThefirsttimeIsawit,fromanobservatoryonthehillsofBarcelona,itwaslikewhatIimagineseeingLeonardoDiCaprio(莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥，著名影星)inpersonmightbe.___19___IlatertooktolearningaboutSaturn’sweatherandenvironmentalmostasifIwereplanningaholiday.Saturnisconsideredthemasteroftheuniverse.Glancingatthemhastheeffectofmakingyoufeelinsignificantandmomentous(重大的)atthesametime.Thissummer,Itraveledhomeformymother’s60-birthday-party,Itconsistedofaworkshop(研讨会)inherhonorinasmallcoastaltown,withcurrentandformercolleaguesofhers.Ispentthedayalone,swimmingintheseaandjoinedthemformealswhiletheypresentedpaperstooneanother.AllIhadtodowassit,chatandquietlyobservedetails.___20___Theywouldtraveltoasceniclocationtocelebrateabirthday,thenwindupsittingindoorsalldaytodiscussstarsandplanets.A.Theinfinite(无穷尽的)universewastoomuchtodigest.B.Andyetsomehow,Ifellinloveplanetsinmyteenageyears.C.Saturn’sexistencehasalwaysgivenmearealsenseofpossibility.D.Thisgroupofpeoplelackedtheminimumlevelofhumortoexistintheworld.E.Icouldn’thelpadmiringthisgroupofpeoplefortheircommitment.F.Iwantedhumorandlightness,evenifthatmeantnotalwaysliteralorallknowing.G.Somethingyou’vealwaysseenintwodimensionssuddenlypresentsitselfinthree.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.G20.E【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己的生活经历，从想要成为幽默和轻松的演员，到对宇宙的喜爱，最后到对父母那辈人生活的仰慕。【16题详解】上文“Asakid,IwasoftenintodaydreamingthatIwonOscarsorGrammys.(当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常幻想自己赢得奥斯卡或格莱美)”说明作者小时候的愿望是赢得奥斯卡或者格莱美，下文“Myparents,however,appliedscienceandlogictomostofthesituations,likethetimetheycutthelastolive(橄榄)inquartersbecausetherewerefourofus.(然而，我的父母在大多数情况下都运用科学和逻辑，比如有一次他们把最后一个橄榄切成四瓣，因为我们是四个人)”说明作者的父母在日常生活中运用科学和逻辑，因此推断作者在对待生活上不像父母，F项“我想要幽默和轻松，即使这意味着并不总是字面上的或完全已知的。”符合语境，与上文是顺承关系，奥斯卡和格莱美意味着娱乐和轻松，与下文是转折关系。故选F。【17题详解】下文“Initially,theyzoomoutbeyondourgalaxy,moving10timesfartherawayevery10seconds,andthenquicklyzoombackintoEarth,intoacouplehavingapicnic,andthenintohisarm,hand,skin,atoms.Itgavemeamixofexistentialfearandcomfort.(最初，它们疾驰到我们的星系之外，每10秒移动10倍远，然后迅速地缩小到地球，变成一对正在野餐的夫妇，然后变成他的手臂，手，皮肤，原子。它给了我一种基于存在主义的恐惧和安慰)”讲述了一个有关行星的故事，从讲述的语气推知，作者喜欢上了观察行星。B项“然而，不知怎么的，我在十几岁的时候爱上了行星”符合语境，本段讲述了作者的一段喜爱行星的经历。故选B。【18题详解】下文“Butthesolarsystemitselfseemedtomelikeabunchoffriendly,protectiveneighbour—especiallySaturn(土星).(但在我看来，太阳系本身就像是一群友好的、保护性的邻居——尤其是土星)”说到了太阳系，A项中的universe话题相符，因此推断A项“无限的宇宙太大了无法理解”符合语境，与下文作者认为太阳系是友好邻居是转折关系。故选A。【19题详解】上文“ThefirsttimeIsawit,fromanobservatoryonthehillsofBarcelona,itwaslikewhatIimagineseeingLeonardoDiCaprio(莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥,著名影星)inpersonmightbe.(我第一次看到它的时候，是在巴塞罗那山上的一个天文台，就像我想象的亲眼看到莱奥纳多·迪卡普里奥一样)”讲述作者亲眼在天文台看到土星，因此推断G项“你总是在二维中看到的东西突然出现在三维中。”符合语境，与上文是顺承关系，讲述作者从想象土星到亲眼观察到它。故选G。【20题详解】下文“Theywouldtraveltoasceniclocationtocelebrateabirthday,thenwindupsittingindoorsalldaytodiscussstarsandplanets.(他们会去一个风景优美的地方庆祝生日，然后整天坐在室内讨论星星和行星)”讲述了作者的母亲和朋友在一起做的事情，E项中的“thisgroupofpeople”话题一致，E项“我不禁钦佩这群人的投入。”符合语境，讲述作者与这些人在一起的感受，与上文“AllIhadtodowassit,chatandquietlyobservedetails.(我所要做的就是坐下来，聊天，静静地观察细节)”是并列关系。故选E。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JadelivesinAustralia,acountryfamousforkangaroos,butnotforsnow.Yetat12,she___21___toskiattheNorthPole.Despitethelackof___22___trainingspace,Jadestillbuilther___23___atthegym.Sheranwithgianttyresattachedtoherwaistto___24___whatitwasliketopullasled(雪橇)acrossice.Bytheageof14,Jadewas___25___Thefarnorthisnotablankcarpetofsoftsnow,butJade___26___thetoughconditions.Eventhougheverypartofherbodywas___27___sheneverthoughtofgivingup.InApril2016,Jademade___28___,becomingtheyoungestpersontoskitotheNorthPole.Whentalkingabouther___29___,shestatedthateveryhumanbodyis___30___,whetheryouareamanorawoman.Butwhenthetalkwaspostedonline,someInternetbullieswrote___31___commentslike“Makemeasandwich”tomakeherfeel___32___.Toprovewomen’splaceisfarbeyondthe___33___,JadeandherteampushedontotheSouthPoleandmadeit.Holdingaplatewithasandwich,Jade___34___hadherphototakenandpostedonline.Shedaredthebullies,“Imadeyouasandwich.Now___35___37daysand600kmtotheSouthPole,andyoucaneatit.”21.A.managed B.resolved C.offered D.afforded22.A.authentic B.permanent C.qualified D.frequent23.A.recognition B.confidence C.strength D.team24.A.tell B.feel C.remember D.share25.A.mature B.determined C.dynamic D.ready26.A.braved B.suffered C.adjusted D.identified27.A.declining B.tolerating C.bleeding D.aching28.A.progress B.promises C.history D.guarantee29.A.hobby B.adventure C.advantage D.motive30.A.complex B.beautiful C.amazing D.valuable31.A.mean B.kind C.brief D.fair32.A.puzzled B.small C.nervous D.worried33.A.gym B.field C.kitchen D.office34.A.unwillingly B.critically C.secretly D.proudly35.A.ski B.walk C.run D.cycle【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jade在12岁时决定滑雪去北极，经过两年的训练，她做好了准备并创造了历史，成为滑雪到北极的最年轻的人。面对网上霸凌者的刻薄言论，她和她的团队决定前往南极并且成功了，证明了女性的天地不仅仅是在厨房里。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：12岁时，她决定去北极滑雪。A.managed管理；B.resolved解决；下定决心；决定；C.offered提供；D.afforded负担得起。由下文“toskiattheNorthPole”可知，此处指她决定去北极滑雪，resolvetodo固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管缺乏真正的训练场地，杰德仍然在健身房锻炼自己的力量。A.authentic真迹的；真实的，可靠的；B.permanent永久的；C.qualified有资格的；D.frequent经常的。由下文“Jadestillbuilther__3____atthegym.”可知，她在健身房里训练，这说明她没有真正的训练场地，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管缺乏真正的训练场地，杰德仍然在健身房锻炼自己的力量。A.recognition识别；B.confidence自信；C.strength力量；D.team团队。由下文“Sheranwithgianttyresattachedtoherwaist”可知，她腰间绑着一个巨大的轮胎跑步，这是在锻炼自己的力量，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她腰间绑着一个巨大的轮胎跑步，感受着被牵引着穿过冰面的感觉。A.tell告诉；B.feel感觉；C.remember记住；D.share分享。由下文“whatitwasliketopullasled(雪橇)acrossice.”可知，她腰间绑着一个巨大的轮胎跑步，这是为了感受被牵引着穿过冰面的感觉。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：14岁的时候，杰德已经准备好了。A.mature成熟的；B.determined有决心的；C.dynamic有活力的；D.ready准备好的。由上文“Bytheageof14,Jadewas”和下文描写的冰天雪地的环境可知，杰德已经准备好了去北极滑雪，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：遥远的北方并不是一片柔软的雪地，但是杰德却勇敢地面对了严酷的环境。A.braved勇敢面对；B.suffered遭受；C.adjusted调整；D.identified认出。由上文“Thefarnorthisnotablankcarpetofsoftsnow”和but可知，前后是转折关系，虽然遥远的北方并不是一片柔软的雪地，但是杰德却勇敢地面对了严酷的环境，下文“sheneverthoughtofgivingup”也是说明。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管她身体的每一部分都在疼痛，她从来没有想过放弃。A.declining拒绝；B.tolerating忍受；C.bleeding流血；D.aching疼。由上文“thetoughconditions”和Eventhough可知，前后是转折关系，严酷的环境使得她身体的每一部分都在疼痛，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年4月，杰德创造了历史，成为滑雪到北极最年轻的人。A.progress进步；B.promises承诺；C.history历史；D.guarantee保证。由下文“becomingtheyoungestpersontoskitotheNorthPole.”可知，杰德创造了历史，成为滑雪到北极最年轻的人，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当谈到她的冒险，她说，每个人的身体都很惊人，无论你是一个男人还是一个女人。A.hobby爱好；B.adventure冒险；C.advantage好处；D.motive动机。上文“becomingtheyoungestpersontoskitotheNorthPole.”提到她去北极滑雪可知，这是一次冒险，故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当谈到她的冒险，她说，每个人的身体都很惊人，无论你是一个男人还是一个女人。A.complex复杂的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.amazing令人惊讶的；D.valuable有价值的。上文提到在到北极滑雪的过程中，条件很苦，她身体的每一部分都在疼痛，但是她没有放弃，成功到达了北极，由此可知，她认为每个人的身体都很惊人，故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是当谈话被发布到网上时，一些网络恶霸写了一些刻薄的评论，比如“给我做个三明治”，以此来让她觉得自己很渺小。A.mean吝啬的；刻薄的；B.kind友好的；C.brief简短的；D.fair公平的。由上文“someInternetbullies”可知，一些网络恶霸写了一些刻薄的评论，故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是当谈话被发布到网上时，一些网络恶霸写了一些刻薄的评论，比如“给我做个三明治”，以此来让她觉得自己很渺小。A.puzzled困惑的；B.small小的；C.nervous紧张的；D.worried担忧的。由上文“someInternetbullieswrote____11___commentslike“Makemeasandwich”tomakeherfeel”可知，一些网络恶霸写了一些刻薄的评论，比如“给我做个三明治”，是想表达女性应该待在厨房做饭，以此来让她觉得自己是女性，所以很渺小，故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了证明女性的地位远远不在厨房，杰德和她的团队继续努力向南极前进，并取得了成功。A.gym健身房；B.field田野；C.kitchen厨房；D.office办公室。由上文“Makemeasandwich”可知，这些网络恶霸说让她做三明治，是想表达女性应该待在厨房做饭，故选C。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：拿着一个装着三明治的盘子，杰德骄傲地拍了张照片并上传到了网上。A.unwillingly不乐意地；B.critically严重地；C.secretly秘密地；D.proudly骄傲地。上文“JadeandherteampushedontotheSouthPoleandmadeit”可知，杰德和她的团队继续努力向南极前进，并取得了成功，所以她应该很骄傲，故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在滑雪37天，600公里到达南极，你可以吃到它。A.ski滑雪；B.walk走路；C.run跑步；D.cycle骑自行车。由上文第一段中“skiattheNorthPole”可知，此处指滑雪去南极。故选A。第三部分课内知识(共三节，共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)第一节根据汉语提示和语境，在空白处填入适当的词组的正确形式。36.尽管早在达芬·奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗使得这种油画技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。WhilepaintersasearlyasDaV