牛津上海版9A Unit3复习学案

/牛津上海版9AUnit3Words.1.opinionn.意见,想法,看法e.g.Theopinionisacceptedastrue.这个意见被认为是正确的。inone'sopinion依某人的看法e.g.Inmyopinion,thesecondviewisone-sidedandpartial.我认为,第2种看法是片面的。2.responsibilityn.责任,负责e.g.Ididitonmyownresponsibility(=withoutbeingtoldtoandbeingwillingtotaketheblameifithadgonewrong).我做的这件事,由我自己负责。【知识拓展】beresponsiblefor对…负责e.g.MyfatherisresponsibleforabigdepartmentstoreinShanghai.3.deathn.死亡e.g.Caraccidentshavecausedmanydeaths.车祸造成了许多人死亡。death的动词形式是dieHebecameveryillandthenhedied.他病得很重,接着就死了。【知识拓展】dieof死于〔疾病、过度悲伤等〕Peoplearedyingofcancermoreandmoreoften.死于癌症的人越来越多了。diefrom死于〔某种原因,不包括疾病、过度悲伤等〕Inaseverewinter,wildanimalscandiefromlackoffood.在寒冷的冬天,野兽可能因为缺乏食物而饿死。4.respectn.＆v.尊重,慎重对待e.g.Thenewteachersoonwontherespectofhisstudents.这位新来的老师很快就赢得了学生们的尊重。【知识拓展】respectableadj.值得尊敬的5.faithfullyadv.忠实地,忠诚地e.g.Healwaysperformshisdutiesfaithfully.他一贯忠实地履行自己的职责。【知识拓展】faithn.信仰,信任e.g.Faiththatjusticewouldprevailimpelledusforward.正义必胜的信念鼓励着我们前进。faithfuladj.忠实的,守信的e.g.Weareallfaithfulllistenerstotheprogram.我们都是这档节目的忠实听众。6.mess①肮脏,杂乱；不整洁②〔狗、猫等的〕粪便e.g.Theroomwasinamess.这个房间杂乱不堪。7.resultn.后果；结果e.g.Successdependsontheresultsofthisexperiment.成功与否取决于这次实验的效果。8.bitev.咬e.g.Barkingdogsseldombite.爱叫的狗不咬人。9.extremelyadv.极其,非常e.g.Shefounditextremelydifficulttogetajob.她觉察找工作极其困难。10.unhappyadj.不快乐的,不幸福的；悲伤的e.g.Forallthiswealth,hewasunhappy.尽管他富有,但他并不幸福。【知识拓展】否认前缀un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前如：unfinished〔未完成的〕undoubted〔无疑的〕,unhappy(不快乐的)类似的否认前缀in-加在形容词,名词之前如：incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)im-加在字母m,b,p之前如：impossible〔不可能的〕,impolite〔不礼貌的〕日常表达1.fromsidetoside从左到右e.g.Theshiprolledfromsidetoside.船左右摇晃。【知识拓展】sidebyside肩并肩地；一起e.g.Thetwochildrenarewalkingsidebyside.那两个孩子肩并肩地走着。2.growup成长；长大e.g.Theirchildrenhaveallgrownupandlefthomenow.他们的孩子都已长大成人离开家了。3.accordingto据〔……所说〕e.g.AccordingtoMick,it'sagreatmovie.据米克说,这是一部了不起的电影。You'vebeenabsentsixtimesaccordingtoourrecords.根据我们的记录,你已经缺席六次了。4.carefor关爱e.g.Youngpeopleshouldlearntocareforothers.年轻人应该学会关爱他人。【知识拓展】takecareof照顾e.gTheyappointedhertotakecareofthatoldman.他们委派她照顾那位老人。careabout喜欢e.g.Ireallycareaboutthestudentsinmyclass.我确实喜欢这个班上的学生。5.asaresult因此；结果e.g.Asaresult,hehadtoleave.结果他只得离开。【知识拓展】resultfrom起因于e.g.Hisillnessresultedfrombadfood.他的病是由于吃了变质的食物所致。resultin结果；导致是e.g.Theirdisputeresultedinwar.他们的争端导致了战争。6.stop…from阻止某事发生e.g.Theguardstoppedhimfromgoingthroughthegate.警卫不让他通过大门。【指点迷津】stoptodosth.与stopdoingsth.stoptodosth.停止、中断〔某件事〕,目的是去做另一件事e.g.Theystoppedtoworkandhavearest.他们停下来工作并休息了一会儿。stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事Pleasestopspeaking.It’stimetobeginourclass.请肃静,上课时间到了。7.what'smore而且e.g.What'smore,mostpeopleinmoderncitiesliveinflats.而且大多数的人生活在大城市里的公寓里。8.payfor为……付钱e.g.Ihavetopay150dollarsforthesewingmachine.我得花150美元买这台缝纫机。【指点迷津】spend,take,pay,cost四者都可表示“花费〞(1)spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型：(sb)spendsomemoney/sometimeonsth.(sb)spendsomemoney/sometime(in)doingsth.e.g.Ispentfiftyyuanonthecoat.=Ispentfiftyyuan(in)buyingthecoat.我花50元买了这件大衣。(2)take常用于“占用、花费〞时间,其主话通常为形式主语“it"或物。句式是：Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth=Sth.takessb.sometime.e.g.Ittookmethreeyearstodrawthebeautifulhorses.画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。Theworkwilltakemetwodays.这项工作花了2天时间。(3)pay为“付款,赔偿〞之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb．payssomemoneyforsth或paysb．(somemoneyforsth)e.g.Ipaidfiftyyuanforthecoat.我花50元买了这件大衣。(4)cost的主语必须是某物。动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost(sb.)somemoney。e.g.Thedictionarycostme$20.这本字典花了我20美元。【随堂小练】Ⅰ.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthegivenwords Whenweheardourteamwonthegame,allofuscheered (exciting). Thedogbecomes (extreme)unhappy.3.Ihaveanumberof (complain)aboutthehotelroomyou'vegivenus.Myfavouriteshopis (locate)onthesecondfloorofatallbuilding.TheGreatWallis (wide)knownallovertheworld.It'smy (please)totalkwithyou.【Keys】1.excitedly2.extremely3.complaints4.located5.widely6.pleasureⅡ.ChoosethewordorexpressiontoreplacetheunderlinedpartineachsentenceA.Assaidby B.wentaway C.veryD.veryunpleasant E.comeback F.hasbecomedifferent( )1. ThistownhaschangedalotsinceIwasyoung.( )2. Wewereextremelybusybeforetheexamination.( )3. Ileaveon10Aprilandreturnon6June.( )4. Accordingtotheweatherreport,itisgoingtorainthisafternoon.( )5. Whataterriblethingtodo!【Keys】1.F2.C3.E4.A5.DImportantSentencesstructures.1.It'snicetopickthemupandholdtheminourarms,andit'swonderfultoseethemgrowingup.句中的it是形式主语,后接两个不定式topickup,(to)hold是句子逻辑上的真正的主语。e.g.It'snicetoknowthatsomebodyappreciateswhatIdo.知道有人欣赏我所做的事真让人开心。【知识拓展】it作形式主语主要用于以下两种情况1)It+is/was+adj./n.〔形容词或名词〕+todosth.e.g.Itisagoodideatothinkthisway.Itisverykindofyoutogivemeahandintime.2)It十v.+todosth.e.g.Ittookusthreeyearstocompletetheproject.我们花费三年时间才完成了这项工程。Itsoundsreasonabletodoitthisway.听起来这样做有道理。2.Youngpeoplecanlearnhowtocareforothersandhowtorespectalllivingthingsbykeepingapetdog.本句中疑问副词how和不定式tocareforothers及howtorespect…做整个句子的宾语。how解释为“如何〞。e.g.Pleaseshowushowtodothat.请演示给我们如何去做。TherearesomanykindsoftaperecordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。【随堂练习】I.Choosethebestanswer()1.Hewasproudtohavebehavedso .A.good B.better C.best D.well()2.Shewantstobeafamoussingerwhenshe .A.grownup B.growingupC.grewup D.growsup()3. doestheAfricanGhostFishlooklike?A.HowB.Which C.What D.Who()4.ThisJapanesespokequite inthespeech.A.politeB.politely C.politeness D.impolite()5.Thedogwaggeditstail .A.exciting B.excitingly C.excitedly D.excited()6.Ithink isagoodideatodomorningexerciseseveryday.A.itB.thatC.thisD.these()7.Youneedtohurryup.Otherwiseallthecheapitemswillbe .A.sellout B.soldout C.sellover D.soldover()8.Whowill thisbigproject?A.asaresult B.beresponsibleforC.carefor D.barkat()9.Thework intwomonths.A.isfinished B.wasfinishedC.willfinished D.canbefinished()10.Theboxistooformetocarryupstairs.A.heavy B.fast C.heavily D.fastly()11.IfyougotoMacao,you'llseeaeven square.A.wide B.widely C.wider D.verywide()12.Heaskedme Iwasbusywiththosedays.A.that C.why D.what【Keys】1.D2.D3.C4.B5.C6.A7.B8.B9.D10.A11.C12.DⅡ.Rewritethesentencesasrequired1.Shetakespartinthesingingcontest.(改为否认句)2.Thewaterwassodirtythatwecouldn'tdrinkit.(改为简单句)3.Wemusttakegoodcareoftheoldpeople.(改为被动语态)【Keys】1.Shedoesn'ttakepartinthesingingcontest.2.Thewaterwastoodirtyforustodrink.3.Theoldpeoplemustbetakengoodcareofbyus.Grammar.一、含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词e.g.Teenagersshouldbeallowedtogooutwiththeirfriends.应该允许青少年和朋友外出。注意：在情态动词后面加not就变成了否认句,把情态动词提前到句首,就变成了一般疑问句。e.g.ItcannotbedonebyJim.这件事不可能是吉姆干的。Mustthetreeswaterednow?这些树必须浇水吗？二、副词(adverb,缩写式为adv.)修饰动词、形容词、名词、其他副词或全句。〔一〕副词的分类1.一般副词可分为以下四种：时间副词如：often,always,usually,early,now地点副词如：here,there,above,below,outside方式副词如：hard,well,badly,fast,slowly程度副词如：very,quite,much,still,almost2.疑问副词how,when,where,why(放在特殊疑问句句首)3.关系副词when,where,why(放在被引导的从句句首)4.连接副词how,when,where,why,whether(放在名词性从句句首)．〔二〕副词的位置1.时间副词和地点副词的位置(1)表示确定的时间和地点的副词一般放在句尾。假设句中同时出现地点副词和时间副词,地点副词通常放在前面。e.g.HewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.他明天将要去北京。(2)表示不确定时间的副词,如always,usually,often,never,ever,seldom,sometimes,rarely,generally,frequently等,通常放在行为动词之前,但放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。e.g.We’llneverforgetyourkindness.我们永远忘不了你的好。Sheisalwaysthefirsttocome.她总是第一个来。Youcanoftenaskmequestionsifyouneed.如果你需要,你可以经常找我问问题。2.修饰形容词和副词的程度副词,除enough外,一般放在被修饰词之前。e.g.Heswimsquitewell.他游泳游得很好。Sheswimswellenough.她游泳游得相当好。3.修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种情况：(1)修饰不及物动词的方式副词要放在被修饰词之后。e.g.Thebabyissleepingsoundly.这孩子睡得很香。(2)修饰及物动词的方式副词可放在被修饰词之前或宾语之后,假设宾语较长,也可以放在动词和宾语之间。e.g.SheseldomspeaksFrench.她很少说法语。ShespeaksFrenchfluently.她法语讲得很流利。Allthemorningshehasbeenwritingcarefullyalettertoherboyfriend.她今天一上午都在认真地给她的男朋友写信。(3)及物动词和副词〔如：down,on,off,in,out,up等〕组成的动词词组有名词作宾语时,该名词可以放在副词之后或副词之前；假设有代词作宾语时,那么该代词一定要放在副词之前。e.g.Hecutdownthetree.(=Hecutthetreedown.)他把那棵树砍倒了。Hecutitdown.他把它砍倒了。〔代词作宾语时不可以说：Hecutdownit.〕(4)修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后。e.g.Thepeopleherearehardworkingandbrave.这里的人民既勤劳又勇敢。(5)修饰全句的副词通常放在句首。e.g.Obviouslyhetoldalie.显然他说了谎。〔三〕副词的用法成分句法功能例句作状语修饰动词,形容词修饰副词修饰全句Mymotherusuallygetsupveryearly.Thewindblewsohard!Obviouslyheknewnothingaboutit.作定语地点副词或时间副词作定语,放在被修饰词之后Onhiswayhome,hemetanoldfriendofhis.Thosebuildingsaroundhavebeenbuilt.作表语多数表示位置的副词可作表语Heisout.Hewillbebacksoon.I’mhere.Thefootballgameison.作宾语补足语补足说明宾语Wesawhimoffattheairportthismorning.〔四〕副词的比拟级、最高级用法与形容词的相关用法类似,只是副词的最高级可以省略the。e.g.HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyoudo.〔副词fluently修饰动词speaks,此为副词原级比拟〕他说英语和你一样流利。ItrainsmoreofteninHongKongthaninBeijing.(moreoften比拟级修饰动词rains,属于副词比拟级)香港比北京下雨多。Soonyouwillseewhoruns(the)fastest.(thefastest修饰动词runs,属于副词最高级)很快你就能知道谁跑得最快了。【例1】Youneedtoexplainyouropinionsquitewhenhavingadebate.(clear)【答案】C【例2】ThoughhehasstudiedatRussianfortenmonths,hecanstillspeakthelanguage.A.hard;hardB.hardly;hardlyC.hard;hardlyD.hardly;hard【答案】C【例3】Theyalllookedattheteacherwhenhetoldthemthegoodnews.A.sadlyB.happilyC.carefullyD.angrily【答案】BStep6:Summary.Step7:Homework(ReadingandWriting)Ⅰ.Readingcomprehension(A)ClintWestwoodisafarmerinCalifornia.Hehasworkedinhisgrapeorchardallofhislife.Thisorchardbelongedtohisfatherandhisgrandfather.CaliforniawineisfamousandtheWestwoodfamilyhavealonghistoryofmakingwine.Clintgetsupeverymorningat5a.m.andgoestohisorchard.Heloveshistreesandoftencallshistrees,"myfamily.〞Clintisworriedaboutthefutureofhisorchard.Nowheis76yearsoldandheisgettingtoooldtoworkintheorchard.Hehasthreesonsbuttheyarenotinterestedinworkingintheorchard.Infact,hissonsarelazyanddon'twanttowork.Clintisdisappointedthathissonsarelazy.Heoftensaystohiswife*"I'mworried.Idon'tknowwhatwillhappentomyorchardafterI'mgone."OnedayClintbecameveryillanddied.Afterhisdeath,hissonsreadhiswill.Thewillsaid,"Thetreasureisburiedintheorchard.""Ah,sothat'swhereourfatherputhismoney,"saidChris,theyoungestson.Soeverymorningallthreesonsgotupearlyandbegandiggingintheorchard.Theyworkedveryhardlookingforthetreasure.Theyworkedsohardthatthegrapetreesproducedalotoffruit,buttheydidn'tfindanytreasure.Thenoneday,Joseph,theoldestsonsaid,"Ourfatherwasverysmart.Hewantedustoworkintheorchardsohesaidtherewastreasurehere.Thereisnotreasureundertheground.Butlook!Thetreasureisonthetrees.Becauseofourhardwork,thetreeshaveproducedalotoffruit.Whenwesellit,wewillberich.Thisisourtreasure!"TrueorFalse()1.Westwoodfamilyhavebeenengagedinmakingwineforalongtime.()2.AllofClint'ssonsaretoolazytoworkintheorchard.()3.Clintisalwaysworriedaboutthefutureofhissons.()4.Clintlefthistreasureintheorchard.()5.Thesonsbecamehardworkingaftertheirfather'sdeathbecausetheyrealizedtheirbadhabits.()6.Theyfoundtreasureatlast.【Keys】1.T2.T3.F4.F5.F6.T(B)AnEnglishmanwasshowingaforeignvisitoraroundLondon."What'sthisstrangebuilding?"askedthevisitor."ThisistheTowerofLondon.""Isee.Howlongdidittakeyoutobuildit?""About500years.""Inmycountrywecansetitupinfivemonths,"saidthevisitor.SoontheycametoSt.Paul'sCathedral."Verywonderful!"saidthevisitor."Howlongdidittakeyoutobuildit?""Almost40years,"saidtheEnglishman."Inmycountrywecanfinishitin40daysatmost",saidthevisitor.Thiscontinuedallday.Theyvisitedmostfamousbuildingsinthecity.Everytimetheysawanewone,thevisitoraskedthesamequestions.Thenhesaidthattheycoulddothesamethingmuchmorequicklyinhiscountry.Atlast,theEnglishmanbecameangrywiththevisitorthoughhetriednottoshowit.Afewdayslater,theycametotheHouseofParliamentandthevisitoraskedhisusualquestion,"What'sit?"TheEnglishmananswered,"Ihavenoidea.Itwasn'ttherelastnight."AnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassageThevisitorwasn'tinterestedinthebuildingsinLondon,washe?Didtheyvisitallthefamousbuildingsinthecity?HowlongdidittaketosetuptheTowerofLondon?Whydidthevisitoralwayssayittooklesstimetobuildthesamebuildinginhiscountry?Becausehewantedtoshowthat .DidtheEnglishmanbecomeangry?WhydidtheEnglishmansaid,"Itwasn'ttherelastnight"?【Keys】l.Yes,hewas.2.No,theydidn't.3.About500years.4.theycoulddothesamethingmuchmorequicklyinhiscountry5.Yes,hedid.6.Becausehebecameangrywiththevisitor.PetsarefriendsIhavebeenkeepingdifferentpetsathome:mice,turtlesandrabbits.Butgoldenhamstersaremyfavourite.Iamalwayssurprisedby1cutetheycanbe.Itwassummer2Ifirstsawtwogoldenhamsters.Theywerebrown,aboutthesizeofmyhand.WhenIpassedby,theywerecrackingmelonseeds(嗑瓜子).Theydidthataswellasanyhuman!IwasamusedthatIboughtthematonce.Theonlyonewhowasnothappytoseethenewcomerswasmymother.Shethoughttheywouldmakeourhomedirtyallthetime.SoImadeahomeforthemonthebalcony(阳台).Hamstersalwayswantpeopletolookatthem.Theytrytogetnoticedbyraisingthefrontpartoftheirbody,thentheywatchyoucomeandgountilyoustopandtalktothem.Watchoutwhentheystarttoroller-turnintheircage.Theywon'tstop3youhavetearsoflaughter!Hamstersare4thanyouthink.Onemorningseveralmonthsago,Ifoundonemissing.Thesideofthecagewasmuchtallerthanthehamsterandthecagehadalid.Howdidthelittleoneclimbup,openthelidand5?Ihavethoughthard.ButI'veneverfoundananswer.

()1.A.how B.howa Cwhat D.whata()2.A.where B.when C.what D.that()3.A.if B.as C.until D.whether()4.A.smart B.smarts C.smarter D.smartest()5.A.runat B.runaway Crun