语法无忧 动词心中有【思维导图+要点必背】 中考英语能力提升必背清单 （牛津上海版）

专题11语法无忧动词心中有可编辑思维导图，各位老师根据需求自行调整即可。动词专题梳理1.知识点动词的分类动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词(也称实义动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。行为动词(1)行为动词(实义动词)是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。例如：IliveinBeijingwithmymother.Ithasaroundface.(2)行为动词(即实义动词)按其是否需要宾语，可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。u0081①及物动词后面必须跟宾语，意思才完整，例如：Givemesomeink，please.Ifyouhaveanyquestions，youcanraiseyourhands.②不及物动词后面不能跟宾语，例如：JackrunsfasterthanMike.Pleaselookattheblackboardandlistentome.Hegotan“A”thistimebecausehewentoverhislessonscare-fully(3)行为动词按其动作状态又分成延续性和非延续性u0081延续性动词：动作是可持续的，如live,stay,study,work,teach等，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。‚非延续性动词：动作是瞬间的，动作一发生马上结束，如lend,borrow,die,begin,stop,go,come等，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。Hehasbeenhereforfivedays.（这里不能用hasarrivedhere）Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.（这里不能用hasbegun）2.动词短语动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫作动词短语。动词短语主要有四类：1．动词＋副词。常见的有giveup,thinkover,takeoff,writedown,putoff,puton,talkback,turnoff,lookup,pickup等。这些词组的宾语如果是名词时，既可放在副词前面，又可放在副词之后；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词时，则要放在动词和副词中间。如：Theyhavedecidedtoputoffthemeeting.＝Theyhavedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.他们已经决定推迟会议了。Smokingisbadforyourhealth.Youmustgiveitup.吸烟有害健康，你必须戒掉它。2．动词＋介词。常见的有askfor,careabout,lookfor,lookafter,lookat,listento,payfor,sendfor,laughat,hearof(from),getover等。如：Weshouldn'tlaughatothers.我们不应该嘲笑别人。3．动词＋副词＋介词。常见的有lookdownupon,getonwith,catchupwith等。如：Ifyoustudyhard,you'llcatchupwithyourclassmates.如果你努力学习，你将会赶上你的同班同学。4．动词＋名词＋介词。常见的有takecareof,makeuseof,payattentionto,makefunof,takepridein,takepartin等。如：Pleasepaymoreattentiontodetails.3.常用动词搭配梳理使用频率较高的这类动词有：call，cut，come，go，get，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make等。常见的介词或副词有：in，off，out，up，away，for，on，over等。动词+aboutspeak／talkabout谈论thinkabout思考careabout关心，对……有兴趣bringabout引起，使发生setabout着手，开始hearabout听说worryabout为……担心动词+awaythrowaway扔掉blowaway吹走carryaway拿走，使入迷clearaway清除掉，消散dieaway逐渐消失,减弱passaway去世washaway冲走takeaway拿走，使消失putaway收拾起来，存起来giveaway背弃，泄漏，赠送动词+foraskfor要求得到carefor关心，喜欢searchfor查找lookfor寻找callfor需要，要求take…for误以为……是动词+downburndown烧毁breakdown坏了，垮了，分解takedown记下，记录turndown调小，拒绝cutdown削减，砍倒calmdown平静下来动词+atworkat干……活动(研究)lookat看，注视stareat凝视glareat怒视laughat嘲笑knockat敲(门、窗等)pointat指向aimat向……瞄准callat拜访(地点)动词+fromhearfrom收到……来信diefrom因……而死keep／stop／prevent…from不让……做learnfrom向……学习动词+ofthinkof想到dreamof梦到consistof由……组成speakof谈到dieof死于hearof听说complainof抱怨动词+offsetoff出发showoff炫耀getoff下车，脱下(衣服等)takeoff脱下，起飞seeoff送行putoff延期，推迟falloff跌落，掉下keepoff避开，勿走近payoff还清；付清；行贿；取得成功turn(switch)off关掉动词+ondependon依靠relyon依靠insiston坚持carryon继续，进行keep／goon继续spend…on在……花钱puton穿上，戴上，上演callon拜访moveon继续移动，往前走liveon以……为生动词+outbreakout爆发pointout指出pickout选出carryout执行，进行setout出发，着手，摆放wearout穿破，使……疲劳turnout结果是，生产，培养makeout理解，看清楚comeout出版，出来workout算出，想出办法等findout查出，弄明白putout扑灭runout用完goout熄灭动词+ingivein让步handin上交succeedin在……获成joinin参加takein接纳，吸收，改小fillin填写动词+intolookinto研究，调查turninto变成divide…into把……分成change…into把……变成put／translate…into把……译成动词+overturnover翻倒，细想thinkover仔细考虑goover审阅，检查，研究lookover翻阅，检查getover克服takeover接管，接替动词+tobelongto属于pointto指向turnto向……求助，查阅stick／hold／keepto坚持，忠于replyto答复getto到达writeto写信给supply…to为……提供addto增添动词+upgrowup成长，长大giveup放弃，献出buildup建立setup架起、建立putup搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起bringup抚养，呕吐，提出出现turnup开大(音量等)，出席stayup挺住，熬夜takeup开始学，从事，占据useup用完makeup构成，组成编造弥补speedup加快速度clearup整理，收拾，放晴lookup查找，找出动词+throughgetthrough通过，干完，接通电话lookthrough翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看gothrough审阅，检查，学习put…through接通电话动词+withdealwith处理，对付talkwith同……交谈agreewith同意，与……一致comparewith与……相比combinewith与……相联合equip…with以……装备cover…with用……覆盖beginwith以……开始endupwith以……结束supply…with以……供给provide…with以……供给playwith玩，玩弄4.同一个动词。后面加上不同的小品词(即介词或副词)：putv.puton穿；带上；上演putoff延期putout扑灭putup举起；挂起takev.takeaway拿走takeoff脱掉（衣服等）；起飞takeout取出takeplace发生；举行takeup开始从事turnv.turnon打开（电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等）turnoff关掉（电视，电灯，收音机，水龙头等）turnup（把音量等）调高turndown（把音量等）调低turnout结果是；证明是turnover翻（车/页/身）turninto变成gov.goon继续goout熄灭goover复习goaheadgowrong出错getv.getback返回getoff下车geton/in上车（大/小）getto到达getup起床talkv.talkwith/tosb.和某人交谈talkabout谈论，议论talkover讨论，商量5.动词及词组辨析6.中考高频动词（必背）7.中考高频动词词组（必背）1．—Doyouhavetomove,Adam?Anyway,acheapflatlikethiscannotbeeasilyfound.—I’mafraidI________,orI’llbedrivenmadbythenoisearound.A．need B．can C．could D．must2．Myfatherworksinahospital.“Asadoctor,you________betoocareful,”hesays.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t3．—Nick,comewithustoflythekiteinthepark.It’sgettingwindynow.—Ican’t.MomsaidI_______finishmyhomeworkbeforedoinganythingelse.A．hadto B．will C．usedto D．can4．IsawMissLiintheschoollibraryfiveminutesago,andshe________beinherofficenow.A．may B．must C．mustn’t D．can’t5．Oneofourrulesisthateverystudent________wearschooluniformwhileatschool.A．may B．could C．shall D．will6．Mydadseldomhashisfavoritecoat________inalaundry.Heoftenhasmymomwashitbyhand.A．wash B．towash C．washed D．washing7．—DoyouenjoythesongssungbyMichaelJackson?—Ofcourse.NotonlyIbutalsomyparents________hisfans.A．am B．are C．was D．were8．—________Iuseyourdictionary?Iwanttolookupaword.—Noproblem.Hereyouare.A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May9．Notonlychildrenbutalsomyhusband________crazyaboutthemovieAnotherMe.A．is B．are C．am D．were10．—It’snecessaryforustolookleftandrightwhenwewalkacrossthestreet.—You’reright.We________betoocarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.A．can B．can’t C．may D．mustn’t11．Thelady________beourmusicteacher.SheishavingamusiclessoninClass2.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．won’t D．can’t12．—Someoneisknockingatthedoor,isitAnn?—It________beher.Sheisgivingperformanceatthetheaternow.A．may B．must C．can’t D．mustn’t13．—MayItakeaphotohere?—No,you________.Lookatthesign:“NoPhotos!”A．needn’t B．must C．might D．mustn’t14．Thesportsmeeting________beputoff.Italldependsontheweather.A．shall B．need C．must D．might15．Thebeef________sodeliciousthatIliketoeatsomemore.A．tastes B．smells C．feels D．sounds16．—IsthiscarJim’s?—No.It________his.Hedoesn’thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.A．mustbe B．can’tbe C．shouldbe D．maybe17．—IsthisblueschoolbagLucy’s?—No.It________behers.Herschoolbagispink.A．must B．may C．can’t D．won’t18．—Mum,mustIstaytherethewholeday?—No,you________.You________comebackafterlunch.A．mustn’t;can B．needn’t;mus