河南省开封市高三英语上学期第一次模拟试试题（含解析）

河南省开封市2021届高三英语上学期第一次模拟试试题（含解析）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节书，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题分;满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话治有一个'小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?答案是C.1.Whatdoesthewomanneedtobuyforskiing?A.Gloves.B.Ascarf.C.Sunglasses.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Readingabook.B.Sleeping.C.Playinggames.3.Whycan'tthemangototheconcertonFridaynight?A.Hewillgotoseeamovie.B.Hewilleatwithhiscousins.C.Hewillbeawayindowntown.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atadoctor's.B.Atapolicestation.C.Atasupermarket.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howtosortoutrubbish.B.Howto.ensurecitysafety.tC.Howtoprotecttheenvironment.第三节（共15/h题；每小题分，满分分）听下段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的;A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项；并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料;回答第6，7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Glassmates.7.Whichclassdidthegirllikebest?A.English.B.Art.C.Chemistry.听第7段材料，個答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthegirlthinkofthevisittotheweatherforecastingstation?A.Meaningful.B.Tiring.C.Worthless.9.Whichplacedidthegirlgotolastyear?A.Amuseum.B.Agarden.C.Asportscenter.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.HowmightKarenfeelaboutJim'spresent?A.Bored.B.Satisfied.C.Surprised.11.WhatwillthemangiveKaren?A.ADVD.B.Abook.C.Anecklace.12.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Goshoppingwiththeman.B.AttendKaren’sparty;C.Pickuptheman.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’sopimoriohMarkTwain'sbiography?A.It'sinformative.B.It'sdifficult.C.It'sboring.14.WhichplaceinspiredthefictionaltowninMarkTwain'sbook?A.NewOrleans.B.Hannibal.C.NewYorkCity.15.WhathappenedtoMarkTwainin1859?A.HemetHorace.B.Helefthishometown.C.Hebecameasteamboatpilot.16.HowdidMarkTwaingethispenname?A.Itcamefromhisjob.B.Itwasgivenbyhisfather.C.ItwassuggestedbypilotHorace.听第10.段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whycanthespeakerfindshipsquickly?A.Heteamsthehistoryofshipsfrombooks.B.Heuserthelatestequipment.C.Heisaprofessionaldriver.18.Whatisthespeaker'sbookabout?A.Someprofessionaldrivers.B.Hishobbies.C.Fishermen'sexperiences.19.Whatisthespeakerdoingnow?A.LookingforthehistoryofTheSeabird.B.Tryingtogetgoldfromasunkenship.C.Doingresearchonrocks.20.Howdidthespeakerlearntodive?A.Byjoiningadivingclub.B.Bygoingonadivingholiday.C.Byteachinghimself.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheOECDisaglobaleconomicforumworkingwith38membercountries(includingUK,US,Canada,Australia,Belgium,etc.)andmorethan100emerginganddevelopingeconomiestomakebetterpoliciesforbetterlives.Ourmissionistopromotepoliciesthatwillimprovetheeconomicandsocialwell-beingofpeoplearoundtheworld.Weprovideauniqueforuminwhichgovernmentsworktogethertoshareexperiencesonwhatdriveseconomic,socialandenvironmentalchanges,seekingsolutionstocommonproblems.Weaimtoimproveourefficiencyandeffectiveness;staffmembersareencouragedtoactivelycontributetothisgoal.WhatdoYoungProfessionalsdo?TheYoungProfessionalsProgram(YPP)bringstalentedyoungprofessionalsintotheOECDtoworkanddeveloptheircareerwiththeguidanceofseniorcolleagues.TheProgramlaststwoyearsduringwhichourYoungProfessionals(YPs)workwithexperiencedandenthusiasticpeople,representativesofarichdiversityofcultures,languagesandprofessionalbackgrounds.TheyworkwithseniornationalpolicymakerswhoparticipateintheOECD'stechnicalandpolicymeetingseachyear.AreyouanidealcandidateforthisProgram?First,tobequalified,youmustsatisfythese2criteria:•bebornonorafter30September1989(exceptionswillbemadefornationalsofOECDmembercountrieswhichhavecompulsorymilitaryservice）•haveanOECDmembercountrynationalityThenyoushouldhave:•anadvancedacademicdegreeinasubjectofrelevancetotheOECD'swork•aminimumoftwoyears’fulltimeprofessionalexperienceinrelatedfieldsforcandidateswithMaster'sdegree（s）•strongquantitativeandanalyticalskillsdemonstratedbyacademicachievement•knowledgeofcountrypoliciesandinstitutionsandanunderstandingofpoliticalandreformprocessesFormoreinformation,pleasecontactusatwww.oecd.org/social-media.1.WhatisspecialaboutOECD?A.It'sawebsiteworkingfor38countries.B.Itestablishessomepoliciesbeneficialtoeconomy.C.Itisaimedatimprovingtheeconomicsituationsglobally.D.Itoffersmorejobopportunitiestothoselovingsharingexperiences.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutYoungProfessionals?A.They'reyoungandreallysmart.B.They'retalentedandrichexperienced.C.They'reskilledpeopleinacertainarea.D.They'regiftedyoungpeopleinaspecificfield.3.WhoisqualifiedtoapplyforYPP?A.A26-year-oldAmericanaccountant.B.A34-year-oldCanadiandoctor.C.A31-year-oldeconomicsPHD.D.A35-year-oldAustralianteacher.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要内容是经合组织招贤纳士的广告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TheOECDisaglobaleconomicforumworkingwith38membercountries(includingUK,US,Canada,Australia,Belgium,etc.)andmorethan100emerginganddevelopingeconomiestomakebetterpoliciesforbetterlives.”（经合组织是一个全球经济论坛，与38个成员国(包括英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、比利时等)和100多个新兴和发展中经济体合作，为改善生活制定更好的政策。）和“Weprovideauniqueforuminwhichgovernmentsworktogethertoshareexperiencesonwhatdriveseconomic,socialandenvironmentalchanges,seekingsolutionstocommonproblems.”（我们提供了一个独特的论坛，让各国政府共同努力，分享推动经济、社会和环境变化的经验，寻求解决共同问题的办法。）可知，这个组织的特别之处在于它的目的是改善全球的经济状况。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatdoYoungProfessionalsdo?部分的“TheYoungProfessionalsProgram(YPP)bringstalentedyoungprofessionalsintotheOECDtoworkanddeveloptheircareerwiththeguidanceofseniorcolleagues.”（青年专业人员计划将有才华的年轻专业人员引入经合组织，在资深同事的指导下工作和发展自己的职业生涯。）以及“withexperiencedandenthusiasticpeople,representativesofarichdiversityofcultures,languagesandprofessionalbackgrounds.”（与经验丰富、热情高涨的人士合作，他们代表着丰富多样的文化、语言和专业背景）可知，他们是在某一特定领域有天赋的年轻人。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据AreyouanidealcandidateforthisProgram?部分的“bebornonorafter30September1989”（1989年9月30日或之后出生）和“aminimumoftwoyears’fulltimeprofessionalexperienceinrelatedfieldsforcandidateswithMaster'sdegree（s）”（硕士学位候选人在相关领域至少两年的全职专业工作经验）可知，年龄需要小于31（2020-1989）周岁，且有工作经验。A项：26岁的美国会计师。符合要求。故选A。BFrightfulhadnotbeenquitetwoweeksoldwhenshefirstsawSamGribley.Smallasshewas,shehadattackedhimashecarriedhertotheground."I'mgoingtocallyouFrightful,''hehadsaid.Thenhecarriedhertoatree.ThiswasSam'shome.Hefedherfourandfivetimesaday.Beforelong,Frightfulthoughtofhimashermother.Hecaredforherlikeaperegrinefalcon（游隼）motherwould.Whenshewasolder,Sammadeaperch（栖木）forherandplacedheronit.Hetaughthertoflytohishand.Whenshewasfull-grown,hetookherhuntingwithhim.Atnightandonwinterdays,sheperchedonhisbedsteadandwarmedherselfbythefireplace.Onsummerdays,shewouldsitonherperchoutsideandwatchthebirdsandbusySam.Patientlyshewaitedforhimtotakeherhunting.Itwashergreatestpleasure.Shelovedtheskyandthewinds.Frightfulwasanexcellenthunterwhorarelymissed.Thefoodwasshared.Theirlivesdependedoneachother.Frightfulwantedtoflybutshecouldnotsee.Blindfolded,shehadtraveledwithtwostrangemenforseveraldays.Oneofthemhadtakenherfromtheperchbesidethetree.Shelookedathimbeforehecoveredherhead.ShemustfindSamagainnow.Samhadbeggedthemannottotakeheraway,buthehadpushedSamasideandearnedher.Adoorhadclosed,andshewasinsideatruck.Themotorwasmoving.Afalconbelltinkled（叮当作响）nearby.Asharp-shinnedhawk（条纹鹰）hadshiftedhisfeet.Aprairiefalconcalledoutasinglenote.They,likeherself,weresensingthedirectionofthemovingcar.Severalfeedingslater,thesecondmanputFrightfulonaperchinaforest.Theprairiefalconandsharp-shinnedhawkwerethere,too.Althoughtheywouldreadilyattackher,shewasnotafraidofthem.Frightfulwasaperegrinefalcon.Shewasfasterthananyotherbird.Herlongpointedwings,wideshoulders,andstrongbodyweresculptedbythewind,theopensky,andthenatureofherancestralbirds.4.WhatwasFrightfullikewhenSammetherforthefirsttime?A.Big. B.Cute. C.Weak. D.Aggressive.5.WhatdidFrightfulthinkofSam?A.Shefearedhim. B.Shefelthewascruel.C.Sheconsideredhimasherfamily. D.Shethoughthemadeherworkhard.6.WhathappenedtoFrightfullater?A.Sheattackedrobbers. B.Shehadanarrowescape.C.ShewastakenawayfromSam. D.ShewassoldtostrangersbySam.7.WhatwillFrightfulprobablydonext?A.Learnhowtoflyfaster. B.TrytocomebacktoSam.C.Fightagainstthetwomen. D.Getonwellwithotherbirds.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sam和一只名叫Frightful的游隼的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“FrightfulhadnotbeenquitetwoweeksoldwhenshefirstsawSamGribley.Smallasshewas,shehadattackedhimashecarriedhertotheground.”（Frightful第一次见到萨姆·格里布利时还不到两个星期。她个子虽小，却在他把她抱到地上时袭击了他。）可推知，Frightful第一次见到Sam时有侵略性。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hefedherfourandfivetimesaday.Beforelong,Frightfulthoughtofhimashermother.Hecaredforherlikeaperegrinefalconmotherwould.”（他一天喂她四、五次。不久以后，她把他当作她的母亲。他像游隼妈妈一样照顾她。）可知，Frightful认为Sam是家人。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第七段“Samhadbeggedthemannottotakeheraway,buthehadpushedSamasideandearnedher.”（萨姆曾央求那个男人不要把她带走，但他却把萨姆推到一边，抓住了她。）可知，她被人从萨姆身边带走了。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“ShemustfindSamagainnow.”（她现在必须再找到萨姆。）和文章最后一段“Frightfulwasaperegrinefalcon.Shewasfasterthananyotherbird.Herlongpointedwings,wideshoulders,andstrongbodyweresculptedbythewind,theopensky,andthenatureofherancestralbirds.”（Frightful是一只游隼。她跑得比其他任何鸟都快。她那又长又尖的翅膀、宽阔的肩膀和强壮的身体，都是由风、开阔的天空和她祖先鸟类的天性所塑造的。）可推知，Frightful可能会回到Sam身边。故选B。CBoredomissomethingtoexperience.Ifkidsdon'tfigurethisoutearlyon,they'reinforanunpleasantsurprise.School,let'sfaceit,canbedullanditisn'tactuallytheteacher'sjobtoentertainaswellaseducate.-Inamuch-readstory,TheRelentlessnessofModemParenting,ClaireCainMillerreferredtoarecentstudythatfoundregardlessofclass,incomeorrace,parentsbelievedthat"childrenwhowereboredafterschoolshouldtakepartinextracurricularactivities,andthatparentswhowerebusyshouldstoptheirtaskanddrawwiththeirchildrenifasked."Parentspreparingforalongcarridearelikearmyofficersplanningacomplexlandmaneuver（(演习)）withthehelpofgamesandmoviesplayedoniPadandsmartphones.Whatdidparentsinthe1970sdowhenkidswerebored?Nothing!Theyletthembreatheingasfumes.Andsinceitwasn'tactuallyforwearingplaywiththebrokensafetybelt.Ifyoucomplainedaboutbeingboredbackthen,youwerereallyaskingforit."Cleanyourroom,"youmightget.Wasthisfun?No.Wasithelpful?Yes.Becausethingshappenwhenyou'rebored.SomeofthemostboringjobsI'vehadwerealsothemostcreative.Whilecheckingoutfoodatthesupermarket,Iinventedstoriesaboutpeople'spurchases.Themanbuyingeggplantandasix-packofbeerat9p.m.:Whichwasthemust-getthingandwhichtheimpulsepurchase?Howdidmyformerfifth-gradeteacherfeelaboutmyobservingherweeklypurchaseofcookies?Theabilitytohandleboredom,notsurprisingly,isassociatedwiththeabilitytofocus.Researchhasshownthatpeoplewithattentiondisordersareparticularlypoorinhandlingboredom.It'sespeciallyimportantthatkidsgetboredandbeallowedtostayboredwhentheybeyoung.Itshouldn'tbeconsidered"aproblem"tobeavoidedorremovedbythehigher-ups,butinsteadsomethingkidshandleontheirown.We'vestoppedtrainingchildrentodothis.Ratherthanteachthemtounderstandmaterialthatisduller,teachersspendmoretimeinventingwaysto"attract"students.Butsurelyteachingchildrentostandboredomwillpreparethemforamorerealisticfuture.8.WhatisthefindingofthestudymentionedbyClaireCainMiller?A.Schoolkidsfindithardtostandboredom.B.Peoplearetoobusytodrawwiththeirkids.C.Extracurricularactivitiesaregainingpopularity.D.Parentsaretryingtheirbesttomaketheirkidshavefun.9.Whatdidparentsinthe1970susuallydowhenkidswereboredonalongcarride?A.Theyplayedwiththem.B.Theyleftthemalone.C.Theytoldthemaboutfamousmovies.D.Theyaskedthemtopayattentiontosafety.10.Whydoestheauthorshareherexperienceatthesupermarket?A.Toshowcustomers'purchasinghabits.B.Toshowwhatadifficultlifeshewasliving.C.Toshowboredomandjobsgohandinhand.D.Toshowthelinkbetweenboredomandcreativity.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Kidshaveenoughfun B.LifeisaboringjourneyC.Letkidsgetboredagain D.Turnboredomintoentertainment【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述实验和自身经历说明需要教会孩子们忍受无聊。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“childrenwhowereboredafterschoolshouldtakepartinextracurricularactivities,andthatparentswhowerebusyshouldstoptheirtaskanddrawwiththeirchildrenifasked”（放学后感到无聊的孩子应该参加课外活动，而忙碌的家长如果被要求，应该停下手中的工作，和孩子一起画画）可知，ClaireCainMiller提及的研究发现父母尽他们最大的努力让他们的孩子有乐趣。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句第三句“Whatdidparentsinthe1970sdowhenkidswerebored?Nothing!”（上世纪70年代，当孩子们无聊时，父母们会做什么?什么都不做!）可知，上世纪70年代父母在孩子们无聊时不会管他们。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句第二句“Becausethingshappenwhenyou'rebored.SomeofthemostboringjobsI'vehadwerealsothemostcreative.”（因为当你无聊的时候，事情就会发生。我所做过的一些最无聊的工作却也是最有创造力的。）可知，作者分享自己在超市的经历的目的是展示无聊和创造力之间的联系。故选D。4.主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后两句“Ratherthanteachthemtounderstandmaterialthatisduller,teachersspendmoretimeinventingwaysto"attract"students.Butsurelyteachingchildrentostandboredomwillpreparethemforamorerealisticfuture.”（老师们花更多的时间发明方法来“吸引”学生，而不是教他们去理解那些枯燥无味的材料。但毫无疑问，教会孩子们忍受无聊会让他们为更现实的未来做好准备。）可知，本文的主要意图是提倡教会孩子们忍受无聊。所以短文的最佳标题为“许孩子们感到无聊”。故选C。D"Italiansdon'tgetfat"isapopularsayingusedtodescribeItalianfoodandlifestyle.Italiansarefamouslydevotedtotheirgreatfood,yettheirobesityrateisreallylowcomparedwithothercountries.ManystudieshavefoundthatanItaliandiethasnumeroushealthbenefits,fromreducingtheriskofcancerandheartdiseasetolivingahealthier,longerlife.However,somethingmustbegettinglostintranslation.ManyItalianfoodsareeverythingbuthealthy.Onarecenttriptomyhomeland,Italy,IdecidedtoseeformyselfwhytheItaliansdon'tgetfat.Mytripstartedwheremyfamilylives,inthenorthernItaly,andended15dayslaterontheAmalficoast.ItquicklybecameveryclearthattheItaliansknowhowtoreallyenjoytheexperienceofeating.Theysocializeandrelaxwhilediningoverdinner.Beforeandafterdinner,mostpeopleinItalywalkthroughtown,calledpasseggiata.Peoplewalktogether,talkingandkeepingaliveavaluedtradition.ManypeopleinItalyaren'tregardfulaboutcaloriesbecausetheyusuallystopeatingwhentheyarefull.Italians,alsoleadactivelifestyle,withlotsofbikeridingorwalking,mostlyinurbanareas.Moreover,theyusuallysatisfyasweettoothwithfruitsinsteadofsweetdesserts.Italianssimplybalancethequalityandquantityoffoods.PeopleinItalyenjoythefat,buttheydon'toverdoit.WhatIpersonallylikethemostisthatthekitchensecretsarepassedalongfromgenerationtogeneration,littlechildrencanalwaysbefoundinthekitchenwiththeirmammas——learningfromthem.Italianslearntoeatwellandjustenjoysomethingsweetonoccasion.Howrighttheyare!Becausewhenpeoplegoondiets,theyusuallygetdepressedandgainevenmoreweight.AnItalianmealtimeshouldbearelaxedoccasionenjoyedinthegreatcompanyoffamilyorfriends.CookingathomeandavoidingrestaurantfoodaresomeofthereasonswhyItaliansdon'tgetfat.So,alwayschoosehomemadefoodandtrytobeactiveaftereating.Ifyoudon'thavetimeordon'twanttoleavethehouse,therearemanyhealthyexercisesthatyoucandoathome.12.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutItalianfood?A.Itishealthy. B.Itcontainshighfat.C.Ithelpspeopleloseweight. D.Itlowerstherisksofvariousdiseases.13.Whydidtheauthorgobackhome?A.Shemissedherfamily.B.Shewantedtohavearest.C.Sheplannedtotravelinherhometown.D.ShedecidedtofindthesecretofItaliandiets.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“regardful”inParagraph5mean?A.Concerned. B.Satisfied.C.Doubtful. D.Frightened.15.WhydoItaliansnevergetfat?A.Theyseldomeatout. B.Theydon'thaveasweettooth.C.Theyavoidtakingapasseggiata. D.Theycontrolfattheytakeinstrictly.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是为什么意大利人吃的食物富含高脂肪仍不会胖的原因，作者经过研究观察后发现意大利人虽然使用高脂肪食物，但是会控制摄入食物的量，并且不会发胖也与他们健康的生活方式也息息相关。

【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ManystudieshavefoundthatanItaliandiethasnumeroushealthbenefits,fromreducingtheriskofcancerandheartdiseasetolivingahealthier,longerlife.However,somethingmustbegettinglostintranslation.ManyItalianfoodsareeverythingbuthealthy.(许多研究发现，意大利饮食对健康有很多好处，从降低患癌症和心脏病的风险到更健康、更长寿。然而，在翻译过程中，一定会遗漏一些东西。许多意大利食物完全不健康。)”可知A,C,D三项表达错误，结合第六段“Italianssimplybalancethequalityandquantityoffoods.PeopleinItalyenjoythefat,buttheydon'toverdoit.(意大利人只是简单地平衡食物的质量和数量。意大利人喜欢吃高脂肪食物，但不会过量食用。)”可推知意大利食物含高脂肪，故选B项。

【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Onarecenttriptomyhomeland,Italy,IdecidedtoseeformyselfwhytheItaliansdon'tgetfat.(在最近一次回到我的祖国意大利的旅行中，我决定亲自去看看为什么意大利人不会变胖。)”可知作者回家的目的是为了了解为什么意大利人吃这些食物不会发胖，由此推断作者想要找出意大利饮食的秘密，故选D项。

【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段“ManypeopleinItalyaren'tregardfulaboutcaloriesbecausetheyusuallystopeatingwhentheyarefull.Italians,alsoleadactivelifestyle,withlotsofbikeridingorwalking,mostlyinurbanareas.Moreover,theyusuallysatisfyasweettoothwithfruitsinsteadofsweetdesserts.(许多意大利人不在意卡路里，因为他们通常吃饱了就会停止进食。意大利人的生活方式也很活跃，他们经常骑自行车或步行，大部分在城市地区。此外，他们通常用水果来满足爱吃甜食的人，而不是甜点。)”可知本段内容讲述了意大利人健康的饮食习惯与生活方式，他们虽然吃高脂肪的食物，但是会控制吃的量，并且吃完以后还会进行一些消耗运动，所以可推知他们并不在意高脂肪食物中的卡路里，由此可推知regardful意为“关注，在意”，故选A项。

【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“CookingathomeandavoidingrestaurantfoodaresomeofthereasonswhyItaliansdon'tgetfat.(在家做饭和不吃餐馆的食物是意大利人不会长胖的部分原因。)”可知意大利人喜欢在家做饭，不喜欢到饭店吃食物，所以他们不会长胖的原因是很少到外面吃饭。故选A项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.Quitesimply,schooltripsarethejourneyswhichtakeplaceoutsideastudent'snormalenvironment.____16____Educationaltripsarenormallydoneinamuseumorahistoricplace.Theycouldprovideabetterunderstandingasthestudentswouldbeabletomakeaconnectionbetweenaplace,time,orevenpeopleinhistoryandsomethingthey'veseenonafieldtrip.Atriptothezoocouldprovideabetterunderstandingofanimals.Biologyisevenbetterwhenthereareproperanimalstobenamed.____17____Teachersandheadmastersareadvisedtogivethestudentsprizesandrewardsfordifferentaccomplishmentsdoneonafieldtrip.Planetariums(天文馆)couldhelpstudentsrememberconstellations(星座)better.____18____Planetariumscouldhelpthemseethattheearthisjustasmallplanetintheuniverseandthatthereisnoreasonnottoexplore.Ifyouareateacherandyou'relucky,youmayhavetakenthenextgreatestastronauttotheplanetariumonaschooltrip.____19____Alsotheycouldhelpthemseethattherearesomanylivingthingsthatdependonthemandhowtheycantakecareofnature.Childrenareveryeasilyinspired.____20____Therefore,itisnecessaryforteacherstooftentaketheirstudentstofieldtrips,wheretheycanhavefunlearning.A.Makesurethatthesetripsareinteresting.B.Theimportanceofschooltripscan'tbeignored.C.Aschooltripisdonemostlyforeducationalpurposes.D.Soit'sbesttoinstillinthemgoodcharactersandeducation.E.Gameslikenaminganimalscouldprovidehoursoffunandeducation.F.Schooltripstofarmscouldhelpstudentsunderstandthevalueofnature.G.Theycouldalsohelpstudentsimaginehowfarthesunisfromtheearth.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.F20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学校旅行经常会去的地点以及带来的好处。16题详解】根据上文“Quitesimply,schooltripsarethejourneyswhichtakeplaceoutsideastudent'snormalenvironment.”（简言之，学校旅行就是发生在学生正常环境之外的旅行。）和下文“Educationaltripsarenormallydoneinamuseumorahistoricplace.Theycouldprovideabetterunderstandingasthestudentswouldbeabletomakeaconnectionbetweenaplace,time,orevenpeopleinhistoryandsomethingthey'veseenonafieldtrip.”（教育之旅通常在博物馆或历史名胜进行。他们可以提供更好的理解，因为学生将能够建立一个地点，时间，甚至历史上的人与他们在实地考察中看到的东西之间的联系。）可知，空处承上启下，说明了学校旅行的目的。C项：Aschooltripisdonemostlyforeducationalpurposes.（学校旅行主要是为了教育目的。）符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】根据下文本段主题句“Atriptothezoocouldprovideabetterunderstandingofanimals.”（去动物园旅行可以让人们更好地了解动物。）和上文“Biologyisevenbetterwhenthereareproperanimalstobenamed.”（如果有合适的动物可以命名，生物学就更好了。）可知，本段讲述的学校旅行目的地和动物园相关。E项：Gameslikenaminganimalscouldprovidehoursoffunandeducation.（像给动物命名这样的游戏可以提供几个小时的乐趣和教育。）符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Planetariumscouldhelpstudentsrememberconstellationsbetter.”（天文馆可以帮助学生更好地记忆星座。）可知，本段主要说明去天文馆进行学校旅行的好处。G项：Theycouldalsohelpstudentsimaginehowfarthesunisfromtheearth.（他们也可以帮助学生想象太阳离地球有多远。）符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Alsotheycouldhelpthemseethattherearesomanylivingthingsthatdependonthemandhowtheycantakecareofnature.”（他们也可以帮助他们看到有这么多的生物，依靠他们和他们如何能照顾自然。）可知，F项中的“thevalueofnature”和“takecareofnature”对应。F项：Schooltripstofarmscouldhelpstudentsunderstandthevalueofnature.（学校去农场旅行可以帮助学生理解自然的价值。）符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文“Childrenareveryeasilyinspired.”（孩子们很容易受到启发。）可知，下文与之构成因果关系，因为孩子们能受到启发，因此最好是向他们灌输良好的品格和教育。D项符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Howmuchdoyouknowaboutathletes?Manypeopleregardwatchingsportsgamesasaformof____21____.Butforathletes,theyarechallengingthe____22____ofhumanbeingsandbreakingboundaries.Intensivetrainingisataskwhichtheydoeverydayasamatterof____23____.OnMay6,1954,RogerBannister,whoranamilein3minutes,59.4seconds,____24____thewholeworld’sattention.Peoplebelievedthatitwas____25____imaginationforapersontorunamilewithin4minutes.Bannistermadea（n）____26____inwhatpeoplebelievedwasimpossible.Intheyearssince,moreandmoreathleteshaveovercomethefour—minute—mile____27____.Today,therecord—heldbyHichamElGuerroujofMoroccosinceJuly7,1999—____28____at3minutesand43.13seconds!Recordsare____29____atalowerandlowerrateinbothrunningandotherfields.Whennewrecordsareset,they'rechangedbyasmallproportionofa（n）_____30_____.Thedecimalpoint（小数点）,setatone-tenthofasecondforBannister'srecord,now_____31_____one-hundredthofasecond._____32_____,we'llhavetogotoathirddecimalplace,andthenafourth.Thecloserathletesgettobeing_____33_____,theharderitistomakeimprovements.Eventhoughtheyare_____34_____thebestperformancesofhumanbeings,excellentathletescanstill_____35_____proportionsofsecondsoffexistingrecords.Theyhaveareal_____36_____tobreakrecords.Thegapsbetweennewandoldrecordsdecrease_____37_____.Athletesaregettingcloserandclosertophysiological_____38_____performancesallthetime.Itwillbetougherandtougher_____39_____.However,excellentathletesnever_____40_____trying.21.A.attention B.contribution C.recreation D.communication22.A.beliefs B.rights C.strengths D.limits23.A.routine B.situation C.experience D.opinion24A.required B.avoided C.attracted D.disturbed25.A.beyond B.within C.from D.by26.A.cut B.division C.involvement D.breakthrough27.A.difference B.barrier C.habit D.fear28.A.aims B.shoots C.works D.stands29.A.updated B.held C.checked D.established30.A.minute B.hour C.second D.day31.A.contains B.measures C.means D.covers32.A.Instead B.Soon C.Meanwhile D.Besides33.A.honest B.strong C.perfect D.ordinary34.A.assessing B.affecting C.expecting D.approaching35.A.shave B.keep C.pay D.knock36.A.history B.struggle C.change D.inspiration37.A.quickly B.finally C.normally D.gradually38.A.satisfactory B.peak C.consistent D.fair39.A.makingsense B.takingeffect C.makingprogress D.losingheart40.A.stop B.remember C.start D.suggest【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.A26.D27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.B33.C34.D35.A36.B37.D38.B39.C40.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式，但对于运动员来说，体育运动是在挑战人类的极限，打破界限。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式。A.attention注意力；B.contribution贡献；C.recreation娱乐，消遣；D.communication交流。根据下文“Butforathletes,theyarechallenging”可知，相比于运动员，大多数人把体育比赛堪称是娱乐方式。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于运动员来说，他们是在挑战人类的极限，打破界限。A.beliefs信念；B.rights权力；C.strengths优势，长处；D.limits限制。根据“breakingboundaries”可知，此处表示挑战人类的极限。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：强化训练是他们每天例行公事的一项任务。A.routine例行公事；B.situation情况；C.experience经验，经历；D.opinion观点。根据“whichtheydoeveryday”可知，对于运动员来说强化训练是例行公事。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1954年5月6日，罗杰·班尼斯特以3分秒的成绩跑完一英里，吸引了全世界的目光。A.required要求；B.avoided避免；C.attracted吸引；D.disturbed打扰。根据“OnMay6,1954,RogerBannister,whoranamilein3minutes,59.4seconds”可知，罗杰·班尼斯特以3分59.4秒的成绩跑完一英里，吸引了全世界的目光。attractone’sattention为固定短语，意为“吸引某人注意”。故选C。【25题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：人们认为一个人在4分钟内跑一英里是难以想象的。A.beyond超越；B.within在……之内；C.from来自；D.by靠，通过。Beyondimagination为固定短语，意为“难以想象”，根据“runamilewithin4minutes.”可知，在4分钟之内跑完一英里这样的速度超出了人们的想象。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特在人们认为不可能的事情上取得了突破。A.cut切口；B.division分开，分配；C.involvement参与，牵连；D.breakthrough突破。根据“whatpeoplebelievedwasimpossible”可知，人们认为这件事不可能发生，他却做到了，因此此处表示取得了突破。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，越来越多的运动员突破了4分钟一英里的障碍。A.difference不同，差别；B.barrier障碍；C.habit习惯；D.fear害怕。根据“Bannistermadeabreakthrough”可知，对于许多人来说达到这样的速度是一个障碍。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，摩洛哥的HichamElGuerrouj自1999年7月7日以来保持的世界纪录是3分43秒13!A.aims旨在，瞄准；B.shoots射击，发射；C.works工作，运转；D.stands站立，忍受。根据“at3minutesand43.13seconds!”可知，此处表示HichamElGuerrouj一直保持着记录。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在跑步和其他领域，记录的更新速度越来越慢。A.updated更新；B.held举办；C.checked检查；D.established建立。根据下文“Whennewrecordsareset,they'rechangedbyasmallproporti