初中英语句型转换详解及试题

PAGEPAGE4不少单项填空题干是由学生并不那么熟悉的句式构成的，这无形中增加了试题的难度。要答好这类试题，就必须设法将复杂的、不常见的句式还原成简单的、常见的句式，以便快速地把握句子结构，理解题目意思。还原的方法归纳起来主要有以下几种：1.将疑问句还原成陈述句；2.将感叹句还原成陈述句；3.将倒装语序还原成正常语序；4.将省略句还原成完整的句子；5.将强调句式还原成一般句式；6.将被动语态还原成主动语态；7.将复合句还原成简单句。试做下列各题：1.Isthisfactory_______youvisitedtheotherday?A.theoneB.thatC.whereD.when2.Whodidtheteacher_______thearticle?A.havewrittenB.havewriteC.hadwrittenD.haswriting3.Is______youwanttosay?A.thatallB.allthatC.allwhatD.what4.Wasit___sheheardwithherears__reallymadeherfrightened?A.what;thatB.because;thatC.that;whichD.what;/5.HowpleasedtheEmperorwas______whatthecheatssaid!A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.tohear6._______whatthesixblindmensaidsounded!A.HowfoolishlyB.HowfoolishC.WhatfoolishlyD.Whatfoolish7.Toallofyou_______honourforthesuccess.A.belongstoB.belongtoC.belongsD.belong8.Hereisanotebook,inwhich_______thenamesofthevisitors.A.writeB.writtenC.werewrittenD.waswritten9.Never_________shepraised______whatshedid.A.did;forB.did;ofC.was;forD.was;of10.Johnplaysfootball_______,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas11.Couldyougiveusthereasonwhyyoudidn'tdoas______?A.weretoldB.tobetoldC.toldtoD.told12.Itwas_____theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathome.A.repairedB.repairingC.torepairD.inrepair13.ItwasduringtheLiberationWar______hedied.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.when14.Wasit_______yesterdayevening_______youmethim?A.on;thatB.on;whenC.until;thatD.notuntil;that15.Thestudentsare______tohandintheexercisesbeforeclass.A.wishedB.hopedC.agreedD.promised16.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered______thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.tohaveinventedC.inventingD.havinginvented17.Hislosteyesightwas_____byhiseversharpeningsenseofhearing.A.madeupforB.madeupofC.madeuseofD.madeof18.Theblackboardwaswiped______.A.cleanB.cleanedC.cleanlyD.tobecleaned19.Thecar________shewastravelingwaslate.A.whichB.bywhichC.onwhichD.inwhich20.Isthisthewatchyouwishto_______?A.repairitB.haverepaireditC.haveitrepairedD.haverepaired21.Wouldyoupleasepointoutthemistakesinmycomposition,if________?A.anyB.noneC.someD.anything22.Is_______hesaiditworthbelieving?A.allwhatB.whatC.itD.that23.Whomwouldyouratherhave_________withyouthistime?A.togoB.goC.goneD.going24.__________youdid?No,asamatteroffact,Ididn'tneedto.A.ThatiswhatB.WhatisthatC.IsthatwhatD.Iswhatthat25.________everythinghehadtakenawayfromhim?A.WasB.ShouldC.DidD.Had26.Haseverything________canbedone__________?A.what;doneB.that;beendoneC.that;alreadydoneD.what;alreadybeendone27.Isthistheschool_______youvisitedsomeforeignersafewmonthsago?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.where28.Wherewas________thetrafficaccidenthappenedlastnight?A.itthatB.itC.theplacethatD.theplace29.Whoseeyes________itthathesawinthedarkness?A.wasB.wereC.isD.are30.Itwas______theneighbourssawcatchthethief.A.himthatB.hethatC.saidthatD.where31.Alongthepathsstoodsomesigns,________waswritten/!KeepOffTheGrass!/"A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.that32.Ratherthan________onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______abicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding33.Theywanttoseehowcivilized(驯化)theanimalcan______.A.experienceB.changeC.developD.become34.________itsnow,thecropswouldgrowbetter.A.wereB.WeretoC.ShouldD.Would35.TheboyIconsidered________cheatedintheexam.A.beinghonestB.tobehonestC.washonestD.thatishonest36.Did_________ontimemakeherteacherangry?A.nottocomeB.hernottocomeC.hernotcomingD.nothercoming[附]强调1.英语中表示强调的有强调句型Itis...,that...;Itwas...that强调句型只有两个时态，即Itis和Itwas,后跟被强调部分，然后用that被强调的是句子的主语，宾语和状语。状语可以是副词，介词短语或从句。如果被强调的是人，可以用who.例句：A．Itwasinthemorningthatheoftenwenttoseehisfriend.B.ItisIwhoamyourclosecomrade-in-arms.C.Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?2.强调用法，只用于肯定句中，用do,does或did加动词原形。A．Dobehereontime.(千万要准时来呀。)B．Thefamilydidsendhimtoschool.C.Hedoesknowallaboutit.即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如：

1.Themanagerlefttwohoursago.

Themanager_____________fortwohours.

分析：答案为hasbeenaway。leave为非延续性动词，不能与fortwohours这样的一段时间连用，而改成beaway这样的延续性动词后，则可连用一段时间。

2.Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.

Thefilmhasbeen__________fiveminutes.

分析：答案为onfor。hasbeen提示时态是现在完成时态，“for时间段”表示“持续（一段时间）”，常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。

3.MrLijoinedthePartytwentyyearsago.

MrLi_______________thePartyfortwentyyears.

答案：hasbeenin。短暂动词join，意为“参加、加入（组织，政党）”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join改成bein或beamemberin…。五、运用不同引语进行转换即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如：

1.“I’vefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.

He_________methathe__________________hiswallet.

分析：答案为told，hadfound。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。

2.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.

He______________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.

分析：答案为askedif/whether,before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如：

1.Wedidn’tgooutforawalkbecauseitwasraining.

Wedidn’tgooutforawalk______________therain.

分析：答案为becauseof。将原因状语从句becauseitwasraining改为表示原因的介词短语becauseoftherain。

2.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tgotosleep.

Hewas__________________gotosleep.

分析：答案为tooexcitedto。将so…that…换成too…to…结构，原句的that从句为结果状语从句，改写句中的不定式仍表结果。

3.NowIwillshowyouhowtodothework.

NowIwillshowyou__________________dothework.分析：答案为howyoucan。即将原句中的“疑问词不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。

4.Youshouldputthembackafteryouusethem.

Youshouldputthemback__________them.

分析：答案为afterusing。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如：

1.Comeon,orwe’llmisstheearlybus.

____we____hurry,we’llmisstheearlybus.

分析：答案为If，don’t。if引导条件状语从句。

2.Themangaveusatalklastweek.Nowhewillgiveusanothertalkthisweek.

Theman_____gaveusatalklastweek__________usanothertalkthisweek.

分析：答案为who/that，willgive。who/thatgaveusatalklastweek为定语从句，修饰先行词theman。八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子即运用关联连词both…and…，neither…nor…，either…or…，notonly…butalso…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是，both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数，而neither…nor…，either…or…，notonly…butalso…连接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如：

1.Tomcan’tspeakJapanesewellandJimcan’t,either.

______Tom______JimcanspeakJapanesewell.

分析：答案填Neither，nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……（两者）都不”，刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。

2.AlicehasreadthebookandPeterhasreadit,too.

______Alice______Peterhavereadthebook.

分析：答案为Both，and。both…and…的意思是“……和……（两者）都”。

3.Thisstoresellsmen’sshoes,anditalsosellsmen’sclothes.

Thisstoresells____________men’sshoes____________men’sclothes.

分析：答案为notonly，butalso。表示“不仅……而且……”之意。九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换这类典型结构如so…that…，too…to…，enoughto，not…until…，sodoI等。如：

1.Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.

Jimwantstogoboating,and____________hisparents.

分析：答案为sodo。句意为“……他的父母也一样（一样想去）”。

2.Johnwenttobedafterhefinishedhishomework.

John______gotobed______hefinishedhishomework.

分析：答案为didn’t，until。not…until意为“直到……才”。还原法就是应试者把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构,这样,题目就会变得简单,答案就会一目了然,具体来说,可采用以下几种方法：一、将倒装句改成陈述句。由于倒装句的使用,句子的结构变得陌生,对于这类题,可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如：Whomwouldyouratherhave＿＿＿withyou﹖A.togoB.goC.goneD.going分析：本题题干改成陈述句,则应是：Wouldyouratherhavewhom＿＿＿withyou﹖这样我们一眼就可以看出答案为B。二、将陈述句改为倒装句。如：Wehad＿＿＿＿lefthomethenitbegantorain.A.nosoonerB.hardlyC.almostD.nearly分析：Nosooner...then是一个大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知识点时,命题者却使用了一个陈述句。如果把题干改成：＿＿＿＿hadlefthomethenitbegantorain.这道题的答案A也就变得十分清楚了.三、去掉从句或插入语。命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语,造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语去掉,题干就会变得很简单。如：Thepersonwespoketo＿＿＿noansweratfirst.A.makeB.makingC.makesD.made分析：可以看出wespoketo是一个定语从句。将其去掉后,我们就会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词。故本题选用答案D。四、改被动句为主动句。由于被动句的使用,句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句,这类题就会变得清楚的多。Timeshouldbemadegooduseof＿＿＿ourlessonswell.A.learingB.learnedC.tolearnD.learns分析：将题干改写为主动句,则为Weshouldbegooduseoftime＿＿＿＿ourlessonwell可以发现介词of有其相应的宾语,其后不能在用动名词做宾语。应选不定式做目的状语。答案是C。五、改省略句为一个完整的句子。省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题,可恢复被省略的成分,使句子的结构变得明朗,进而选择合适的答案。—Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness﹖——＿＿＿＿＿1982.A.AfterB.InC.SinceD.From分析：将答语部分改为一个完整的句子；Thisbookshophasbeeninbusiness＿＿＿1982.在所给的选项中只有since能同现在完成时连用。故答案为C高考一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但命题者有意把题干复杂，改写为一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类题，我们可以反其道而行之，把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构，这样题目就会变得简单，答案就会一目了然，具体来说，可采用以下几种方法：■将倒装句改成陈述句由于倒装句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如：Whodidtheteacher________anarticlefortheschoolnewspaper?A.haswriteB.haswrittenC.havewriteD.havewritten分析：把本题题干改成陈述句，则应是：Theteacherhadwhowriteanarticlefortheschoolnewspaper.这样我们一眼就可以看出答案为C。测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用省去to的动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作。■将陈述句改为倒装句我们首次接触时是一个倒装句，而命题者恰恰是有意地使用陈述句来命题。如：Wehad________lefthomethanitbegantorainA.nosoonerB.hardlyC.almostD.nearly分析：nosooner...than是一个大家十分熟悉的句型。在考察知识点时，命题者却使用了一个陈述句。如果把题干改成：________hadwelefthomethanitbegantorain，这道题的答案A也就变得十分清楚了。■将从句或插入语去掉命题者有意地在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语，造成主谓隔离。如果将题干中的从句或插入语去掉，题干就会变得很简单。如：Thepersonwespoketo___noansweratfirst.A.makeB.makingC.makesD.made分析；可以看出wespoketo是一个定语从句。将其去掉后，我们就会发现这个句子少了一个谓语动词。故本题选用.D■将被动句改为主动句由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。如：Timeshouldbemadegooduseof___ourlessonswell.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learns分析：将题干改写为主动句则：Weshouldmakegooduseoftime________ourlessonwell。可以发现介词of有其相应的宾语，其后不能再用动名词做宾语，应选不定式做目的状语。答案是C。■将省略句改为完整的句子省略句使考生不易看清句子的结构。对于这类试题，可恢复被省略的成分，使句子的结构变得明朗，进而选择合适的答案。如：—HowlonghasChinabeenopentotheworld?—________1979.A.AfterB.InC.SinceD.From分析：将答语部分改为一个完整的句子：Chinahasbeenopentotheworldsince1979.在所给的选项中只有since能和现在完成时连用。故答案为C。■将强调句的itbe和that去掉还原成一个单句Itwasinthesmallhouse________wasbuiltwithstonebyhisfather________hespenthischildhood.A.which,thatB.that,whichC.which,whichD.that,where分析：可将题干还原成一个陈述句:Hespenthischildhoodinthesmallhousewhichwasbuiltwithstonebyhisfather.故答案为A。■将疑问句还原为陈述句Isthisbook________youhavebeenlookingforallthetime﹖A.thatB.oneC.theoneD.it分析：首先把疑问句还原成陈述句，题干即为Thisbookis________youhavebeenlookingforallthetime.容易看出该题是一个缺少表语且含有定语从句的主从复合句。不难看出，定语从句youhavebeenlookingforallthetime修饰的先行词是主句的表语，而选项中只有theone符合要求。故答案为C。■将固定短语还原Thatwas________wehadinBeijing13yearsago!A.wonderfultimeB.awonderfultimeC.wonderfulD.wonderfully分析：在某些复合句中，被修饰的先行词与定语从句中的动词可构成固定短语。此句可还原为：WehadawonderfultimeinBeijing13yearsago.可看出该复合句中有一固定搭配hadawonderfultime(玩得愉快)，定语从句中省略了关系代词that，故答案为B。

一．用“及物动词+不定式”结构可以将含有that引导的某些宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句。例如：

1.Hedecidedthathewouldbuyadigitalcameraonline.

→Hedecidedtobuyadigitalcameraonline.

2.Wehopedthatwewouldcomebacksoon.

→Wehopedtocomebacksoon.

3.IexpectthatIshallfinishmyworkbythisSunday.

→IexpecttofinishmyworkbythisSunday.

二．用“疑问词+不定式“结构可以将某些含有连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句转换简单句。例如：

1.Idon’tknowwhichoneIcanbuy.

→Idon’tknowwhichonetobuy.

2.Wewonderwherewe’llgothisSunday.

→WewonderwheretogothisSunday.

3.CouldyoupleaseteachmehowIcansearchtheInternet?

→CouldyoupleaseteachmehowtosearchtheInternet?

三．用“too…to…”结构可以将含有so…that引导的结果语从句(否定)的复合句转成简单句。如：

1.Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tlookafterhimself.

→Theboyistooyoungtolookafterhimself.

2.ThequestionissodifficultthatIcan’tanswerit.

→Thequestionistoodifficultformetoanswer.

四．用“…enough+不定式”结构可以将含有so…that…引导的结果状语从句（肯定）的复合句转变为简单句。例如：

1.Thegirlissotallthatshecanreachtheapplesonthetree.

→Thegirlistallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthetree.

2.Thishallissolargethatitcanhold2000people.

→Thishallislargeenoughtohold2000people.

3.Thetablewassolightthatthelittleboycancarryit.

→Thetablewaslightenoughforthelittleboytocarry.

五．用“happen+不定式”或“seem+不定式”结构可以分别将“Ithappensthat…”和“Itseemsthat…”等含有主语从句的复合句转换为简单句。例如：

1.Ithappenedthattheteachersawhimplayinginclass.

→Theteacherhappenedtoseehimplayinginclass.

2.Itseemedthatsharkshavebeenontheearthforthousandsofyears.

→Sharksseemedtohavebeenontheearthforthousandsofyears.

3.Itseemedthatthiscameraofferedthemostatthebestprice.

→Thiscameraseemedtoofferthemostatthebestprice.

六．用“inorder+不定式”或“soas+不定式”结构可以将含有sothat引导的目的状语从句的复合句转换为简单句。如：

1.Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesothatshecouldreceiveitsoon.

→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlineinordertoreceiveitsoon.

→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesoastoreceiveitsoon.

2.IwentovermycompositionagainandagainsothatIcouldn’tmakeanymistakes.

→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagaininordernottomakeanymistakes.

→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagainsoasnottomakeanymistakes.

3.MiyokoboughtacamerasothatshecouldtakepicturesinBeijing.

→MiyokoboughtacamerainordertotakepicturesinBeijing.

→MiyokoboughtacamerasoastotakepicturesinBeijing.

七．在某些作表语的形容词后面加不定式可以将某些含有状语从句的复合句转变成简单句。例如：

1.IwasgladwhenIheardthegoodnews.

→Iwasgladtohearthegoodnews.

2.Tom’sparentswereverysurprisedastheyknewallaboutit.

→Tom’sparentswereverysurprisedtoknowallaboutit.

八。"祈使句+or+简单句"可转换为"if引导的否定的条件句+主句"的句型；"祈使句+and+简单句"可转换为"if引导的肯定的条件句+主句"的句型。例如：1.Bebrave,oryou'llloseyourchance.→Ifyouaren'tbrave,you'llloseyourchance.2.Comeon,orwe'llmisstheearlybus.→Ifwedon'thurry,we'llmisstheearlybus.九定语从句的主从句缩略为简单句

为了使表达言简意赅，英语中常用一定的语法手段把句子简缩。定语从句简缩成单词或短语就是其中常见的一种现象。

1．在主动式定语从句中，如关系代词作从句的主语，谓语是一个行为动词，这时从句常缩略为一个现在分词短语。如：

①Themanwhoiswalkingalongthestreetcomesfromourcompany.→

Themanwalkingalongthestreetcomesfromourcompany.

②Thislensproducesrayswhichconvergetowardsapoint.→

Thislensproducesraysconvergingtowardsapoint.

如果从句的谓语动词后没有作状语的介词短语，由该动词变成的现在分词常置于所修饰的词之前。如：

①Thislensproducesrayswhichconverge.→

Thislensproducesconvergingrays.

②Thecountrieswhicharedevelopingshouldgetunited.→

Thedevelopingcountriesshouldgetunited.

把定语从句简缩为现在分词短语有以下几种情况：

（1）从句的谓语和主句的谓语所表达的时间要一致。如：

Weusedtoliveinthehousewhichfacedsouth.→

Weusedtoliveinthehousefacingsouth.

（2）从句的谓语动词是进行时态。如：

Cometomorrowandshowyourvisatothemanwhowillbesittingatthatdesk.→

Cometomorrowandshowyourvisatothemansittingatthatdesk.

（3）从句和主句的谓语所表达的时间都是泛指。如：

Chinaisadevelopingsocialistcountrywhichbelongstothethirdworld.→

Chinaisadevelopingsocialistcountrybelongingtothethirdworld.

（4）从句谓语动词的动作一发生，主句谓语动词的动作紧接着发生。如：

Themanwhostoleintotheroomwascaughtimmediatelyonthespot.→

Themanstealingtheroomwascaughtimmediatelyonthespot.

（5）从句谓语动词的动作可发生在主句谓语动词的动作这前。如：

Canyoucatchthebuswhichwillleaveat8thismorning?→

Canyoucatchthebusleavingat8thismorning?

2．在定语从句中，如从句的谓语动词是系动词be的一般现在时或一般过去时，表语是介词短语、形容词短语或名词短语，该从句可以缩略成介词短语、形容词短语或名词短语，作后置定语。如：

①Wesawtheglassesthatwereonthetablefalloffontothefloor.→

Wesawtheglassesonthetablefalloffontothefloor.

②Chinaiscountrywhichisrichinresources.→

Chinaiscountryrichinresources.

③Theyhadtofetchwaterfromawellwhichwasamileawayfromthevillage.→

Theyhadtofetchwaterfromawellamileawayfromthevillage.

如果定语从句仅有一个案形容词作表语，从句简缩后，该形容词的位置由其性质而定：若是表语形容词，应放在所修饰的词之后。如：

Allthosewhoarepresentarefromthenorth.→

Allthosepresentarefromthenorth.

若是定语形容词，则应置于所修饰的词之前。如：

Iwanttheflowerwhichisred.→

Iwanttheredflower.

3．如定语从句中的谓语动词有表示程度、方式等副词作状语，可把从句缩略为“副词+现在分词”结构作定语，置于所修饰的词前面。副词和现在分词用连字符连起来。如：

①Thepeasantswhoworkharddeservesuchrewards.→

Thehard-workingpeasantsdeservesuchrewards.

②Thisisariverwhichflowsfast.→

Thisisafast-flowingriver.

4．如定语从句中的及物动词带有一个普通名词作宾语，可把从句缩略为“名词+现在分词”结构作前置定语。名词和现在分词用连字符连结起来。如：

ThesouthofJiangsuisanareawhichgrowsrice.→

ThesouthofJiangsuisarice-growingarea.

Malaysiaisacountrywhichproducesrubber.→

Malaysiaisarubber-producingcountry.

5．一系列定语从句形容词在定语从句中作表语时，从句可缩略成并列形容词短语作前置定语。如：

①Apersonwhoisgentle,lovableandfamiliarisalwayseasytogetalongwith.→

Agentle,lovableandfamiliarpersonisalwayseasytogetalongwith.

②Marxismisasciencewhichislivinganddeveloping.→

Marxismisalivinganddevelopingscience.

6．如定语从句中的谓语动词与所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，从句通常可以缩略成不定式短语，放在所修饰的词之后置定语。如：

Heisagoodpersonwithwhomyoucanwork.→

Heisagoodpersontoworkwith.

7．根据名词或名词短语可作定语的原则，可以把定语从句缩略成名词或名词短语，用于修饰另一个名词。如：

ahousewhichstandsonacorner→acornerhouse;

arulerwhichmeasures50centimeters→a50centimetersruler;

agardenwhichisfullofflowers→aflowergarden;

afactorywhichmakessmallcars→asmall-carfactory

8．如定语从句中的谓语动词have表示“有”的含义，从句可缩略成with短语作后置定语，也可以缩略成“清凉油能+ed”作前置定语。如：

peoplewhohavemoney→peoplewithmoney或moneyedpeople;agirlwhohasblueeyes→agirlwithblueeyes或ablue-eyedgirl

主动式定语从句在以下几种情况下不通简缩：

（1）从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前（两个动作紧接着发生的情况除外）。如：

ThemanwhogaveusalecturehasleftforShanghai.

（2）从句中含有完成时态。如：

Thosewhohavedonetheworkmaygonow.

（3）从句中含有情态动词。如：

Doyouknowthewomanwhocanspeakfourforeignlanguages?

（4）从句与所修饰的先行词被其它成分隔开。如：

Notasinglebookcanbefoundwhichhassomethingtodowiththesubject.

（5）从句与所修饰的先行词之间有插入成分。如：

“Hereistheman,”hesaid,“whosellsnewspapers.”十含状语从句的复合句转换成简单句即将状语从句转换成状语短语。如：Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.他因病不能来。→Hecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.他因病不能来。Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.离开前请关灯。→Turnoffthelightbeforeleaving.离开前请关灯。Hewenthomeafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。→Hewenthomeafterfinishinghiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tspeak.他气得话都说不出来。→Hewastooangrytoospeak.他气得话都说不出来。Hestudiedhardinorderthathecouldpasstheexam.他努力学习以便能考及格。→Hestudiedhardinordertopasstheexam.他努力学习以便能考及格。专题练习将复合句改为简单句

1.IhopethatIwillhearfromyousoon.

Ihope____________fromyousoon.

2.IwonderhowIcangothere.

Iwonder____________gothere.

3.Whenandwheretheyshouldbuildanewpowerstationisadifficultproblemforthem.

Whenandwhere____________anewpowerstationisadifficultproblemforthem.

4.TheteacherwhoiswearingglassesteachesusEnglish.

Theteacher______glassesteachesusEnglish.

5.Myfathergotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.

Myfathergotupearly__________________catchthefirstbus.

6.Thegirlissoshortthatshecannotbeamodel.

Thegirlis______short______beamodel.

7.DoyoumindifIsmokehere?

Doyoumind____________here?

8.Thegirlwhoisdancingonthestageismysister.

Thegirl______onthestageismysister.

9.IthinkitimportantthatmiddleschoolstudentsshouldlearnEnglish.

Ithinkit____________middleschoolstudents______learnEnglish.

10.Ifeelthatitisdangeroustoplaywithfire.

Ifeel____________toplaywithfire.

11.MarxfoundthatitwasnecessarytostudyRussia.

Marxfound__________________studyRussia.

12.Afterhisfatherdied,helefthishometown.

Helefthishometownafterthe____________hisfather.

13.Don’tforgettoturnoffthegasbeforeyouleavethekitchen.

Don’tforgettoturnoffthegas____________thekitchen.

15.Shewon’tgotoseetheplaybecauseshehaslostherticket.

Shewon’tgotoseetheplay____________losingherticket.

16.Shewentforawalkaftershehadsupper.

Shewentforawalk____________.

17.IcouldswimwhenIwaseightyearsold.

Icouldswim__________________ofeight.

18.Hewaslateforschoolbecauseitrainedheavily.

Hewaslateforschool____________the______rain.

19.Idon’tknowhowIcananswerthequestion.

Idon’tknow__________________thequestion.

20.PleasetellmewhatIshoulddofirst.

Pleasetellme__________________first.

21.Heissoyoungthathecan’tjointhearmy.

Heis__________________jointhearmy.

22.Sheworkssohardthatshecanpasstheexam.

Sheworks____________topasstheexam.

23.Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindaway.

______your______,______you’llfindaway.

24.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youwon’tpasstheexam.

____________,______youwon’tpasstheexam.

25.Theboxissoheavythatwecan’tcarryit.

Theboxis__________________ustocarry.

26.TheproblemissoeasythatIcanworkitout.

Theproblemis__________________me______workout.

27.Ican’tpasstheexamifyoudon’thelpme.

Ican’tpasstheexam______your______.

28.Isawthathewasplayingcomputergames.

Isaw____________computergames.

29.Sheheardthattheboycriedallnight.

Sheheardtheboy______allnight.

30.Itseemedthathewouldcatchupwithothers.

Heseemed____________upwithothers.

将简单句改为复合句

1.Theproblemistoodifficultforustoworkout.

Theproblemis_____________thatwe_______workitout.

2.Hurryup,oryou’llbelatefortheparty.

_______you_______hurryup,you’llbelatefortheparty.

3.Thetreeistootallforustoreach.

Thetreeis_______tall_______wecan’treach_______.

4.Theteacheraskedustocomeearlier.

Theteacheraskedus__________________comeearlier.

5.Thedoctorputdownthetelephone,andhurriedtoJim’shome.

______thedoctorputdownthetelephone,hewenttoJim’shomeas______aspossible.

6.Don’tplaybasketballhere,oryoumaybreakthewindow.

____________playbasketballhere,youmaybreakthewindow.

7.Hecamelatebecauseofthebadtraffic.

Hecamelate______thetrafficwas______.

8.Hebuiltalabattheageofnine.

Hebuiltalab__________________nine.

9.Ican’tfinishtheworkintimewithoutyourhelp.

Ican’tfinishtheworkif__________________me.

10.Thewaterwastoodirtyforustodrink.

Thewaterwas______dirtythatwe______drink______.

11.Attheendofthemeetinghisbagwaslost.

Hecouldn’tfindhisbag______themeeting______over.

12.Theteachertoldustodotheexperiment.

Theteachertoldushow__________________theexperiment.

13.Couldyoutellmehowtogettothestation?

Couldyoutellme__________________gettothestation?

14.Shelikesporkalittle,butshelikesbeefbetter.

She______beef____________pork.

15.Mikeisthetalleststudentinhisschool.

____________intheschoolistallerthanMike.Keys：将复合句改为简单句

1.to、hear2.how、to3.to、build4.wearing（with）5.in、order、to（so、as、to）6.too、to7.mysmoking8.dancing9.importantforto10.itdangerous11.itnecessaryto12.deachof13.beforeliving15.becauseof16.aftersupper17.attheage18.becauseofheavy19.howtoanswer20.Whattodo21.tooyoungto22.hardenough23.Useheadand/then24.workhardor25.tooheavyfor26.easyenoughforto27.withouthelp28.himplaying29.cry30.tocatchKeys:将简单句改为复合句

1.sodifficultcan't2.Ifdon't3.sothatit4.ifwecould5.Afterhurrily6.Ifyou7.becausebad8.whenhewas9.youdon'thelp10.socouldit11.whenwas12.ifwecould13.howIcan14.likesbetterthan15.Noone同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型，其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整，第二句中设有几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面：

一、运用同义词(组)进行转换

用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：

1.Thatdaywecouldseeflowerseverywhere.

Thatdaywecouldseeflowers____and___.

2.Theteacheralwaystakesgoodcareofthechildrenintheschool.

Theteacheralways_________thechildrenwellintheschool.

3.Someofusaregoodattellingstories.

Someofus__________intellingstories.

二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换

即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词、词组的积累和换位思维的能力。如：

1.It’sclearthatthisvisitisdifferentfromlasttime.

It’sclearthatthisvisitisnotthe_______lasttime.

2.Ithinkwealthislessimportantthanhealth.

I__thinkwealthis___importantthanhealth.

3.Helentsomemoneytohisfriend.

Hisfriend______somemoney_____him.

三、运用不同语态进行转换

即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词，但此时要特别注意时态、情态动词一致性。如：

1.Everyoneshouldgivebackhislibrarybooksontime.

Librarybooksshould__________ontime.

2.Itiswidelyacceptedthatmorepeopleusecomputersintheworldtoday.

Computers_____widely______intheworldtoday.

四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换

即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如：

1.Themanagerlefttwohoursago.

Themanagerhas___________fortwohours.

2.Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.

Thefilmhasbeen___________fiveminutes.

3.MrLijoinedthePartytwentyyearsago.

MrLihas_______thePartyfortwentyyears.

五、运用不同引语进行转换

即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等的相应变化。如：

1.“I’vefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.

He_____methathe_____foundhiswallet.

2.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.

He____________Ihadseenherlastweek.

3.HeaskedmewhereIhadbeenthesedays.“Where_________thesedays?”heasked.

六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换

即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义