2023年考研考博考博英语西北大学考试高频考点参考题库答案

2023年考研考博考博英语西北大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Nowadaysmoneyisstillamajor（

）inmostoccupations.问题1选项A.incentiveB.meticulousC.formativeD.provision2.单选题Thelawyerbrowbeatthewitnessintoconfessinghehadseenthecrimecommitted.问题1选项A.talkedB.forcedC.caressedD.intimidated3.单选题Hethinksaboutnothingbutplaybilliard.He'scompletelyaddictedtoit.问题1选项A.ascribedtoB.hookeduptoC.indulgedinD.tendedto4.单选题Herpeerswereherworstcritics.问题1选项A.studentsB.equalsC.teachersD.subordinates5.单选题Aseriesofrifleshotsdisturbedthe（

）ofthecampgrounds.问题1选项A.solidarityB.tranquilityC.equanimityD.propinquity6.单选题LargeareasofAlaskanlandremaindesolateduetoharshclimate.问题1选项A.inaccessibleB.immatureC.parchedD.stark7.单选题Psychologiststhinkofattitudesasbeingpredispositiontowardobjectsoreventsthatdeterminethewaypeoplereacttodifferentstimuli.问题1选项A.priorinclinationsB.prescriptionsC.precautionsD.principalcommitments8.单选题Duringtheconstructionofskyscrapers,cranesareusedto（

）buildingmaterialstotheupperfloors.问题1选项A.tossB.towC.hoistD.hurl9.单选题Fromthismaterialwecan（

）hundredsofwhatyoumaycalldirectproducts.问题1选项A.deriveB.discernC.diminishD.displace10.单选题Bythetimethatdisputewasresolved,relationsbetweenserviceandmanagementhadbeenpoisoned.问题1选项A.disdainedB.retainedC.taintedD.stained11.单选题AsnineteenthcenturyAmericanculturalaspirationsexpanded,womensteppedintoanewroleasinterpretersofart,bothbywritingworksonarthistoryandbyteachingart.问题1选项A.ambitionsB.imaginationC.patronageD.opportunities12.单选题TheattackonFortSumternearCharlestonprovokedasharpresponsefromtheNorth,whichledtotheAmericanCivilWar.问题1选项A.demandedB.elicitedC.expeditedD.defied13.单选题Hewasmeticulousincheckinghisaccounts.问题1选项A.extremelyslowB.incrediblyquickC.excessivelycarefulD.unbelievablycare14.单选题Histalkwasgenerallywellreceived,butasforthestatisticshe（

）,Idon'tthinkallofthemwereup-to-date.问题1选项A.referredtoB.relatedtoC.adjustedtoD.appealedto15.单选题The（

）ofthesemanyeventsledmanypeopletobelievethattheywereinterrelated.问题1选项A.concurrenceB.agreementC.occurrenceD.circumstance16.翻译题ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.Myeldestdaughter,anInternetconsultant,isonly30,butshehasalreadylivedinfivedifferenthousesinfivedifferentplacesandhashadaboutsixdifferentjobs.EverytimeIvisither,Inoticehowmanynewthingsthereareinherhouse,andhowmanythingslieunused,outofdate.Whatisevenmorestrikingishowmanythingstherearewhicharenotexpectedtolast—disposablethings.Disposableplatesandglasses,disposabletowelsandbabies,nappies(尿布).Itsometimesseemsthatweliveinanageofthedisposable.

（1）Thisphenomenonofconstantchangerunsthrougheverythinginlifenowadays,fromfashiontomusic,frommedicinetomotorcars,fromeducationtoemployment.Twoimportantfactorsseemtobedrivingthesechanges.Thefirstistherapidgrowthinknowledgeandtheconsequentrapiddevelopmentoftechnology.Thesecondistherevolutionincommunications,whichmeansthatknowledgeisspreadfasterandmorewidelythanever.Ourtimesareoftencalled“theinformationage”andtheeffectistobringabout“theknowledgeeconomy”.Newtechnologiesandnewknowledgebringabouttheneedfornewskills.（2）

Thespeedwithwhichthesetechnologiesarebeingcreatedissuchthatallofusarefacedwiththechallengeoflearningnewskills,notjustonce,butseveraltimes.Whatweknewyesterdayisoftenobsoletetoday.Iremembermydaughtersayingtothatshewasat“thecuttingedge”ofherparticularfield.Butwithinfiveyears,shesaid,shewouldhavetodosomethingnewanddifferenttokeepup.Thereisagreatneedforflexibilityandproblem-solvingthanbefore.Tasksrequireagreaterintegrationofskills.

（3）Therewardsoflifegotothemulti-skilled,toflexibleteamsofworkerseachcapableofcontributinginarangeofways.

（4）Tosucceedinthisnewworldofwork,individualswillhavetoregardtheircareersnotjustasaprocessofgatheringexperience,butasaprocessoflearningnewthingsonanalmostcontinuousbasis.Allthissuggeststomethattherelationshipbetweeneducationandemploymenthaschangedradicallyoverthelastfewyears.

（5）OnecouldsummarizethechangebysayingthatwhenIlearnedthingsinordertoachievelife-longemploymentwhilemychildrenneedtopursuelife-longlearninginordertostayemployed.17.单选题Thereisnoreasontoinsultand（

）themansimplybecauseyoudonotagreewithhim.问题1选项A.depictB.enervateC.distortD.defame18.单选题Well,you'reatallmanandyoucancarryagooddealofweightwithoutlookingawkward.问题1选项A.inconvenientB.funnyC.untidyD.clumsy19.单选题Hisfatherreadthenewspaperatthekitchentable,allthewhiledelivering（

）onthepoliticsofthedayforthebenefitofanyonewithinearshot.问题1选项A.complementsB.remarksC.speechD.animadversions20.翻译题疲劳是人们向医生、朋友和亲人最常抱怨的问题之一。或许你认为在这个拥有各种节省体力的装置和方便的交通设施的时代。很少有人会有理由感到如此疲劳。然而，今天与用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲劳的人也许更多了。据医生们说，疲倦更可能是由于过少的活动所致，而不是过多的活动所引起的。情绪问题和烦恼，特别是忧郁和焦虑，显然是长期疲劳最常见的原因。第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】A【解析】Incentive动机，刺激，激励；meticulous一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的；formative形成的，造型的，格式化的；provision规定，条款，供应物。句意：如今，在大多数职业中，金钱仍然是主要的激励因素。选项A符合句意。2.【答案】D【解析】句意：律师恫吓证人承认他目睹了犯罪。browbeat意为恫吓，吓唬。只有选项D与之意思相近。3.【答案】C【解析】句意：他只想着打台球，完全沉迷其中。addictedto意为“沉迷于……”。ascribedto归因于；hookedupto连接到；indulgedin沉溺于；tendedto倾向于。选项C与之意思最为相近。4.【答案】B【解析】peer意为同等的人，同龄人。equal同辈，相等的事物；subordinate下属，从属。选项B与之意思相近。5.【答案】B【解析】solidarity团结；tranquility宁静，平静；equanimity镇定；propinquity接近，邻近。句意：一连串的步枪射击打破了营地的宁静。选项B符合语境。6.【答案】D【解析】句意：由于气候恶劣，阿拉斯加的大片土地仍然荒凉。desolate意为“荒凉的，无人烟的”。inaccessible难达到的，难接近的；immature不成熟的；parched炎热的，干透的；stark荒凉的，光秃秃的。选项D与之意思相近。7.【答案】A【解析】心理学家认为态度是对事物或事件的一种倾向，它决定了人们对不同刺激的反应方式。predisposition意为“倾向”。priorinclinations倾向，爱好；prescriptions医药处方；precautions预防措施，预警；principalcommitments主要承诺。选项A与之意思相近。8.【答案】C【解析】toss投掷，颠簸，摇匀；tow拖，拽，牵引；hoist吊起，升起；hurl丢下，用力投掷。句意：在摩天大楼的建造过程中，起重机被用来把建筑材料吊到较高的楼层。选项C符合句意。9.【答案】B【解析】derive源自，获得；discern辨别，识别；diminish减少，缩小；displace取代，置换。句意：从这种材料中，我们可以辨别出数百种你所说的直接产品。选项B符合句意。10.【答案】C【解析】句意：在争端得到解决时，服务和管理之间的关系已经被破坏。poisoned意为破坏，摧毁。disdained鄙弃；retained保留，保存；tainted污染的，感染的；stained玷污的，着色的。选项C最符合原句语境，所以正确。11.【答案】A【解析】句意：随着19世纪美国文化抱负的扩大，女性通过撰写艺术史作品和教授艺术，开始扮演艺术印象派的新角色。aspirations意为“愿望，志向，抱负”。ambitions抱负，雄心，野心；imagination想象（力），空想；patronage赞助，光顾；opportunities机会。选项A与之意思相近。12.【答案】D【解析】句意：查尔斯顿附近的萨姆特堡遭袭激起了北方的强烈反应，导致了美国内战。provoked意为“激起，挑衅”。demanded强烈要求，需要；elicited抽出，引出；expedited加快，促进，发出；defied藐视，反抗，挑衅。选项D与之意思相近。13.【答案】C【解析】meticulous意为一丝不苟的，小心翼翼的。选项C与之意思相近。14.【答案】A【解析】referto谈到，提及；relateto涉及，有关；adjustto调节，调整以适应；appealto呼吁，上诉。句意：他的演讲受到了普遍的欢迎，但关于他提及的统计数字，我不认为所有的数据都是最新的。选项A符合句意。15.【答案】A【解析】concurrence同时发生，赞同，合作；agreement协议，同意，一致；occurrence发生，出现；circumstance环境，情况，境遇。句意：许多这些事件同时发生使很多人相信它们之间是相互关联的。选项A符合句意。16.【答案】1.这种不断变化的现象如今贯穿着生活中的一切，从时装到音乐，从医药到“摩托车”，从教育到就业。2.创造技术的速度是这样的，我们大家都面临着不只是一次，而是多次地学习新技能的挑战。3.生活的奖赏趋向多种技能，以及每个职工在一个灵活的团队能够在多方面做出贡献。4.为了在这种新的工作世界中成功，个人将不得不考虑自己的事业不仅是一种收集经验的过程，也是一个连续不断地学习新事物的过程。5.人们可以总结说，我学东西是为了获得终生的就业机会，而我的孩子则需要终生学习，以维持就业。17.【答案】D【解析】depict描述，描画；enervate使衰弱，使失去活力；distort扭曲，变形；defame诽谤，中伤。句意：如果仅仅是因为你不同意他的观点，那么你没有理由侮辱和诋毁他。选项D符合句意。18.【答案】D【解析】根据句意可知，awkward意为笨拙的。inconvenient不便的；funny有趣的；untidy凌乱的，懒散的；clumsy笨拙的。选项D与之意思相近。19.【答案】D【解析】complement补语，补足物；remark言辞；speech演讲，讲话；animadversion批评，评语。句意：他的父亲坐在餐桌旁看报纸，一直批判当今政治只对极少数人有利。选项D更符合语境。20.【答案】Fatigueisoneofthemostcommonproblemscomplainedbypeopletodoctors,friendsandfolks.Perhapsyouthinkthatfewwouldhavereasonstofeeltiredintheeraoffullofallkindsofstrength-savingdeviceandconvenienttransportfacilities.However,maybemorepeoplecomplainaboutthefatiguenowadaysthantheolddayswhenbalinghaybyhandandwashingclotheswithawashboard.Asthedoctorsaid,fatigueismorelikelytoresultfromtoolittleactivity,andnottobecausedbytoomanyactivities.Emotionalproblemsandtrouble,especiallydepressionandanxiety,areclearlythemostcommoncauseofchronicfatigue.

第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Americansfeelthatusingsomeone'swordsinaresearchpaperwithoutreferencingthemistantamounttostealing.问题1选项A.necessaryB.unbelievableC.acceptableD.equivalent2.单选题Ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatthesizeoftheuniverse（

）ourimagination.问题1选项A.transformsB.transfersC.transpiresD.transcends3.翻译题大学之所以有理由存在，是因为它使老少两代人在富于想象力的学习中，保持了知识与生活热情之间的联系。大学提供信息，但它是富于想象地提供信息。至少，这是它应该为社会发挥的作用。一所大学如果做不到这一点，就没有理由存在。富于想象的思维可以营造出一种令人兴奋的氛围，而这种氛围又可以转化知识。事实不再只是纯粹的事实，它被赋予了种种可能性。它不再是记忆的负担，而是充满活力，犹如能描绘我们梦境的诗人，能实现我们意图的建筑师。4.单选题TheFordFoundationisoneoftheworld'swealthiestphilanthropicorganizations.问题1选项A.profligateB.governmentalC.humanitarianD.multinational5.单选题Thepresident'senemiesarespreadingillrumorsto（

）hisauthority.问题1选项A.assertB.forgeC.undermineD.remain6.单选题Patentmedicinesalesmenhaveclaimedtohave（

）foralltypesofailments,fromcancertobaldnesstothecommoncold.问题1选项A.riddlesB.quandariesC.remediesD.remnant7.单选题Thecouplehadbeentryingtosatisfyalltheneedsoftheironlykid,whohadbeen（

）formorepocketmoneyallthetime.问题1选项A.impressingB.importuningC.informingD.improvising8.单选题Culturelikenonverbalbehaviortendstoelusive,andhasapotentinfluenceininterculturalcommunication.问题1选项A.hiddenB.visibleC.difficulttounderstandD.tangible9.单选题Nowadaysveryfewpeoplearewillingtobenurses,soIthinkit'sextremelyimportantforustoimprovethe（

）ofthenursingprofession.问题1选项A.inquiryB.statusC.financeD.dilemma10.单选题Itwasreportedthattheproject（

）bytheendofthismonth.问题1选项A.willbecompletedB.wouldhavebeencompletedC.wouldhavecompletedD.willhavebeencompleted11.单选题InruralAmerica,theyearwasarrangedaroundthegrowingseason.Now,only3percentoffamiliesfollowtheagriculturalmodel,butnearlyallschoolsarescheduledasisourchildrenwenthomeearlytomilkthecowsandtookmonthsoffToworkthecrops.问题1选项A.在美国农村,时间是根据生长季节来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业,但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家只是去挤牛奶或是几个月不上学去地里种庄稼。B.在美国农村,一年是根据农时来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业,但几乎所有的学校的时间安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家是去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。C.在美国农村，上学时间是根据农时来决定的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业,但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是让孩子们早早回家去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。12.单选题1.Scientistshavedevelopedaslimmingdrugthatsuccessfullysuppressesappetiteandresultsinadramaticlossofweightwithoutanyapparentilleffects.2.InruralAmerica,theyearwasarrangedaroundthegrowingseason.Now,only3percentoffamiliesfollowtheagriculturalmodel,butnearlyallschoolsarescheduledasisourchildrenwenthomeearlytomilkthecowsandtookmonthsofftoworkthecrops.3.Humorhasbeenwelldefinedas:“Thinkinginfunwhilefeelinginearnest”.4.法律真正的意义，是要把一个自由而有理性的人导向正当的意义上去，而不是对此加以限制的。5.然而，研究人员在报告中提醒说，相对于患更严重的疾病的危险来说，这些益处简直微不足道。问题1选项A.科学家们已经研制出了一种减肥药，它能有效地抑制食欲，导致体重显著下降而无任何明显的不良反应。B.科学家们已经开发出了一种减肥药，它能成功地控制食欲，使体重显著下降，同时有明显的不良反应。C.科学家们已经研制出了一种减食疗法的药，它能有效地抑制食欲，导致体重显著下降而无任何明显的不良反应。问题2选项A.在美国农村，时间是根据生长季节来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家只是去挤牛奶或是几个月不上学去地里种庄稼。B.在美国农村，一年是根据农时来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的时间安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。C.在美国农村，上学时间是根据农时来决定的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是让孩子们早早回家去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。问题3选项A.幽默被人很好地解释为：“带着认真的情绪滑稽地思考”。B.幽默被人很恰当地解释为：“认真地感觉,不认真地思考”。C.幽默被人很巧妙地诠释为：“一面认真地感觉一面滑稽地思考”。问题4选项A.TherealmeaningoflawisnotthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterestB.ThetruenotionoflawisnotsomuchlimitedtothedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterestC.Law,initstruemotion,isnotsomuchthelimitationasthedirectionofafreeandintelligentmantohisproperinterest问题5选项A.Researchersinthestudy,however,cautionedthatsuchbenefitsdon'toutweightheriskofmoreseriousailmentsB.However,researchersremindedinthereportthatsuchbenefitsarenothingcomparedwiththeriskofmoreseriousailmentsC.However,researcherscautionedintheirreportthatsuchbenefitsdon'tindolencealotcomparingtotheriskofmoreseriousailments13.单选题Inearly19thcenturyAmerica,careforthementallyillwasalmostnon-existent:theafflictedwereusuallyrelegatedtoprisons,almshouses,orinadequatesupervisionbyfamilies.Treatment,ifprovided,paralleledothermedicaltreatmentsofthetime,includingbloodlettingandpurgatives.However,inawaveofconcernfortheoppressed,sometookaction.Amongthese,DorotheaDixwastheleadingcrusaderfortheestablishmentofstate-supportedmentalasylums.Throughherefforts,thefirststatehospitalsfortheinsanewerebuiltinNewJerseyandPennsylvania.Sheandotherreformerssoughthumane,individualizedcare,withtherichandthepoorhousedtogethertoinsurehighstandardsforall.Themovementwasgeneratedbysocialreform,butthroughoutthecentury,mentalillnesswasprobedandanalyzed,and“cures”prescribedbyboththescientificandlaycommunities.“Moraltreatment”wasthepredominatingphilosophytocuretheinsane.Thissystemwasdevelopedinlate18thcenturyEurope,andbyBenjaminRushintheUnitedStates.Itchallengedthedemonicexplanationsforinsanityandemphasizedtheroleofenvironmentindeterminingcharacter:improperexternalconditionscouldinducederangement.The“moraltreatment”systemwasoptimisticthatanappropriateenvironmentcouldfacilitatecure,especiallyforthosewithacute(notchronic)afflictions.Essentialtothistheorywasaphysiologicalbasis/formentaldisorder:insanitywascausedbybraindamage.Thebrain'ssurfacewassoftandmalleableandphysicallyalteredbyoutwardinfluence.Thisideawascloselyrelatedtophrenology,whichassignedspecificfacultiestosectionsofthebrain.Thenotionthatmentalillnessresultedfromphysicalimpairmentwasrarelychallenged,butthenatureandtreatmentofailmentswerecontinuallydebated.Tofindphysicalevidenceformentaldeficiencies,autopsiesperformedonmentalpatientstodiscoverlesionsorotherabnormalities.Althoughprogresswasmadeinthediagnosisofsomaticdiseasesliketumorssyphiliticderangement,theseeffortswerefrustratingandsubjective.Alsocontroversialwasthefateofthechronicallyversusacutelyill:thedifferencesbetweenthem,whethertheyshouldbehousedtogether,andwhetherthechronicallyillshouldbetreatedatall.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Accordingtoparagraph1,themovementtoestablishstate-supportedmentalasylumswasmotivatedbyconcernfor（

）.3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthemethodsusedin“moraltreatment”were（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,phrenologywas（

）.

5.Autopsieswereperformedonmentalpatients（

）.问题1选项A.CareofthementallyillB.Theinfluenceof“moraltreatment”C.TheinfluenceofDorotheaDixandBenjaminRushD.Socialandmedicalreform问题2选项A.inadequatecarebyfamiliesB.socialreformC.theeffectsofmedicaltreatmentD.thosewhowerenotmentallyill问题3选项A.controversialB.acceptedC.provenD.dangerous问题4选项A.neververypopularB.atheoryaboutdeterminingaperson'scharacterC.acauseofmentalillnessD.atheoryaboutaperson'sbrain问题5选项A.tofindevidenceformoraltreatmenttheoryB.fordiagnosisofmentalillnessC.aspartoftreatmentD.onacuteratherthanchronicpatients14.单选题Isuggestedheshould（

）himselftohisnewconditions.问题1选项A.adaptB.adoptC.regulateD.suit15.单选题Sharkshavegainedanunfairreputationforbeingfiercepredatorsoflargeseaanimals.Humanity'sunfoundedfearandhatredoftheseancientcreaturesisleadingtoaworldwideslaughterthatmayresultintheextinctionofmanycoastalsharkspecies.Thesharkisthevictimofawarpedattitudeofwildlifeprotection;westriveonlytoprotectthebeautiful,non-threateningpartsofourenvironment.And,inoureffortstorestoreonlynon-threateningpartsofourearth,weignoreotherimportantparts.Aperfectillustrationofthisattitudeisthecontrastingattitudetowardanotherlargeseaanimal,thedolphin.Duringthe1980s,environmentalistsintheUnitedStatesprotestedtheuseofdriftnetsoftunafishinginthePacificOceansincethesenetsalsocaughtdolphins.Theenvironmentalistsgeneratedenoughpoliticalandeconomicpressuretopreventtunacompaniesfrombuyingtunathathadbeencaughtindriftnets.Incontrasttothiseffortonbehalfofthedolphins,thesesameenvironmentalistshavedoneverylittletohelpsavethePacificOceansharkswhosepopulationhasdecreasednearlytothepointofextinction.Sharksareamongtheoldestcreaturesonearth,havingsurvivedintheseasformorethan350millionyears.Theyareextremelyefficientanimals,feedingonwoundedordyinganimals,thusthatspeciessuchastheGreatWhiteSharkhavemanagetoliveintheoceansforsomanymillionsofyearsisenoughproofoftheirefficiencyandadaptabilitychangingenvironments.Itistimeforushuman,whomaynotsurviveanother1,000yearsattheratewearedamagingtheplanet,tocastawayourfearsandbeginconsideringtheprotectionofsharksasanimportantpartofaprogramforprotectionofallournaturalenvironment.1.Withwhichofthefollowingtopicsisthispassageprimarilyconcerned?2.Howdidenvironmentalistsmanagetoprotectdolphins?3.Abouthowlongsharkslivedontheplanet?4.Whatistheauthor'stoneinthispassage?5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthispassage?问题1选项A.Sharksareefficientcreatureswithbadreputations.B.Sharksaresomeoftheoldestcreaturesonearth.C.Sharksillustrateaprobleminwildlifeprotection.D.Thecampaigntosavedolphinswasnotextendedtosavesharks.问题2选项A.Theypreventedfishermenfromsellingthemformeat.B.Theypressuredfishermenintoprotectingdolphinsbylaw.C.Theybroughtpoliticalpressureagainsttunacompanies.D.Theycreatedsanctuarieswheredolphinfishingwasnotallowed.问题3选项A.25millionyearsB.150millionyearsC.350millionyearsD.500millionyears问题4选项A.explanatoryB.accusatoryC.gentleD.proud问题5选项A.orderofimportanceB.causeandeffectC.statementandexampleD.chronologicalorder16.单选题Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes,itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.Shemovedwiththesameeaseandloveliness.IoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.Idon'tknowthewordfor"ribbons",soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead,Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid"Beautiful."Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn'tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon'tspeakLaotianverywell).Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsonthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreeatthepriceset;thatwayIwasabletopayherthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft,too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinmarketplace,Ilefttearsinmythroat.Iwantedtocry.Ididn't,ofcourse.Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.Iremovethepaper,andraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstofloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecandlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry,andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn'tcry.1.Accordingtothewriter,thewomaninthemarketplace（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowinginNOTcorrect?3.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausewoman（

）.4.Whydidthewriterfinallydecidetobuythreeskirts?5.Whenthewriterleftthemarketplace,shewantedtocry,butdid

notbecause（

）.问题1选项A.refusedtospeaktoher.B.waspleasantandattractive.C.wassellingskirtsandribbons.D.recognizedherimmediately.问题2选项A.Thewriterwasnotusedtobargaining.B.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.C.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.D.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.问题3选项A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonable.B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoney.C.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargaining.D.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore.问题4选项A.Theskirtswerecheapandpretty.B.Shelikedthepatternsontheskirts.C.Shewantedtodosomethingascompensation.D.Shewasfedupwithfurtherbargainingwiththewoman.问题5选项A.shehadlearnedtostaycoolandunfeeling.B.shewasafraidofcryinginpublic.C.shehadlearnedtofacedifficultiesbravely.D.shehadtoshowinpublicthatshewasstrong.17.单选题Thefirstsettlersfoundsomuchworktodothattheyhadlittletimefornostalgia.问题1选项A.leisureB.nosebleedC.homesicknessD.hobbies18.单选题Idon'tthinkitisimpartialfortheprofessortoflunkmyChemistrytest.问题1选项A.unbiasedB.compatibleC.exonerativeD.effusive19.单选题

Hervoice（

）assheadmittedwhatshehaddone.问题1选项A.hesitatedB.injectedC.floatedD.slid20.单选题

Theautomobile'sexhaustsystem（

）foul-smellingfumes.问题1选项A.AttractedB.condensedC.absorbedD.emitted第2卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】D【解析】句意：美国人认为，在研究论文中使用某人的话而不提及他们，就相当于是抄袭。tantamount意为“等于，相当于”。equivalent相等的，同意义的。选项D与之意思相近。2.【答案】D【解析】transform改变，转化；transfer转移，移交；transpire蒸发，泄露；transcend胜过，超越。句意：人们普遍认为宇宙的大小超出了我们的想象。选项D符合句意。3.【答案】Thejustificationforauniversityisthatitpreservestheconnectionbetweenknowledgeandthezestoflife,byunitingtheyoungandtheoldintheimaginativeconsiderationoflearning.Theuniversityimpartsinformation,butitimpartsitimaginatively.Atleast,thisisthefunctionwhichitshouldperformforsociety.Auniversitywhichfailsinthisrespecthasnoreasonforexistence.Thisatmosphereofexcitement,arisingfromimaginativeconsideration,transformsknowledge.Afactisnolongerabarefact:itisinvestedwithallitspossibilities.Itisnolongeraburdenonthememory:itisenergizingasthepoetofourdreams,andasthearchitectofourpurposes.4.【答案】C【解析】福特基金会是世界上最富有的慈善组织之一。philanthropic意为“博爱的，仁慈的”。profligate放荡的；governmental政府的，政治的；humanitarian人道主义的，博爱的；multinational多国的。选项C与之意思相近。5.【答案】C【解析】assert维护，主张，声称；forge伪造，锻造；undermine破坏，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：总统的敌人正在散布谣言去破坏他的权威。选项C符合句意。6.【答案】C【解析】riddle谜语，谜一般的人、东西、事情等；quandary困惑，窘境，为难；remedy补救，治疗；remnant剩余。句意：专利药品的销售人员声称他们有治疗各种疾病的方法，从癌症到秃顶再到普通感冒。选项C符合句意。7.【答案】B【解析】impress给人印象；importune强求，一再向某人要求；inform告诉，通知；improvise即兴创作。句意：这对夫妇一直试图满足他们唯一的孩子的所有需要，而孩子一直在不断地要求更多的零花钱。选项B符合语境。8.【答案】C【解析】句意：像非语言行为这样的文化往往是晦涩难懂的，并且在跨文化交际中有着强大的影响。elusive意为“难懂的”。hidden隐藏的；visible看得见的，现有的；difficulttounderstand难以理解；tangible有形的，可触摸的。选项C最符合原句所表达的意思。9.【答案】B【解析】inquiry探究，调查，质询;status地位，状态，情形，重要身份；finance财政，金融；dilemma困境，进退两难。句意：现在很少有人愿意做护士，所以我认为提高护理专业的身份地位对我们来说是非常重要的。选项B更符合语境。10.【答案】B【解析】句意：据报道，该项目将于本月底完成。根据was和by+时间可知，这里应该用would+过去完成时，首先排除选项A和D；项目是被完成，所以选项B正确。11.【答案】C【解析】根据句意可知“growingseason”不是直译为生长季节，而是指“农时”，所以首先排除选项A；这里的theyear指的是“上学时间”，所以选项C最为恰当。12.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.首先，“slimmingdrug”应翻译为减肥药，没有提及减食疗法，所以首先排除选项C；根据“withoutanyapparentilleffects.”可知，应该是没有明显的不良反应，所以选项B错误。选项A翻译最为准确。2.根据句意可知“growingseason”不是直译为生长季节，而是指“农时”，所以首先排除选项A；这里的theyear指的是“上学时间”，所以选项C最为恰当。3.本题的关键在于对引语的翻译，相比较之下，选项A翻译最为准确。4.本句强调的是“意义”，而不是“法律”，所以首先排除选项C；“真正的”这里用true比较好，real常用来指比较抽