2023年考研考博考博英语西南政法大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案

2023年考研考博考博英语西南政法大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Ifyougetintoabathfullofwater,someofthewaterwill（

）ontothefloor.问题1选项A.overlapB.overflowC.flourishD.flutter2.单选题Hetriedtowaveasidetheseissuesas（

）detailsthatwouldbesettledlaterafterhefinisheddealingwiththeimportantones.问题1选项A.versatileB.trivialC.preliminaryD.alternate3.单选题Theactress（

）thetermsofhercontractandwassuedbytheproducer.问题1选项A.isolatedB.signedC.implementedD.violated4.单选题“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion.amuses'shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples—notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)-hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters.WhilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant"Muses'shrine".Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold—enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,midlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation;andsocouldbeconsideredMuses’shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly“inspirational”collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary••modem”workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtooloff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-1nselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKtmsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.2.Theideathatmuseumcouldmeanamountainoranobjectoriginatesfrom（

）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat（

）.

4.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere（

）.

5.Modernmuseumscomeintoexistenceinorderto（

）.

6.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcenturyB.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyearsC.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomansD.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections问题2选项A.theRomansB.FlorenceC.OlympiaD.Greek问题3选项A.therewasagreatdemandforfakersB.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumberC.fakersbecamemoreskillfulD.fakersbecamemorepolite问题4选项A.collectedfromelsewhereB.madepartofthebuildingsC.donatedbypeopleD.boughtbychurches问题5选项A.protectroyalandchurchtreasuresB.improveexistingcollectionsC.stimulatepublicinterestD.raisemorefunds问题6选项A.CollectionandcollectorsB.TheevolutionofmuseumsC.ModemmuseumsandtheirfunctionsD.Thebirthofmuseums5.单选题It’snoteasytofindasolutiontothecountry’slabor（

）.问题1选项A.declineB.vacancyC.rarityD.shortage6.单选题The（

）windinthisareaisfromthenortheast.问题1选项A.prevailingB.controllingC.reigningD.persisting7.单选题Ifyourevealyourfriend’ssecrets,youwill（

）him.问题1选项A.lureB.disturbC.alienateD.control8.单选题Theywereaccusedof（

）tooverthrowthegovernmentandweresentencedtojail.问题1选项A.intrigueB.conspiracyC.plotD.sin9.单选题I’msurethatIcansoon（

）himintoacceptingourplan.问题1选项A.sayB.speakC.talkD.tell10.单选题Youshoulddimyourlightsinordernottodazzlethe（

）traffic.问题1选项A.meetingB.facingC.advancingD.oncoming11.单选题Thecitysigneda/an（

）contractwithItalyinordertomakefulluseoftheirnaturalresourcesandcapital.问题1选项A.unusualB.influentialC.residentialD.reciprocal12.单选题Thesystemofexploitationofmoonbymanhasbeen（

）.问题1选项A.canceledB.abolishedC.refusedD.rejected13.翻译题继续推进农村税费改革，减轻农民负担，保护农民利益。1996年，世界上海拔最高的现代化的、多功能的大型图书馆西藏自治区图书馆建成开馆。中国不寻求霸权或支配世界事务，而是倡导建立国际政治经济新秩序。不坚决惩治腐败，党同人民群众的血肉联系就会受到严重损害，党的执政地位就有丧失的危险，党就有可能走向自我毁灭。维护祖国统一事关中华民族的根本利益。中国人民将义无反顾地捍卫国家主权和领土完整，绝不允许任何人以任何方式把台湾从中国分裂出去。14.单选题Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotaketestforalcoholicdrinking.问题1选项A.violationB.accidentC.congestionD.devastation15.单选题I'mafraidI（

）forgotherbirthday.问题1选项A.pureB.rightC.sheerD.clean16.单选题Shelookedsoyoungand（

）thathefeltthatheshouldtrytoprotecther.问题1选项A.susceptibleB.fragileC.vitalD.vulnerable17.单选题Awindowinthekitchenwas（

）,therewasrubbisheverywhere,andthecurtainsandcarpetshadbeenstolen.问题1选项A.scatteredB.scrapedC.scratchedD.smashed18.单选题TV,radioandnewspaperareimportant（

）foradvertising.问题1选项A.featuresB.broadcastingC.publicationsD.media19.单选题Bysigningtheleasewemadea（

）topayarentof$200aweek.问题1选项A.conceptionB.commissionC.commitmentD.confinement20.单选题Theplaneisaformoftransportationwhose（

）wetakeforgranted.问题1选项A.convenienceB.constructionC.satisfactionD.insurance第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。A选项overlap“与…重叠”；B选项overflow“溢出，泛滥”；C选项flourish“繁荣，茂盛，茁壮成长”；D选项flutter“飘动，飞来飞去”。句意：如果你进入一个充满水的浴缸，水将会溢出到地板上。选项B符合句意。2.【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项versatile“通用的，多才多艺的”；B选项trivial“琐碎的”；C选项preliminary“初步的”；D选项alternate“交替的，轮流的”。句意：他试图把这些问题当作鸡毛蒜皮的小事置之不理，等他处理完重要的问题后再解决。选项B符合句意。3.【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。A选项isolated“使孤立，使分离”；B选项signed“署名，写下”；C选项implemented“实施，执行”；D选项violated“违反”。句意：这位女演员违反了合同条款，被制片人告上了法庭。选项D更符合语境。4.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:B【解析】1.判断推理题。slippery意为狡猾的，不稳定的。再根据下文的内容可以推测，这里是指它的意思多年来已经改变了。所以选项B正确。2.细节事实题。根据第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希腊语中)献给缪斯女神的任何东西：一座小山、一座神殿、一座花园、一个节日，甚至是一本教科书。”由此可知选项D正确。3.语义题。根据原文句意：随着它们的增加和扩大，作为补充，造假者的技艺变得越来越精湛。选项C符合原文。4.细节事实题。根据第四段第一句“theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它们不是被“收藏”，而是“特定场地的”，被认为是建筑不可或缺的一部分。选项B符合原文。5.判断推理题。根据最后一段中“thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries...”对皇室和教堂遗迹的愤怒促使古物学家把它们（文物）藏在避难所的陈列室里。由此可知，是为了保护皇家和教堂的财富，选项A符合原文。6.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是“museum”一词的变化过程，所以选项B最能概括全文。5.【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。A选项decline“下降，衰退”；B选项vacancy“空缺”；C选项rarity“罕见，珍贵”；D选项shortage“短缺”。句意：要找到解决国家劳动力短缺的办法并不容易。选项D符合句意。6.【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项prevailing“盛行的，流行的”；B选项controlling“控制欲强的”；C选项reigning“统治的”；D选项persisting“坚持”。句意：这个地区盛行的风是东北风。选项A符合句意。7.【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。A选项lure“诱惑”；B选项disturb“打扰，妨碍”；C选项alienate“使疏远”；D选项control“控制”。句意：如果你揭露朋友的秘密，你将会和他疏远。选项C符合句意。8.【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。A选项intrigue“阴谋，私通”；B选项conspiracy“阴谋，共谋”；C选项plot“情节”；D选项sin“罪恶”。句意：他们被指控共谋推翻政府，并被判入狱。conspiracy侧重于政治方面的阴谋，所以选项B更符合语境。9.【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。talksbinto...表示“说服某人做某事”。句意：我确信我很快就能说服他接受我们的计划。选项C符合句意。10.【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项meeting“会面，会合”；B选项facing“面朝的，对面的”；C选项advancing“前进的，年长的”；D选项oncoming“接近的，迎面而来的”。句意：为了不使迎面而来的车辆眼花缭乱，你应该把灯调暗。选项D符合语境。11.【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项unusual“不寻常的”；B选项influential“有影响的，有势力的”；C选项residential“住宅的”；D选项reciprocal“互惠的”。句意：为了充分利用其自然资源和资本，该市与意大利签订了互惠合约。选项D符合句意。12.【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。A选项cancel“取消”；B选项abolish“废除，废止”；C选项refuse“拒绝”；D选项reject“拒绝，排斥”。句意：人类开发月球的系统已经被废除。选项B符合句意。13.【答案】Continuetopushforwardthereformofruraltaxesandfees,toalleviatefarmers’burdensandprotecttheinterestsofthefarmers.In1996,alargemodemandmulti-functionallibraryofthehighestelevationintheworld,namelytheTibetAutonomousRegionLibrary,wasbuiltandopened.Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyordominanceoverworldaffairs,butadvocatestoestablishanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.Withoutresolutelypunishingcorruption,theflesh-bloodrelationshipbetweenourPartyandthepeoplewillbeseverelydamaged,therulingstatusofourPartyruntheriskoflossandourPartyislikelytoheadtowardself-destruction.TosafeguardnationalunitybearsonthefundamentalinterestoftheChinesenation.WeChinesepeoplewillsafeguardourstatesovereigntyandterritorialintegritywithfirmresolve.WewillneverallowanyonetoseparateTaiwanfromChinainanyway.14.【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。A选项violation“违反，妨碍”；B选项accident“事故，意外”；C选项congestion“拥挤”；D选项devastation“毁坏”。句意：任何因轻微交通违规而被警察拦下的司机都可能被要求参加酒精测试。选项A符合语境。15.【答案】C【解析】副词辨析题。A选项pure“纯粹的”；B选项right“正确的”；C选项sheer“完全，彻底”；D选项clean“干净的”。句意：我恐怕完全忘记她的生日了。选项C符合句意。16.【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项susceptible“易受影响的”；B选项fragile“易碎的”；C选项vital“至关重要的”；D选项vulnerable“易受攻击的，易受伤害的”。句意：她看上去那么年轻，那么脆弱，他觉得他应该试着保护她。这里的脆弱指的是易受伤害，所以选项D更符合语境。17.【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。A选项scatter“撒播，散布”；B选项scrap“废弃，拆毁”；C选项scratch“抓，刮”；D选项smashed“打碎，粉碎”。句意：厨房的一扇窗户被打碎了，到处是垃圾，窗帘和地毯被偷了。选项D符合句意。18.【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。A选项feature“特色，特征”；B选项broadcast“广播”；C选项publication“出版，发表”；D选项media“媒介”。句意：电视、广播和报纸是广告的重要媒介。选项D符合句意。19.【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。A选项conception“概念，设想”；B选项commission“委员会；佣金”；C选项commitment“承诺，保证”；D选项confinement“限制，监禁”。句意：通过签订租约，我们承诺每周支付200美元的租金。选项C符合句意。20.【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。A选项convenience“便利”；B选项construction“建设”；C选项satisfaction“满足”；D选项insurance“保险”。句意：飞机是一种我们认为理所当然便利的交通工具。选项A符合句意。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Hewasextremely（

）bytheillnessofhisdaughter.问题1选项A.agitatedB.exploitedC.influencedD.dominated2.单选题AlthoughItriedtoconcentrateonthelecture,Iwas（

）bythenoisefromthenextroom.问题1选项A.dissuadedB.avertedC.repressedD.distracted3.单选题Farmersinthedevelopingworldhatepricefluctuations.Itmakesithardtoplanahead.Butmostofthemhavelittlechoice:theysellatthepricethemarketsets.FarmersinEurope,theUSandJapanareluckier:theyreceivemassivegovernmentsubsidiesintheformofguaranteedpricesordirecthandouts.LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.Bushsaidthestepwasnecessaryto“promotefarmerindependenceandpreservethefarmwayoflifeforgenerations”.ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember’smid-termelections.Agriculturalproductioninmostpoorcountriesaccountsforupto50%ofGDP,comparedtoonly3%inrichcountries.Butmostfarmersinpoorcountriesgrowjustenoughforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.ThosewhotryexportingtotheWestfindtheirgoodswhackedwithhugetariffsorcompetingagainstcheapersubsidizedgoods.In1999theUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentconcludedthanforeachdollardevelopingcountriesreceiveinaidtheyloseupto$14justbecauseoftradebarriersimposedontheexportoftheirmanufacturedgoods.It’snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavors,saysGeraldSsendwula,Uganda'sMinisterofFinance.“Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete.”AgricultureisoneofthefewareasinwhichtheThirdWorldcancompete.Landandlaborarecheap,andasfanningmethodsdevelop,newtechnologiesshouldimproveoutput.Thisisnopie-in-the-skyspeculation.ThebiggestsuccessinKenva’seconomyoverthepastdecadehasbeentheboominexportsofcutflowersandvegetablestoEurope.Butthatmayallchangein2008,whenKenyawillbeslightlytoorichtoqualifyforthe“least-developedcountry”statusthatallowsAfricanproducerstoavoidpayingstiffEuropeanimportdutiesonselectedagriculturalproducts.Withtradebarriersinplace,thehorticultureindustryinKenyawillshrivelasquicklyasdiscardedrose.Andwhileagricultureexportsremainthegreathopeforpoorcountries,reducingtradebarriersinothersectorsalsoworks:AfricanGrowthandOpportunityAct,whichcutsdutiesonexportsofeverythingfromhandicraftstoshoes,hasprovedaboontoAfrica’smanufacturers.Thelesson:theThirdWorldcanprosperiftherichworldgivesitafairgo.ThisiswhatmakesBush’sdecisiontoincreasefarmsubsidieslastmonthallthemoredepressing.Poorcountrieshavelongsuspectedthattherichworldurgestradeliberalizationonlysoitcanwangleitswayintonewmarkets.SuchsuspicionscausedtheSeattletradetalkstobreakdownthreeyearsago.ButlastNovembermembersoftheWorldTradeOrganization,meetinginDoha.Qatar,finallyagreedtoanewroundoftalksdesignedtoopenupglobaltradeinagricultureandtextiles.Richcountriesassuredpoorcountriesthattheirconcernswerefinallybeingaddressed.Bush’shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica’scommitmenttothesetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.1.Bycomparison,farmers（

）receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanother.2.Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa（

）motivebehindBush’ssigningofthenewbill.3.Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat（

）.4.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is（

）.问题1选项A.inthedevelopingworldB.inJapanC.inEuropeD.inAmerica问题2选项A.partisanB.socialC.financialD.cultural问题3选项A.poorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintradeB.“theleastdevelopedcountry”statusbenefitsagriculturalcountriesC.poorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalizationD.farmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidies问题4选项A.favorableB.ambiguousC.criticalD.reserved.4.翻译题TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish公民、法人的合法民事权益受法律保护，任何组织和个人不得侵犯。已满16岁的人犯罪，应当负刑事贵任。5.单选题Electronictrash,knownase-waste,ispilingupfasterthaneverinAmericanhomesandbusinesses.Peopledonotknowwhattodowitholdtelevisionsorcomputerssotheythrowtheminthetrash.NationalSolidWastesManagementAssociationstateprogramsdirectorChazMillersaysthelargeamountofelectronicwasteAmericansgenerateisnotunexpected.“Wehavesomanyelectronicproductsthat“weuse”,saidMiller.“Theyarebeingfarmorewidelydistributedthroughoutthepopulationofthecountryandtheytendtohaverelativelyshortlifespans.Cellphonesthatlasttwoorthreeyears,computersthatlastmaybetwoorthreeyearsbeforetheygetreplaced.”TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)estimatesmorethan400millionconsumerelectronicitemsaredumpedeachyear,andthereisapushbymorestatestobanthewastefromgarbagedumpsandcreaterecyclingprograms.Forexample,asquicklyasoldelectronicsarriveatarecyclingfacilityinBaltimore,Maryland,theyaretornapartandsortedforusableparts.PlantmanagerMikeFannonsayse-wastehereisresoldtoothercompaniesthatfurtherbreakdownthecomponentsthatarevaluable.“Therearealotofvaluablemetalsthatcanberecoveredandreusedasopposedtojustputtingtheminthegarbagedump,andincertaincomponentstherearesomematerialsthatshouldnotreallybedumpedinthegarbagedump,Fannonexplained.Nearly20percentofelectronicwasteisrecyclednationwide.Goingback1.3years,itwasonlyaboutsixpercent.Recyclingratescontinuetoriseasmorecommunitieshavebannedelectronicsfromgarbagedumpsinanefforttokeepe-wastetoxins(毒素，毒质)，likeleadandmercuryoutofgarbagedumps.Manyplaceshavesetupfreedrop-offsiteswherepeoplecanbringolditemsforrecycling.FannonsayssomeitemslikeoldelectroniccircuitboardswillgetshippedtoCanada,while,otherpartswillbeshippedtocountriesinAsia.“Thesewillgooffactuallytoacoppersmelterwhereworkerswillrecovercopperwithinthecircuitboardaswellaspreciousmetalsthatareontheboard’’,addedFannon.“Thereisgoldplatingonalotofthematerial.Thereissilver.Soallthosepreciousmetalsarerecoveredinadditiontothecopper.’’ThisyearseveralstateslikeVermontimposedabanonelectronicwasteingarbagedumps.Morecanbedonetoboostelectronicwasterecycling.WastemanagementanalystssayU.S.facilitiescansafelyrecycleitems.Environmentalistsmaintaintheycanreducetheamountofelectronicwasteingarbagedumpsnowbyraisingconsumerawarenessaboutthebestwaystorecyclee-waste.1.WhyistheresomuchelectronicwasteinAmerica?2.AccordingtoEPA,whathelpstoreducethedumpede-waste?3.WhatistherightwaytorecycletheoldelectronicsaccordingtoFannon?4.AccordingtoFannon,whatpreciousmetalcanpeoplegetfromusedcircuitboard?5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?问题1选项A.BecauseithasnovaluetoberecycledB.BecauseAmericansdon'tknowhowtorecycleit.C.BecauseAmericansloveelectronicitemsmorethanothersdoD.Becauseelectronicitemsarewidelyusedandfallintodisuseeasily问题2选项A.Thebanofe-wastefromgarbagedumpsB.ArecyclingfacilityinBaltimore.C.Theshipmentofe-wastetoothercountries.D.Anadvancedtechnologytomakee-products问题3选项A.DumpthemintothegarbagedumpB.Tearthemapartathomeforvaluablematerials.C.Leavetheminfreedrop-offsitesforrecyclingD.Burythemundergrounddirectly问题4选项A.IronB.MercuryC.GoldD.Lead问题5选项A.PeopleshouldtrytouseaslesselectronicproductsaspossibleB.PeoplecandealwiththeelectronicwasteinasafewayC.ThegovernmentcandonearlynothinginfrontoftheelectronicwasteD.Peoplearehelplessinfrontofelectronicwaste6.单选题Johnfailedinthefinalexaminationbecausehewas（

）totheteacher’sadvice.问题1选项A.immuneB.indifferentC.ignorantD.informed7.单选题The（

）ofausefuldictionaryrequiresdedicationoftheauthorstoanunusualdegree.问题1选项A.suppositionB.editionC.compilationD.construction8.单选题Thedoctorsareverymuchworriedaboutthe（

）ofthepatient’sconditionafteroperation.问题1选项A.deteriorationB.differentiationC.diversionD.donation9.单选题Doyouagreewiththesayingthatthemonkeywasthe（

）ofhumanrace?问题1选项A.offspringB.successorC.breederD.predecessor10.单选题Hisparentsgavehimmanyexpensivetoysassomeformof（

）forhislamenessandinabilitytoplayactivegames.问题1选项A.remedyB.compensationC.treatmentD.comfort11.单选题Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpollution（

）aseriousthreattothecontinuedexistenceofsomespecieslivingonearth.问题1选项A.posesB.imposesC.provokesD.evokes12.单选题Acoatofpaintwilldevelopsmallcracksasit（

）overtime.问题1选项A.peelsB.shrinksC.hardensD.fades13.单选题Thetremorinhisvoice（

）hisnervousness.问题1选项A.affirmedB.disguisedC.representedD.revealed14.翻译题TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.ForthepurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“intellectualproperty”referstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSectionIthrough7ofPartII.MembersshallaccordthetreatmentprovidedforinthisAgreementtothenationalsofotherMembers.Inrespectoftherelevantintellectualpropertyright,thenationalofotherMembersshallbeunderstoodasthosenaturalorlegalpersonsthatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheParisConvention(1967),theBerneConvention(1971),theRomeConventionandtheTreatyonIntellectualPropertyinRespectofIntegratedCircuits,wereallMembersoftheWTOmembersofthoseconventions.AnyMemberavailingitselfofthepossibilitiesprovidedinParagraph3ofArticle5orParagraph2ofArticle6oftheRomeConventionshallmakeanotificationasforeseeninthoseprovisionstotheCouncilforTrade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights(the“CouncilforTRIPS”)Criminallawisdistinctivefortheuniquelyseriouspotentialconsequencesoffailuretoabidebyitsrules.Everycrimeiscomposedofcriminalelements.Anelementofacrime(collectivelycalledelementsofcrime)isabasicsetofcommonlawprinciplesregardingcriminalliabilitythat,withfewexceptions,constitutetheessentialelementstoprovethatthedefendantcommittedacrimeunderUnitedStateslaw.Thejurymustbeconvincedbeyondareasonabledoubtthatthedefendantcommittedeachelementoftheparticularcrimechargedbeforedecidingonaguiltyverdict.Thecomponentpartsthatmakeupanyparticularcrimevarydependingonthecrime.Thebasiccomponentsarementalstate(Mensrea),conduct(Actusreus),concurrenceandcausation.However,thetwonecessaryelementsthatmustcoexistforacrimetoexististhatthedefendantmusthavecommittedanactandthatactmusthavebeencommittedintentionally.15.单选题Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom.Thesmoke（

）myeyes.问题1选项A.disturbsB.bothersC.upsetsD.irritates16.单选题OscarWildesaidthatworkistherefugeofpeoplewhohavenothingbettertodo.Ifso,Americansarenowamongtheworld'ssaddestrefugees.FactoryworkersintheUnitedStatesareworkinglongerhoursthanatanytimeinthepasthalf-century.Americaonceledtherichworldincuttingtheaverageworkingweek-from70hoursin1850tolessthan40hoursbythe1950s.Itseemednaturalthataspeoplegrewrichertheywouldtradeextrasearningsformoreleisure.Sincethe1970s,however,thehoursclockedupbyAmericanworkershaverisentoanaverageof42thisyearinmanufacturing.Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:Americansarespendingmoretimeatworkthantheydid20yearsago.Executivesandlawyersboastof80-hourweeks.Onholiday,theyseekoutfaxmachinesandphonesaseagerlyasGermansbagthebestsun-loungers.YetworkingtimeinEuropeandJapancontinuestofall.InGermany'sengineeringindustrytheworkingweekistobetrimmedfrom36to35hoursnextyearMostGermansgetsixweeks’paidannualholiday,eventheJapanesenowtakethreeweeks.Americansstillmakedowithjusttwo.Germanyrespondstothiscontrastwithitsusualconcernaboutwhetherpeople'saversiontoworkisdamagingitscompetitiveness.YetGermanworkers,liketheJapanese,seemtobeactingsensibly:astheirincomesrise,theycanachieveabetterstandardoflivingwithfewerhoursofwork.ThepuzzleiswhyAmerica,theworld'srichestcountry,seesthingsdifferently.Itisapuzzlewithsinistersocialimplications.Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?SomeexplanationsforAmerica’stimeatworkfailtostanduptoscrutiny.Oneblamesweaktradeunionsthatleaveworkersopentoexploitation.Areworkersbeingforcedbycost-cuttingfirmstotoilharderjusttokeeptheirjobs?ArecentstudybytwoAmericaneconomists,RichardFreemanandLindaBell,suggestsnot:whenasked,Americansactuallywanttoworklongerhours.MostGermanworkers,incontrast,wouldratherworkless.Then,whydoAmericanswanttoworkharder?OnereasonmaybethattherealearningsofmanyAmericanshavebeenstagnantorfallingduringthepasttwodecades.Peopleworklongermerelytomaintaintheirlivingstandards.Yetmanyhigherskilledworkers,whohaveenjoyedbigincreasesintheirrealpay,havebeenworkinghardertoo.Also,onereasonfortheslowgrowthofwageshasbeentherapidgrowthinemployment-whichismoreorlesswheretheargumentbegan.Taxesmayhavesomethingtodowithit.PeoplewhoworkanextrahourinAmericaareallowedtokeepmoreoftheirmoneythanthosewhodothesameinGermany.FallsinmarginaltaxratesinAmericasincethe1970shavemadeitallthemoreprofitabletoworklonger.Noneoftheseanswersreallyexplainswhythecentury-longdeclineinworkinghourshasgoneintoreverseinAmericabutnotelsewhere(thoughBritainshowsignsoffollowingAmerica’slead).Perhapsculturaldifferences--thelastrefugeofthedefeatedeconomists---areatplay.Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,theirincentivetoworkwouldbeeroded,likelionsrelaxingafterakill.Buthumansaremoresusceptibletoadvertisingthanlions.Perhapsclevermarketinghasensuredthat“basicneeds”--forashowerwithbuilt-inTV,forarocket-propelledcar—expandcontinuously.ShoppingisalreadyoneofAmerica’smostpopularpastimes.Butitrequiresmoney—hencemoreworkandlessleisure.Ortrythis,thetelevisionisnotverygood,andbaseballandhockeykeepbeingwipedoutbystrikes.PerhapsWildewasright.MaybeAmericanshavenothingbettertodo.1.IntheUnitedStates,workinglongerhoursis（

）.2.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichmightbeoneoftheconsequencesofworkinglongerhours?3.Whichofthefol