Unit4　HistoryandTraditions高中英语新教材超前集中词汇学习（人教版2019）学生版

〔人教版2019〕高中英语新教材超前集中词汇学习必修其次册Unit4HistoryandTraditions老师版主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化第一局部集中熟记Ⅰ.课文词汇Confucius/kənˈfjuːʃəs/n.孔子mansion/ˈmænʃn/n.公馆；宅第cemetery/ˈsemətri/n.墓地；公墓philosophy/fəˈlɒsəfi/n.哲学descendant/dɪˈsendənt/n.后裔；后代；子孙individual/ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl/adj.单独的；个别的；n.个人heel/hiːl/n.足跟；〔脚、袜子、鞋等的〕后跟Achilles'heel/əˈkɪliːzhiːl/〔喻〕〔希腊〕阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点kingdom/ˈkɪŋdəm/n.王国；领域chief/ʧiːf/adj.最重要的；最高级别的；n.〔公司或机构的〕首领；遒长puzzle/ˈpʌzl/n.谜；智力嬉戏；疑问；vt.迷惑；使困惑nearby/ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/adj.四周的；邻近的；adv.在四周loin…to…./lɔɪn…tuː…./把……和……连接或联结起来breakaway〔fromsb/sth〕脱离；背叛；逃脱belong/bɪˈlɒŋ/vi.应在〔某处〕；适应belongto/bɪˈlɒŋtuː/属于aswellas/æzwelæz/同〔一样也〕；和；还currency/ˈkʌrənsi/n.通货；货币military/ˈmɪlətri/adj.事的；用的defence/dɪˈfens/n.防备；保卫legal/ˈliːgl/adj.法律的；合法的surround/səˈraʊnd/vt.围绕；包围evidence/ˈevɪdəns/n.证据；证明achievement/əˈʧiːvmənt/n.成就；成果；到达location/ləʊˈkeɪʃn/n.地方；地点；位置conquer/ˈkɒŋkə(r)/vt.占据；制服；掌握battle/ˈbætl/n.战役；搏斗；vi.＆vt.搏斗；奋斗port/pɔːt/n.港口〔城市〕fascinating/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的keepyoureyesopen(for)留心；留意charge/ʧɑːʤ/n.收费；指控；主管；vt.收费；控告；充电announce/əˈnaʊns/vt.宣布；通知；声称amount/əˈmaʊnt/n.金额；数量gallery/ˈgæləri/n.〔艺术作品的〕展览馆；画廊approach/əˈprəʊʧ/n.方法；途径；接近；vt.接近；接；着手处理；vi.靠近ensure/ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/vt.保证；确保；担保landscape/ˈlændskeɪp/n.〔陆上，尤指乡村的〕风景generous/ˈʤenərəs/adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的butter/ˈbʌtə(r)/n.黄油；奶油；vt.涂黄油于honey/ˈhʌni/n.蜂蜜ancestor/ˈænsɪstə(r)/n.祖宗；祖先position/pəˈzɪʃn/n.位置；姿势；职位courtyard/ˈkɔːtˌjɑːd/n.庭院；院子snack/snæk/n.点心；小吃eager/ˈiːgə(r)/adj.热切的；渴望的poet/ˈpəʊɪt/n.诗人county/ˈkaʊnti/n.〔英国、爱尔兰的〕郡；〔的〕郡feast/fiːst/n.盛宴；宴会；节日roll/rəʊl/vi.＆vt.〔使〕翻滚；〔使〕滚动；n.卷〔轴〕；翻滚dot/dɒt/n.点；小〔圆〕点；vt.加点；遍布cattle/ˈkætl/n.牛roar/rɔː(r)/vi.&n.吼叫；咆哮ocean/ˈəʊʃn/n.大海；海洋scent/sent/n.气味；气息greet/griːt/vi.问候；迎接pub/pʌb/n.酒吧；酒馆wine/waɪn/n.葡萄酒；果酒beer/bɪə(r)/n.〔一杯〕啤酒stew/stjuː/n.炖菜〔有肉和蔬菜〕；vt.＆vi.炖；煨custom/ˈkʌstəm/n.风俗；习俗；习惯sensory/ˈsensəri/adj.感觉的；感官的striking/ˈstraɪkɪŋ/adj.引人注目的；显著的transition/trænˈzɪʃn,sɪʃn/n.过渡；转变；变迁crowd/ˈkraʊd/n.人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤Wales/weɪlz/威尔士〔英国〕Scotland/ˈskɒtlənd/苏格兰〔英国〕NorthernIreland/ˈnɔːðənˈaɪələnd/北爱尔兰〔英国〕AngloSaxon/ˈæŋgləʊˈsæksən/盎格鲁.撒克逊人Viking/ˈvaɪkɪŋ/n.维京人；北欧海盗Norman/ˈnɔːmən/adj.诺曼式的；诺曼人的theNormans/ðəˈnɔːmənz/诺曼人BattleofHastings/ˈbætlɒvˈheɪstɪŋz/黑斯廷斯战役Roman/ˈrəʊmən/adj.古罗马的；罗马的；n.古罗马人；罗马市民VanGogh/vængəʊ/梵高〔荷兰画家〕theEmeraldIsle/ðiˈemərəldaɪl/绿宝石岛〔爱尔兰的别称〕Irish/ˈaɪərɪʃ/adj.爱尔兰的；爱尔兰人〔或语〕的Ⅱ.核心词汇分类记忆阅读词汇学其意kingdomn.____________________currencyn.____________________militaryadj.____________________conquervt.____________________galleryn.____________________landscapen.____________________buttern.____________________vt.____________________honeyn.____________________ancestorn.____________________courtyardn.____________________snackn.____________________pubn.____________________strikingadj.____________________高频词汇知其形_______________n.孔子_______________adj.单独的；个别的n.个人_______________adj.最重要的；最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领；酋长_______________adj.四周的；邻近的adv.在四周_______________adj.法律的；合法的_______________n.收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电_______________n.金额；数量_______________n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近_______________n.位置；姿势；职位_______________n.盛宴；宴会；节日_______________vi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动n.卷(轴)；翻滚_______________n.风俗；习俗；习惯拓展词汇通变化_______________n.谜；智力嬉戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→_______________adj.令人困惑的→_______________adj.感到困惑的_______________n.防备；保卫→_______________v.防备；保卫→_______________adj.防备的；爱护的_______________vt.围绕；包围→_______________adj.四周的→_______________n.四周的环境_______________n.证据；证明→_______________adj.明显的_______________n.成就；成果；到达→_______________vt.到达；实现_______________n.地方；地点；位置→_______________vt.位于；找……的位置_______________adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→_______________v.使……入迷，迷住→_______________adj.着迷的_______________vt.宣布；通知；声称→_______________n_______________宣布；通知→_______________n.播送员；解说员_______________vt.保证；确保；担保→_______________adj.确信的，牢靠的_______________adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→_______________n.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量_______________adj.热切的；渴望的→_______________n.渴望，热心_______________n.诗人→_______________n.诗歌→_______________n.诗歌(总称)_______________vt.问候；迎接→_______________n.问候，招呼_______________n.人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤→_______________adj.拥挤的4.高频词块明搭配__________________把……和……连接或联结起来__________________脱离；背叛；逃脱__________________属于__________________同(一样也)；和；还__________________留心；留意__________________导致__________________接管；接收__________________被……包围__________________布满；点缀__________________对……有很大影响__________________渴望做某事__________________编造；化装；装扮；组成；弥补5.词汇风暴连连看头脑风暴一表示“除……以外〞的词语①apartfrom②asidefrom③besides④aswellas⑤inaddition⑥inadditionto2)头脑风暴二A.en­前缀和­en后缀转变词性①rich→v.使富有②able→v.使能够③sure→v.确保；担保④large→v.加大⑤short→v.缩短；使变短⑥courage→v.鼓舞答案①enrich;②enable;③ensure;④enlarge;⑤shorten;⑥encourage;B.后缀ness高频名词荟萃①darknessA.无礼②sicknessB.疾病③rudenessC.哀痛④eagernessD.黑暗⑤sadnessE.和善⑥kindnessF.渴望，热心答案①⑥DBAFCE3〕头脑风暴三——与课文话题关联词汇A.历史与政治①queenA.n.资本主义②cabinetB.n.首相③democracyC.n.④parliamentD.n.民主⑤capitalismE.n.议会，国会⑥primeministerF.n.内阁⑦independenceG.n.女王答案①⑦GFDEABCB.地界①borderA.adj.多山的②harbourB.adj.偏远的③straitC.n.山谷；峡谷④valleyD.n.边界；国界⑤mountainousE.n.海峡⑥remoteF.n.海港答案①⑥DFECABC.天气状况①mistA.n.霜②frostB.n.薄雾③breezeC.n.微风④mildD.adj.&n.潮湿(的)⑤dampE.adj.温柔的⑥foggyF.adj.雪(白)的；下雪的⑦freezingG.adj.冻结的；极冷的⑧snowyH.adj.有雾的答案①⑧BACEDHGFⅢ.经典句型牢记心1.句型公式：what引导的宾语从句TheUnitedKingdom，GreatBritain，Britain，England—manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——许多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。2.句型公式：if的省略结构Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem，ifany？假如有的话，那么它们之间的区分是什么呢？3.句型公式：过去分词短语作后置定语Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。4.句型公式：havesthdoneTheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他们在英格兰各地建筑城堡，并对法律体系进行。5.句型公式：if引导的条件状语从句Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.假如留心去观看，英国的过去和现在都将展现在你的面前，令你叹为观止。6.句型公式：with的复合结构Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle〞anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛〞风光安静秀美，郡县草木葱郁，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。7.句型公式：Itis＋adj.＋that...Withallthisbeauty，itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic，dancing，anddining.乡村景色如此美丽，在爱尔兰形成这些深厚的传统包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮就一点也不让人觉得惊奇了。其次局部集中练通Ⅰ.阅读词汇认知1.Whenthefreshmenareadmittedintoahighschool,theywillhaveamilitarytraining.__________________2.Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.__________________3.Inordertoensuretheproject’spletiononschedule,twoexpertswerehiredtowatchoutforthebuildingwhenitwasbeingbuilt.__________________4.Salesdirectorisapositionwheremunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.__________________5.Ifonecountryorgroupofpeopleconqueranother,theytakepletecontroloftheirland.__________________Ⅱ.写作词汇填空1.Thepowerofthe____________(个人)islimitedwhilethepowerofthemassesislimitless.2.Salesdirectorisa____________(职位)wheremunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.3.Themanis____________(战斗)againstthedestructionofculturalrelicsatpresent.4.I'mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijinginrewardforyour____________(慷慨的)help.5.Someofuswere____________(渴望)totakepartintheclassactivities;theotherswerenervousandanxious.Ⅲ.拓展词汇变形1.Wealwaysdreamofhavingahouse____________bytrees,flowersandgrass.Ifwecanliveinsuchbeautiful_____________wemustbehappyeveryday.Asisknown,the____________thingscanalwayshaveapositiveeffectonus.(surround)2.Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundtoachieveyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity,whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseof____________(achieve).3.Therewasa____________lookonthelittlegirl'sfacebecausea____________problem____________her.(puzzle)4.Itwasevidentthatallthe____________(evident)wecollectedprovedhimtobeguilty.5.①Mary____________(announce)toherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy.②The____________(announce)oftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.Ⅳ.词块搭配选用bedottedwith,makeup,haveabadinfluenceon,belongto,resultin,takeover,dateback,makechangesMalaysia__________________plains,forestedhillsandmountainsthatcoverbotheastandwestMalaysia.Violentprogramsontelevisionmay__________________children.Asoneofthemostdeadlynaturaldisastersintheworld,earthquakesoften__________________manypeoplebeinginjuredorkilled.Someanimalsareputindangerwhenpeople__________________theirhabitats.Myinterestinstampcollecting__________________tomyschooldays.Moneyisyoursbutresources__________________society.Ⅴ.句型仿写1.我脸上火辣辣的,我为我对你所做的事情感到惭愧。(读后续写之心理描写)(what引导的宾语从句)Withmyfaceburning,Iwasashamedof________________________.2.欢送任何对这部电影感爱好的人到位于第三教学楼第一层的学校演讲大厅。(过去分词短语作后置定语)Anyonewhoiskeenonthefilmisweletotheschool’slecturehall__________________.3.他修房顶的时候,摔断了腿,这让大家很担忧他。(havesthdone)He________________whilerestoringtheroof,whichmadeeveryoneworriedabouthim.4.由于他们照旧气喘吁吁、心跳飞速,他们信任刚刚所发生的事是真的。(读后续写之紧急心理描写)(with的复合结构)Astheywerestillbreathless,________________________________,theywereconvincedthatwhathadhappenedjustnowwastrue.5.你昨天晚上熬夜到那么晚,今日发困缺乏为奇。(Itis＋adj.＋that...)Youstayedupsolatelastnight；________________________________________.答案：whatIhaddonetoyoulocatedonthefirstfloorofthethirdteachingbui