天津市河北区高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题2

河北区2022～2023学年度第一学期期末高三年级质量检测本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至10页，第Ⅱ卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利!第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthere________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llprobablyfindasolutionthat________everyone.A.suit B.suited C.suits D.hassuited2.—Readingisthebestwaytopasstimeonthetrain.—_______,Inevergotravelingwithoutabook.A.Youarejoking B.That’strueC.Idon’tthinkso D.Itsoundslikefun3.IhadasmuchfunsailingtheseasasInowdo_withstudents.A.working B.workC.towork D.worked4.Iwon’ttellthestudentstheanswertothemathproblemuntilthey________onitformorethananhour.A.havebeenworking B.hadworkedC.willhavebeenworking D.willhaveworked5.IhopeIwillnotbecalledoninclassasI’mnotyet_______prepared.A.attentively B.attractivelyC.actively D.adequately6.Ihaveofferedtopaintthehouse________aweek’saccommodation.A.inexchangefor B.inanswerto C.incontactwith D.inmemoryof7.ThesubjectsoftheDunhuangmurals________fromreligiousstoriestoscenesofeverydaylife.A.vary B.distribute C.motivate D.facilitate8.—Excuseme,whereisGeorge?—George________toofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.A.musthavegone B.mighthavegoneC.can’thavegone D.needn’thavegone9.AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis________happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.A.Which B.thatC.what D.where10.（2015•福建）________moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.A.Learn B.LearnedC.Tolearn D.Tobelearning11.Itissaidthatbodylanguage________55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.A.liesin B.accountsforC.consistsof D.goeswith12.—Themoviestartsat8:30,andwecanhaveaquickbitebeforewego.—________.Seeyouat8:10.A.Solong B.Nowonder C.Goodluck D.Soundsgreat13.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree________theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.A.forwhich B.towhich C.ofwhich D.onwhich14.Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears________yougetanotherone.A.while B.before C.after D.since15.Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemost________statementsofhowandonwhatbasis,dataarecollected.A.available B.original C.explicit D.formal第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Anewweekbegan.Marcusenteredtheschool.____16____,hecriedout“Whathappenedtothestadium?”Someonehadpaintedfacesonthestadiumwall!Allstudentswerewhisperingwith____17____aboutthegraffiti(涂鸦).Possibleexplanationsspreadlikewildfire____18____theschool.Later,whenBriancleanedtheblackboard,Marcus____19____thepaintonhishands.He____20____thatitwasBrianwhodidit.Afterschool,MarcusfollowedBrianand____21____onwhathewasdoing.WhenBrianopenedhislocker,Marcussawsmallcansofpaint!Hedecidedto____22____ittoMr.Johnson.Thenextmorning,Brianwascalledtotheprincipal’soffice.ThemomentMr.Johnson____23____askedaboutthegraffiti,Briancried.____24____,Brianexplainedthathelikedtopaint,buthecouldn’tjointheartclubbecausehehadtogo_____25_____homeafterschooltobaby-sithislittlebrother.“I’msorryandI’ll_____26_____thestadium,”hesobbed.Thoughangryatfirst,Mr.Johnsonbegantosoftenasherealizedhow_____27_____Brianwas.“Brian,paintinggrafftionschoolwallsisavery_____28_____matter.Ofcourseyoushouldcleanand_____29_____thewall.”Mr.Johnsonpaused,“_____30_____Imustsay,thosepaintingsarequitegood.Didyoudoitalone?”Briannodded,“Yes.I’mgoodatpainting.”Mr.Johnsonthoughtforamomentbeforemakinga(n)_____31_____.“Well,”hesaid,“Someteacherssuggestedthatwehirealocal_____32_____topaintourschoolmascotontheschoolwall.Wouldyouliketoparticipateinthat?”“Really?”Brianhesitated,_____33_____tobelieveit.“Yes,butit’shardwork,andwecanconsideritpartofyour_____34_____”Mr.Johnsonsaid,tryingtohidehis_____35_____ashepickedupthephone.16.A.Gradually B.Generally C.Usually D.Suddenly17.A.curiosity B.disappointment C.fear D.relief18.A.to B.around C.from D.beyond19A.wiped B.examined C.scanned D.spotted20.A.remembered B.suspected C.witnessed D.hoped21.A.spied B.reflected C.commented D.hit22.A.make B.report C.describe D.retell23.A.hesitantly B.patiently C.directly D.sympathetically24.A.Ashamed B.Surprised C.Excited D.Satisfied25.A.slowly B.late C.deliberately D.right26.A.change B.decorate C.clean D.ruin27.A.fortunate B.miserable C.relaxed D.naughty28.A.strange B.urgent C.serious D.unusual29.A.repaint B.hide C.build D.repair30.A.And B.So C.Or D.But31.A.promise B.choice C.decision D.appointment32.A.interpreter B.artist C.designer D.scientist33.A.unable B.unwilling C.unlikely D.unhappy34.A.responsibility B.talent C.devotion D.punishment35.A.regret B.anger C.smile D.pride第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASometimesittakesaworkofarttogivetheinspirationforadvancesinscience.Forexample,ElonMusk’sdreamofhumanslivingonotherplanetswasfirstinspiredbyIsaacAsimov’sFoundationbookseries.AmazonCEOJeffBezosissimilarlyamassivefanoftheStarTrektelevisionseries.TheseriesinspiredhimtofoundhisveryownspacecompanyBlueOrigin,accordingtoForbesmagazine.Let’sexploresomeofthetechnologiesfromsciencefictionthathavebeenbroughttolife.●RemotecontrolFrankHerbert’s1965novelDunefeaturesasmallflyingrobotdevicethatispilotedremotely,oneoftheearliestappearancesofdrones(无人机)insciencefiction.WiththefirstpermitforcommercialdroneuseintheUSgivenin2006,dronesbecameareality,andcannowbefoundtakingonmultipleroles.Theyprovidenewanglesforphotography,helpfarmersmaintaintheircropsandareusedinthemilitary.JeffBezoshasevensupportedtheuseofdronestodeliverpackagesforhiscompanyAmazon,unveilingadeliverydronebackin2019.●FromthinairThetelevisionshowStarTrek,firstappearingonscreensin1966,inspiredscience.Oneofthemostunexpectedexamplesmaybethe3Dprinter.Intheprogram,adevicecancreateanyobjectdesiredwithinamatterofseconds.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,US,developeda3Dprinterin2019thatshapesobjectsusingraysoflight.Theyhavenamedtheprinterthe“replicator”,thesamenameasthedeviceintheprogramtoshowtheirinspiration.Thedeviceuseslighttoalterthedensityofresin(树脂),changingthematerialfromaliquidtoasolidinordertoshapethedesiredobject.●StartingtheheartOneofthefirstsci-finovels,FrankensteinbyMaryShelleyhashadahugeimpactonscience.EarlBakken,theinventorofthepacemaker(起搏器),adeviceplacedintothechestthathelpsthehearttopumpbloodusingsmallelectricalimpulses,wasinspiredbythe1931movieadaptationofthebook.“WhatintriguedmemostwasthecreativesparkofDr.Frankenstein’selectricity,”BakkentoldTheAtlantic.Defibrillators(除颤仪),whichrestarttheheartwithanelectricalcurrentafteracardiacarrest(心脏骤停),alsoresembletheelectricshockthatgavethemonsterlife.36.ElonMusk’sdreamofhumanslivingonotherplanetswasinspiredby________.A.StarTrek B.Frankenstein C.Dune D.Foundation37.WhatdoesJeffBezoswanttousedronesfor?A.Wateringcrops.B.Transportingpackages.C.Guardingmilitarysites.D.Snapingbreathtakingpictures.38.Whatdoweknowaboutthe3Dprinter?A.Itcanuseanymaterialtoprint.B.Itcancreateanythingwithinminutes.C.Itcanchangethedensityof3Dprinter.D.Itcanturnaliquidintoasolidusinglight.39.WhatinspiredBakkentoinventthepacemakerfromthemovieFrankenstein?AThewayDr.Frankensteinusedelectricity.B.ThedeviceDr.Frankensteinplacedintothechest.C.ThetoolsDr.Frankensteinusedinhisexperiments.D.ThematerialDr.Frankensteinusedtocreatethemonster.40.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toshowsomescientificadvancesinspiredbyartworks.B.Toexplainsomefunctionsofthoseusefulequipment.C.Tooffersometechnologiesusedbymedicine.D.Tointroducesomeinterestingsciencefiction.BAlthoughIwastheclassclownatschool,there’sanintroverted(内向的)sidetomypersonality.That’sbecauseIhaveaneurological(神经系统的)conditionthatmakesithardformybraintoprocessvisualinformation.Wordsswimonthepageforme.IwantedtolearnhowtoreadbutIcouldn’t.Inprimaryschool,Ididn’ttalktoanyteachersorfamilyaboutthis.Iwascleverathidingit.WhenIhadtowriteanythingdown,Iguessed,formingwhatIhopedwastherightwords.Ibecamegoodatlearningbyheart.WhenIstartedsecondaryschool,astudentinclassmademestandonachairandread.ItwassohumiliatingthatIdevelopedabadstutter(口吃).Icontinuedtofallthroughthenet,emotionallyandeducationally.TheonlythingIlovedwaspracticalbiology.Iwantedtobeadoctor.ThenIleftschoolandjoinedthemilitary.Iwasdeterminedtobeamedicandtrainedhard.Butthingsunraveled(揭开)whenIdidacourseinpre-hospitalemergencycare.Ipassedallmypracticalexams,preparingforthembywatchingothers.Theproblemwasthewrittenexam.IwassoembarrassedbuthadtotelltheexaminingdoctorthatIcouldn’tread.Heurgedmetogetbackintoeducation.Iwas34.IappliedtodoamedicaldegreeattheOpenUniversity(OU).Itwasbacktobasicsonthecourse.Iknewthealphabetandsomewords,butmyvocabularywassmall.Ipaidforatutor,whoworkedwithmeeveryweek,teachingmetounderstandwordsthroughpictures.Ittookmenineyearstogetthatdegree.Now,aged47,I’manambassadorfortheOU,winninganawardforembracingeducationsolateinlife.Inowteachpre-hospitalemergencycaretomedicalschoolstudents.IalsoteachchildrenandadultswithlearningdifficultiesbecauseIwanttogiveothersthechancesIhad.IstillstruggletoreadamenuifI’mnotwearingmyspecialglasses,butluckilythere’salwayssomeonearoundtolendmeahand.Ilookbackandwonderhowmanyotherpeoplehavestruggledwitheducationandwheretheyarenow.I’mproofthatnooneshouldbediscounted(忽视),ever.41.Howdidtheauthordealwithhisprobleminprimaryschool?A.Hetriedhardtoforgetit.B.Hefoundawaytohideit.C.Hemanagedtoovercomeit.D.Heturnedtoteachersforhelp.42.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenhewasinthemilitary?A.Hewasencouragedtobeadoctor.B.Hisspeechdisorderbecameworse.C.Hewasadvisedtogobacktouniversity.D.Hefailedhisexamsandwasforcedtoleave.43.Whatdidtheauthorstruggletodoafterreturningtoeducation?A.Learnbasicsonthecourse.B.Buildconfidenceinlearning.C.Workhardtopasswrittenexams.D.Trytocatchupinmedicalclasses.44.TheunderlinedwordinParagraph6canbeunderstoodas________.A.raisingpublicawarenessofsomethingB.makinganewdiscoveryofsomethingC.acceptingsomethingwillinglyDattractinggreatattention45.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.B.Collegeeducationcontributestosuccess.C.Everyoneshouldbetreatedequallyineducation.D.Adultswithlearningdifficultiesneedspecialeducation.CIntheUK,thegovernmentshowedthrowawaycupsshouldbeforbiddenaltogetherby2023iftheyarenotallbeingrecycled.Asaresult,Starbuckssaiditwouldtryouta5p(5pence)cupchargein20to25centralLondonshops.“Wewillbeginitnextmonthandatfirstitwilllastforthreemonths,”thecompanysaid,addingthatitcontinuedtooffera25p(25pence)discounttocustomerswhobroughttheirownreusablecups.Thegovernmentagreesplasticwasteisaproblemandwillconsidertaxingdisposable(一次性的)plastics.Thecommittee’schair,MaryCreagh,said,“TheUKthrowsaway2.5billiondisposablecoffeecupseveryyear.Almostnonearerecycled.Coffeecupproducersandshopshaven’ttakenactiontochangethis.Soweneedtokick-startachangeinrecycling.”TheLiberalDemocratssaidtheyhadbeensuggestingachargeoncoffeecupssinceSeptember2016.Theparty’sspokesman,TimFarron,said,“Theresultisclearthatthetaxworks.The5pchargeonplasticbagshaslargelycutdowntheusageandhelpedprotectourenvironment.”The5ptaxisbeingagainstbythemakersofpapercups.MikeTuner,ofthePaperCupAlliance,saidpapercupswerethesafestsolutionfordrinks.“ThepapercupsweproduceintheUKcanberecycled,andarebeingrecycled.Wearetryingtoincreaserecyclingrates.Taxingthemorningcoffeerunwon’tsolvetheproblem,butitwillhurtconsumers,”hesaid.Disposablecoffeecupsaretechnicallyrecyclable,butmostarenotbecausetheUKhasjustthreemachinesthatcansplitthepaperandplasticpartsforrecycling.Thecommitteehascalledonthegovernmenttorequirecoffeecupsfromcafeswithoutin-storerecyclingsystemstocarry“notrecycled”markstoremindcustomers.Cafeswithin-storerecyclingsystemsshouldprinttheircupswith“recyclableinstoreonly”.46.Aboutthethrowawaycups,Starbuckswill________.A.offerahalf-pricediscounttocustomerswiththeirowncupsB.supporttheideaofforbiddingthrowawaycupstill2023C.chargecustomers5pperthrowawaycupinsomeshopsD.stoptoofferthrowawaycupsinitsshopsrightnow47.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Coffeecupmakerswilltakeactiontorecyclethewater.B.Theuseofthedisposableplasticsisanationwideproblem.C.Coffeecupuserspaymuchattentiontotheplasticproblem.D.TheUKgovernmentwillbanalldisposablecoffeecupsby2023.48.Whatwillbetheresultofintroducingachargefordisposablecoffeecups,inTimFarron’sopinion?A.Morepeoplewillfightagainstthecharge.B.Therewillbelittlechangeinourenvironment.C.Fewerpeoplewillusethedisposablecoffeecups.D.Therewillbeacompetitionbetweencoffeeshops.49.AccordingtoMikeTurner,taxingthepapercoffeecups________.A.willbesupportedbythemakersofthepapercupsB.willaffecttheconsumersinsteadofsolvingtheproblemC.cangiveahandtoincreasingrecyclingratesofthemakersD.canbethebestsolutionforthegovernmenttocutdownwaste50.What’stherealproblemaboutdisposablecoffeecups’recyclingintheUK?A.Therearenotenoughprofessionalsinthisarea.B.Thereisnotenoughprofessionalequipment.C.Consumersdon’thaverecyclingknowledge.D.Cafesdon’thaverecyclingsystemsatall.DNearlyallparentswanttoraiseconfidentchildrenwhobelievestronglyintheirownabilities,buthowexactlydoyouencourageyourchildrentoseethemselvesasintelligentandcompetent?Willcallingyourchildren“smart”helptoimproveconfidence?Researchclearlyshowsthatpraisingchildrenforbeing“smart”isassociatedwithmorenegativeconsequencesthanpraisingchildrenfortheireffort.First,researchfindsthatwhenchildrenarepraisedforbeing“smart,”theytendtobelessinterestedinthelearningitselfandmoreinterestedintheperformanceofthemselvesandothers,ascomparedtochildrenwhoarepraisedfortheireffort.Inaddition,whenfacedwithfailure,childrenpraisedforbeing“smart”tendtoblametheirfailureonnotbeingsmartenoughandarethenmorelikelytojustgiveup.Childrenpraisedfor“hardwork”tendtoconcludethattheysimplyneedtoworkharderwhentheyfail,andthustheyaremorelikelytobepersistent.Childrenwhoarepraisedforbeing“smart”alsotendtoseeintelligenceassomethingtheycan’tchange,whilechildrenpraisedfor“hardwork”aremoremotivatedtokeeplearningortryingtodobetter.Praisingchildrenforbeing“smart”mayevenpromotecheating.Researchfindsthatchildrenwhoarereferredtoas“smart”aremorelikelytocheatthanchildrenpraisedfortheirperformance(“Youdidverywellthistime.”),ornotpraisedatall.Theresearchersguessthatchildrenwhoarecalled“smart”feelpressuredtoupholdthisreputationsotheycheattomakesurethattheirperformanceisconsistentwithbeing“smart”.Sotrynottorefertoyourchildas“smart”oranylabelthatreferstotheirabilities.Researchconsistentlyfindsthatthistypeof“personpraise”hasanegativeimpactonmotivationandpersistence.Instead,praisechildrenfortheirhardworkandeffort.Youcanalsopraisethemfortheirfocusonatask,persistenceinsomethingdifficult,orthestrategytheyuse,soinsteadofsaying,“Wow,youaresosmart,”trysaying,“Whatagreatideatobuildastrongbaseforyourtowerbeforeyoustartedbuilding!”51.Whatisthefindingoftheresearch?A.Praisingchildrenfortheireffortbenefitstheminmanyways.B.Callingchildren“smart”helpsimproveconfidence.C.Childrenpraisedforbeing“smart”tendtofail.D.Intelligenceissomethingthatwecanchange.52.Whyarechildrencalled“smart”morelikelytocheat?A.Theyaremorepersistentwhenfacedwithfailure.B.Theyaremoreinterestedinperformancethaninlearning.C.Theybelieveintelligenceissomethingthatcan’tbechanged.D.Theyfeeltheneedtomaintaintheirreputationasbeing“smart”.53.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragreewithinpraisingchildren?A.Youaresogoodatmath.B.Wow,youaresoexcellent.C.Iloveitwhenyouchallengeyourselfwithreading.D.Youareatalentedsingerandcaneasilyoutperformmostothers.54.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thenegativeconsequencesofpraisingchildrenforbeing“smart”.B.Therelationshipbetween“smart”praiseandcheatinginchildren.C.Thestrategiesofpraisingchildrenfortheirhardworkandeffort.D.Thebenefitsofpraisingchildrenfortheirpersistenceandfocus.55.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthepassage?A.Callingachild“smart”maynotbebeneficialforhim.B.Childrenpraisedforbeing“smart”performbetter.C.Praisecanmakechildrenmoreconfident.D.Parentsshouldpraisetheirchildrenless.第Ⅱ卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2.本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题Ataxidrivertaughtmeamillion-dollarlessonincustomersatisfactionandexpectation.Motivationalspeakerschargethousandsofdollarstogivethiskindoftrainingtocorporateexecutives(企业高管)andstaff.Itcostmea$12taxiride.IhadflownintoDallasfortheonlypurposeofcallingonacustomer.Timewasoftheessenceandmyplanincludedaquickturnaroundtripfromandbacktotheairport.Aspotlesstaxipulledup.ThedriverrushedtoopenthepassengerdoorformeandmadesureIwascomfortablyseatedbeforeheclosedthedoor.Ashegotinthedriver’sseat,hementionedthattheneatlyfolded“WallStreetJournal”nexttomewasformyuse.HethenshowedmeseveraltapesandaskedmewhattypeofmusicIwouldenjoy.Well!Ilookedaroundfora“CandidCamera”!Wouldn’tyou?IcouldnotbelievetheserviceIwasreceiving!Itooktheopportunitytosay,“Obviouslyyoutakegreatprideinyourwork.Youmusthaveastorytotell.”“Youbet,”herepl