单词联想记忆法高中版

实用标准文档单词联想记忆法（高中版）一：构词联想记忆carefulness细心care关爱、谨慎care关爱、谨慎careful细心的careless粗心的carelessness粗心carefully细心地

carelessly粗心地react影响、反应reaction反应、反作用 reactivereact影响、反应actor男演员/actress女演员act行动、表演 action动作、行动active活泼的、活跃的 activity活动interaction相互作用、互动interact相互作用、相互影响•前缀：通常改变词义•前缀：通常改变词义1、表示否定或相反意义的前缀un-“不”unlike unhappydis-“不”discoverdismissinteractive交互式的、相互作用的untidy unfair uncoverdisappointed disagree, dislikeincorrect inexactindirect④ir-“不”，用于以r开头的单词irregular⑤il-“不”，用于以1开头的单词illegal⑥mis-“错误地”mistakemisusemisleadmisunderstand⑦non-“不”non-stop non-smokernon-fatnon-alcoholic2、表示其他意义的前缀：①re-“再；又；重”。rewritereviewreplayremind②a-“…的”，多构成表语形容词。alonealike alive afraid③tele-“远程的”。telephonetelevisiontelescope④en-“使”，构成动词。enlargeenableencourage(反:discourage)⑤inter-“关系相互”。internetinternational interactinterview③in-/im-“不”,用于以c,b,m,p等开头的词。impossibleimpoliteimpatientpre-“预先，前”preview prewarpredictprefacepreparemicro-“微型的” microscope microwaveoven Microsoft•后缀：通常改变词性,构成意思相近的其它词性的词；少数后缀同时会改变词义。实用标准文档A.形容词性后缀:1.-al “...1.-al “...的”nationalnatural2.-able“可以...2.-able“可以...的”eatabledrinkableunbelievableimaginable-an/ian“国家的,国人的”American AsianAfricanCanadian4.-ern“方向的”easternsouthern4.-ern“方向的”easternsouthernwesternnorthern5.-ful“…的”careful usefullhelpfulmeaningfulhopefulyearlymonthlylovelyhazyfoggyrainyhumorousdangeroushelplessmeaninglesshopelessJapanese Vietnamese-less“无...的”helplessmeaninglesshopelessJapanese Vietnamese-ese“国家的,国人的”Chinese-ly“...的”friendly-y“...天气的”cloudy-ous“...的” famous12.-ish“...似的”childish selfish13.-en “...（颜色）的,...（制成）的”goldenwoodenwoolen14.-ive“...的”activepositivenegative15.-proof“防...的”waterprooffireproofsoundproof16.-free“无...的”care-free sugar-free duty-freetax-freetrouble-freeB.动词后缀：1.-fy“使...”beautifymagnify2.-en“使...”widen sharpenloosenlengthenstrengthenC.副词后缀1.-ly “...地”badly happily easilyslowly2.-ward“朝...方向”backwardforwardeastwardwestwardD.名词后缀：1.-ment“某事”agreementmoment disappointmenttreatment2.-ness“某事”happinessbusinesscarefulness3.-tion“某事”explanationsuggestiondictationprediction-er“人”buyer waiter westerner interviewer-or“人”actor sailor visitor conductor6.-ist“人”pianist scientist chemistartist7.-ess“女性、雌性”actressstewardessempresstigeress8.-ful“...的量”mouthfulhandfulteaspoonful9.-th“某事”truth lengthwarmthstrength10.-sion“某事” decisionconclusion11.-ee“人”,被动 intervieweeemployee12.-ian表示“人”musicianmagicianpoliticianphysician13.-er“某物”cookersharpenerstapler

实用标准文档-ance/-ence“某事”importance independanceattendancepatienceE.数词后缀-teen“十几”thirteen fifteen nineteen-ty“几十”thirty fifty ninty-th“第...”fifth sixth seventeenth一、用所给单词的适当形式填空基础练习Thelittlegirlwas (happy)abouthertorndress.2.1fyou (agree)withothers,youshouldcommunicatemorewiththem.3.1t's (polite)totalkloudlyinpublic.Hemusthave (understand)youforhedidn'tfollowyourdirectionscorrectly.Youhandwritingisterrible,please (write)itsoon.6.Ourteacheralways (courage)ustohelpeachotherinourstudy.7.1t'sagoodlearninghabitto (view)beforeclasses.Whodesignedthe (nation)flagofChina.Manytypesofplantsandflowersare (eat)inYunnan.What'sthedifferencebetweenBritishEnglishand (America)English.Itis (use)tocryoverspiltmilk.Theycalledoffthefootballmatchbecauseitwas (rain).Hewonthefirstprizebycheating.That's (fair).Who (cover)thegoldminehere?fortunately,hewasstill (live)afterthefiercebattle.Fewpeopleweresatisfiedwiththenursebecauseshewas (patient)topatients.hopethefootballmatchwillbe (play)forImissedit.feedthelittlebirdwitha (hand)ofrice.19.Itwas (believe)thatsuchahard-workingstudentfailedtheNCEE.Readingcan (broad)ourmind.He'sbeentoalotof (west)countriessofar.Hemadealotofmistakesintheexambecausehewastoo (care).Adictionaryisvery (help)inEnglishstudy.(China)peopleareconsidered (friend)to (visit)fromhomeandabroad.YunnanisThereisasmallYunnanisThereisasmall(wood)tableinthecentreoftheroom.HisnameisNoharaShinnosuke,he'sa (love)and (act)boy.Thefiremenwerewearing (fire)outfitswhichcanprotectthemfromthefire.Chewing (sugar)gumisnot (harm)toyourteeth.Theteacheragreedto (long)thetimesincetheexamwastoodifficult.Aslongasyouworkhard,youwillpasstheexammuchmore (easy).Walk (east)tillyouseeatreenearthelake.Guashaisa (treat)intraditionalChinesemedicine.Whatisreal (happy)?Thatistostaywiththosewhoyoucareabout.Couldyoupleasegivemesome (suggest)onmyEnglishstudy.FengXiaogangisoneofthemostpopularmovie (direct)inChina.The (art)giveusatalkonChinesepainting.The (steward)triedherbesttocomfortthefrightenedpassengersontheplane.Pleaseputa (teaspoon)ofsaltintogthesoup.Totellyouthe (true),hehasalreadymadehisown (decide).The (music)hadcomposedmanypieceofmusicattheageof16.Whichisthe (one)dayofaweek,MondayorSunday?Henoddedhis (agree).Apencil (sharp)isusedto (sharp)pencils.45.Itwasvery (self)ofhimtoeatthewholecakewithoutsharing.Moreandmorelawsaremadefortheinterestof (buy).Toour (disappoint),thefamous (write)didn'tcometoourschool.48.It's (comfort)tositbyafireonsuchafreezingday.49.It's (danger)tohangoutaloneatnight.50.Pleaselistentome (careful).拓展提咼1.Howcanasparrowunderstandthe (ambitious)ofaswan?2.1sn'titagreat (pleasant)tomeetfriendsfrom (far)?(relent)diseaseisengulfingyourhealthybraincells,andanewvegetablewillbeborn.Givingpresentsisoutof (fashionable)now,butfriendlyrelationsare (consider)veryimportant.Take (you)seriouslybutdonotgotoofar.Evenifitisnot (legal)tokill,Iwouldn'tkillanyone.MyconsciencewillbetorturedbytheguiltifIdo (something)toothers.Iammeantnottobeavillain,evenifItrytobeone.You'reso (distinguish),butI'mjustanordinaryperson.I'm(capable)of (get)evenahintofwhatyouarethinking.You (shame)wayisbeyondmy (imagine).MyadvantageisthatIamhandsome,butmy (advantage)isthatthe(handsome)isnotobvious.havetogoforan (enter)examinationandIneedtogobacktobooks.My (apologize).11.Isitoutofyour (expect)?curseyour (buy)instantnoodleswithoutflavoringbags.13.ltgoeswithout (say)that...(limit)dream, (bound)stage.Myworshiptoyouislikethe (surge)river,as,wellasthe(control)YellowRiverflood.Youusedtobearatangled (express),butnowitshrinkslikeaballoon.Lifeislikethesongof (disturb),whichisprofoundlyaffectingalthoughtherearenoexactwordsinit.Iwillstop (love)youwhenanapplegrowsonamangotreeonthe30dayofFebruary.Now,Iamnotas (attract)asbefore.Myhairisturninggrey,morewrinklesontheface,andthetwolily-whitefrontteethhavealreadyretiredwithhonor.Thatoldwomanis (ugly)thanyou.Ah,it'snotlikethat.Imeansheisnotas(ugly)asyou.Whoops,no,Ireallymeanthatyouare (ugly)thanher.(finish)wintervacationhomeworkmeansyouspendonemonth(do)itwell,andwhatyourteacherdoesis (write)aWELLDONE.Without (talk)big,Iusedtobean (attract)girlwiththineyebrowsandredlips.Manypeoplewere (attract)byme, (include)myneighbor,namedWuLaoer,whogot (tremble)themomenthesawme.MynameisGuoDegang,a (name)cross-talkerinChina.24.Intheexamination,theboythrewanervousglanceattheteacher,whowasobviouslysuspiciousofhis (cheat).Whatagrandsceneonthedayofautographsale!A (deaf)soundofgongsanddrums,firecrackerschirp,redflagsinthebreezeandaseaofpeople.thewildcrowdevenwedgedmeunderthetable, (leave)thepileofbooksinatotalmess.-Gossip,absolutegossip...any (lead)withoutnewsisnota (lead).Anycelebrity (with)scandalisnotacelebrity...Lifeisdifficult.(be)awomanisdifficult.- (be)anoldwomancelebrity...isdifficult.Bothmenanddemonshavetheirmothers,withtheonly (different)ofthatmen'smothersarewomanwhiledemons'mothersaredemons.(be)adevilisthesameas (be)ahuman.Thatistosaythatweshouldbekind.Ifwearekind,wearenotadevil,weareahybrid.Howmanybrothersandsistersdoyouhave?Areyourparents (live)?Hey,speakup!IjustwanttomakeanewfriendwhenI'mgoingtodie.-Whatisthemostscarypartofall?Youknow?Thatistodie (leave)yourmoney (use).-Whatismorescary?Thatistobe (leave)livingwithyourmoneygone.WhatIeatisnotnoodlesbut (lonely).Dearfriends,order (quick)by (pick)uplandlineormoblieormotororgeneratorbyyoursidetocallusthroughthehotline.-Ah,areyouhappyinthepastsixyears,sir?- (absolute).EverydayIsingtheduetwithmorethan10(marry)women...Ah!Weare (origin)fromthesamevillage.Youwere (feed)upbythemilletoffolks,andthebeardisfullofstories.Remember?-Whendidyoutwoget (marry)?-Weengagedin1958. - (probable)inwinter.Yourideaof (consume)isnotcorrect.Lookatme. (fame)brandallover-myshoes,Adidas;mypants,Pushkin;mydress,Clinton;andmybelt,Yeltsin.Yousee,inmybagareallworldfirst-classbrandcosmetics.WhatIuseisthesameasthatoftheAmericansingerMadonna.Hello,thisis (lend)youeyesand (guard)against (cheat)Hotline.Iamaseniorfool,Fan.Whatonearthislove,thatmakesloversvowtosticktogetherin (live)and (die)?Thereisalwaysonethingtoconquer (other).MoXiaobei,such (behave)ofyoursis (shame)!(extraodinary) (shame)!Helpmetotakecareofmy (seven)uncleandhis (three)niece.Great, (space)andbeautifulisourbelovedmotherland.(friend)islikeearthenware:once (break),canstillbemended.Mylifeis (pain)happy.Yourshameless (behave)quiterhymeswiththatof (I)onceuponatime.Thereisnorulethathasno (except).Pleaseenjoythepainifitis (avoid)o(honor)onyou, (honor)onyourcow.Thankyou,butIfoundyour (evil)isextremely (annoy).49.1'maslow (walk),butIneverwalkbackward.50.China'sfootballteamwas (quarlity)toenterthefinalsbysheerluck.二、补全句子。The (婚礼)guestlistiscompletelyuptoyourguys.2.Isthis (移民出境)ofintelligencetobecomean (问题)asabsorbingasthe (移民入境)ofstrongmuscle.You osupportthefamilyandIamformybeauty.Theseniorsweretoldtostop (示威)oncompus.Thehost (招待，娱乐)thecompanysince10:00inthemorning.- (时尚)isan— (态度).The (宁静)ofearlymorningis (给…留下印象的)。8.Inanageofplenty,wefeel (精神)hunger.Anyadviceand lywelcomedaboutthisbook.(无知)isthemotheroffearaswellasof (羡慕).Whata (天才)youare!Myduty,my (奉献),myhappiness.LookattheColonyofCraneswithwaterripplingallaround.Whata（天堂）itis!（智慧）everywhere.）notincluded.（质量）nevergoesoutofstyle.Beyondyour （想象力）.~ ergrows.-Excuseme,givemeadishof （寂寞）please.-Sorry,sir.Whatweonlyhaveis （空虚）.-Isn'tthere （幸福）orjoy?-Well,justsomefromthegraymarket.-Doyouhave （真心）.-Yeah.-Givemeone,please.Withsome .（诺言）-Today, （诺言）arenothingbutemptywords.E常）Cola. （非常）choice.三、首字母填空。Lazythesheepiswhatwewanttobe,bigbigwolfisthep husband.Abook,tightlys ,isbutablockofpaper.3.It'snotthefallthatkillsyou,it'sthes stopattheend.Everythingmakess whenwearetogether.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zWhetheryoubelieveitornot,Iamc .W oru ,you'llhavetogo.7.Itcannotbee indetails.Beggarscannotbec .Workfascinates me,Icanwatchitforhours.Ther oftheseaddszesttohislife.Youcanincuranythingbutt ,youcantouchoffanythingbute .Thespeedofrisingpricesalwayso savings.13.Sinceeveryoneelseisactingsos ,Ihavetoactlikeajoker.Toachievesalvation assoonasonegivesupevil.Englishhashurtmeat times,stillIr itasmyfirstlove.Confucius:Nonapnoon,b afternoon.Mencius:Confuciusisright.Guo:Mygreata istobeamanlikeyou,Dr.Lv.Lv:Likeme?Goodforn isascholar.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zGuo:Besidenothing,youhavegote .Thes ofthecomputeristhatitcannotmakecoffeeforyou.Moneyisnoteverything,buthavingnomoneyistotallyu .Aren'twefamiliars .二、对比联想记忆（一）同义词:abandon,desert,forsake,leave,giveup抛弃、放弃abandon:强调被迫或自愿永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等。desert:着重指违背法律责任和义务，或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。文案大全forsake:侧重断绝感情依恋，自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。leave:指舍弃某事或某一职业,或终止同某人的关系，但不涉及动机与结果。giveup:普通用语，侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。ability,capacity,capability,genius,talent,competence,faculty,gift,aptitude能力,才能ability:普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。capacity:侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智,尤指接受与领悟能力。capability:多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力,也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。常与of或for连用。genius:语气最强,指天赋的高度才能与智力。talent:着重指人某方面具有可发展和倍养的突出天赋才能，但语意比genius弱。competence:正式用词，指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。faculty:指特殊的才能或智力。gift:着重个人的天赋的才能或在某方面的显著本领，常暗含不能用一般规律作解释的意味。aptitude:多指先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力，常暗示接受能力强，能迅速掌握一种学术训练或艺术技巧。able,capable,competent有能力的，能干的able:最常用词，多用于褒义，着重指多方面的，经常性的，或潜在性的能力。有时也指高超、非凡的能力。capable:语气弱于able，指有能力、有潜力或有条件做某事，常与of连用。competent:强调具有能胜任某项工作的足够技能或其它所需的条件。abolish,cancel,repeal取消、废除abolish:正式用词，指彻底废除某种制度、规章或习俗。cancel:用法广泛，多指取消债务、合同、证书、比赛、旅行、计划或约会等。repeal书面用词，指撤销立法机关通过的协议、法案或法律等。about,around,round在周围、在附近about:既可表静态，也可表动态。around:主要用于美国，静态或动态均可。round:主要用于英国，多半指动态。above,on,over在……上above:一般指位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，也不接触另一物，其反义词是below。on:指与另一物表面相接触。over:—物在另一物的垂直上方，多暗示悬空，也指“覆盖于…之上”。其反义词是under。absorb,suck,digest,incorporate吸收absorb:普通用词，词义广泛，既可指吸收光、热、液体等具体东西，又可指吸收知识等抽象概念的东西。suck:作“吸收”解时，可与absorb换用，但还可有“吮吸”之意。digest:侧重在消化道内改变食物的化学结构后被人体吸收。incorporate:指一物或多物与它物相融合,形成一整体。实用标准文档absurd,ridiclous荒谬的absurd:普通用词，强调指违背常理的荒谬。ridiclous:强调荒谬到令人发笑的地步。abundant,plentiful,ample充分的、丰富的abundant:着重某物极为丰富有或大量的供应。plentiful:普通用词,指某物的数量多得称心如意，不过剩,但较少用于描写抽象之物。ample:指某物不仅满足了需要而且有余。accept,receive,admit,take接受、接纳accept:强调主动地或自愿地接受，或者说，经过考虑后同意接受。receive:着重仅仅接到或收到这一支轮船或事实，而不含采取主动或积极行动的意思。admit:作“接受”讲时，强调准许或批准。take与receive同意，是receive的日常用法,侧重不带主观意愿地收下或接受。accident,incident,event,occurrence,happening事故、事件accident:强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。incident:既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。event:可指任何大小事件，但尤指历史上的重大事件。occurrence和happening日常生活中发生的一般事件，有时也指偶然发生的事。accompany,conduct,attend,escort陪同，伴随accompany:既可指人也可指物。用于人时,侧重关系紧密或同时发生。conduct:无论用于人或物均指引导带领。attend:侧重主从关系，即下级对上级,学生对老师等，或表恭、服侍。escort:通常指用车或人在陆上伴随、护送,其目的是保护或出于礼节。accordingly,consequently,hence,so,therefore,thus因此，所以accordingly:书面用词，强调根据某种原因而得出的结果，其前可用冒号或分号,但不用逗号。consequently:正式用词，侧重符合逻辑的结果。hence:较正式用词，指接下来的东西是理所当然的必需的东西，但强调其重要性。so:用于比较随便的场合，口语中多用。therefore:通常指引出一个推断出的必然结论。thus:多用于书面语中，可与therefore换用。account,report报道，叙述account:普通用词，不如report正式,侧重对亲身经历或目睹之事所作的书面或口头的报道或叙述。report:正式用词,多指报刊上的报道,强调对情况经过调查或审核后作出的详尽叙述,具有一定权威性。accumulate,amass,collect,gather,heap,pile积聚，聚集accumulate:几乎可用于指任何事物量的增加，侧重连续不断地，一点一滴地聚积。amass着重大量地积聚，尤指对如金钱、珠宝等有价值东西的大量积聚。collect:普通用词,侧重指有区别地作选择或有安排有计划地把零散物集中起来。gather:普通用词,指人或物或抽象事物都可用。侧重于围绕一个中心的集合、聚集。实用标准文档heap:主要指把沙、石、煤、草等堆高,不强调整齐。pile:着重指比较整齐地把东西堆积在一起。accurate,exact,precise,right,true,correct准确的,正确的accurate:指通过谨慎的努力达到符合事实或实际，侧重不同程度的准确性，与事实无出入。exact:着重在质与量方面的准确,语气比accurate强。precise:侧重极端准确，更强调细节的精确无误。right:使用广泛，可与correct换用,但常暗示道德、理解、行动等方面的正确。true:暗指绝对准确，尤指复制品与原件丝毫不差。correct:最常用词，主要指按一定标准或规则来衡量，没有谬误和差错或无缺点错误。accuse,charge指控、谴责accuse:普通用词，正式或非正式场合，私人或法律上均可用。被指控的情节可轻可重。常与of连用。charge:常与accuse换用，但charge多指较严重的错误或罪行，而且往往向法庭提出正式起诉。ache,pain,sore疼、疼痛ache:指人体某一器官较持久的疼痛,常常是隐痛。pain:可与ache换用，但pain既可指一般疼痛，也可指剧痛，疼痛范围可以是局部或全身,时间可长可短。也可引申指精神上的痛苦。sore:指身体某部位的痛处，有是也指精神上的痛苦。acknowledge,admit,confess,recognize,concede承认acknowledge:通常指公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错。admit:强调因外力或良心驱使或经判断而明确承认，多含不情愿或被迫意味。confess:语气较强，着重承认自己意识到的错误或罪行,含坦白忏悔的意味。recognize:作“承认”解时，系书面用词，主要指合法的或外交上的承认，也指公认。concede:指在事实与证据面前勉强或不得不承认。acquire,obtain,gain,get,win,earn,secure获得、取得、得到acquire:强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。obtain:较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。gain:侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。get:普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。win:主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。earn:侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。secure:强调要通过努力或竞争,或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。across,along,over,through横过、穿过across:指“从……的一边到另一边”，强调横过,多与动态动词连用。along:指沿着一条直线在水平方向上运动。一般表动态，有时也与静态动词连用。over:常和动态动词连用,指“从......上面越过”或“横越”；表静态时，指“在彼处”。through:侧重从一端穿到另一端。实用标准文档act,action,deed,operation,performance行为、行动act:—般指具体的、短暂的或个别的行为,强调行为的完成及其效果。action:普通用词，着重行动的过程。deed:较庄重用词，除泛指各种行为外，还可用于指某种高尚或伟大的行为，故常译作“功绩,业绩”。operation:多指一连串行动或行为的完成方式。performance:主要指行动的方式方法。active,energetic,vigorous,brisk,lively积极的，活跃的active:指有活动能力,强调与消极或休止相反的积极活动状态。energetic:提精力充沛、奋力从事某事业。vigorous:指不仅表现积极、有生气，而且固有精力和活力十分旺盛。brisk:指动作敏捷、充满活力、轻快活泼地从事某项工作或活动。lively:侧重支轮船快，机智，有生气。actor,player,performer演员actor:指在舞台剧、影视剧或广播剧中以演出为职业的男演员，侧重扮演的角色。player:侧重指职业或业余舞台演员。performer:使用广泛，不仅可指舞台或影视演员，而且可指舞蹈演员、乐器演奏等的演员，侧重在观众面前的实际表演。adapt,adjust,conform,accommodate,suit,fit使适合，适应adapt:指人或物在原有情况下作某些改变以适应新的环境或不同的条件，强调改变的目的和重要性。adjust与adapt含义很接近，但adjust所改变的幅度要小一些，侧重过程，主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。conform:多指与某模式或规则相符,也引申指改变习惯等以适应新的环境。accommodate:书面用词，指以外部条件标准改变自己或某事以求得适应，着重改变或调节的有利。suit:指适合要求,从而使人满意愉快。fit:含义广，指人或物适合或适应某一目的或用途。addition,appendix,attachment,supplement,accessory附加物、增加物addition:仅强调数量的增加。appendix:指书末的附录。attachment:指用于扩大原物用途的附件。supplement:主要指使书、报等正广更完善而额外增加的部分。accessory:作“附件”解时，与attachment同义，可互换，但还指增加美观的附属品。additional,extra,supplementary另加的，额外的additional:由名词additon派生出的形容词，指在原有基础上添加上去的。extra:指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。supplementary:由名词supplement派生而来，指对原有的追加或补究。address,greet,salute,hail,welcome欢迎、致敬，致意，招呼实用标准文档address:侧重打招呼的方式或指所使用的称谓。greet:常指友好而热诚地欢迎。salute:正式用词，指用敬礼、亲吻或挥帽等动作向他人致意或问候，尤指以某种礼节欢迎某人。hail:主要指怀着敬意欢迎某人，侧重欢快轻松和嘈杂。也指隔得较远的高声招呼。welcome:多指热情的官方的或正式的迎接或欢迎，但也指一般的欢迎。address,speech,lecture,oration,report,talk演讲，讲话，报告address:正式用词，指在庄严隆重的场合作精心准备的演讲或正式演说。speech:普通用词,指一般的发言或讲话，可以是事先准备的，也可以是即席的。lecture:侧重带学术性的演讲。oration:常指在特殊场合，辞藻华丽，形式庄重，旨在激发听众感情的正式演说。report:一般是指下级给上级或负责人给委托机关的书面或口头报告。talk:常用词，强调非正式讲话，讲话方式一般较为自由。adequate,enough,sufficient足够的，充足的adequate:指数量上足够，质量上适当。enough:最普通用词，口语、书面语可用，较侧重分量或数量的足够，多指希望的满足。sufficient:正式用词，侧重数目或数量或程度达到某一特定要求或需要。admire,honour,respect,regard,esteem尊重、钦佩admire:侧重指对某人或某物的仰慕、钦佩,并含欣赏爱慕之情。honour:侧重指对某人或某物表示极大的敬意。respect:指对人的彳丁为、品德、才华或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指对年长或地位咼的人的尊敬。regard:最正式用词，中性，含义不很明确,一般需用修饰语加强或明确其意。esteem:除表示尊敬之外,还暗示由此而产生的称赞。advise,caution,warn,admonish,counsel劝告、忠告、警告advise:普通用词，泛指劝告,不涉及对方是否听从劝告。caution:主要指针对有潜在危险而提出的警告,含小心从事的意味。warn:含义与caution相同,但语气较重,尤指重后果。admonish:一般指年长者或领导对已犯错误的或有过失的人提出的忠告或警告以避免类似错误。counsel:正式用词,语气比advise强一些，侧重指对重要问题提出的劝告、建议或咨询。adult,grown-up,mature成年的，成熟的adult:一般指生理上的童年期已结束，达到法定年龄。grown-up:多用于口语，含义与adult基本相同，但更侧重脱离儿童阶段，已成大人，与childish意思相反。mature:用于生物时,指完全长好了。用于人时，指达到了生命的黄金时期，但所暗示的青少年和成年之间的界限不明显。advance,progress,proceed,moveon,go前进，彳进，进展advance:主要用于具体的人或物,也可指科学技术和运动等。progress:指按某一既定目标前进，取得发展,目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。实用标准文档proceed:侧重指继续前进。moveon:非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。go:最常用词，含义宽泛而不确切，依上文确定其具体意思。advantage,benefit,interest,favour,profit,gain利益、好处advantage:指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得利益与好处。benefit:普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。interes作“利益”解时，多用复数形式，既可指集团、群体的利益，又可指个人的利益。favour:指在竞争中获得的advantage，也可指在狭隘的个人利益。profit:着重收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利益。gain:指获得的物质利益，也暗示不损坏他人利益而得的无形好处。advice,opinion,progposal,suggestion,recommendation,view意见、建议advice:普通用词，侧重依据个人经验、学识和正确判断而提出的忠言。opinion:日常用词，泛指对某事物的想法和意见。progposal:指正式提出来供研究、采纳或实行的建议。suggestion:普通用词,语气比advice婉转客气,也不如proposal正式。着重为改进工作、解决困难等提出的建议，有时含所提建议不一定正确，仅供参考的意味。recommendation:指在自己经历的基础上而提出的有益建议、意见或忠告。view:侧重指对重大的或引起公众关注的问题所持的看法和态度。aeroplane,airplane,aircraft,plane,jet,helicopter飞机aeroplane和airplane专指普通飞机，不包括helicopter（直升飞机）。aeroplane为英国英语的拼法。airplane:为美国英语的用词。aircraft:常用作集体名词，也可指一架飞机，其含义包括直升飞机和飞艇等。plane:本义为“平面”,在航空专业里通常用aeroplaneoplane较通俗用词。jet:指喷气式飞机，也用jetplaneohelicopter:指直升飞机。affair,business,matter,concern,thing事情affair:含义较广，侧重指已发生或必须去做的任何事情或事务。复数形式多指重大或较复杂的事务。business:通常指较重要或较难而又必须承担的事情,也可指商事。matter:普通用词，着重指一件考虑中的或需要处理的事。concern:往往强调与个人或团体利害有直接或重大关系的事。thing:用作“事情”解时，词义较笼统、含糊，多用于指不很具体的事。affect,influence,impress影响affect:作主语通常是物而不是人，指一物对另一物产生的消极影响。influence:侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响，也可指自然力的影响。impress:强调影响既深刻又持久。affection,love,attachment爱、热爱affection:指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情，侧重感情的深沉。love:比affection的语气更强。表示一种难以控制的激情。实用标准文档attachment:通常用于书面文字中，既可指对某人某物的喜欢，又可指出自理智对某人或某物的热爱,尤指长时间的爱。afraid,fearful,awful,dreadful,frightful,terrible,horrible,terrific,appalling害怕的、可怕的afraid:指由于胆小或怯懦而不敢说或做某事。fearful:普通用词，既指外界情况变化而引起的恐惧，又指来自内心的害怕与焦虑。awful:指威严得令人害怕或敬畏,有一定的感情色彩。dreadful:指使人非常恐惧，毛骨悚然，也使人感到讨厌而退缩。frightful:指使人陷入短暂的惊恐或产生毛骨悚然的感觉。terrible:侧重指给人以长久的惊骇，极端的恐怖，令人难以忍受。horrible:指因骇人听闻的丑恶而令人毛骨悚然,着重厌恶的成分多于害怕。terrific:多指外表、形状或力量等的可怕。appalling:指既令害怕又使人惊异、胆寒。after,behind,atthebackof在…后面after和behind用来表地点时，前者强调的是顺序的先后，而后者侧重方向和位置的前后关系。请比较:Thestudentsatafterme.那个学生坐在我后面。(我坐在他前面)。Thestudentsatbehindme.那学生坐在我背后。after与behind用于指时间时，前者强调时间的先后顺序，而后者则着重于表示“落后……”或“迟于……”的概念。试比较:WhoruledafterJamesI?詹姆斯一世之后是谁统治的？Youarefortyminutesbehindschedule.你比规定的时间迟了40分钟。after多用于表示因时间上的先后而造成顺序的前后场合,behind则常用于仅指位置上的前后关系。请比较:Pleaseshutthedoorafteryou.请随手关门。Pleaseshutthedoorbehindyou.请关上你身后的门。atthebackof:这个前置词短语既可指具体的位置的先后，又可用于指抽象的概念。afterward(s),later后来，以后afterward(s)与later的不同之处有两点。l.afterwards指一整段时间之后，一般不分具体时间连用，而later常指一个具体的时间点之后°2.afterward(s)强调事物的先后顺序,而later侧重“迟、推迟”。age,epoch,era,period,times时期、时代age:常指具有显著特征或以某杰出人物命名的历史时代或时期。epoch:正式用词，侧重指以某重大事件或巨大变化为起点的新的历史时期。era:书面语用词，指历史上的纪元、年代，可与epoch和age互换,侧重时期的延续性和整个历程。period:最普通用词，概念广泛,时间长短不限，既可指任何一个历史时期，又可指个人或自然界的一个发展阶段。times:侧重某一特定时期。aggression,invasion,assault,attack,offensive进攻、侵略实用标准文档aggression:词义宽泛，既可指武装入侵别国领土，又可指文化、经济等方面的侵略。侧重敌意行动和征服的企图。invasion:多指具体的侵入或侵犯别国领土，也可用于指抽象事件。assault:主要指突然而猛烈的进攻。attack:普通用词,含义广，指事先不发警告,主动地向对方发起武力进攻或对言论等进行抨击。offensive:多指进攻的态势，常指大规模的协同军事行动。ago,before...以前ago:指从现在起往前推算一段时间,始终置于所修饰的词之后,与一般过去时连用。before:或指从过去某一时间起向前推算的若干时间的以前，通常与过去完成时连用；或泛指以前，并不具体指若干时间以前，可使用现在完成的或过去时；还可指从将来某一时间起的若干时间以前。agony,auguish,torment,torture,grief,misery,distress,sorrow苦恼、痛苦agony:侧重指精神或身体痛苦的剧烈程度。auguish:指精神方面令人难以忍受的极度痛苦；用于身体时，多指局部或暂时的痛苦。torment:强调烦恼或痛苦的长期性。torture:语气比toment强，指在精神或肉体上受到的折磨所产生的痛苦。grief:指由某种特殊处境或原因造成的强烈的感情上的苦恼与悲痛。misery:着重痛苦的可悲状态，多含不幸、可怜或悲哀的意味。distress:多指因思想上的压力紧张、恐惧、忧虑等所引起的精神上的痛苦，也可指某种灾难带来的痛苦。sorrow:语气比grief弱，指因不幸、损失或失望等所产生的悲伤。（二）反义词:above-after-all-alone-always-ask-question-back-bad-badly-beautiful-begin-best-better-big-black-borrowboth-break-busy-buy-certainly-cheap-clean-clever-cloudy-cold-come-cool-danger-dark-day-dead-death-die-down-dry-early-easy-fill-full-entrance-fall-far-fast-fine-first-foreign-forget-freeze-from-give-glad-poor-great-happy-easy-soft-love-here-

实用标准文档high-hold-holiday-ill-in-innocent-inside-into-kill-laugh-arrive-stay-left-wrong-heavy-dark-like(v)-like(adj)-find-win-many-catch-hit-more-most-move-much-messy-never-next-nobody-nothing-now-new-young-on(adj)-on(adv)-open-over-pain-pass-success-poor-pull-punish-rainy-wet-safe-same-serious-long-tall-social-sleep-smooth-start-strong-bring-give-puton-teach-fat-thick-town-true-war-warm-whole-win-wide-with-（三）同音词by--two--four-one-sea-meet-week-no-son-right-blue-eight-weather-pale-flower-dear-hear-I-high-there-hour-knew-wear-be-through-warn-past-pear-whose-whole-road-father-red-scene-aunt-knight-alltogether-heal-band-bare-brake-bread-peace-rose-cent-sail-cell-sauce-steal-complement-storydying-site-fare-vain-flaw-way-wait-fourth-wood-三、熟词联想记忆

实用标准文档coffer-coffeeboodle-noodlehound-soundfiend-friendderive-drivestrand-standfresh-fleshpray-preymeek-meetdoze-nosequeer-queenlaunch-lunchfurious-curiousaboard-boardbroad-abroadloom-room-broom四、合成联想记忆weekendweekdayheadachetoothacheskylinedeadlineoutlineunderlineoutcomeoutlooksidewalkfeedbackuploaddownloadairsickcarsickhomesickdragonflyfireflymasterpieceairportdaybreakgentlemanoutbreakpain-killerhandwritingeditor-in-chiefshe-wolftypewriterreading-roomflying-fishsnow-whiteEnglish-speakingman-madeface-to-faceone-wayhigh-classgrown-upgood-lookingwarm-hearted五、拆词联想记忆carpettenablecapacityhesitatemandateinnocentpastimehistorycandidatecostumeattendancemendacity六、谐音联想记忆ambitionambulancepestlobsterblondthiefobeypourdensecoughhowllawyersquarelietongueleisurechaossentimental七、拼音联想记忆guidechequedarechangebandage

实用标准文档八、搭配联想记忆1.bebebackbeinbeoutbegoodatbecarefulofbecoveredwithbereadyforbebusywithbebusydoingbesurprisedatbeinterestedinbebornbeonbeabletobearaidofbeafraidtobeafraidthatbeangrywithbeangryaboutbepleasedwithbefamousforbefamousasbestrictwithbefrombelateforbeworriedaboutbeworthdoingbehappytobemadeofbemadefrombemadebybemadeinbeproudofbefarfrombesatisfiedwith2.getgetongetupgetdressed3.comegetoffgeton/alongwithgetback2.getgetongetupgetdressed3.comegetoffgeton/alongwithgetbackcomeincomeacrosscomedowncomeovercomefromcomebackcometruecomeongetdowngetawaygetthroughgettogethercomeincomeacrosscomedowncomeovercomefromcomebackcometruecomeoncomeoutcometocomeupdoone'shomeworkdomorningexercisesdowellindoone'sbestdosomeshoppingdosomecleaningdosomereadinggivegivein giveupgiveaway givesb.sth givesb.ahandgivesb.acallgiveatalkgivebackgivelessonstogiveamessagetogogoawaygobackgoswimminggoongotothecinemagotocollegegotohospitalgofishinggoskatinggotheregoupstairsgodownstairsthelightsgooutgoonwith/doingsthgotoschoolgotobedgooutforawalkgohomegoawaygodowngoovergothroughgoouthavehavebreakfasthavelunchhavedinnerhaveclasseshavealookhaveameetinghaveaheadachehaveafeverhaveacoughhaveatalkhavesswimhaveawalkhaveasportsmeetinghaveatesthaveanexamhadbetterhadbetternothaveawordwithhavetohaveanideahavenoideahavearesthavetohaveanideahavenoideahavearesthaveagoodtime haveacold havesth.repairedhaveafootballmatchhaveatryhaveaglassofwaterhavesportshelphelpsb.withsthhelpsb.dosthhelponeselftohelpeachotherkeepkeepupwithkeepquietkeepsilientkeepadiarykeepone'sdiaryputputaway putdown putoffputon putintoputone'sheartintoputupputonweightputout11.look

lookupawordlookon...as...lookupawordlookon...as...lookdownuponlookforwardto12.makemakefriendswithmakeafacebemadeinbemadeofmaketeamakeroomformakeamistakemakeadecision实用标准文档lookatlookafterlookintolookforlookuplookovermakesb.dosth.makeafire13.takelooklike lookoutoflookaroundlookoutlookthroughmakeupone'smindbemadefrommakeanoisemakeupmakeupofmakesuremakealivingtakeofftakeexercisestakeyourtimetakeofftakeexercisestakeyourtimetaketurnstakecareoftakeouttakeplace takeone'splace taketheplaceof takeuptakearesttakeamessagefortakeiteasytakesth.withsb.takealookattakeanexamtakeawaytakebacktakeholdoftakepartintakephotostakeabustakeone'sadvicethinkofthinkaboutthinkover14.turnturnon turnoffturnover turnwhi