2021年高考全国卷1英语试题及答案

2021年高考全国卷1英语试题及答案下面是我为大家整理的2021年高考全国卷1英语试题及答案，希望能帮到大家，欢迎阅读参考。

2021年高考全国卷1英语试题及答案

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.whatwillJamesdotomorrow?

A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.

2.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?

A.Shesgenerour.B.Shescurious.C.Sheshelpful.

3.Whendoesthetraifleave?P.com

A.At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.

4.HowdoesthewonarsRwr?m

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike

5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatdoesthewomanregret?

A.Givingupherresearch.

B.Droppingoutofcollege.

C.Changinyhermajor.

7.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?

A.Ecology.B.Education.C.Chemistry.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatistheman?

A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.C.Ataxidriver.

9.whatisthemandoingforthewoman?

A.lookingforsomelocalfoods.

B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.

C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inanoffice.B.AthomeC.Atarestaurant.

11.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorowevening?

A.Gotoaconcert.B.VisitafriendC.workextrahours.

12.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?

A.Mike.B.JoanC.Catherine.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.whydoesthewomanmeettheman?

A.Tolookatanapartment.

B.Todeliversomefurniture.

C.Tohaveamealtogether.

14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?

A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsquality.

15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?

A.Itsagoodsize.B.Itsnewlypainted.C.Itsadequatelyequipped.

16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?

A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?

A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.

18.WhendidthespeakertakeEngishlclasses?wwn

A.Beforehelefthishometown.

B.AfterhecametoAmerica.

C.Whenhewas15yearsold.

19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?

A.Hesproud.B.Hessympathetic.C.Hesgrateful.

20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

A.Howeducationshapedhislife.

B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.

C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Washington,D.C.BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

DurationTour

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(4miles)

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.

Duration:3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.z.xxk

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(7miles)

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyourbikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomlikeTourinWashington,D.C.

B.WashingtoncapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?

A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.

C.MealsD.Safetylights

B

GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’sleantintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

"WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"sheexplains."Ipay£5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves."

Theeight-partseries(系列节自),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadalightbudgetforherfamily.

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingyourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess

C

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whenthetheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcentres,trade,industrialisation.thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation.Especiallyglbalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanyLanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish．SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages.Oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot.wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout1,000.Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6.000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.z.x.xk

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhuntergatherertimes?

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatters.D.Theywerecloselyconnected

29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2？

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.D.Modem.

30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6800B.About3400

C.About2.400D.About1-200

31.Whatistheminideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

BPeopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwereaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration—Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2021,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2021.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidntthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekidsroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,"saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2021.Werenotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbittsteam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2021window.

Sowhatsthesolution（解决方案）?Theteamsdataonlywentupto2021,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.

32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.

C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.

33.WhydidBabbittsteamconducttheresearch?

A.Toreducethecostofminerals.

B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.

C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.

D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?

A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.

C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.

35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?

A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.

C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign——somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.

38.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.

Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.

A.Whileallofthemareuseful

B.Whateveryou’relookingfor

C.Ifyou’reexperimentingwithacolor

D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith

E.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces

F.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime

G.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga"free"course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause，afterall,whodoesntwantto42afewdollars?Morethanthat,Idalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegames46.Icouldhardlywaitto47him.

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis48wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit49thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat53andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe54.

TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,Imstillputtingtousewhathe55me:“Theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood57.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手）isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.

41.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown

42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay

43.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired

44.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor

45.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant

46.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest

47.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat

48.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job

50.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe

51.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare

52.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally

53.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment

54.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation

55.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised

56.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill

57.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments

58.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control

59.A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate

60.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdonthavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregatesalstlycanntmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin202166showedamerefiveto10minutesAdayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).

Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise…itsprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyanditsalwa