同位语从句教案2023届高考英语一轮复习

专题四：同位语从句执笔人：李雨欣同位语从句的定义和功能同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或大事的从句。在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的详细内容。EG:ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatlakes.Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．I’veefromMrWangwithamessagethathecan'tvisityouthisafternoon.Ourteachergaveussomeadvicehowwe(should)usetheputer.Thenewsgotaboutthathehadwonacarinthelottery.Theordersooncamethatallcitizensshouldevacuatethevillage.ReporthasitthattheSmithsareleavingtown.Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.二、引导词英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that，whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词how,when,where等。〔注：if不能引导同位语从句〕That引导同位语从句that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。that不能省略，没有详细的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。〔注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略〕e.g.Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.〔作idea的同位语〕TIPS：在某些名词〔如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等〕后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气e.g.TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam.2〕whether〔注：if不能引导同位语从句〕e.g.Thequestionwhetherweshouldcallinaspecialistwasansweredbythefamilydoctor.连接代词what,who,whom,whose,whichEg：Ihavenoideawhatsizeshoesshewears.连接副词when,where,how,whyEg：Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.5〕先行词TIPS：．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question，thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。例如：①Theboywhoisplayingfootballismyclassmate．〔先行词是名词boy是详细名词，它不能用作同位语从句的先行词〕②Thosewhoworkhardwillsucceed．〔先行词是代词those，代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词〕③Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody．〔其先行词是名词fact，它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词，〕④Thefactthatyouaretalkingaboutisimportant．〔对fact的修饰，所以是定语从句〕由以上分析可见，同位语从句的先行词肯定可以用作定语从句的先行词，但定语从句的先行词不肯定能用作同位语从句的先行词。2．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词肯定分别是表示时间、地点和缘由的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词那么确定不是表示时间、地点和缘由的名词。例如：①IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing．〔是when引导的定语从句，其先行词day是表示时间的名词〕②Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback．〔是when引导的同位语从句，其先行词idea那么不是表示时间的名词〕特别形式：间隔同位语从句同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但有些状况下，由于句子结构的缘由，同位语从句不紧跟在名词后，而被其他的词隔开。e.g.AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomethatImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday简析：由于that从句太长，为防止句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句用适当的连接词填空Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.Ihavenoideawecandowiththesewastematerials.thedoctorreallydoubtsismymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousillnesssoon.Itishopednaturewillneverbedestroyed..____doyouguesswillgiveatalkonEnglishtomorrow?IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?Wordcame___Iwaswantedattheoffice.Doyouknowof