天津市北辰区高三下学期模拟考试英语试题

天津市北辰区2023年高考模拟考试试卷英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至10页，第Ⅱ卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置上粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利!第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55个小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthere________you’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是：B1.－Oh,myEnglishnovelismissing.－IsawTomleavingwith________,butI’mnotsurewhetherit’syours.A.one B.it C.some D.that【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：——哦，我的英文小说不见了。——我看见汤姆拿着一本离开，但我不确定是不是你的。A.one一个（泛指）；B.it它；C.some某些；D.that那个（特指）。根据句意可知，空格处意为“一本英文小说”，是同类异物泛指，应用one，相当于“anEnglishnovel”，故选A。2.DuringourtriptotheGreatWalllastweek,Icouldn’tstopthinkingthatbuildingit________havebeenahugeprojectinancienttimes.A.should B.must C.could D.need【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。A.should应该；B.must必须；C.could可能；D.need需要。根据句意可知，表示对过去情况肯定猜猜测用musthavedone，意为“一定是……”。故选B。3.—Areyoufeelinganybetter,Lucy?—Yes.Themedicinethedoctorgavemebrought________tomyheadache.A.safety B.shelter C.relief D.defense【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你感觉好些了吗，露西？——是的。医生给我的药让我的头疼缓解了。A.safety安全；B.shelter庇护所；C.relief缓解；D.defense保护。问句询问是否好些了，根据答句中的“Yes”和“myheadache”可知，这里是说头疼缓解了。故选C。4.－I’mgoingtoSanyaandstaythereforoveraweek.－________!IwishIcouldgetawayfrommybusystudyforawhile.A.Forgetit B.Goodluck C.Cheerup D.Luckyyou【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我打算去三亚，在那里呆一个多星期。——你真幸运！我希望我能暂时离开我繁忙的学习。A.Forgetit算了吧；B.Goodluck祝你好运；C.Cheerup振作起来；D.Luckyyou你真幸运。根据语境可知，“去三亚玩”是一件非常幸福幸运的事情，“你真幸运”符合语境。故选D。5.IknowsomethingaboutCharlie,forhe________inmybrother'scompanyforthreemonthslastyear.A.hadworked B.worked C.hadbeenworking D.wouldwork【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我对Charlie有些了解，因为他去年在我哥哥的公司工作了三个月。此空是动词作谓语，且根据时间状语lastyear，可知此处用一般过去时，故选B。6.Iwillkeepdrawingandseewhathappens.________Ineverbecomefamous,thisiswhatIlovetodoeveryhourofeveryday.A.Evenif B.Unless C.Solongas D.Nowthat【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：我继续画，看看会发生什么。即使我永远不会出名，这也是我每天每时每刻都喜欢做的事。A.evenif即使；B.unless除非；C.solongas只要；D.nowthat既然。根据前后两句可知是让步关系，evenif引导让步状语从句，“即使”符合句意，故选A项。7.________bymanypotentialcustomers,thesalesmanhadtogatherhiscourageandselltheproductindifferentways.A.Havingdenied B.DenyingC.Beingdenied D.Havingbeendenied【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于遭到许多潜在顾客的拒绝，推销员不得不鼓起勇气以不同的方式销售产品。动词deny和主语之间是被动关系，应用其非谓语动词的被动式作状语，排除AB项；动词deny所表达的动作“被拒绝”发生在谓语动作之前，故其现在分词的完成时的被动式，作状语，排除C项。故选D项。8.Trytobecheerfulandfunnyinlife,butwhenyou______work,trytobeasseriousasyoucan.A.makeupfor B.getdowntoC.comeupwith D.breakawayfrom【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：生活中要尽量开朗有趣，但当你开始工作时，要尽量严肃。A.makeupfor弥补；B.getdownto着手；C.comeupwith想出；D.breakawayfrom脱离。结合句意可知，此处是指开始工作时要严肃，用getdownto“着手”符合题意。故选B。9.WhenIsawmycatwaitingsadlyforthedogtoreturnatthegate,Isuddenlyrealized________closetherelationshipbetweenthemwas.A.that B.what C.how D.whether【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当我看到我的猫在门口悲伤地等待狗回来时，我突然意识到它们之间的关系是多么亲密。realize后是宾语从句，从句表语close“亲密的”置于主语之前，因此用连接副词how引导从句，howclose“多么亲密”。故选C。10.Effectivemeasuresshouldbetakento________endangeredanimalstoensurethatmorespeciesdon’tbecomeextinct.A.advocate B.reserveC.accumulate D.preserve【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该采取有效措施保护濒危动物，以确保更多的物种不会灭绝。A.advocatev.拥护；B.reservev.保留；C.accumulatev.积累，积聚；D.preservev.保护。结合句意可知，此处是指保护濒危动物。故选D。11.ABeijinggirlShangLinmadeuphermindtojointhearmy________acting;shegained10kginordertobecomeasoldier.A.incaseof B.inplaceofC.onbehalfof D.inexchangefor【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：北京女孩尚林决定从军代替演戏；为了当兵，她增重了10公斤。A.incaseof以防万一；B.inplaceof代替，取代；C.onbehalfof代表；D.inexchangefor为交换。根据句意，尚林应该是原来从事表演，现在改行参军。短语inplaceof符合语境。故选B项。12.Thisamusementparkwithalltheexcitingridesandotherfunactivities_____alsohometooutdoorconcertseverysummer.A.are B.havebeen C.is D.hasbeen【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致，句意：这家游乐园有着所有令人兴奋的游乐设施和其他有趣的活动，它还是每年夏天室外音乐会的举办地。主语为theamusementpark，并且everysummer提示用一般现在时，谓语为第三人称单数，用is，故选C。13.I’vebeendreamingofbecomingawritersinceIwasateenager,butitseemshardtogetabook_______.A.publishing B.havingpublishedC.published D.tobepublished【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我从十几岁起就梦想成为一名作家，但似乎很难出版一本书。根据句中谓语动词“seems”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作宾补，与“abook”之间形成被动关系，表示已发生的动作，应用过去分词形式。故选C。14.Haveyoueverdreamedofsinginginfrontofanaudienceofthousandsataconcert,_______everyoneisclappingandappreciatingyourmusic?A.who B.that C.which D.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你有没有梦想过在一场音乐会上，每个人都在鼓掌和欣赏你的音乐，你在成千上万的观众面前唱歌？分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为aconcert，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选D。15.－I’mstuck.Couldyoushowmehowtodothephysicsproblem?－Sorry._______.A.I’mhopelessatscience B.YoucansaythatagainC.That’snotmycupoftea D.It’snotmyturn【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我被难住了。你能教我怎么做这道物理题吗？——对不起。我对科学一窍不通。A.I’mhopelessatscience我对科学一窍不通；B.Youcansaythatagain说得好；C.That’snotmycupoftea那不是我喜欢的类型；D.It’snotmyturn还没轮到我。由Sorry可知，第二个说话人也不会做物理题，因此空格处意为“我对科学一窍不通”。故选A。第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AmericanauthorGaryHopkinstellsus,“Asuitableapologycanbeawonderfulthing,solongasitisfromtheheart.”However,anapologyis___16___tomake.Afewyearsago,Iwasaguest___17___ataconferenceforprofessionaltrainers.Iwaswell___18___,knowledgeableaboutthetopic,andIfeltconfidentasI___19___myspeech.Butafterwards,anexperiencedfemaledelegate___20___me.Weexchangedafewgreetings,andthenshedroppedsomethingunexpectedonme.Shesaid,“Doyouknowhowmanytimesyou___21___,fromthemomentyou___22___tothemicrophoneuntilthemomentyouleftthestage?”“Sorry,Idon’tknow,”Ireplied.“Ninetimes,”shesaid.“Andallofthemwereunnecessary.”Iwas___23___.Itwasthefirsttimesomeonehadevermademe___24___my“sorryhabit.”Sowhatwasthefirstwordoutofmymouth___25___?“Sorry!”Webothburstoutlaughing.Ofcourse,apologiesshouldn’tbe___26___thatway.Thisincidentraisedmyawarenessofhowweroutinelyuseapologies.Iknow___27___toapologizeisabigmistakeaswe’vemadeamistakeorwrongedsomeoneelse.Howtodoit?Firstandforemost,weneedtounderstandrealapologiesorwholeheartedlysaying“sorry”is___28___.It’slikeabig___29___intoarelationshipaccountandthere’snoalternativeforit.Actually,thereare___30___apologies,whicharetoolsofdodges(搪塞).Theyareawfulandweshouldstopthem.___31___,habitualapologiesareanunnecessaryautomaticresponse,asIevermadeattheconference.Generally,overapologizing___32___tohappenwhenthere’salackof___33___inyourposition,whichwillmakeothers___34___youorevengetunhappy.Soweneedtouseapologies___35___andourattitudemustbesincere.Refusingtoapologizeisabigmistake,andsoisoverapologizing.16.A.essential B.impossible C.reasonable D.difficult17.A.editor B.speaker C.worker D.member18.A.dressed B.prepared C.known D.equipped19.A.formed B.recalled C.delivered D.appreciated20.A.blamed B.praised C.discovered D.approached21.A.interrupted B.apologized C.stopped D.coughed22.A.caughton B.broughtout C.steppedon D.brokedown23.A.speechless B.hopeless C.confused D.frightened24.A.readyfor B.nervousabout C.carefulabout D.awareof25.A.inreply B.invain C.inreturn D.inplace26.A.ignored B.mentioned C.used D.accepted27.A.regretting B.failing C.pretending D.promising28.A.ridiculous B.impressive C.accessible D.crucial29.A.sale B.income C.deposit D.loss30.A.private B.false C.inadequate D.illegal31.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Nevertheless D.Instead32.A.expects B.continues C.deserves D.tends33.A.motivation B.confidence C.energy D.experience34.A.embarrass B.challenge C.misunderstand D.tolerate35.A.suitably B.normally C.directly D.frequently【答案】16.D17.B18.B19.C20.D21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.C27.B28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和一位女代表的交谈中，被提醒有过度道歉的情况。女代表的话让作者第一次意识到自己的问题，所以惊讶到无言以对，也让作者明白了：拒绝道歉和过度道歉是很大的错误，所以要适当地使用道歉。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，道歉是很难的。A.essential必不可少的；B.impossible不可能的；C.reasonable合情理的；D.difficult困难的。根据前文“Asuitableapologycanbeawonderfulthing,solongasitisfromtheheart.”以及本句“However”可知，前后为转折关系。发自内心的道歉是美好的，但是道歉是很难的。故选D。17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我在一个专业培训师会议上担任客座演讲者。A.editor编辑；B.speaker演讲者；C.worker工作人员；D.member成员。根据下文“asI4myspeech”可知，我是演讲者。故选B。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我准备得很充分，对这个话题也很了解，演讲时我很自信。A.dressed穿着……衣服的；B.prepared准备好的；C.known已知的；D.equipped准备好的。根据本句“knowledgeableaboutthetopic,andIfeltconfident”可知，我准备充分。故选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我准备得很充分，对这个话题也很了解，演讲时我很自信。A.formed形成；B.recalled回想起；C.delivered发表（演讲）；D.appreciated欣赏。根据空后宾语“myspeech”可知，为固定搭配deliveraspeech“发表演讲”。故选C。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来，一位经验丰富的女代表走近我。A.blamed责怪；B.praised表扬；C.discovered发现；D.approached走近。根据下文“Weexchangedafewgreetings”可知，我们互相打招呼，所以她走近我。故选D。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“你知道从你走上麦克风的那一刻起，直到你离开舞台，你道歉了多少次吗？”A.interrupted插嘴；B.apologized道歉；C.stopped停止；D.coughed咳嗽。根据后文“Itwasthefirsttimesomeonehadevermademe9my“sorryhabit.””可知，女代表问我是否知道自己道歉了多少次。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说：“你知道从你走向麦克风的那一刻起，直到你离开舞台，你道歉了多少次吗？”A.caughton变得流行；B.broughtout出版；C.steppedon走上；D.brokedown垮掉。根据本句“fromthemoment”以及“untilthemomentyouleftthestage”可知，此处是从上台到下台。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无言以对。A.speechless无言以对的；B.hopeless绝望的；C.confused困惑的；D.frightened害怕的。根据前文““Ninetimes,”shesaid.“Andallofthemwereunnecessary.””以及后文““Itwasthefirsttimesomeonehadevermademe9my“sorryhabit.””可知，女代表的话让我第一次意识到我的问题，所以惊讶到无言以对。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：这是第一次有人让我意识到我的“道歉习惯”。A.readyfor为……做准备；B.nervousabout对……紧张；C.carefulabout小心；D.awareof意识到。根据前文““Ninetimes,”shesaid.“Andallofthemwereunnecessary.””可知，女代表的话让我第一次意识到我的问题。故选D。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我回答的第一个字是什么？A.inreply作为答复；B.invain徒劳地；C.inreturn作为回报；D.inplace适当的；根据下文“Sorry!”可知，这是针对问句的回答。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，道歉不应该用这种方式。A.ignored忽略；B.mentioned提及；C.used使用；D.accepted接受；根据“shesaid.“Andallofthemwereunnecessary.””可知，我使用的道歉方式是不对的。故选C。【27题详解】考查动名词词词义辨析。句意：我知道不道歉是一个很大的错误，因为我们犯了一个错误或冤枉了别人。A.regretting后悔；B.failing未能做；C.pretending假装；D.promising承诺。根据本句“aswe’vemadeamistake”以及空后“isabigmistake”可知，我们犯了错应该道歉，所以不道歉是错误的。故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，我们需要明白真正的道歉或全心全意地说“对不起”是至关重要的。A.ridiculous荒谬的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.accessible可达到的；D.crucial至关重要的。根据下文“there’snoalternativeforit”可知，道歉不可代替，所以真正的道歉是至关重要的。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词词义辨析。句意：这就像在关系账户里存了一大笔钱，而且没有其他选择。A.sale销售；B.income收入；C.deposit存款；D.loss损失。根据空后“arelationshipaccount”可知，本句使用了比喻，在关系账户里存上道歉存款。故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有虚假的道歉，这是搪塞的工具。A.private私人的；B.false虚假的；C.inadequate不充分的；D.illegal违法的。根据本句中的定语从句“whicharetoolsofdodges(搪塞)”可知，搪塞工具应是不真诚的虚假道歉。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，习惯性的道歉是一种不必要的自动反应，就像我在会议上所做的那样。A.Besides此外；B.Therefore因此；C.Nevertheless然而；D.Instead代替。根据前文“Actually,thereare15apologies,whicharetoolsofdodges(搪塞).Theyareawfulandweshouldstopthem.”可知，虚假的道歉，我们应阻止。此外，习惯性道歉也是不必要的。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，过度道歉往往发生在你对自己的地位缺乏信心的时候，这会让别人误解你，甚至不开心。A.expects期待；B.continues继续；C.deserves值得；D.tends往往会。根据“whenthere’salackof18inyourposition”可知，当你缺乏自信的时候，过度道歉就往往会发生。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，过度道歉往往发生在你对自己的地位缺乏信心的时候，这会让别人误解你，甚至不开心。A.motivation动机；B.confidence信心；C.energy精力；D.experience经历。根据前文“overapologizing17tohappen”可知，当缺乏信心时，道歉发生。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，过度道歉往往发生在你对自己的地位缺乏信心的时候，这会让别人误解你，甚至不开心。A.embarrass使尴尬；B.challenge挑战；C.misunderstand误解；D.tolerate容忍。根据本句“overapologizing17tohappenwhenthere’salackof18inyourposition”可知，缺乏信心导致的道歉会让别人误解你。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们需要适当地使用道歉，我们的态度必须真诚。A.suitably适当地；B.normally正常地；C.directly直接地；D.frequently频繁地。根据后文“Refusingtoapologizeisabigmistake,andsoisoverapologizing.”可知，拒绝道歉和过度道歉是很大的错误，所以要适当地使用道歉。故选A。第二部分：阅读理解(共20个小题;每小题分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANationalMusicTheaterCompetitionThe2024NationalMusicTheaterCompetition(NMTC)willbeheld.Itwaslaunchedin2011asthefirstnationalcompetitionfortheemergingprofessionalmusictheatersoloist(独唱者).NMTChasprovidedindustryconnectionsforpastcompetitorsandwinnersthathaveledtotheirsuccessonBroadwayandothervenues.Prizes(eachprizeonlyforaperson)Thechampion:$5,000plusaconcertatthenextnationalconferenceofNationalAssociationofTeachersofSinging(NATS),a$1,000GiftCertificatefromHalLeonard,aCareerManagementServicespackagefromStageDoorConnections.Therunner-up:$2,500plusa$500GiftCertificatefromHalLeonard.Thethirdplace:LouiseLerchPrize;$1,000cashprize.Thefourthplace:BillHayesPrize;$750cashprize.QualificationSingersagedfrom20to28asofSeptember15,2023.EntranceProcedureApplicationrequiresafeeof$900,butforthesestudentsofNATSmembersthefeeis$75.Applicationfeesduetocancellationbytheapplicantwon’tbereturned.AllapplicationmaterialsmustbesubmittedbySeptember15,2023.Ifyouareplanningtosubmityourapplicationfortheonlineround,youmustcompletethesubmissionbySeptember15,2023,butyou’llhave30daysafterthedeadlinetouploadyouraudition(试唱)videos.Lateorincompleteapplicationswillnotbeconsidered.WheretoAuditionThepreliminary(预选的)roundLiveauditions:November1to10,2023inNewYorkCity.Onlineauditions:VideosubmissiondeadlineisOctober15,2023.SemifinalandfinalroundsLiveauditions:Thesemifinalround:January3to9,2024;thefinalround:January15to20,2024.ThesemifinalandfinalroundswillbeheldinNewYorkCityaspartofthe2024NATSWinterWorkshop.36.WhywastheNationalMusicTheaterCompetitionlaunched?A.Tomakepeoplelikemusic.B.Topromotetheleisureindustry.C.TopopularizeBroadwaymusicals.D.Toseekpromisingtalents.37.Whatwillthepersoncomingsecondinthecompetitionget?A.A$500GiftCertificateandLouiseLerchPrize.B.$2,500inprizemoneyandaGiftCertificate.C.ACareerManagementServicespackage.D.Achancetoperformataconcert.38.Whichofthefollowingisanecessityforparticipatinginthecompetition?ABeingatleast28yearsold.B.ApplyingformembershipofNATS.C.Submittingapplicationmaterialsontime.D.UploadingauditionvideosbySeptember15.39.Whatdoyouknowaboutthecompetition?A.CompetitorscanenterthesemifinalroundonJanuary18,2024.B.Bothonlineandliveauditionsareavailableinanyround.C.Therearethreeroundsinthecompetitionintotal.D.ApplicationsubmissiondeadlineisOctober15,2023.40.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoexploretheirpotentialinmusic.BToattractyoungsingerstoapplyforthecompetition.C.ToappealtoyoungsingerstobecomeNATSmembers.D.Toencouragepeopletoenterthemusicalindustry.【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.C40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了全国音乐戏剧大赛。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Itwaslaunchedin2011asthefirstnationalcompetitionfortheemergingprofessionalmusictheatersoloist(独唱者).NMTChasprovidedindustryconnectionsforpastcompetitorsandwinnersthathaveledtotheirsuccessonBroadwayandothervenues.(它于2011年推出，是第一届全国性的新兴职业音乐剧院独奏比赛。NMTC为过去的竞争对手和获胜者提供了行业联系，这使他们在百老汇和其他场所取得了成功)”可推知，举办全国音乐戏剧比赛的目的是寻找有音乐天赋的人。故选D。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Prizes(eachprizeonlyforaperson)部分的“Therunner-up:$2,500plusa$500GiftCertificatefromHalLeonard.(亚军：2500美元外加HalLeonard赠送的500美元礼券)”可知，第二名会获得2500美元的奖金和500美元礼券。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据EntranceProcedure部分“AllapplicationmaterialsmustbesubmittedbySeptember15,2023.(所有申请材料必须在2023年9月15日前提交)”可知，参加比赛的要求之一是按时提交申请材料。故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据WheretoAudition部分的“Thepreliminary(预选的)round(预选赛)”和“Semifinalandfinalrounds(半决赛和决赛)”可知，比赛总共有三轮。故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“The2024NationalMusicTheaterCompetition(NMTC)willbeheld.Itwaslaunchedin2011asthefirstnationalcompetitionfortheemergingprofessionalmusictheatersoloist(独唱者).NMTChasprovidedindustryconnectionsforpastcompetitorsandwinnersthathaveledtotheirsuccessonBroadwayandothervenues.(2024年全国音乐剧院大赛（NMTC）将举行。它于2011年推出，是第一届全国性的新兴职业音乐剧院独奏比赛。NMTC为过去的竞争对手和获胜者提供了行业联系，这使他们在百老汇和其他场所取得了成功)”和Qualification部分的“Singersagedfrom20to28asofSeptember15,2023.(截至2023年9月15日，年龄在20岁至28岁之间的歌手)”并结合Prizes部分的叙述推知，作者写作本文的目的是吸引年轻歌手来参加比赛。故选B。BIfNatalieMoraleshadtodescribehermominjustoneword,shewouldpick:survivor.That’sbecausehermom,PenelopeMoraleshadatoughchildhood.“Hermotherwasn’treadytobeamomandgaveheruptohergrandmother,”saysNatalie,“Ithinksheoftenfeltinlifelikeshewasn’twantedandwasn’tloved.”PenelopeMoralesputherselfthroughcollegeanditwastherethatshemetNatalie’sdad,whowasservinginthemilitary.Theyfellinloveandmarried,andherlifeasamilitarymomofthreechildrenbecameagreatadventure.“Shebasicallyraisedusmovingfromplacetoplace.IwasborninTaiwan,China,butwelivedinPanama,BrazilandSpain.Andmymomwastheconstant,”saysNatalie,“Shewouldalwaysmakesurethatwhenwegothomefromschool,wefeltlikewehadournumber-onefan,ourchampionrightthere,waitingforus.”Alongtheway,Natalielearnedmanythingsfromhermother,whichshecarriesoninherroleasamotheroftwosons.AsaMother’sDaygift,Natalietreatedhermomtoadayofpampering(宠爱).“Iwantmymomtofeellikeaqueen,”shesays.Andaspartofthesurprise,Nataliebroughtalonganoldphotoofhermother,whichshewantedtorecreate.“Ithinkitwastakeninthemid-60s.Soshewasinherearlytomidtwenties.She’sjustabsolutelyabeautifulwoman.Butshe’slookinginthemirror.It’slikenotknowingreallyherfuture,butknowingwhereshe’scomefrom,”describesNatalie.“Thatpicturejustspeakssomuchtome.Iwanthertoseewhatshecreatedinthatmirror,andthatshegaveusallsomethingsogreat.”“It’sjustanamazingexperiencetotakethispictureandhaveNataliedoit.Icouldneverimagineinmyentirelife,”saysPenelopeMorales,whoaddsthatshe’sveryproudofherdaughter,“AllIwantheristobehappyandtoraiseherchildrenthesameway,”shesays.41.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNatalie’smother?A.Shesurvivedanadventurefortunately.B.Hermothergaveherupbecauseofpoverty.C.Atcollegeshemetherhusband,aschoolmate.D.Hermotherfeltthatshewasnothing.42WhatdidNatalielearnfromhermother?A.Givingchildrengreatlove.B.Movinghouseconstantly.C.Alwayspickingupchildrenfromschool.D.Oftentakingchildrenonadventures.43.WhatdidNataliedoonMother’sDay?A.Shetreatedhermothertoabigmeal.B.Shetookhermothertotakepictures.C.Shepleasedhermotherbypolishinganoldphoto.D.Shegavehermotherabigsurprisewithhersons.44.WhatcanwesayaboutthegiftNataliegavehermother?A.Itwasexpected.B.Itwasasuccess.CItmadehermotherdependentonher.D.Itbroughttearstohermother’seyes.45.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthepassage?A.Natalielovesandrespectshermotherverymuch.B.Natalie’smotherhassufferedtoomuchallherlife.C.Natalie’smotherthinkshighlyofherdaughter’sgift.D.Natalie’s“survivor”momdeservesthespecialMother’sDaygift.【答案】41.D42.A43.C44.B45.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了娜塔莉的母亲的个人经历以及对孩子的爱，受到母亲的影响，作者也将对孩子的爱延续下去。在母亲节这天，娜塔莉翻新了母亲年轻时的照片，母亲很是高兴。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ithinksheoftenfeltinlifelikeshewasn’twantedandwasn’tloved.”（我想她在生活中经常觉得自己不被需要，也不被爱）可知，关于娜塔莉的母亲，我们可以推断出她母亲觉得自己不重要。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Shewouldalwaysmakesurethatwhenwegothomefromschool,wefeltlikewehadournumber-onefan,ourchampionrightthere,waitingforus.”Alongtheway,Natalielearnedmanythingsfromhermother,whichshecarriesoninherroleasamotheroftwosons.”（“她总是确保当我们从学校回家时，我们觉得我们的头号粉丝，我们的冠军就在那里等着我们。”一路走来，娜塔莉从母亲那里学到了很多东西，作为两个儿子的母亲，她把这些东西继承了下来）可知，娜塔莉从她母亲那里学到给予孩子极大的爱。故选A项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Andaspartofthesurprise,Nataliebroughtalonganoldphotoofhermother,whichshewantedtorecreate.“Ithinkitwastakeninthemid-60s.Soshewasinherearlytomidtwenties.She’sjustabsolutelyabeautifulwoman.”（作为惊喜的一部分，娜塔莉带来了一张她母亲的老照片，她想重现这张照片。“我想这是在60年代中期拍摄的。所以她在二十出头到二十五岁左右。她绝对是个漂亮的女人。”）可知，娜塔莉在母亲节翻新了母亲的照片。故选C项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’sjustanamazingexperiencetotakethispictureandhaveNataliedoit.Icouldneverimagineinmyentirelife,”saysPenelopeMorales,whoaddsthatshe’sveryproudofherdaughter,“AllIwantheristobehappyandtoraiseherchildrenthesameway,”shesays.”（娜塔莉翻新这张照片，这真是一次奇妙的经历。佩内洛普·莫拉莱斯说，她为自己的女儿感到非常骄傲。她说：“我只想让她快乐，用同样的方式抚养她的孩子。”）可知，关于娜塔莉送给她母亲的礼物的很成功的。故选B项。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“IfNatalieMoraleshadtodescribehermominjustoneword,shewouldpick:survivor.”（如果娜塔莉·莫拉莱斯必须用一个词来形容她的母亲，她会选择：幸存者）根据第三段“AsaMother’sDaygift,Natalietreatedhermomtoadayofpampering(宠爱).“Iwantmymomtofeellikeaqueen,”shesays.Andaspartofthesurprise,Nataliebroughtalonganoldphotoofhermother,whichshewantedtorecreate.”（作为母亲节的礼物，娜塔莉让妈妈享受了一天的呵护。“我想让我妈妈感觉自己像个女王，”她说。作为惊喜的一部分，娜塔莉带来了一张她母亲的老照片，她想翻新这张照片）可知，短文叙述娜塔莉的母亲的个人经历以及对孩子的爱，受到母亲的影响，作者也将对孩子的爱延续下去。在母亲节这天，娜塔莉翻新了母亲年轻时的照片，母亲很是高兴。所以短文告诉我们娜塔莉的“幸存者”妈妈值得得到这份特别的母亲节礼物。故选D项。CCanaries,akindofsmallyellowsongbirds,aremoresensitivetocarbonmonoxide(CO)thanpeopleare.Thustheywereroutinelytakenintominesasmenwentabouttheirworkofminingforcoal.COcouldquicklypoisonmanyminersbeforetheyevenknewwhatwashappening.Ifacanarystoppedsinging,thiswasanindicatorofrisingCOlevels.Nowecologiststhinkthey’vefounda“canary”thatcouldpredictpossibledisasterfortropical(热带的)ecosystems—thecricket(asmallbrownjumpinginsect).Cricketsaretiny,presentinlargenumbersand,mostimportantly,noisy.Thechirps(唧唧叫声)ofindividualspeciesareidentifiablydifferent.Researchershadpreviouslywonderedifecosystemsmightbemonitoredbylisteningtohowthesoundsoftheircricketschangeovertime.AmandineGascandhercolleaguesstudiedcricketpopulationsonGrandeTerreIslandinNewCaledonia,wheremultipleecosystemsoftenexistveryneartoeachother.Theycollectedcricketsat12samplingsites.Fourwerehealthyforestsites,fourwereshrubland(灌木地)areas,whichisoftencreatedwhenpeoplecutdownforests,andfourwereshrublandareasthatwereturningintoforestsagain.Theylistenedforinsectsinsquarezonesandranten30-minutecollectionsessionsateachsite.Dr.Gascdescribedhoweachecosystemhad,ineffect,adistinct“cricketfingerprint”.Speciesrichnessvariesconsiderablyamongthedifferentenvironments.Ofthe20cricketspeciesfoundinthehealthyforest,12wereuniquetothathabitatalone,2ofthe15speciesfoundintransitioningforestswereuniquetothishabitatand3ofthe7shrublandspecieswereuniquetoshrubland.Justbylookingatthecricketsfoundinagivenlocation,theteamfoundthatitwaspossibletodeterminewhethertheywerelookingatshrubland,forestorshrublandthatwaschangingintotheforest.Therewasnoneedtoexaminetheothersurroundingplantsoranimals.What’smore,Dr.Gasc’steamfoundeachhabitatcontainedcricketspeciesthatgeneratedtheiridentifiablechirps.Thissuggeststhatsettingupaudiorecordersinforeststhatpickupcricketcallswillbeaneasy,cheapandaccuratewaytodetecttheearlystagesofchangeintropicalecosystems.46.Whydidminerstakethecanaryintomines?A.TobringdownCOlevels.B.Topromotetheirworkefficiency.C.Toofferthemsomeentertainment.D.Toremindthemofthepotentialdanger.47.HowdidDr.Gascandhercolleaguescarryouttheirstudy?A.Byanalyzing“cricketfingerprints”.B.Bycomparingplantsindifferentzones.C.Byobservingthechangesinlandscapes.D.Byreferringtopreviousfindingsoncrickets.48.WhatconclusionmayDr.Gascandhercolleaguesdrawfromtheirstudy?A.Healthyforestsmayattractfittercrickets.B.Cricketsaresuitabletobeindicatorsinmines.C.Differentspeciesofcricketsmaysounddifferentalarms.D.Thespeciesofcricketsarestronglyrelatedtotheenvironment.49.What’sthepointofDr.Gasc’sstudyingcrickets?A.Toenrichthemethodsofmonitoringthecrickets.B.Toarousepeople’sawarenessofprotectingcrickets.C.Tocorrectthepreviouswrongrecognitionofcrickets.D.Tohelphumanseasilymonitorenvironmentalchanges.50.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canaries:miners’goodhelpers.B.Howcricketsaredistributedintropicalareas.C.Crickets:anearlyindicatoroftropicalecosystemhealth.D.WhycricketchirpsarecollectedonGrandeTerreIsland.【答案】46.D47.A48.D49.D50.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，通过观测蟋蟀的叫声，可以监测热带生态系统变化的早期阶段。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Canaries,akindofsmallyellowsongbirds,aremoresensitivetocarbonmonoxide(CO)thanpeopleare.Thustheywereroutinelytakenintominesasmenwentabouttheirworkofminingforcoal.COcouldquicklypoisonmanyminersbeforetheyevenknewwhatwashappening.Ifacanarystoppedsinging,thiswasanindicatorofrisingCOlevels.”（金丝雀是一种黄色的小型鸣禽，对一氧化碳（CO）比人更敏感。因此，当人们开始开采煤炭时，它们经常被带进矿井。一氧化碳可以迅速毒害许多矿工，甚至在他们知道发生了什么之前。如果金丝雀停止唱歌，这是一氧化碳水平上升的迹象）可知，金丝雀对一氧化碳比人更敏感，金丝雀停止唱歌是一氧化碳水平上升的迹象，可以提醒矿工注意潜在的危险。由此可知，矿工们把金丝雀带进矿井是为了提醒他们注意潜在的危险。故选D项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Dr.Gascdescribedhoweachecosystemhad,ineffect,adistinct“cricketfingerprint”.Speciesrichnessvariesconsiderablyamongthedifferentenvironments.”（Gasc博士描述了每个生态系统实际上是如何具有独特的“蟋蟀指纹”的。不同环境的物种丰富度差异很大）可知，Gasc和她的同事通过分析“蟋蟀指纹”来了解不同环境的物种丰富度。由此可知，Gasc和她的同事通过分析“蟋蟀指纹”来进行研究。故选A项。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Ofthe20cricketspeciesfoundinthehealthyforest,12wereuniquetothathabitatalone,2ofthe15speciesfoundintransitioningforestswereuniquetothishabitatand3ofthe7shrublandspecieswereuniquetoshrubland.”（在健康森林中发现的20种蟋蟀中，仅该栖息地就有12种是独特的，在过渡森林中发现15种蟋蟀中有2种是该栖息地特有的，7种灌木林中发现的蟋蟀中有3种是灌木林特有的）可知，健康森林、过渡森林和灌木林中发现的蟋蟀种类不同，由此可知，Gasc博士和她的同事们可以从研究中得知蟋蟀的种类与环境密切相关。故选D项。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Thissuggeststhatsettingupaudiorecordersinforeststhatpickupcricketcallswillbeaneasy,cheapandaccuratewaytodetecttheearlystagesofchangeintropicalecosystems.”（这表明，在森林中设置录音机来接收蟋蟀的叫声，将是一种简单、廉价和准确的方法，可以检测热带生态系统变化的早期阶段）可知，Gasc博士研究蟋蟀的结论表明观测蟋蟀的叫声将是一种简单、廉价和准确的监测环境变化的方法。由此