2019学年行知中学高三上英语第一次月考

2019届高三（上） randLeavingchildhoodandheadingintoadulthoodisaphysicalandemotionalprocessforteenagers.Growingupisdifficultintermsofhealthaswell.Asateenager,youneedtounderstand21isgoingonwithyourbody,howtohandlethosechanges,andhowtostarttakingresponsibilityforyourownhealth.Puberty（oradolence）isamysteriousword.Uponpronunciation,italmostsoundsembarrassed.Butitisreallynothingtobeshy22.Afterall,everyonegoesthroughit.Ayoung maybegindevelopmentat8yearsofage,whileanothermaynotshowsignsofdevelopmentuntilfourteenorfifteen.Generally,girlstend23（enter）pubertytwoyearsaheadofboys.Forbothes,pubertyisusuallycompletebyageeighteen.Itisduringtheseyears24yourvoicesdeepenpimples（粉刺）Forone,it25havesomethingtodowithyourhormones;whereasfor26itmaycomefromyourchangingrelationshipswithpeople27（involve，oryourongoingpressurefrompeers.Pubertyisimportantforallboysandgirls,whichmaygreatlyinfluence alities,particularlyforgirls.Researchfindingsshowthattheadolescentgirls28（undergo）asignificantdropinsell-confidencemayfeel29（insecure）abouttheirownjudgmentandemotions.Yet,theyareusuallyreluctanttoltheirparentsandteachersabouttheirfeelings.Therefore,adolescentgirlsshouldbeencouragedtodiscussthingswithtrustedadultstocopewithsuchnaturaldevelopmentaldifficulties30theymeetwithintheir alandschoollife.Goodadviceattherighttimecanleadtopositiveandproductiveresults.A. B.A. B.E. I. J.C. D.G. H.K.Yawnsareyoungandwealthybutnormal.Theyaremenandwomenintheir30sand40swhohave multimillionairesandbillionairesduringthewealth31ofthepastdecade.YetratherthanspendingtheirmoneyonYachts,boatsandjets,theydrivehybridcars,iftheydriveatall,shopatlocalstores,iftheyshopatallandpayofftheircreditcardseverymonth,iftheyusethematall.Theymayhave32 e,butwhatevertheymake,theylivebelowtheirmeans,inaconsciousefforttotread33ontheearth.YawnsrefertoanincreasingnumberofrichyoungBritons34aware,concernedabouttheenvironmentandgivenlessto35thantogivingmoneytocharity.Yawnssounddull,buttheyarethenewmoversandshakerstheir36bigandbold.Theywantnothinglessthanto37theworldandsavethenet.TakeSeanBlagsvedt,whomovedfromSeattletoin2004tohelpbuildthelocalofficeofResearch.Movedbyyoungchildrenbeggingonthestreets,Blagsvedtquitand38twonetworking .tolink’svastpoolof39workerswiththepeoplewhoneedlabor.Thelargergoal—toreduce40.Nowomancanbetoorichortoothin.ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorindicatesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinis41suchavirtue.Theproblemwithsuchaviewisthatsomepeopleactuallyattempttolivebyit.Imyselfhavedreamsofslipintonarrowdesignerclothes.42,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter－orworse－partofmylife.Beingrichwouldn'tbebadeither,butthatwon'thappenunlessanunknownrelativediessuddenlyinsomedistantland,43memillionsofWheredidwegooffthetrack?Whendideatingbutter easin,andalittlebitofextrafleshunappealing,ifnotrepellent?AllreligionshavecertaindayswhenpeoplerefrainfromeatingandexcessiveeatingisoneofChristianity'ssevendeadlysins.44,untilquiterecently,mostpeoplehadaproblemgettingenoughtoeat.Insomereligiousgroups,wealthwasa45ofhighmorals,andfatnessasignofwealthandwell-being.Todaythe46istrue.Wehave47tothinnessasournewmarkofvirtue.Theresultisthatbeingfat–orevenonlysomewhatoverweight－isbadbecauseitimpliesa48ofmoralstrength.Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalso49byhealthconcerns.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehave50peoplethaneverbefore,andthat,inmanycases,beingoverweightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldisease.These51,however,mayhaveasmuchtodowithourwayoflifeandourhigh-fatdietsaswithexcessweight.Andtheassociatedriskofcancerinthedigestivesystemmaybemoreofadietaryproblem--toomuchfatandalackoffiber--thanaweightproblem.Thereal52,then,isnotwhatweweighttoomuch,butthatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreat53isnecessaryforstrongbonesandbothheartandlunghealth.Abalanceddietwithoutalotoffatcanalsohelpthebodyavoidmanydiseases.Weshouldsurelystoppayingsomuchattentionto54.Simplybeingthinisnotenough.Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthus55payingattentiontotheiroveralllife－style.Thinnesscanbepurevainglory.41.A. B. C. D.42.A. B. C. D.43.A. B. C. D.44.A. B. C. D.45.A. B. C. D.46.A. B. C. D.47.A. B. C. D.48.A. B. C. D.49. B. C. D.50.A. B. C. D.51.A. B. C. D.52.A. B. C. D.53.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.worthy C.accessible D.contrarySectionHowwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.MostfashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatweshoulddressinacertainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwedo,theyluswewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.Changingfashion,ofcourse,doesnotapplyjusttodress.Abarbertodaydoesnotcutaboy’shairinthesamewayasheusedto,andgirlsdonotmakeupinthesamewayastheirmothersandgrandmothersdid.Theadvertisersshowusthelatestfashionablestylesandwearcconstantlyunderpressuretofollowthefashionincaseourfriendsthinkwearcoddordull.Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialcanestablishafashion.Takehatsforexample.Incoldclimates,earlybuildingswerecoldinside,soworehatsindoorsaswellasoutside.Thelate KennedycausedadepressionintheAmericanhatindustrybynotwearinghats:moreAmericanmenfollowedhisexample.Thereisalsoacyclicalpatterninfashion.Inthe1920sinEuropeandAmerica,shortskirtsbecamefashionable.AfterWorldWarⅡ,theydroppedtoanklelength.Thentheygotshorterandshorterandtheminiskirtwasinfashion.Afterafewmoreyears,skirtsbecamelongerToday,societyismuchrandeasierthanitusedtobe.Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcandressasyoutikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.Thepopularityofnsandthe"untidy"lookseemstobeareactionagainsttheincreasinglyexpensivefashionofthetopfashionhouses.Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.Itwouldbefoolishtogotoaninterviewforajobinalawfirmwearingnsandasweater;anditwouldbediscourteoustovisitsomedistinguishedscholarlookingasifweweregoingtothebeachoranightclubs.However,youneedneverfeeldepressedifyoudon’tlooklikethelatestfashionphoto.Lookaroundyouandyou’llseethatnooneelsedoeseither!FashionmagazinesandTVadvertisementseemtolinkfashion confidencein B.socialC.successin alPresent-daysocietyismuchrandeasierbecauseit A. B. C. D.Thepopularityofnsanduntidylookispossiblyduetothat highlight aresuitableforvarioussocialhavetheadvantagesofbeingconvenientandarenotasexpensiveasclothingproducedbytopfashionWhatdoestheauthormostprobablydowiththelatestTheauthormaybebraveenoughtoignorethelatestTheauthormayfollowthelatestfashionmostTheauthormaytakensanduntidylookasthelatestTheauthormayfindthelatestfashionincreasinglyFromthepassagewecanconcludethat“LearningEnglishProject!”ismost anonlinelanguagelearningaudiosonlanguageaseriesofshortasetoffionEnglish-speakingIfsomeoneisinterestedinthecomparisonbetweenEnglishandotherlanguages,bemightbeinterestedto.Encountersinthe B.StoriesfromC.Thoughtsfrom D.InsightsWhatcanweknowaboutEnglishlearninginSaoPaulo,Classroomteachingismore ctiveandHomestayarrangementprovidespositiveexperienceforTheInternetandgamesysamajorroleinlanguageTheprincipleoflearning ngiswidelyacceptedbymustbethemostambitious intheworld.Itsstatedgoal,"toorganizetheworld’sinformationandmakeituniversallyaccessibleanduseful,"deliberayomitstheword"web"toindicatethatthe reachingforabsoluyallinformationeverywhereandineveryform.Frombookstohealthrecordsands,fromyourfriendshipstoyourclickpatternsandphysicallocation,wantstoknow.Tosomepeoplethissoundsuplifting,withpromisesofaccesstoknowledgeandhelpinmanagingourdailylives.Toothers,itissomewhatlikeanotherBigBrother,nolessfrighteningthanitstotalitarian（主义的）ancestorsforbeingintheprivateinformation.RandallStross,ajournalistattheNewYorkTimes,doesagoodjobofyzingthisunboundedambitioninhisbook"net".Onechapterisaboutthehugedatacentersthatisbuildingwithaviewtostoringallthatinformation,anotheraboutthesetsofrulesattheheartofitswebsearchandadvertisingtechnology,anotheraboutitsapproachtoinformationboundinbooks,itsvisionforgeographicalinformationandsoforth.Heisathisbestwhenexininghow’smissioncasuallybutfatallysmashesintolong-existinginstitutionssuchas,say,copyrightlaworprivacynorms.Andyet,it’spuzzlingthathemostlyomitsthemostfascinatingcomponentof,itspeople.iswhatitisbecauseofitstwofounders,SergeyBrinandLarryPage,whoseethemselvesaskindlyelitesandembodythelimitlessoptimismaboutscience,technologyandhumannaturethatisnativetoSiliconValley.Theworldisperfectible,andtheyaretheoneswhowilldomuchoftheperfecting,providedyouletthem.BrinandPagesetouttocreatea andanentirecultureintheirimage.Fromthestart,theyprofessedthattheywouldinnovateasmuchinmanaging—rewarding,feeding,motivating,entertainingandeventransporting(viaWi-Fi-enabledshuttlebuses)theiremployees—astheydoininternettechnology.Inreality’sareaspronetopowerstruggleandofficepoliticsasanyoneelse.NoneofthatmakesitintoMr.Stross’account,whichattimesreadslikeadiligentsummaryofnewsarticles.Atthosemoments,"net"takesarisksimilartotryingtoboardaspeedingtrain:thestorychangessofastthatnobookcanstayuptodateforlong.Evenso,asoberdescriptionofthismomentin’squestis e.Especiallysincefullyexpects,asitschiefexecutive,EricSidt,saysattheendofthebook,totake300yearscompletingit.BydescribingasaBigBrother,peoplethinkthatisapioneerinIT B.isaninvaderofC.breaksitspromiseof D.overestimatesitsownAccordingtoRandallStross,’sinfluenceoncopyrightlaworprivacynorm A. B. C.long- D.WhatdoweknowabouttheemployeesinTheycompeteagainsteachotherintheTheyarehard-workingandTheyappreciatethemanagingTheyfeelencouragedby ’sWhatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“ net”takesarisksimilartotryingtoboardaspeedingnetwillbeindangerifitstaysuptodatefornethavetotake300yearstocatchthespeedingTheboardofesRandallStrosstocoverAwrittenbookcanonlycoveralittlepartoftheon-goingSectionIhaveheardthatfluoride（氟化物）canhelpstopdentaldecaybutIrecentlyreadthatitispoisonous.Whichoftheseistrue?Howcanchildrenusefluoridesafely?ThisquestionisansweredthankstoDrMarciaM.RichwhopracticesgeneraldentistryinNewholt.SheisalsoalecturerattheUniversityandawriterforthemonthlymagazineYourDentistCares.Myanswertothefirstquestionistostressthatfluorideworkswellandissafewhenusersfollowinstructions.Youngchildrenhaveatendencytoswallowtoothpaste.67Ifthissimplemeasureistaken,parentscanbeconfidentthatchildrenwillbeprotectedagainsttoothdecay,andcometonoharm.Almostallmedicineshaveanegativeeffect－orevenbedeadly－iftheyarenottakenasdirected.68Itisforthisreasonthatfluoridesupplementscanonlybeobtainedonprescriptionfromadoctorordentist.Takingtoomuchfluoridewhileteetharegrowingcanleadtoaconditioncalleddentalfluorosis（氟）.Themostlikelycauseistheswallowingoffluoridetoothpastesbyyoungchildren.69Forexamplewhenfluorideisalreadypresentindrinkingwater,theoverconsumptionofitcanseldombeavoided.Butdon’tbetooworried,sincefluorideoverdosesarerare.Infact,Ihaveneverheardofanyfatalsrelatedtofluoridepoisoning.Scientificstudieshaveshownthatfluoridecanhelptopreventcavities(牙洞)aslongasitisusedcorrectlyButitisalsotruethatiffluorideisabused,thereisariskofillnessorevendeathinextremecases.70Awhohasswallowedalargeamountoffluoridewillprobablystartvomiting.Ifnot,thepatientshouldbegivenmilkorantacidandtakentothenearesthospitalforemergencytreatment.SummarySomesayitisevidentthatcomputerscandamage ’seyesight.Sincethepopularityofcomputersbegansky,therehavebeenquestionsassociatedwithcomputerscreensandeyestrain.Thereareplentyofsymptomsthatoftenshowupasaresultofeyestrainfromcomputerscreens.Itmayfirststartwithalittlesoreness.Then,itmayprogresstodryeyes,blurredvisionandevenheadaches.However,theextenttowhichcomputerscreensdamageeyesightissomewhatunclear.Takinga10to15minutes’breakeveryhourwhileworkingisagood