高中英语Unit1SectionⅠ课件新人教版必修5

Unit1Greatscientists主题语境:人与社会——社会服务【语篇导读】提到查尔斯·理查德·德鲁这个名字,人们知之甚少。被誉为

“血库之父”的他,是建立血库的第一人。他发明了保存血浆的方法,为世界的医学发展做出了巨大的贡献。CharlesRichardDrewwasafamousAfrican-Americandoctorandscientist.Hisworkonbloodbanks①helpedsavethousandsoflivesduringWorldWarⅡ.CharlesRichardDrewwasbornin1904inWashington,D.C.Hismaininterestwasinsportswhenhewasyoung.Hewonmanymedalsforswimming.Later,hefocusedhisattentionontrack②,basketballandfootball.Duringcollege,Charlesbecameinterestedinmedicine.HeattendedmedicalschoolatMcGillUniversityinCanada.In1933,hereceivedhisDoctorofMedicinedegree.Asadoctorandaresearcher,Charleswasabsorbedinresearchonbloodtransfusions.Throughhisstudy,hefoundthatbloodplasma(血浆)couldbesuccessfullyusedinsteadofwholeblood.Hewroteuptheresultswhichwerepublishedinareport.DuringWorldWarⅡ,CharlesworkedwiththeBritish.Hehelpedthemdevelop③thebloodbank.Heorganizedthecollectionofbloodplasmafromdifferenthospitals.Thelife-savingplasmasavedmanywoundedpeopleinthewar.HealsohelpedtheAmericanRedCrossdevelopabloodbank.Aroundthistime,Charlesbecameknownas“thefatherofthebloodbank”.

Charles’slifewascutshortbyacaraccidentin1950.However,hislegacyisstillaliveandwelltoday.Charles’snameappearsonagreatnumberofschoolsandorganizationsacrossthecountry.

In1981,hisphotoappearedintheUnitedStatesPostalService’sGreatAmericansstampseries.AtAmherst,abeautifulbrickhouseisnamedinmemoryofhisoutstandingachievements.TheAmericanRedCross’CharlesDrewInstituteinBiomedicalServicesisalsonamedafterhim.词海拾贝

①bank[bæk]n.银行;堤坝;堆②track[træk]n.踪迹,小路;路径;轨道;跑道③develop[dI̍veləp]v.开发,发展;(使)成长,(使)发育,(使)发达;(照相)冲洗,显影典句欣赏1.Asadoctorandaresearcher,Charleswasabsorbedinresearchonbloodtransfusions.作为一名医生和研究人员,查尔斯专注于输血的研究。2.Charles’slifewascutshortbyacaraccidentin1950.1950年的一场车祸让查尔斯的生命戛然而止。3.However,hislegacyisstillaliveandwelltoday.然而,今天他的遗赠却依然盛行并运行良好。理解诱思1.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CharlesDrewandHisFamilyB.BloodBanksStillAliveandWellC.Dr.CharlesDrew,FatheroftheBloodBankD.InstituteNamedAfterCharlesDrew2.WhyCharlesDrewiscalled“thefatherofthebloodbank”?答案:1.C2.DuringWorldWarⅡ,CharleshelpedtheBritishandtheAmericanRedCrossdevelopthebloodbank,whichsavedmanypeoplewoundedinthewar.Atthattimehewasknownas“thefatherofthebloodbank”.SectionⅠ

WarmingUp,Pre-reading,Reading&ComprehendingPre-reading一、词义匹配A

B1.suspect

a.totellpeoplesomethingaboutadecision,plans,etc.2.blame b.todealwithasituation,oraperson3.pollute c.aconnectionbetweentwoormorepeopleorthings4.handle d.tohaveanideathatsomebodyisguiltyofsomething5.link e.toadddirtythingstoland,air,orwater6.announce f.tosaysomebodyisresponsibleforsomethingbad答案:1.d

2.f

3.e

4.b

5.c

6.a二、短语识义1.exposeto

2.link...to...

3.putforward

4.drawaconclusion

使显露;暴露

将……和……联系或连接起来

提出

得出结论

三、词汇延伸1.concludevt.&

vi.结束;推断出→

n.结论;结束

2.exposevt.暴露;揭露;使曝光→

n.揭露;暴露

3.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战→

adj.挑战性的;挑起争论的

4.suspectvt.怀疑n.被怀疑者;犯罪嫌疑人→

adj.可疑的

5.announcevt.宣布;通告→

n.通告;布告;预告;宣告

6.pollutevt.污染;弄脏→

adj.受污染的

conclusion

exposure

challenging

suspectedannouncement

pollutedWhile-reading四、阅读课文“JOHN

SNOW

DEFEATS

‘KING

CHOLERA’”,回答下列问题1.WhichofthefollowingtheoriesdidJohnSnowbelievein?A.Acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims.B.Peopleabsorbedcholeraintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.C.Peoplegotinfectedwithcholerabecauseofcoldandhunger.D.Peoplesufferedfromcholerabecausetheywerenotclean.答案:B

2.AfterJohnSnowmadefurtherinvestigations,whatdidhefind?A.Choleramultipliedintheair.B.Peopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.C.Thewaterfromthepollutedriverwastoblame.D.Fliesspreadthedisease.3.HowdidJohnSnowfindoutthecauseofthedisease?A.Bylivingintheareawherecholerabrokeout.B.Bymarkingamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlived.C.Bytellingtheterrifiedpeoplehowtopreventit.D.Bysavingthedyingpeoplesufferingfromcholera.答案:B

答案:C

4.Howdidpeopledefeat“KingCholera”?A.Bynotpollutingtheriveragain.B.Byeatinghealthydiets.C.Bydeliveringthewaterfromotherrivers.D.Bystoppingdrinkingthepollutedwater.5.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.B.Thecauseofcholerawasthepollutedwater.C.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatersuppliesshouldbeexamined.D.HowJohnSnowfoundthecauseofcholeraanddefeatedit.答案:D

答案:D

Post-reading五、阅读课文“JOHN

SNOW

DEFEATS

‘KING

CHOLERA’”,完成下列短文JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon.Soexpertwashe1.

heattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.Buthebecame2.

(inspire)whenhethoughtabout3.

(help)ordinarypeople4.

(expose)tocholera.Thiswasadeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.Somanythousandsof5.

(terrify)peoplediedeverytimetherewas6.

outbreak.JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblem.Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolled7.

itscausewasfound.In1854whenanothercholerabrokeout,hebegantogatherthat

inspired

helping

exposed

terrifiedan

until

informationandfoundtheevidence.Itseemedthatthe8.

(pollute)waterwastoblame.JohnSnowsuggestedthesourceofallthewater9.

(supply)shouldbeexamined.10.

(final)“KingCholera”wasdefeated.

polluted

supplies

Finally1.Who

put

forward

a

theory

about

black

holes?(P1)谁提出了关于黑洞的理论?★考点

put

forward提出①Themanagerput

forwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.经理提出了一条建议,我们应该有个助手。要做的工作太多了。②Itendtoacceptanyideaput

forwardbyexpertsonTV.我很容易接受电视上专家提出的任何建议。考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出putforward的含义③Whydidyouputyourwatchforwardfiveminutes?含义

拨快④Iputyournameforwardforclubsecretary.含义

推荐⑤Wehavedecidedtoputforwardthemeeting.含义

提前(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的含义⑥We’vehadtoputourweddingoffuntilSeptember.含义

推迟⑦So,mydadandIput

onournewcowboyhats,gotonourhorses,andheadedslowlytowardsthemountains.含义

穿上⑧Weput

awaythetoolsbeforeweleavetheworkshop.含义

收起来放好⑨Howcouldyouput

up

withsuchawoman?含义

忍受put

forward提出;拨快;推荐;提前put

aside把……放到一边;储存;不理睬put

off推迟,延期put

on穿;上演put

up举起;建起;提高

put

away收起来放好put

down写下put

out生产;扑灭put

up

with忍受,容忍2.Draw

a

conclusion

(P1)得出结论★考点

conclusion

n.结论①Intheendtheideaalmostalwaysleadsthemtothesameconclusion.最终这个想法几乎总是使他们得出同样的结论。考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出含conclusion的词组及其含义②Wedrewaconclusionthathehadstolenthecomputer.词组

drawaconclusion

含义

得出结论

③Inconclusion,themeetingisasuccess.词组

inconclusion

含义

总之

④OvertheyearsI’vecometotheconclusionthatshe’saverygreatmusician.词组

cometotheconclusion

含义

得出结论

(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性、词组及其含义⑤Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables”,giventhatthey’reprofitable.词性

动词

含义

推断⑥Themeetingconcludedat8o’clockyesterday.词性

动词

含义

结束⑦Whatcanyouconcludefromthefacts?词组

concludefrom

含义

从……推断出

⑧Toconclude,Iwishyouallgoodhealthandalonglife.词组

toconclude

含义

最后,总之

draw

a

conclusion得出结论in

conclusion总之come

to

the

conclusion得出结论conclude

v.推断;断定;决定;结束conclude

from从……推断出to

conclude总之3.JOHN

SNOW

DEFEATS

“KING

CHOLERA”(P2)约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”★考点

defeat

vt.打败;战败;使受挫①Theenemywasdefeatedinadecisivebattle.敌人在一场决定性的战斗中被击败。②Beforelongherebuiltastrongarmyanddefeatedtheenemy.不久之后,他重新建立了一支强大的军队并打败了敌人。温馨提示defeat

的含义是“击败(某人)”“战胜(某人)”,常指在战争或比赛中击败对手。考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及其含义③Sixmonthsaftersufferingourdefeatonthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgame.词性

名词(不可数名词)

含义

失败④Canyoustillrememberthetwodefeats?词性

名词(可数名词)

含义

失败温馨提示defeat泛指“失败,输”时,是不可数名词;作为“具体失败的事情”时,是可数名词。(2)辨析beat,defeat与win的用法beat侧重在比赛中击败对手,而defeat常指在战争中击败对手,其宾语是人;win后常接game,war,prize等词作宾语,不接人作宾语。⑤Hedefeated/beatmeatchessyesterday.昨天他在下国际象棋时击败了我。⑥Whowonthegame?谁赢了那场比赛?4.John

Snow

was

a

famous

doctor

in

London—so

expert,indeed,that

he

attended

Queen

Victoria

as

her

personal

physician.(P2)约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。剖析本句含有so...that...句式,其含义是“如此……以至于……”。其中that引导的是一个结果状语从句。①I

didn’t

mean

to

eat

anything

but

the

ice

cream

looked

so

good

that

I

couldn’t

help

trying

it.我本不想吃任何东西,但这支冰激凌看起来如此诱人,我忍不住尝了尝它。②Triggering

events

for

anger

are

so

many

that

to

describe

them

all

would

take

hundreds

of

pages.引起愤怒的事件这么多以至于要想表述清楚几百张纸也写不完。温馨提示当“so+形容词或副词”位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。所谓的部分倒装,就是把谓语的一部分提到主语之前,也就是把be动词/情态动词/助动词提到主语之前。如:他讲话声音那么大,隔壁屋里的人都听得见。③He

spoke

so

loudly

that

even

people

in

the

next

room

could

hear

him.(陈述语序)④

So

loudly

did

he

speak

that

even

people

in

the

next

room

could

hear

him.(倒装语序)★考点

attend

vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加⑤Thewoman’ssonsanddaughtersattendhereveryday.这位女士的儿女每天照顾着她。⑥【高考典句】(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)Allthestudentsandteachersinourschoolattendedtheactivity.我们学校所有师生都参加了这项活动。考点延伸辨析:takepartin,join,joinin与attendtakepartin“参加,参与”,通常指参加某项集体活动,并在其中起积极的作用,可指参加工作、活动、学习等join指加入某组织或团体,并成为其中一员joinin有“参加活动,一起做某事”之意,意义相当于takepartinattend作“参加”讲时,宾语通常为meeting,lecture,funeral,ceremony,church,school等5.But

he

became

inspired

when

he

thought

about

helping

ordinary

people

exposed

to

cholera.(P2)但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓时,他就感到很振奋。剖析本句中的过去分词短语exposed

to

cholera作后置定语修饰ordinary

people。①He

decided

to

help

the

women

exposed

to

violence.他决心帮助那些受到暴力威胁的妇女。★考点

expose

vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光②Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks.她说社交媒体公司正将孩子们暴露于重大的情感风险问题中。③Don’texposeittothesun.不要把它暴露在太阳下。④Wemustexposethisshamefulactivitytothenewspapers.我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。归纳expose常与介词

to连用。⑤Thefilmhasbeenexposed.这卷胶卷曝光了。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及其含义⑥Thecottageisinaveryexposedpositiononthetopofahill.词性

形容词

含义

暴露的⑦Exposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseaperson’schancesofgettingcancer.词性

名词

含义

暴露exposure

n.暴露;揭发exposed

adj.暴露的be

exposed

to使暴露在……expose

sb./sth.to...使某人/某物暴露在……expose

sth.揭露某事6.Neither

its

cause

nor

its

cure

was

understood.(P2)人们既不了解它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。剖析neither...nor...的含义是“既不……也不……”,连接单词或短语作主语时,谓语动词的形式应与nor后的部分保持一致。①Neither

my

wife

nor

I

myself

am

able

to

persuade

my

daughter

to

change

her

mind.我妻子和我本人都没能说服女儿改变主意。★考点

cure

n.治愈;痊愈

vt.治愈;治疗②Therewasnocure,onlypainrelief.没有治愈的办法,只能减轻痛苦。③Itcurestheirmentalillnesses.它治愈了他们的精神疾病。考点延伸(1)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的用法④Hewenttothesouthforacureforhisdiseaseatafamoushospital.归纳cure作为“治疗(办法)”讲时,是可数名词,常与介词for连用。(2)辨析cure和treat的区别cure意为“治愈”,侧重“治愈”的结果,可构成curesb.ofsth.句型treat意为“治疗”,强调“治疗”的动作,可构成treatsb.forsth.句型7.The

second

suggested

that

people

absorbed

this

disease

into

their

bodies

with

their

meals.(P2)第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。剖析本句是一个复合句,其谓语动词suggest当“表明;暗示”时,其宾语从句不用虚拟语气,此时通常不用人作suggest的主语。①Her

pale

face

suggested

that

she

was

ill.她苍白的脸表明她生病了。②However,the

research

suggested

that

as

they

headed

toward

their

teens,they

became

increasingly

anxious

online.然而,研究表明,随着他们步入青少年时期,他们在网上变得更加焦虑。考点延伸suggest当“建议”讲时,其宾语从句多用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。如:③Allofthemsuggestedthatthework(should)bestartedatonce.他们所有人都建议立刻开始工作。★考点

absorb

vt.吸收;吸引;使专心④【高考典句】(2019·全国Ⅱ高考)ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.这些孩子太专注于学习了,我只好袖手旁观。⑤【高考典句】(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.事实上,大多数人只吸收了演讲者20%的信息。⑥Thebookabsorbedhisattention.这本书吸引了他的注意力。⑦Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.我们两个都专注于一起玩耍的单纯。归纳be

absorbed

in意为“专心于”。考点延伸阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的含义⑧Thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim.含义

接受(看法、知识等)8.It

seemed

that

the

water

was

to

blame.(P2)看来水是罪魁祸首。★考点

blame

vt.责备;谴责;把……归咎于

n.过失;责备①【高考典句】(2019·北京高考)Whoistoblamefortheproblemofrobocalls?谁应该为预录电话的问题负责?②Don’tblamehim.Afterall,heisstillachild.不要责备他。毕竟,他还是个孩子。③Don’tputtheblameonthechildren.不要把过失归咎于孩子们身上。blame

sb.for

(doing)

sth.因(做)某事责备某人be

to

blame应该受到责备blame

sth.on

sb.把某事怪到某人头上put/lay

the

blame

on

sb.把过失归咎于某人take/bear

the

blame承担责任9.He

immediately

told

the

astonished

people

in

Broad

Street

to

remove

the

handle

from

the

pump

so

that

it

could

not

be

used.(P2)他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样,水泵就用不成了。★考点一

immediately

adv.立即;马上①【高考典句】(2020·天津高考)Icannotmakemydecisionimmediately,butyouwillhearfrommesoon.我不能立即作出决定,但你很快就会收到我的信。②Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexit;donotusealift.立刻从最近的紧急出口离开;不要使用电梯。归纳immediately作副词时,其同义词组为:at

once;right

away。

考点延伸阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及其含义③Ileftimmediatelytheclockstrucktwelve.词性

连词

含义

一……就……★考点二

handle

n.柄;把手

vt.处理;操纵④Thepilotknowshowtohandleaplane.飞行员知道如何操控飞机。⑤【高考典句】(2019·浙江高考)However,whenshehungup,sheregrettedthewayshehadhandledthecall.然而,当她挂断电话,她后悔自己处理电话的方式。10.With

this

extra

evidence

John

Snow

was

able

to

announce

with

certainty

that

polluted

water

carried

the

germs.(P3)有了这个特别的证据,约翰·斯诺就能肯定地宣布,这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。★考点

announce

vt.宣布;通告①Everyonewassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition.当他在宣布比赛获胜者时大家鸦雀无声。考点延伸(1)announce后可接that引导的宾语从句。如:②Theyannouncedthatshewouldgiveoneextrasong.他们宣布说她将再唱一首歌。(2)辨析announce和declare的区别announce后接名词、代词或that引导的宾语从句,意为“公布;告知”,它所涉及的是一件对方原来不知道的事declaredeclare较为正式,含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思,它所涉及的事不一定是对方不知道的③Hesaidtheluckywomanwouldbeannouncedonthewebsite.他说这位幸运女士将在网上公布。