第六次课特殊句式讲义

lessonlesson6PART1【2002SectionII】Aswasdiscussedbefore,itwasnotuntilthe19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethedominantpre-electronicmedium,followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe 【解析】该句的主⼲结构为...thenewspaperbecamethe...medium...。as在句中作关系代句之后，甚⾄主句的中间。itwas...that的强调结构对句⼦的时间状语进⾏强调。followingin【2010Text3】Yetitispreciselythesenon-celebrityinfluentialswho,accordingtothetwo-step-flowtheory,aresupposedtodrivesocialepidemics,byinfluencingtheirfriendsandcolleaguesdirectly.【解析】本句使⽤的是itis...who...的强调句式，强调的是句⼦的主语thesenon-celebrityinfluentials，其⾮强调句形式为:thesenon-celebrityinfluentialsaresupposeddrivesocialepidemics，句⾸的precisely为程度副词，起强调作⽤，介词accordingto【2008Text1】Addingtoawoman'sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased"opportunitiesforstress.语addingto置于句⾸构成了倒装，此处的倒装主要是为了使句⼦与上下⽂衔接紧密。因此，该句的正常语序为:Herincreasedopportunitiesforstressareaddingtoawoman‘sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals。该句中的短语addto意为：增加、增添，例如：Thearrivaloffivemoreguestsonlyaddedtotheconfusion.(又来了五个客⼈，更是【2009PartC】Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted,andonlymoregraduallystillwasthiseffectconsideredasadirectivefactorintheconductofthe位于句⾸表强调，be动词被提到主语之前构成了部分倒装。第⼀个分句的正常语序ebyproductoftheinstitutionwasntedonlygrdualy；第⼆个分句的正常语序sffctwasconsideredsadrecectorineconductoftheinstitutononlymoregrduallystill。的指导性因素的过程则更为缓慢。【2012PartB】Notonlydidtheydevelopsuchadevicebutbytheturnofthemillenniumtheyhadalsomanagedtoembeditinaworldwidesystemaccessedbybillionsofpeopleeveryday.notonly...butNotonlydidtheydevelopsuchadevicebut...theyhadalsomanagedtoembeditinaworldwidesystem。在theturnofthemillennium为介词短语作时间状语，accessedbybillionsofpeopleeveryday为分词短语作后置定语。SENTENCE3——therebe（多个therebe并列）【2001Passage5】Thereareanumberofbest-sellingdownshiftingself-helpbooksforpeoplewhowanttotheresimplifytheirlives;therearenewsletters,suchasTheTightwadfromrecyclingtheircling-filmtomakingtheirownsoap;thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid-'90sequivalentoftherebedropout.numberofbest-sellingdownshiftingself-helpbooks...，whowanttosimplifytheirlives为peopletherearenewsletters...，suchasThe明TheTightwadGazette。第三个分句的主⼲为thereare...supportgroups...，who引导的定语从句修饰说明其前的those。建议从重复利⽤塑料保鲜膜到⾃制肥皂；甚⾄还有⽀持团队来帮助那些想过90年代中期那种脱离传统社会⽣活的⼈。【2011SectionI】Thosedtoexercisetheirsmilingmusclesreactedmoreenthusiasticallytofunnycartoonsthandidthosewhosemouthswerecontractedinafrown,suggestingthatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherway【解析】该句的主⼲结构为Those...reacted...，其中those指代前⽂的volunteers。句部分构成，前⼀部分为expressionsmayinfluenceemotions，后⼀部分是⼀个名词短语【2008PartC】Ontheotherhand,hedidnotacceptaswellfoundedthechargemadebysomeofhiscriticsthat,whilehewasagoodobserver,hehadnopowerofreasoning.【解析】本句主⼲为...hedidnotacceptthechargeaswellfounded...。made引导的过去的是acceptsth(charge)asadj(wellfounded)结构，由于宾语charge后⾯带有同位语从句和较长的定语，因此将其放到了宾语补⾜语aswellfounded的后⾯，形成宾补倒【2012Text1】Daretobedifferent,pleasedon‘tsmoke!ǁpleadsonebillboardnaimedatreducingsmokingamongteenagers,whodesirenothingmorethanfittingin.【解析该句是倒装句正常语为eblbdn..pleadsDareoederen,pleasedon‘tsmo!,plad装，从⽽避免头重脚轻，引号内为直接引语，充当pleads的宾语。主语后的过去分词短语amedat…fingnengers,wengers的who【2006PartC】Hisfunctionisogoustothatofajudgewhomustaccepttheobligationofrevealinginasobviousamanneraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision.导的⾮限定性定语从句修饰judge；此定语从句的主⼲为whomustaccepttheobligation；ofrevealing...hisdecision作同位语解释说明obligation；of引导的现在分词结构为动宾分隔结构，正常语序应为revealingthecourseofreasoning(whichledhimtohisdecisioninasobviousamanneraspossiblereveal【2015Text1】Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday—embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesand【解析】本句的主⼲结构为theirveryhistoryembodiesprivilegesandinequalities。句⾸⽤。outdatedandindefensible作定语修饰privilegesandinequalities【2009SectionI】Webelievethatifanimalsranthelabs,theywouldtestustodeterminethelimitsofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations.【解析】该句的主⼲结构为Webelievethat...，其中that从句作believe的宾语。该宾语词短语ofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations作定语修饰thelimits。【2007Text1】Ifyouweretoexaminethebirth sofeverysocceryerin2006'sWorldCuptournament,youwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirk:elitesocceryersaremorelikelytohavebeenbornintheearliermonthsoftheyearthaninthelater【解析】改句的主⼲部分是：Youwouldfindanoteworthyquirk...，宾语anoteworthyquirk后的从句elitesoccerhelatermonths为同位语从句，对quirk的内容为复合谓语，intheearliermonthsoftheyear为时间状语，thaninthelatermonths作时，从句谓语⽤动词过去式(be动词⼀般⽤were)，主句⽤should/would/could/might构成，如:Somethingmusthavehappened.(⼀定是发⽣了什么事。)复合谓语还可以由begoingto，beaboutto，belikelyto等结构接动词构成，如:Iwasabouttogoout.(我正要出去的时候，响了。)【翻译】如果你检查参加2006年⾜球锦标赛所有参赛运动员的出⽣证，很可能会发现⼀个值得注意的怪现象:优秀的⾜球运动员更可能出⽣于上半年，⽽不是下半年。SENTENCE11—insist，contendprinciplewillshielddoctorswho―untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmedicationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastenNancyDubler...contendsthattheprinciplewillshielddoctors...。doctors后⾯是who引导的定语从句，定语从句的谓语insisted后跟⼀个that引导的宾if：insistinsistedthateveryone(should)cometotheparty.(他们坚持每个⼈都参加)他 【2008Text4】Thesouthernstat