2022届河南省许昌市、济源市、平顶山市高三第三次质量检测英语试题

2022届河南省许昌市、济源市、平顶山市高三第三次质量检

测英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Lakesthatarecalledseas

Peoplearealwaysfullofimaginationtothedeepandmysterioussea.However,the

watersknownastheseaarenotalwaystheendlessseasweremember,butmayalsobe

beautifulormagnificentlakes.

AralSea

TheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatliestothenorthofUzbekistanandtothesouthof

Kazakhstan.Araloccupiedavastareaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,

butitsareahasbeenconstantlyreducingoverthepasttwocenturiesandtodayit'sbelievedto

belessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.

DeadSea

TheDeadSeaislocatedbetweenIsraelandJordanintheJordanRiftValley.Itis

actuallyasaltlakeandoneoftheworld'smostsaltywaterbodies.Theelevation(海拔)of

theDeadSea'sshoresisthelowestanditalsoenjoysthelittleofbeingtheworld'sdeepest

hypersalinelake.Thehighsalinity(含盐量),oftheDeadSeameansitdoesnotsupportlife,

hencethename.

SeaofGalilee

TheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith"sea"initsname.Itisthesecond-lowest

lakeintheworldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevationrangingfrom705feetto686

feetbelowsealevel.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.

Undergroundspringsalsofeedwatertothelake.

ErhaiLake

ErhaiinYunnanProvince,China,at1,972metersabovesealevel,coveringanareaof

250squarekilometers,isoneofthesevenbiggestfreshwaterlakesinChina.Itmeans"sea

shapedlikeanear"inChinese.Erhaiisreputedas"PearofPlateau".

1．Whichofthefollowingisbecomingsmallerandsmaller?

A．AralSea.

B．DeadSea.

C．SeaofGalilee.

D．ErhaiLake

2．What'sspecialabout"Deadsea"?

试卷第1页，共9页

A．Itisthedeepestlake.

C．Ithasthelowestshores.

B．Itisthemostsaltylake.

D．Itliesinadangerousvalley.

3．WhatisexactlythesametoSeaofGalileeandErhaiLake?

A．Size.

B．Shape.

C．Saltcontent.

D．Elevation.

Asaprofessorofarchitectureaimingathelpinghisstudentsunderstand3Dgeometry

(几何),ErnőRubikcreatedapuzzlethatwouldcapture(激发)theimaginationofgenerations

tocome—theRubik'scube.TheRubik'scube,becameoneofthemostpopulartoysin

history,withmorethan350millionsoldtodate.

InthefirstthreeyearsthatthecubewaslicensedtoanAmericancompany,itsold100

millioncopiesaroundtheworld.Rubikneverimagineditwouldhavethatkindofappeal.

"Peopletendednottobuydifficultpuzzles,"heexplains.

ButtheRubik'scube,"madeitreallyfashionabletohaveapuzzle".

Today,RubikcontinuestoworkasaprofessorandisaboardmemberoftheRubik's

company.Heisalsoastaunch(忠实的)advocateforSTEM(science,technology,

engineering,andmathematics)andartseducationandencourageshisowncompanyand

otherstotakethelead.

"IprefertocallitSTEAM(science,technology,engineering,art,andmathematics)",

becauseIthinkartisanimportantpartofeducation.Thekeyisstartingearly,from

elementaryschool,andcontinuingonandon,"hesaid."Thissmallblueplanetanditsentire

interdependentpopulationdependsonfuturegenerationslearningthesesubjects.Iandmy

companyhavetriedtohelp.We'veintroducedthe'YouCANDotheRubik'sCube'courseto

hundredsofschoolsacrosstheUnitedStatesandareexpandingitelsewheretohelpstudents

tolearninanengaging,interactive,practicalway."

4．WhydidRubikinventedtheRubik'scube?

A．Toattractconsumers.

C．Tomakeanewpuzzle.

B．Toassisthisteaching.

D．Tochangeviewsonpuzzles.

5．WhatcanwelearnaboutRubik'scube?

A．Itisarteducationactually.

C．Itwasthemostpopulartoy.

B．Itisindeedaneasypuzzle.

D．Itwasabighittotheworld.

6．WhatdoesthetextmainlyintroduceRubikas?

A．Anartist.

B．Apuzzleplayer.

C．Aneducationist.

D．Acompany

试卷第2页，共9页

boss.

7．Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?

A．RubikpopularizedSTEAMactively.

B．Rubiktriedtosellmoretoyproducts.

C．Rubikworkedhardonartseducation.

D．RubikpromotedRubik'scubecourse.

Back-to-backtyphoonsthatattackedreefs(礁)andturnedcoralsupsidedownhitin

2014and2015inAustraliasea,whichruinedthecoralecosystem.

Feeling"absolutelyshocked,"StephenSimpson,abiologistattheUniversityofBristol,

decidedtochannelhissorrowintoaction.In2017,hepiledupcoralremainstobuilddozens

ofnewsmallreefs.Heplacedspeakersnearbytoplayrecordingsmadewhenthereefswere

healthy."AsIwish,twiceasmanyyoungfishsettledonthereefsnearthesespeakers",he

says.

Inanewpaper,BrittanyWilliams,agraduatestudentattheUniversityofAdelaide,

reviewedprojectsthatusedsoundtohelprestoremarine(海洋的)ecosystems."Wewanted

toprovethatsoundhasgreatpotential",shesays.Thatpotentialarisesfromthefactthata

healthyoceanisnoisy:fishwhistle,dolphinsscream,andspinylobstersplaytheirfeelerlike

violins.Likethenoiseofabigcity,thefamiliarsoundofahealthyhabitatattractsyoung

creaturesthatareseekingapermanenthome.

Theexperimentsshowedthatsoundisoneofthesignalsbabyfishusetofindandsettle

onacoralreefafterspendingtheirfirstweeksswimmingintheopenocean."Werealizedthat

thefishmightbehearingtheirwayhome,"saysWilliams.

Inexperimentsbegunduringherpostgraduatedegree,Williamsputoysters(牡蛎)into

jarsandplayedsomeofthemarecordingfromawastelandwhereanoysterreefusedtobe.

Otheroysterswereplayednothing,whileathirdgroupheardthesoundofarestoredreef.The

oystersthatheardtherestoredreefwereabouttwiceaslikelyastheotherstosettleandattach

themselvesatthebottomofthejar.

8．WhatwouldSimpsonwanttoachievewhentakingactiononthereefs?

A．Playingrecordingsforfishes.

C．Creatinglargerandnewerreefs.

B．Makingtheseapeacefulagain.

D．Rebuildingthereefcommunity.

9．WhatisahealthymarineecosystemlikeinWilliams'sopinion?

A．Seaanimalsheartheirwayhome.

B．Reefsarestrongandlargeenough.

D．Seaanimalshavetheirpermanenthabitat

C．Theoceanisnoisywithvarioussounds.

试卷第3页，共9页

10．Whatmaybevitalforensuringthefutureoftheoceanaccordingtotheresearch?

A．Sound.

B．Reefs.

C．Climate.

D．Humans.

11．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A．Tourgepeopletoprotectsealiferightaway.

B．Toshowthemagicuseofseaanimals'sound.

C．Tointroduceawaytorestoremarineecosystem.

D．Toremovetheworriesofecosystemgettingworse.

Today,about10%oftheworld'spopulationareleft-handed.Archeologicalevidence

showsthatit'sbeenthatwayforaslongas500,000years,withabout10%ofhumanremains

showingtheassociateddifferencesinarmlengthandbonedensity(密度),andsomeancient

toolsandartifactsshowingevidenceofleft-handuse.

Arecentmathematicalmodelsuggeststhattheactualrateofhandednessreflectsa

balancebetweencompetitiveandcooperativepressuresonhumanevolution.

Thebenefitsofbeingleft-handedareclearestinactivitiesinvolvinganopponent,like

combat(格斗)orcompetitivesports.Forexample,about50%oftophittersinbaseballhave

beenlefthanded.Why?Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedand

left-handedcompetitorswillspendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainst

righties.Sowhenthetwofaceeachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthis

right-handedopponent.

Theimbalanceinthepopulationresultsinanadvantageforleft-handedfightersor

athletes,butaccordingtotheprinciplesofevolution,groupsthathavearelativeadvantage

disappears.Ifpeoplewereonlyfightingandcompetingthroughouthumanevolution,natural

selectionwouldleadtomoreleftiesbeingtheonesthatsurviveduntilthereweresomanyof

themthattheywerenolongerrare.

Soinapurelycompetitiveworld,50%ofthepopulationwouldbeleft-handed.But

humanevolutionhasbeenshapedbycooperation,aswellascompetition.Ingolf,where

performancedoesn'tdependontheopponent,only4%oftopplayersareleft-handed.And

manyoftheimportantinstruments(器械)thathaveshapedsocietyweredesignedforthe

right-handedmajorityBecauseleftiesareworseatusingthesetools,andsufferfromhigher

accidentrates,theywouldbelesssuccessfulinapurelycooperativeworld,eventually

disappearingfromthepopulation.

试卷第4页，共9页

12．Whatinfluencestheactualrateofhandednessaccordingtothetext?

A．Thetotalpopulationinthearea.

B．Theinstrumentsinhuman'slife.

C．Human'sarmlengthandbonedensity.

D．Competitiveandcooperativepressures.

13．Whydoleftiesbenefitmoreincompetitivesports?

A．Becausetheypractiseharder.

C．Becausetheiropponentsarerighties.

B．Becausetheyarebetterprepared.

D．Becausehalfoftheathletesarelefties.

14．Whatcanweinferaboutleftiesfromthetext?

A．Left-handuseisnatural.

B．Leftieswinmoreinsports.

D．Leftiesdon'tlikecooperation.

C．Handednesschangeseasily.

15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．AretheLeft-handedMorePopular?

C．WillLeftiesDisappearintheFuture?

B．HowtheLeft-handedBenefitMore?

D．WhyAreSomePeopleLeft-handed?

二、七选五

IsItSafetoEatSnow?

There'snothingquitelikeafreshblanketofpure,whitesnow.Greatforsledding,

snowballs,fort-building—andmaybeevendessert?Beforeyoutakeabigbiteofthewhite

stuff,let'stalkaboutwhatcouldbeintheflakes(雪片).___16___.Whenitgetscold,

moisture(水分)intheairfreezesintotiny,beautifulcrystalsthatdriftdownfromthesky.

___17___.Forexample,ifsnowhasbeenremovedfromasidewalkorastreet,itmight

containrocksaltwithcertainchemicals,whichhelpicemeltatlowtemperature.

Unfortunately,thosechemicalscanalsomakeyousickifyoueatthem,soyoudefinitely

don'twanttoeatanysnowthat'sbeenshoveled(铲掉).

Youshouldnevertakesmallbitesonanysnownearbirdfeedersoranimaltracks.

___18___,squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogsforexample,itmaycarrysomethingnotsafe

toyou.Brownsnowisofflimitsforthesamereasonyouwouldn'twanttotasteamudpie.

Andifthatsnowlooksyellow,well,let'sjustsayit'sunlikelytobelemon-flavored.

OK,sowhataboutfreshlyfallensnow?___19___.Butactually,becausesnowcantake

inpollutantsonthewaydown,thefirsthourortwoofasnowfallactslikeabrushfortheair.

Scientistshavefoundthatnewsnowcancontainstrangestuffincludingpesticides,ashesand

evendirt.

试卷第5页，共9页

Allofthesethingsarefoundatextremelylowlevels.Thatmeansit'stechnicallysafeto

eat.Butit'salsogoodtoknowthatifyoujustwaitafewhoursandthenhaveamealonthe

snowthatpilesupmidwaythroughastorm,you'llhavethebestchanceofeatingnothing

morethanpure,frozen,skywater.___20___!

A．Snowismostlywater

B．Let'stakeacloselook

C．Trynottohaveanytasteofthesnow

D．Butsnowcanalsocontainothersubstances

E．Becausesnowcanactlikeapathwayforanimals

F．Onebiteandyou'llbehopingspringnevercomes

G．Thatshouldbethesafest,yummiestfrozenwatertoeat

三、完形填空

ThescarsthatPatRribblecarriedthroughlifewereformednearly50yearsago,inflicted

(欺负)byfellowstudentsinWoodland,who___21___himbecausehewasdifferent.

Patnever___22___orhadchildrenaftergraduating.Heneverhada___23___,onlya

seriesofjobs.Now65,Patappears___24___withhislonggrayhairandbeard,whomyou

mightcrossthestreetto___25___.But,totalkwithhimreveals(展现出)a___26___side.

Hespeaksquietly,measuringhiswordsto___27___hisweakness,forwhichothersonce

seizeduponto___28___him.

In2021,whenCareyJim,Pat'sclassmate,learnedPat___29___toattendhishighschool

class'sparty____30____he'dbeenhurtinschool,he____31____."Pathaditrougherthan

therestofus."Dayslater,CareyfoundPat's____32____andcalled.Patanswered."We

talkedaboutthe____33____things,andthegoodthingstoo,"Patsaid."Carey'sloveand

____34____caughtmeunexpectedly."Afterthat,Careyaskedallhis____35____tocallPat.

Andsotheydid.Theymadea____36____thattheywouldn'tlosetrackofPat,andtheyhave

____37____itforovertenyears.Everyweek,oneormoreofthemcallPattoseehowhe's

doing.

Therecoveryofthe____38____fromthepasthasallowedPattolooktothe

____39____."I'llbeatthenextparty,"hesays."Theseguys"Hepauses,stifling(强忍)

____40____."Let'sjustsaythateveryoneneedspeopleliketheseguysintheirlives."

试卷第6页，共9页

21．A．amused

22．A．resisted

23．A．career

24．A．tough

25．A．hug

26．A．selfish

B．targeted

C．inspired

C．married

C．friend

D．criticised

D．appeared

B．regretted

B．family

B．cool

D．complaint

D．confident

D．follow

D．gentle

D．change

D．protect

D．refused

D．evenif

D．looked

C．optimistic

C．greet

C．brave

C．express

C．hurt

B．avoid

B．mature

B．ignore

B．help

27．A．cover

28．A．fight

29．A．promised

30．A．after

31．A．feltgreat

disappointed

32．A．address

B．expected

B．because

B．becameannoyed

C．decided

C．though

C．fellsilent

B．house

B．unbelievable

C．photo

C．unforgettable

C．kindness

D．number

33．A．unimportant

D．unpleasant

D．questions

D．colleagues

D．comment

D．promoted

D．wounds

D．truth

D．anger

34．A．punishment

35．A．teachers

36．A．plan

37．A．kept

38．A．loss

39．A．past

40．A．tears

B．explanation

B．families

B．promise

C．classmates

C．require

B．discussed

B．weakness

B．future

B．joy

C．remembered

C．illness

C．situation

C．pain

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。

Twovegetarianmealseachday.Amonthlybudgetof200yuan.Workingjustoneortwo

monthsayear.InApril,anInternet___41___(use)postedthisbriefdescriptionofhissimple,

stress-freelife.Hedescribedhisphilosophy___42___tangping."IcanbelikeDiogenes,who

sleptinhiswinecask(桶)inthesun,"hewrote.

Thepostspread___43___(crazy).Onsocialmedia,peopleshowedtheirapprovalof

tangpingbysharingpicturesofthemselves(and,often,theircats)___44___(lie)inbed.More

than60％ofover240,000respondentstoapoll(民意测评)onWeibo,saidtangpingwas

试卷第7页，共9页

theirideaofthegoodlife.

Tangping___45___(describe)alongingtoescapethepressureofmodernlifeinChina,

whereyoungpeople___46___(expect)toworklonghours,buyproperty,getmarriedand

havechildren.Manypeopleintheir20sand30sgrumble(抱怨)thathardworknolonger

rewardsthemwitha___47___(good)qualityoflife.Theyhaveadoptedanacademicterm,

neijuanor"involution",todescribehow