山东省济宁市曲阜马家村中学2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末试题含解析

山东省济宁市曲阜马家村中学2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Headvisedfarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,

thathadthebestcolor1.A.those B.ones C.it D.one参考答案：A2.Nomatterhowlowyouconsideryourself,thereisalwayssomeonelookinguptoyou

___theywerethathigh.

A.towish

B.tohavewished

C.wishing

D.havingwished参考答案：C略3.Theysaidtheyhadsoldlargequantitiesofeducationalbooks.Lastyear

theysoldfivemillioncopies.

A.only

B.

merely

C.just

D.alone参考答案：D4.Johnwasbusywritingacompositionlastnight,only________onceinawhiletohaveadrink．A．tostop

B．stopped

C．havingstoppedD．stopping参考答案：D5.Forachildtogiveuphislessmatureideaforamoresophisticatedone,itrequiresthatthechild________psychologicallyreadyforthenewidea.A．is

B．beC．were

D．wouldbe参考答案：答案：B

句意：对于一个放弃了不太成熟的想法而寻求比较复杂的想法的孩子来说，他在心理上应为新的想法做好准备。require表示“要求”，其宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省掉。6.Hewasseen_____footballwithhisclassmatesthere.A.playB.toplay

C.played

D.beingplayed参考答案：B考点：考查被动语态。7.--Areyouangry?

---Yes.Heshouldatleastanswerwhen____.A.speaking

B.spokento

C.spoken

D.speakingto参考答案：B8.Watchingtheflamesofthecampfire____inthenightwind,hefelthimself____intheworld,lonelyandhopeless.A.dance,gone

B.danced,lost

C.dancing,missed

D.dancing,forgotten参考答案：D9.Whenyou’vefinishedwiththatbook，don’tforgettoputitbackontheshelf，______？A.doyou B.don’tyou C.willyou D.won’tyou参考答案：C10.Hehadwantedtowrite____children'sbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotin_________way.A.a;/

B.the;theC./;the

D.a;the参考答案：C考查冠词。句意：许多年来，他都想写一本儿童读物，但是一件又一件的事情挡道。泛指一本儿童书籍用a；固定搭配getintheway意为“妨碍，挡道”，故选D。11.Whenherbrotherwastocrossthestreethewasknockeddownbyatruckandbadly

.

A.injured

B.damaged

C.harmed

D.destroyed参考答案：A12.—Thegentlemanmustbeveryrich.—Don'tbesosure.It'snot________tojudgeamanonlybyhislooks.A．responsible

B．completeC．social

D．reliable参考答案：D13.Therarefish,______fromthecookingpot,hasbeenreturnedtothesea.A.

tobesaved

B.saving

C.saved

D.havingsaved参考答案：C14.Onseeingme,heturnedoverandpretendedto_____somethingintheshop.

A.beadmired

B.haveadmired

C.admiring

D.beadmiring参考答案：D15.AsachampionteaminthelastWorldCup,Germany’sfootballteamwasloadedwithtoomuchexpectationfromtheirfansinthegroupgame___itlostthechancetogoforwardinthisyear’sgame.A.that

B.asC.when

D.where参考答案：D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：作为上届世界杯冠军球队，德国队在小组赛中失去了晋级的机会，球迷们对德国队寄予了太多期望。先行词为thegroupgame,在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故选D.16.Afteranumberofdisagreementswiththecommittee,thechairmandecidedto_______.A.retire

B.retreat

C.withdraw

D.resign参考答案：D二、完型填空17.

EverydayonthewaytoworkIdrivedownastreetlinedwithpinetrees.Onetreeinparticular__41__myattention.Itmusthavesufferedsome__42__.Partofitstrunkgrewnearlyparalleltotheground,andtheninaneffortto__43__itsowncourseoflife,thetrunktooka90degreeturn__44__tostandtallandstretchtowardthesun.

Thistreebecamea__45__forme.EachdayasIdroveby,IsawthisbentbutdeterminedtreeandIwouldbe__46__.Itwasaremindertomethat__47__Imaynothavehadthebeststartinlife,Icouldchange__48__inthepartsofmylifeatanytime.

Iwasplanningtostoponedaytogetaperfect__49__ofmykindred-spirit(志趣相同的)tree.ButthatweekIwas__50__.Afterthatbusyweek,Istilldidn’ttakeanyaction.EverytimeIdrovebythetreeIwould__51__myself,“Tomorrow,I’llstoptomorrowtotakeone.”Thenoneday,asI__52__by“my”tree,Iglancedover,andmuchtomy__53__foundasawed-offstump（树桩）wherethatsymbolictreehadstood.Gone.Ihad__54__myplanuntil“tomorrow”andtomorrowprovedtobetoo__55__.

Apictureofatreeisnotofgreat__56__.Butmylessonrangthroughclearly__57__Ifoundoutoneofmycolleagueshadbeen__58__withstage-fourcancer.Hemaynolongerhavemany__59__.

Whathaveyoubeenputtingoff?Whatwouldyoudoifyouknewyouwould__60__havetheopportunitytodoitagain?Whynotdothosethingsintimethatyouhavebeenputtingoffuntiltomorrow?

41.A.paidB.caughtC.fixedD.escaped42.A.damageB.influenceC.experienceD.defeat43.AfollowB.designC.changeD.imagine44.A.applyingB.attemptingC.happeningD.learning45.A.shelterB.signalC.signD.symbol46.A.interestedB.satisfiedC.encouragedD.educated47.A.eventhoughB.asifC.incaseD.ifonly48.A.purposeB.planC.habitD.direction49.A.glanceB.viewC.pictureD.knowledge50.A.busyB.freeC.worriedD.bored51.A.tellB.helpC.callD.see52.A.wanderedB.droveC.rodeD.ran

53.A.surpriseB.pleasureC.regretD.happiness54.A.putonB.cutoffC.putoffD.calledon55.A.coldB.farC.sunnyD.late56.A.valueB.achievementC.funD.disappointment57.A.whenB.beforeC.becauseD.unless58.A.linkedB.combinedC.providedD.diagnosed59.A.livesB.tomorrowsC.lessonsD.opportunities60.A.surelyB.almostC.everD.never参考答案：41-45BACBD46-50CADCA

51-55ABACD

56-60AADBD三、阅读理解18.Tobesuccessfulinanyaspectoflife,youneedtoknowwhentousethecarrotorthestick.Hereareafewtipstohelpyoudecidewhetherit'sbettertousethecarrotorthestick.WiththekidsThecarrotWhenitcomestoraisingakid,thecarrotorthestickdilemmaisquicklydisappearingastoomanyparentstakethecarrotapproachtotheextreme.Inchildraising,thecarrotshouldneverbematerialisticthings.Ifyouwanttoaskforgoodbehaviorwithareward,itshouldbewithsomethingthatcan'tbebought,say,trust.TheslickNowadays,noonelikestousethestickanymore,orinmyfather'scase,thebelt.I'mnotoverlookingchildabuse,ifyoueverwanttocallitthat,butIamencouragingparentstotoughenupabit.Youdon'twantyourkidtotestyourlimitsonlytofindouthecangetawaywithit.Ifyouwanttoraiseakid,raisethehandandlethimknowitcomesdownonthesecondoffense.AttheofficeThecarrotPeopleneedencouragementandmotivationtoperformwell.However,thecarrotonlyreallyworkswellwithemployeeswhohavealreadyprovedthemselves.Ifyou'vegotsomeonewhocan'tshowupattheofficebeforenoon,thepromiseofaraiseisn'tgoingtodomuch.Onthecontrary,ifthere'saguywithagoodworkmoral,he'llthrive（growstronger）whenyouaddapromotiontothepicture.TheslickWhenconsideringthecarrotorthestickintheoffice,rememberthat,overall,thestickisthemorepracticalmethodintheoffice.Awiseman,whojusthappenedtobeanItalianoncesaid"It'sbesttobebothlovedandfeared."It'snicetohaveeveryoneloveyou,butrunningabusinessisn'tlikerunningafamily.Youneedtohavethestickconstantlyraised.WiththewifeThecarrotWhenitcomestomarriage,alwaysusethecarrot.I'vehadalovelymarriageformanyyears,andI'vealwaysstucktothecarrotapproach.Sometimesyoucatchmoreflieswithhoney,andsometimesit'sthecrackofawhip(鞭子)thatgetsthehorsemoving.Trynottousetoomanysticksathome;thecarrotismuchmorefun.24.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.TheCarrotortheStick?B.TheIntroductiontotheCarrotandtheStickC.TipsintheDailyLifeD.TheAdvantagesoftheCarrotandtheStick25.Inkidsraising,theauthorprefers_________.A.thecarrotapproachB.thestickapproachC.boththecarrotapproachandthestickapproachD.neitherthecarrotapproachnorthestickapproach26.Whichdoyouthinkisthebesttobeagoodbossattheoffice?A.Alwaysusingcarrots.B.Eatingalotofcarrots.C.Beingbothlovedandfeared.D.Usingtoomanysticks.27.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Theauthoroftengivesmorecarrotstohiswifetoeatathome.B.Thecarrotismuchmorefunwhenitcomestomarriage.C.Ondifferentoccasions,thecarrotorthestickiseffective.DYouneedthesticktogetyourhorsestomovefasteroccasionally.参考答案：24-27.ABCA24．标题概括题。根据第一段内容可判断出，本文主要讲述的是一些在什么时候应该使用“胡萝卜”(即奖励)和“大棒”(即惩罚)的建议。A项意为“胡萝卜还是大棒？”体现了本文的中心，适合用作标题。故选A。25．推理判断题。根据WiththekidsThecarrot下面第二段话中的“…butIamencouragingparentstotoughenupabit”和“Ifyouwanttoraiseakid,raisethehandandlethimknowitcomesdownonthesecondoffense”可判断出，在养育孩子这方面，作者更喜欢对孩子严厉一些，使用“大棒”。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据AttheofficeThecarrot下面第二段中的“Awiseman,whojusthappenedtobeanItalianonce,said‘It’sbesttobebothlovedandfeared.’”可知，作为一名称职的老板，最好能软硬兼施，既让员工喜爱又能让员工畏惧。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据文章内容可判断出，作者所说的“胡萝卜”并不是真正的红萝卜，而是对他人的奖励、甜言蜜语等，所以A项“在家里，作者经常给他妻子很多胡萝卜让她吃”是错误的。故选A。【备注】本文是一篇说明文。本文作者就在什么时候应该使用“胡萝卜”(即奖励)和“大棒”(即惩罚)提出了一些建议。19.Peopleoftenaskwhichisthemostdifficultlanguagetolearn,anditisnoteasytoanswerbecausetherearetoomanyfactorstotakeintoconsideration.Firstly,inafirstlanguagethedifferencesareunimportantaspeoplelearntheirmothertonguenaturally,sothequestionofhowhardalanguageistolearnonlymakesmoresensewhenlearningasecondlanguage.AnativespeakerofSpanish,forexample,willfindPortuguesemucheasiertolearnthananativespeakerofChinese,forexample,becausePortugueseisverysimilartoSpanish,whileChineseisverydifferent,sofirstlanguagecanaffectlearningasecondlanguage.Thegreaterthedifferencesbetweenthesecondlanguageandourfirst,theharderitwillbeformostpeopletolearn.ManypeopleanswerthatChineseisthehardestlanguagetolearn,possiblyinfluencedbythethoughtoflearningtheChinesewritingsystem,andthepronunciationofChinesedoesappeartobeverydifficultformanyforeignlearners.However,forJapanesespeakers,whoalreadyuseChinesecharactersintheirownlanguage,learningwritingwillbelessdifficultthanforspeakersoflanguagesusingtheRomanalphabet.Somepeopleseemtolearnlanguageseasily,whileothersfinditverydifficult.Teachersandthecircumstancesinwhichthelanguageislearnedalsoplayanimportantrole,aswellaseachlearner'smotivationforlearning.Ifpeoplelearnalanguagebecausetheyneedtouseitprofessionally,theyoftenlearnitfasterthanpeoplestudyingalanguagethathasnodirectuseintheirdaytodaylife.Obviously,BritishdiplomatsandotherembassystaffhavefoundthatthesecondhardestlanguageisJapanese,whichwillprobablycomeasnosurprisetomany,butthelanguagethattheyhavefoundtobethemostproblematicisHungarian,whichusesasimilaralphabettoEnglishbuthas35cases(formsofanounsaccordingtowhetheritissubject,object,genitive,etc).ThisdoesnotmeanthatHungarianisthehardestlanguagetolearnforeveryone,butitcausesBritishdiplomaticpersonnel,whoaregenerallyusedtolearninglanguages,themostdifficulty.However,Tabassaran,aCaucasianlanguagehas48cases,soitmightcausemoredifficultyifBritishdiplomatshadtolearnit.Differentculturesandindividualsfromthosecultureswillfinddifferentlanguagesmoredifficult.Therefore,itisimpossibletosaythatthereisonelanguagethatisthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.8.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.ThequestionofhowhardalanguageistolearnisonlyapplicabletofirstlanguageacquisitionB.ThequestionofhowhardalanguageistolearnisonlyapplicabletosecondlanguageacquisitionC.Thequestionofhowhardalanguageistolearnisapplicabletobothfirstandsecondlanguageacquisition.D.Therearetoomanylanguagesintheworldsoit’sdifficulttosaywhichoneisthemostdifficulttolearn.9.WhichlanguagewillanativePortuguesespeakerprobablyfindeasiertolearn?A.Chinese,becausePortugueseuseChinesecharactersintheirownlanguage.B.Japanese,becauseitissimilartotheirownlanguage.C.Spanish,becauseitalsousesRomanalphabet.D.AnyonebutChinese,becauseitspronunciationisverydifficult.10.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph3？A.Aparticularsituationorenvironment.B.ThedegreeofeducationthatsomebodyhasobtainedC.Teachers’encouragement.D.Professionaltraining.11.Theauthorismostlikelytoagree____________A.NotHungarian’swritingsystembutitsgrammaticalcom