6五大基本句型课件

五大基本句型

Whatmakesasentence?Sentenceelements谓语(v)定语(Attr)主语

(s)

宾语

(IO,DO)

状语

(Ad)

宾补(OC)主语谓语Vtlink-VVi宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)Revision表语

(P)1)主语（subject）Ilikefootball.Theboyneedsapen.

句子的主体，全句述说的对象，位于句首。一般由充当。2)谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作或状态。由充当。常置于主语后。Thetrainleavesat6o’clock.Iwantaticket.名词,动词不定式、代词、名词短语等动词3)宾语（object）4)表语（predicative）Hewonthegame.Onthedesk句子中动作的承受者。由n.adj.或相当于n.的词组充当。Tomelosthislifeinthebigfire.Heisastudent.用以表述主语的性质、特征、状态、身份等。由n.或adj.充当。置于系动词之后。5)宾补（objectivecomplement）补充说明宾语的特征、状态或身份。由n./adj./介宾/分词/不定式等充当。Theymadehimlaugh.‹

›Iseeyouplaybasketballalmosteveryday.‹

›6)定语（attributive）对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示,通常位于被修饰的成分前。Theblackbikeismine.()7)状语（adverbial）用以修饰adj./v./adv.及全句,位置灵活。通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。Iamverysorry.Weoftenhelphim.

WhenIgrowup,Iamgoingtobeateacher.（从句作时间状语)

Point1

简单句的五种基本类型

（fivebasicsentencepatterns)

Heruns.2.Peoplemakehistory.3.Knowledgeispower.

4.Hegavemeabook.5.WecallherLily.主+谓(Ｓ+V)主+谓+宾(S+V+O)主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+IO+DO)主+系+表(S+link-V+P)主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+O+OC)

基本句型一:ＳＶ(主＋谓)主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当Pridegoesbeforeafall.

Whoisspeaking,please?

Skatingisgoodexercise.

Totranslatethisidealintorealityneedshardwork.

Two-thirdsoftheworkersarewomen.

Whetherwe'llgodependsontheweather

动词前！谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征只有动词才可以充当谓语。

Somechildrenaskedforcolddrinks.

I

shallgotoseehimtomorrow.

Imustaskhertoteachmetoswim

Imadeyourbirthdaycakelastnight.Whatdoesthiswordmean?

Iwon’tdoitagain.

Ｓ│Ｖ(不及物动词)1.Thesun│rose.2.Who│cares?3.Whathesaid│doesnotmatter.4.They│talkedforhalfanhour.5.Thepen│writessmoothly共同特点:

谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。ＳＶ1.Time2.Themoon3.Theman5.Everybody6.I7.They8.He9.They10.Heflies.rose.cooked.laughed?woke.talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterdayhavegoneisplaying

基本句型二Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）共同特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语句子中动作的承受者，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等

Showyourpassport,please.

Hedidn'tsayanything.

Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.

Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.

Theyaskedtoseemypassport.

Ienjoyworkingwithyou.

Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?

动词后！ＳＶ（实义动词）Ｏ(宾语)1.Who

2.She3.He8.He5.They6.Danny7.I4.Heknowslaughatunderstandsmadeatelikeswantsaidtheanswer?her.English.cakes.someapples.donuts.tohaveacupoftea."Goodmorning."基本句型三Ｓ+link-Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）共同特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,keep,remain,

等等。(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become,get,grow,turn,go,come,prove,等等

表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态Africaisabigcontinent.

Thatremainsapuzzletome.

What’syourfaxnumber?

Ifeelmuchbettertoday.

Herjobissellingcomputers.

Ournextstepwastogetrawmaterialsready.

Thepatientisoutofdanger.

Thisiswhathesaid.

连系动词后！ＳLink-Ｖ（系动词）Ｐ(表语)1.This2.Thedinner3.He4.Everything5.He6.Thebook7.Theweather8.Hisface

issmellsfelllooksisisbecameturnedanEnglishdictionary.good.happy.different.tallandstrong.interesting.warmer.red.Pleasegivemethebook.=Pleasegivethebooktome.give++=give++to+

directobject

直接宾语indirectobject

间接宾语

bring,give,lend,offer,pass,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,buy,call,cook,choose,find,sing等。常跟双宾语的动词：主谓间宾直宾

基本句型四Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。ＳＶ（及物）IO（多指人）DＯ（多指物）1.She2.She3.He8.He5.I6.I7.I4.He

passedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowed

himherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.

make/laugh

make/headmasterThemanmakesthegirllaugh.Theymadethemanheadmaster.

make/smallerhelp/findinformationTheInternetmakestheworldsmaller.Italsohelpsustofindinformationmuchfaster.主谓宾宾补－————－——————————————－————————－————

基本句型五Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+OC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）共同特点:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语:

位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词,形容词,不定式,动名词,分词,介词短语等。宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的

Iconsiderhimagentleman.

Washyourhandsclean.

Ifoundhimout.

Theyleftmewait.

Iheardmynamecalled.

Ithoughthimtobeagoodman.

Makeyourselfathome.

Hiswifehasmadehimwhatheis.

ＳＶ（及物）Ｏ（宾语）OC（宾补）1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.He8.Ikeeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedsaw

thetablethedoorsupperthehousehimhimmethem

clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.

简单句的六种基本结构：1.Thesunrises.2.Idon’tlikebasketball.3.Dannyistired.4.Shetellsmejokes.5.Ihelpedherbrushherteeth.主语+谓语（不及物动词）主语+谓语+宾语主语+系动词+表语主语+谓语

+间接宾语(人）+直接宾语（物）主语+谓语+宾语+宾补_______________________________________________________________________6.Thereisarivernearmyhome.Therebe+S(一)挑出下列句中的宾语①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.(二)挑出下列句中的表语--Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.--Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.--SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.(四)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.1.Theyworkhard.

主+谓2.Theflowerisdead.

主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.

主+谓+宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.

主+谓+间宾+直宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.

主+谓+宾+宾补6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.

主+谓练习:判断下面的句子是哪种句型Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.主+谓Thisfoodlooksinviting.主+系+表3.Theykepttheirmarriagea secret.主+谓+宾+宾补5.Thepalaceswerelargeandbeautiful.主+系+表6.Horse-riding,hammerthrowandshootingaresomeofthemoreunusualevents.主+系+表8.Iwillpickuprubbishfromtheground.主+谓+宾9.Youcanplantatreeorbuildabirdhouse.主+谓+宾10.Iwilltellmyfriendstoprotecttheenvironment.主+谓+宾+宾补Hefeelsdisappointed.Iloveoperas.Shealwaystellsmejokes.Thechildrencriedandshoutedeveryday.Thesmilingfacesofhischildrenmadehimhappyagain.Sheisquietandshy.Myfatherboughtmeausefuldictionary.Mrs.VonTrappdied.Shetaughtthechildrentosinglivelysongsandperformshortandfunnyplaystocheerthemup.Youmaybecomeunhappysometimes.Findoutthestructuresofthefollowingsentences.S+VS+V+OS+V+PS+V+O+OCS+V+PS+V+IO+DOS+VS+V+O+OCS+V+IO+DOS+V+P_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ALebanesewhohadleftthecountryforSyriaduringtheconflictbetweenIsraelandHizbollah,returnswithherfamilyfollowingtheceasefire,attheLebanon-SyriaborderinMagdelAnjarAugust14,2006.

S+VA53-pointwinoverSouthKoreawrappedupaperfectAsianexhibitiontourforastar-studdedU.S.teamonitswaytotheworldchampionships.S+V

+O

AccordingtothecurrentinformationheldbytheChineseauthorities,averdictarrivedatbytheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)andthebirdfluresearchandtestcentreofThailandwasarbitraryandbasedonthefactthatthevirusfoundinThailandandLaoswassimilartorecentfindsinsouthernChina,theministry'sstatementsaid.

s+link-v+p

FirstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFormatintheseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistwhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheEcolabpolytechnique.

这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。

简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。S+v+o实际应用I

Hesentmeane-mail,____togetfurtherinformation.

A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope实际应用I

_____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.

A.SleepB.SleepingC.TosleepD.Havingslept实际应用I

_____atthedoorbeforeentering,please.

A.KnockedB.ToknockC.KnockingD.Knock

实际应用I

_____bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.

A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive实际应用IThemanager,____hisfactory’sproductswerepoorinquality,decidedtogivehisworkersfurthertraining.

A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.beingknown实际应用I7.Itisbelievedthatifabookis____,itwillsurely_____thereader.A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest实际应用I

Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing实际应用ITheflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smellD.tobesmelt实际应用I–Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasn’tit?--Yes,_____morewordsandexpressionsandyou’llfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.

A.KnowB.KnowingC.Tok