高考英语阅读理解选编20

PAGE4-重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（20）阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2013·临沂市三模，D)Mapsoftheworld'spopulationshowthatthemajorityofpeopletodaylivenearwater.Welivealongcoastlines,aroundbays,upthecourseofriversandstreamsandonislands.Wealsovacationatthebeachandfindcomfortfishingonalake.Nothingmakessmallchildrenhappierthanthechanceofplayinginwater.Moresurprisingly,thishumanfavorforwatermakesevolutionary(进化的)sense.Sure,weneeddrinkingwatertolive,butwehavealsobenefitedfromwhat'sswimmingunderthewaves.NeuroscientistCrawfordoftheUniversityofCrawfordclaimsthatwhenhumansseparatedfromapes(类人猿)andappearedintheforestsofAfrica,theystuckclosetoriversandbeachesandstartedcatchingfish,clamsandcrabs.Thatseafoodwaspackedwithomega3fattyacids,essentialfattyacidsthatpromotebraincellgrowth.It'snocoincidence,Crawfordclaims,thathumanbraingrowthbegantoincreaserapidlyonceweleftthewoodsandheadedforthebeach.Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatpeoplewhoeatfishregularlyarelesslikelytosufferfromdepressionthanthosewhoeatlessseafood.BiochemistHibbelinoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthhasshownthatacrossculturesthereisadirectlinkbetweenamountoffisheateneachweekandratesofdepression.Moreinterestingly,HibbelinandresearcherLaurahavefoundthatfishiscommonlyusedasasymbolofhappinessandgoodhealthinvariousreligionsandcultures.Weknowthatfishandtheseaaregoodforus,andsoweseekthemout.Wevacationonthecoastandseethewavescomeandgo,feelinghappinesshastakenoverourbrain.Whenwemoveinland,orgohomefromvacation,welosetouchwithoursearootsandfeelunhappy.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。喜欢水并寻找有水的地方是人类的天性。1．Toexplainhuman'sfavorforwater,theauthor________.A．listssomeexamplesB．comparessomefactsC．analyzessomenumbersD．raisessomequestions答案：A写作手法题。为了说明人们对水的偏爱，作者在第一段里列举了许多例子。2．Humanbeingshavebenefitedalotfromseafoodbecause________.A．seafoodhasenoughwaterandisfreshB．fishesintheseahavelargeandcomplexbrainsC．ourancestorshadnothingtoeatbutseafoodD．itisabundantinfattyacidspromotingbraincellgrowth答案：D细节理解题。从第四段最后一句“Thatseafoodwaspackedwithomega3fattyacids,essentialfattyacidsthatpromotebraincellgrowth.”可知答案。产大部分都捐出去而不是留给自己的孩子”可知，此处that指把自己的财产留给孩子。答案：B4．解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“MrGates，whosteppeddownfromMicrosoftin2008toconcentrateonphilanthropy(慈善事业)”可知，比尔·盖茨现在专心于慈善事业，即帮助别人。答案：C5．解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍比尔·盖茨给孩子配手机时有年龄限制让孩子做家务，和他不准备把所有财产都留给孩子的例子，说明了盖茨先生想让自己的孩子像普通家庭的孩子一样成长，这些都是比尔·盖茨教育孩子的方法。答案：D。（2016高考阅读理解）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。SANTAMONICA，Calif，(KABC)—ASantaMonicaHighSchoolteacherwhowasputonleaveafterusingphysicalforcetocontrolastudentwhowassellingmarijuana(大麻)inhisclassroomhasreceivedsurprisingsupportonFacebook.Theincidentwascapturedonvideoandhascausedasuddenreactionfromparents，teachers，studentsandevengraduates.TheyareshowingtheirsupportforBlack.AFacebookpagesupporting“CoachBlack”hasover4,700likes.Andmanywanthimbackintheclassroom.StudentwitnessessayMarkBlack，whoisalsothewrestlingcoach，triedtoconfiscate(没收)abagofmarijuanaandwastheninjuredbythestudentwithapencil.ThecellphonevideoshowsBlacklockingthestudent’slegandpinningthestudenttotheground.“Hejustwanthimtostopandhewastryingtobeateacherandhelp，andIdon’tthinkitwashisfault，”saidstudentKylanTownsend.SchoolBoardmemberOscarDeLaTorresaysMr.BlackisoneofhisteachersatSantaMonicaHighSchool.“Iknowhimverywell.Iknowhimtobeafairperson，agoodperson，someonewhocaresdeeplyabouthisstudents，”saidDeLaTorre.HesaysthatthevideodoesnottellthewholestoryandthattheincidentbringstolighttheissueofdruguseButinanemailtoparents，SantaMonica­MalibuUnifiedSchoolDistrictSuperintendentSandraLyonsaystheteacher’sbehavioris“absolutelyalarming”．SheputBlackonleaveduringanindependentinvestigation.Lyonhascomeunderfirefromparentsforinitiallysayingthekindofphysicalactionusedbytheteacherwasunacceptable.OnSaturday，LyonreleasedthefollowingstatementtoEyewitnessNews：“Iwanttostressthatteachersareattimesconfrontedwithdifficulty，eventhreateningsituations，andtheymustmakejudgmentcallstoprotectsafety.Iwanttoemphasizethatputtingtheteacherwhowasinvolvedinthisincidentonleaveuntilcompletionofanindependentinvestigationisamatterofstandardpolicyandpractice；itinnowayprejudicestheoutcomeoftheinvestigation.”Stuentshopethesituationwillhaveaquickandjustresolution.Anonlinepetition(请愿书)hasalsobeencreatedbyoneofBlack’sformerstudents.Thepetitionhasalreadygainedthousandsofsignatures.Blackdidnotrespondtoarequestforcomment.1．WhatdoesthecellphonevideoonFacebookdisclose?A．MarkBlackinjuredastudentwithapencil.B．MarkBlackwrestledwithastudentinhisclass.C．MarkBlackconfiscatedabagandlockedastudent.D．MarkBlackcontrolledastudentwithphysicalforce.2．Inthefifthparagraph，theunderlinedword“it”refersto.A．makingjudgmentcallstoprotectsafetyB．puttingtheteacherinvolvedonleaveC．completionofanindependentinvestigationD．amatterofstandardpolicyandpractice3．Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat.A．thepeopleinvolvedinthemattersupportMarkBlackB．MarkBlackwillbeeventuallyfiredbytheSchoolBoardC．SandraLyonwonsomesupportfromparentsinitiallyD．nodecisionhasbeenmadefromtheinvestigationyet4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheTeacherPutonLeaveReceivedSupportB．ThousandsComeandSignthePetitionC．SchoolTeacherWrestledwithaStudentD．CellphoneVideoontheFacebookPage1．D2．B3．D4．A【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。London'snewestskyscraper(摩天大楼)iscalledtheShardanditcostabout430millionpoundstobuild.Ataheightofalmost310metres，itisthetallestbuildinginEurope.TheShardhascompletelychangedtheappearanceofLondon.However，noteveryonethinksthatitisachangeforthebetter.TheShardwasdesignedbythefamousItalianarchitectRenzoPiano.WhenhebegandesigningtheShardforLondon，Pianowantedaverytallbuildingthatlookedlikeaspire(尖顶)．Hewantedtheglasssurfacestoreflecttheskyandthecity.Thesidesofthebuildingaren'tregular.Sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.Itlookslikeaverythin，sharppieceofbrokenglass.Andthatishowthebuildinggotthename：theShard.PianosaysthatthespireshapeoftheShardispartofagreatLondontradition.TheshaperemindshimofthespiresofthechurchesofLondonorthetallmasts(桅杆)oftheshipsthatwereonceontheriverThames.TheShardhas87floors.Atthetop，thereisanobservatory.Atthemomentthebuildingisempty，buteventuallytherewillbeafive­starhotel.Therewillalsobetopqualityrestaurants，apartmentsandoffices.Beforebuildingworkbegan，alotofpeopledidn'twanttheShardthoughtheplanswereapproved.NowtheyarestillunhappyabouttheShard.SomecriticssaythatsuchatallskyscrapermightbegoodinacitylikeNewYork，butnotinLondon.TheysaythatthebestthingabouttheShardisitsspireshape.Butthatistheonlything.Thereisnodecoration，onlyflatsurfaces.TheEgyptiansdidthat4,500yearsago.TheyalsothinktheShardistoobigforLondon.Itdestroysthebeautyofthecity.Othercriticsdon'tlikewhattheShardseemstorepresent.TheysaythattheShardshowshowLondonisbecomingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordtobuytheexpensiveprivateapartmentsandstayinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamongthepoorestinLondon.SotheShardseemsasymbolofthedivisioninsocietybetweentheveryrichandthepoor.TheShardnowdominatestheLondonskyline.Itisnotcertain，however，thatordinaryLondoncitizenswilleveracceptitasavaluableadditiontothecity.1．London'snewestskyscraperiscalledtheShardbecauseof________.A．itscost B．itssizeC．itsshape D．itsheight2．WhenhedesignedtheShard，Pianowanteditto________.A．changeLondon'sskylineB．inheritLondon'straditionC．imitatetheEgyptianstyleD．attractpotentialvisitors3．ThecriticswhorefertosocialdivisionthinktheShard________.A．isonlypreferredbytherichB．isintendedforwealthypeopleC．isfarawayfromthepoorareaD．ispopularonlywithLondoners4．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheShard