Unit1PeopleofAchievement语言点课件高中英语人教版选择性

Unit1PeopleofachievementTuYouyouawardedNobelPrize1.award[əˈwɔːd]Thejudgesawardedequalpointstobothteams.awardsthtosb=awardsbsth判定，授予某人某物AcademyAward奥斯卡金像奖Herhusbandgotanannualpayaward.Thepoorworkergothisawards.n.(收入)增加n.裁定的赔偿金Thisyear’sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives,andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofpeople.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.Artemisininhasbecameavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.Thisyear’sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.思考：该句中有几种典型语法？1.被动语态2.定语从句3.同位语同位语中，被修饰词与同位语构成“主表”结构Artemisininisacrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.Over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldgetmalariaeachyear,andabout600,000diefromit.3.diefrom死于（某种外部原因）Youseekidsdiefromhunger.dieof因……死，死于（疾病、过度悲伤等）400peopleayeardieofthisdisease.Artemisininhasbecameavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.4.vitalGoodfinancialaccountsarevitaltothesuccessofanyenterprise.bevitalto/for....对...而言是很重要的Theheartisa

vitalorgan.Hisvitalwordsfilledthewholeteamwithcourage.vitalizev.激发，使...有生命力vitality[vaɪˈtæləti]n.活力，生命力adj.维持生命所必需的adj.生机勃勃的v.忠于，全身心投入v.犯罪，做错事v.下令把...送进监狱或医院In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.6.objectiven.目标Hetriedtotakeanobjectiveviewofthesituation.objectivelyadv.客观地objectivityn.客观性subjectiveadj.主观的adj.客观的In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthedisease.7.botanical[bəˈtænɪkl]adj.植物学的botany[ˈbɒtəni]n.植物学botanist[ˈbɒtənɪst]n.植物学家botan词根，意为植物，草Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.8.evaluate[ɪˈvæljueɪt]v.(经过仔细思考)评估，定值Ourresearchtrystoevaluatetheeffectivenessofthedifferentdrugs.evaluationn.评估，定值estimatev.大致估计，估算Weestimateditwouldcostabout€5000.Herteamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltexts,andevaluated

280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.9.propertyHoneysuckleisaplantwithmedicinalproperties.Thisbuildingisgovernmentproperty.Therearealotofemptypropertiesinthearea.n.特征，性质n.财产，所有物n.房产Fromtheirresearch,theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.10.distinctTheresultsofthesurveyfellintotwodistinctgroups.Hisvoicewasquietbuteverywordwasdistinct.BeingtallgaveTonyadistinctadvantage.distinctionn.区别，特质，杰出bedistinctfrom

与...不同adj.截然不同的adj.清晰的adj.确定无疑的theydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.11.promiseHerworkshowsgreatpromise.n.获得成功的迹象Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggestedusingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Tu’steamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffect.Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.Theirprojectgotstuck.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.Sheanalysedthemedicaltestsagain,andbychance,shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparently

destroyeditsmedicalproperties.Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggestedusingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.12.extract[ˈekstrækt,ɪkˈstrækt]n.提取物，摘录I'vesimplyextractedafewfigures.Journalistsextractallkindsofinformationaboutherprivatelife.Thedentistdecidethatthewisdomteethneedtobeextracted.extractionn.提取，血统，家世v.提取，榨取v.索取v.拔出，取出Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.13.liquidn.液体Icanheartheliquidsongofthenightingale.Thebabyhasliquideyes.Thebankhadsufficientliquidassetstocontinueoperations.adj.清脆的adj.清澈晶莹的adj.流动的Theythentriedboilingfreshwormwood,andusingtheliquidobtainedfromthistotreatmalaria,butthisdidnotworkeither.14.obtain[əbˈteɪn]v.获得Ifinallymanagedtoobtainacopyofthereport.Theseconditionsnolongerobtain.v.(规则，习俗等)流行,存在Theirprojectgotstuck.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.15.stuckadj.困住了Iwasstuckwithhimforthewholejourney.I'llhelpyouifyou'restuck.摆脱不了adj.犯愁的Theirprojectgotstuck.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.16.acknowledgev.承认(属实)Sherefusestoacknowledgetheneedforreform.Pleaseacknowledgereceiptofthisletter.Shedidn'tevenacknowledgemewhenshesawme.Igratefullyacknowledgesupportfromyourfamily.MostofpeopleacknowledgeMessiasafootballmaster.v.告知收悉v.致意v.公开致谢认为...是Sheanalysedthemedicaltestsagain,andbychance,shefoundonesentencesuggestingadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.17.analyse[ˈænəlaɪz]v.分析analysisn.分析inthefinal/lastanalysis归根结底；总之Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.18.concludev.断定，得出结论Heconcludedbywishingeveryoneasafetriphome.Atradeagreementwasconcludedbetweenthetwocountries.conclusionn.结论，结束，缔结v.使终止v.达成，缔结Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.19.apparentlyadv.显然地Itsoonbecameapparenttoeveryonethathecouldn'tsing.Hisapparentgracecheatseveryone.adj.显然的adj.表面上的，貌似的Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefoundasubstancethatwork.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971.TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Thismedicine,whichwascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.20.substance[ˈsʌbstəns]n.物质，物品Thereissomesubstanceinwhathesays.Loveandguiltformthesubstanceofhisnewbook.Nothingofanysubstancewasachievedinthemeeting.substantial[səbˈstænʃl]adj.重大的，坚固的，价值巨大的n.事实根据n.要点，实质n.重要性TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.21.insistv.坚持Sheinsistedonhis/himwearingasuit.insistondoingsth执意做某事insiston/uponsth坚持某事insistence[ɪnˈsɪstəns]n.坚持Atherinsistence,thematterwasdropped.AccordingtoTuYouyou,thediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffort.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.Thereisateambehindme,andallthepeopleofmycountry.ThissuccessprovesthatgreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.”ThissuccessprovesthatgreatvalueoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.”33.provev.证明JustgivemeachanceandI'llproveittoyou.proofn.证据/v.防护

34.circumstance[ˈsɜːkəmstəns]条件；环境；状况;命运in/underthecircumstances

在这种情况下in/undernocircumstances

决不35.flowchart流程图AlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestsecientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthsmartestmenwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc.Einsteinwasnotonlyagenius,hewasacourageousandkindfigurelovedbymanypeople.独立主格结构独立主格结构与主语之间没有句法上的联系，但是与句子的意义是紧密联系在一起的。它只能属于短语，而不可以单独成为一个句子，是一个独立于句子之外，但是又能表达一个句子意思的独特的结构。236.学说，理论Intheory,thesemachinesshouldlastfortenyearsormore.理论上来说ThisgentlegeniuswasborninGermanyon14March1879.Whenhewas16,hetriedtoenteruniversityinSwitzerland,butfailedduetohislowscoresinthegeneralpartoftheentranceexam,despiteobtainingexceptionalscoresinmathsandphysics.Afterstudyingforanotheryear,hemanagedtopasstheexam,enteringuniversityin1896andgraduatingin1900.37.dueto

因为，由于Theroadisclosedduetobadweather.Ourthanksareduetothewholeteam.Thenexttrainisdueinfiveminutes.Afterdueconsideration,wehavedecidedtogiveupthechoice.应归于/支付adj.预计的，预期的adj.恰当的Aftertwoyearsoflookingforworkasateacher,EinsteintookajobasaclerkintheSwisspatentoffice.Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.Thatsameyear,whichwaslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextrodinaryphysicspapers.Followingthis,hegraduaalybecamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIsaacNewton.Afterfouryears,hewasabletoquithisjobatthepatentofficeandenterresearchfull-timeatauniversity.In1922,hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysicsforhisexplanationofthephotoelctriceffect.Aftertwoyearsoflookingforworkasateacher,EinsteintookajobasaclerkintheSwisspatentoffice.38.patent[ˈpætnt]n.专利Thedevicewasprotectedbypatent.Weneedthepatentmedicine.Itwasapatentlie.adj.专利的adj.明显的Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorate

inphysicsin1905.39.passion[ˈpæʃn]c.n./u.n.激情，热情Shefliesintoapassionifanyoneevenmentionshisname.Shehadapassionforgardening.passionateadj.热情的，狂热的n.盛怒Thatsameyear,whichwaslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers.thephotoelctriceffect.40.extraordinaryextra-超出的，额外的ordinaryadj.普通的extraordinaryadj.非凡的，不一般的extraordinarilyadv.格外，尤其Followingthis,hegraduaalybecamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIsaacNewton.Afterfouryears,hewasabletoquithisjobatthepatentofficeandenterresearchfull-timeatauniversity.In1922,hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysicsforhisexplanationofthephotoelctriceffect.41.throughoutprep.自始至终，遍及Themuseumisopendailythroughouttheyear.Theyexporttheirproductstomarketsthroughouttheworld.Circumstanceschangedin1913,whenHitlercametopowerinGermany.Einstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsofacademic

institutionsclosedtohim.Asaconsequence,hehadtofleeGermany.AfterspendingtimeinEurope,hefinallytookupapositionasaresearcherattheInstiuteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton,USA.Followingthat,hecontinuedtomakegreatachievementsinphysicsandmathematics.42.academic[ˌækəˈdemɪk]adj.学术的，学业的academy[əˈkædəmi]n.学院，学术43.institutionn.机构，制度，名人instituen.研究所44.consequence[ˈkɒnsɪkwəns]n.结果，后果asaconsequence

因此inconsequence(ofsth)

由于Hehadtoaskadoctorforhelpinconsequenceofhisbadcough.Tothepublic,hewasseenasaslightlyodd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.Hehasathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,whichsometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceivedanelectricshock.Althoughhewasagenius,hesometimesforgotthings,likehisfriends’birthdays.Butdespitehispeculiarities,hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighbours.Thereisevenastoryabouthehelpedalittlegirlwhoknockedonhisdoorandaskedforhelpwithherhomework.Infact,Einsteinoftenencounteredpeopleonthestreetwhowouldstophimandaskhimtohelpexplainthings.Aftermanysuchoccasions,hefinallystartedsay:“Pardonme!So