英语语法1概要英语词汇根据词义句法作用和形式分实词虚词两个范畴

Unit1词组又叫短语，是围绕一定的中心词并按照一定语则结合起来的一组词。英语中的子成分的词组有五种：名词词组nounphrase、动词词组verbphrase、形容词词组adjectivephrase、副词词组adverbialphraseprepositionalphrase。【名词词组】aninterestingstory【动词词组】Ihaverarelyseenamoreinterestingfilm.我还未曾看过（比这）更有趣的影【形容词词组】Sorry，I'mlate.对不起，我了【副词词组】Hedrovecarefully.他谨慎地开车【介词词组】Wegottothe[4]MothercleansthehouseeverySaturday.每周六打扫房子（clean为动词Herroomisveryclean.房间非常干净（clean为形容词Openthedoor，please（open为动词Thedoorisopennow（open为形容词TheytalkabouttheirjourneyMrLiwantstohaveatalkwithyou.要跟你谈一下。（talk为名词Itoftensnowsheavilyatthistimeofyear（snow为动词Thegroundwascoveredwithsnow.覆盖了大地（snow名词)一些动词转化为名词时，take，makehave等连用而意思不变。如：DoyouliketowalkaftersupperIseldomtakeawalkaftersupperDon'tcallmeaftertenatnight.晚上10点以后别给我 Hermotherenjoyedmakingcallsatnight.她喜欢晚间 Shewilltryherbesttofinishrunningfivethousandmeters5000WillyouhaveatryWhoisthegirlinyellowbythedoor?门口那个穿黄色衣服的是谁？（yellow为名词Theyellowbikeoutsidethedoorismine（yellow为形容词Thepostofficeisjustontheright（right为名词Turnright，youwillfindthehospital往右拐，你就看见医院了。(right为副词Whydoeshisfatheroftencomehomelate?他的父亲为什么经常很晚才回家？（late为副词Heisoftenlateforschool.他上学经常（late为形容词Thelittlegirlswimsverywell（well为副词Iamverywelltoday（well为形容词HewillfallbehindinhisEnglishstudyifhedoesn'tworkhard.如果他再不努力的话，他的英语就会。(behind为副词)Shewassittingjustbehindmethen.那时她就坐在我的后面。(behind为介词Thecarpassedbywithsharpnoise.那辆车带着刺耳开了过去。(by为副词IlookedroundandsawhersittingbythewindowTheteachertoldhimtogoonreadingthenext老师让他继续读下一段课文。(on为副词)Onthetopofthemonument，thereisastatueofalike相同 awake醒着 alive活着 asleep睡着disappeardisobey disagree意见不合，不一misdirect误 misunderstand误 misfortune不review复 l复 rebuild重 evision电 egram电unfair unimportant不重要unknown未知的，无名 unfit不适应的，不胜任subway地 subsoil下层suburb郊区 subsonic亚音速的 subtitle副标题，impolite不礼貌 immoral不道德的， inactive不活跃 inanimate打采inexpensive不贵 inconvenient不方便forget忘 forgive原 forbidforsake弃supermarket超 superman超superpower超级大 ic超音速 ctive相互影响 intersection十字路interview接见，会 interchange交kilogram千 kilometer千 kilowatt千 -er或-teacher老 worker工 elevator电-manpostman邮递 Frenan法国-waitress女招 actress女演 hostess女主--

Japanese American European欧洲 Canadian-musician音乐 politiciantechnician技术-communist 艺术 physicist物理学-dom自 kingdom王 wisdom智-happinesssadness悲 kindness善-shop购 skating滑 painting绘-warmth热 health健 depth深-childhood童 neighbourhood邻 falsehood-friendship友 hardship艰 -invention发 attention注 revolution-safety安 honesty诚 difficulty-capable有能力 miserable悲惨 enjoyable使人喜欢-national国家 comical好笑 physical体力-southern南方 northern北方 eastern东方western西方 modern现代-beautiful美丽 helpful有帮助 wonderful奇妙successful-careless粗心 hopeless无希望 useless无用helpless无助 aimless无目标-friendly友好 lovely可爱 monthly每月-wooden木制 woollen羊毛制 golden金色-active积极 decisive决定性 passive exclusive除外-dangerous anxious焦急 poisonous-sunny晴朗 windy刮风 cloudy多云的-quickly很快 quietly安静 slowly慢慢 -fifteen十 sixteen十 nineteen十 thirteen十-twenty二 forty四 eighty八 ninety十-四 fifth第 eighth第 twelfth第十twentieth第二 hundredth第一-shorten使……变 sharpen使……变锋sadden使……悲 strengthen加-dictate听 translate翻calculate计 congratulate祝-modernize使……现代 apologize道 organize组HeadMeetsReturnedOverseasStudentsInBeijing.在京接

People'sPoliticalConsultativeAIDSVictimsSurgingInUs.美“”患者激增AIDS=AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome后天免疫缺损综合症，即“”PlOSaysBigIsraeliDriveAhead.巴解组织称以色列即将大举进攻。PlO=PalestineLiberationOrganization巴勒斯坦解放组织GSM=GlobalSystem EMS=ExpressMailServiceUNESCO教科文组UnitedNationsEducationalScientificAndCulturalOrganizationIMF国际金组织InternationalMonetaryFundWTO世界贸易组织WorldTradeIOC国际InternationalOlympicDJI道·指数Dow-JonesIndex PC个人电脑alComputerABM反弹道Anti-BallisticMissilePT公共关系PublicRelationsUFOUnidentifiedFlyingPMPrime GM总经理General al 普通高等学校入学考试NationalMatriculationEntranceTest 公共英语等级考试ThePublicEnglishTestSystemTOEFLTestofEnglishasaForeignmembersofthe表语 ernmentappointedherchiefdelegatetotheChristiandoesn'tbelievethestorytrue.不相信这故事是真的（形容词ThedoctoradvisedhertostayinbedforaTheysawherwalkingintothebookstore（分词短语）Thechildrensawthekiteupandup.（副词）Youshouldputyourbooksinorder.（介词短语）it作形式宾语代替其位置，而将其放到宾语Ifounditdifficulttofinishthetaskintime.我觉得按时完成任务很（不定式DoyouconsideritanygoodsendingmorepeopleWehavemadeitclearthatwedisagreed（从句含宾语补足语的句子改成语态时，原宾语和宾语补足语便分别成为主语和主语补足Wefoundhimworkingintheoffice.我们发现他正 工作Brucewasfoundworkingintheoffice.被发现 Thefuturebelongstoyouyoungpeople.未来是属于年轻人的。（名词Theyeachhaveadictionary（代词Isthereanyroomforustwo?（数词ThenarousedthequestionwhereweweretogetthemachineThedictionaryonthedeskismine（主语Ireadaboutitinthepaper（介词宾语Wehaveimportedsomemachines，butwearelackofGarywantsmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.要我帮他（宾语补足语Thechildrenlovetolistentofairytales（宾语HavinglivedinBeijingformanyyears，sheknewthecityveryReadingaloudisveryimportantinlearningaforeignIpreferwalkingtocycling.（介词宾语Thechildislikehismother（表语Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.（定语）infrontofthecar在车的前 accordington按照计aheadofscheduleinfrontof在……前 accordingto根 aheadof在……之形容词短语adjectivephraseTheNETEM(NationalEntranceTestofEnglishforMAMsCandidateswasextremelydifficultlastyear.去年的入学考试英语试题特别难（表语）副词短语adverbialphraseYoudidthejobquitewell你这个工作做得相当好。（状语generalsimplecompound包括两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句。其结构为“++简用来连接两个概念：常用的有and“同，和”，so“所以，因此”，therefore“所以，因此”，notonly...but（also）“不仅……而且”，neither...nor“既不……也不”等。如：Wehelpthemandtheyhelpus.Theearthattractsbodiestowarditscenter，soallbodiesfallinadirectlinetowardthatpoint.地球将物体向其中心吸引，因此所有的物体都呈直线向着那个点下落。Ithink，thereforeIexistEdithnotonlywritesherownys，sh