主题英语阅读-重庆大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年

主题英语阅读_重庆大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年SectionCReadingindepthReadthefollowingpassagescarefullyandthenfinishthetasksbelow.Moneymaynotbuyyoulove,butitturnsoutthatthegreenstuffcanbringhappiness,toapoint:Newresearchfindsthatthere’salimittohowbeneficialaloftyincomeistoanindividual’swell-being.“Thatmightbesurprising,aswhatweseeonTVandwhatadvertiserstellusweneedwouldindicatethatthereisnoceilingwhenitcomestohowmuchmoneyisneededforhappiness,butwenowseetherearesomethresholds,”leadstudyauthorAndrewJebb,adoctoralstudentintheDepartmentofPsychologicalSciencesatPurdueUniversity,saidinastatement.JebbandhiscolleaguesusedsurveydatafromtheGallupWorldPollcollectedfrommorethan1.7millionadultsages15andolderfrom164countries.Participantsansweredquestionsrelatedtolifesatisfactionandwell-being,aswellaspurchasingpower.Whereasemotionalwell-beingreferstoaperson’sday-to-dayfeelingsofhappiness,excitement,sadnessandanger,overallsatisfactioninlifeislargelyinfluencedbyhighergoalsandacomparisonofone’sbelongingswithothers’stuff.Onaverage,theresearchrevealedtheidealincomepoint,or“satiationincome,”is$95,000foroveralllifesatisfactionand$60,000to$75,000foremotionalwell-being.Thehighestsatiationincomerelatedtoone’soveralllifeevaluationwasfoundinAustraliaandNewZealand,wherehappinessincreasedupuntilabout$125,000.Bycontrast,thesatiationincomeinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean,was$35,000.InNorthAmerica,however,thethresholdforhappinesswasreachedwithanincomeof$105,000.Thisdatasuggeststhatincomemattersmoretoindividualslivinginwealthiernations,accordingtothestudy.“Again,thisamountisforindividualsandwouldlikelybehigherforfamilies,”Jebbsaidinthestatement.“Andtherewassubstantialvariationacrossworldregions,withsatiation—thepointbeyondwhichnomorehappinessisgainedand,infact,satisfactiongoesdown—occurringlaterinwealthierregionsforlifesatisfaction.Thiscouldbebecauseevaluationstendtobemoreinfluencedbythestandardsbywhichindividualscomparethemselvestootherpeople.”However,onceanindividualreachedthatthresholdofhappiness,additionalincreasesinincomeresultedinreducedlifesatisfactionandalowerlevelofemotionalwell-being,accordingtothestudy.Theresearcherssaidthisislikelybecausemoneyfulfillsbasicneeds,suchaspurchasingnecessitiesandpayingbills,butafterpeople’sneedsaremet,theyaredrivenbymaterialgainsandsocialcomparisonsthatmayultimatelylowertheirwell-being.“Atthispoint,theyareaskingthemselves,‘Overall,howamIdoing?’and‘HowdoIcomparetootherpeople?’”Jebbsaidinthestatement.“Thesmalldeclineputsone’slevelofwell-beingclosertothatofindividualswhomakeslightlylowerincomes,perhapsduetothecoststhatcomewiththehighestincomes.”Theresearchersalsoexaminedtheinfluenceofgenderandeducationonanindividual’soptimalincome.Overall,therewasnosignificantevidencesuggestingthelinkbetweenincomeandhappinesswasstrongerformenorwomen.However,incomesatiationdidvarybasedonanindividual’slevelofeducation.Specifically,individualswithahighereducationreportedamorepositivelifeevaluationandemotionalwell-beinginrelationtoahigherincome.Thisislikelyduetoincomeaspirationsandsocialcomparisonswithdifferentgroupsofpeople,theresearcherssaid.Thestudybuildsonpreviousfindingsthatsuggestpeoplewithhigherincomesdevotemoretimetoworking,commutingand/orchildcareand,asaresult,feelmorestressandtensionintheirdailylivesthanthoseinlowerincomebrackets.16.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

参考答案:

Whydopeopleassociatemoneywithhappiness?

SectionBReadingintheContextReadthefollowingpassagewithtenmissingwords.Learntoguessthemeaningsofthemfromthecontextandthenselectonewordforeachblankfromthelistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Eachhumanbeingisbornassomethingnew,somethingthatneverexistedbefore.Eachisbornwiththecapacitytowinatlife.Eachpersonhasa____6____wayofseeing,hearing,touching,tastingandthinking.Eachhashisorherowndistinctpotentials---____7____andlimitations.Eachcanbeasignificant,thinkingandcreativebeing---awinner.Whenwerefertoapersonasawinner,wemeanthewinnerisonewhoresponds____8___bybeingcredible,trustworthy,responsiveandgenuine,bothasanindividualandasamemberofasociety.Winnersdonot____9____themselvestoaconceptofwhattheyimaginetheyshouldbe;rather,theyarethemselvesandassuchdonotusetheirenergyputtingonaperformance,maintainingpretenceandmanipulatingothers.Winnersarenotafraidtodotheirownthinkingandtousetheirownknowledge.Theycan____10____betweenfactsandopinionsanddon’tpretendtohavealltheanswers.Theylistentoothers,evaluatewhattheysay,butcometotheirownconclusions.Winnersdonotplay“____11____”,nordotheyplaytheblaminggame.Instead,theyassumeresponsibilityfortheirownlives.Theydonotgiveothersafalseauthorityoverthem.Winnersaretheirownbossesandknowit.Winnersrespondappropriatelytothesituation.Theirresponsesarerelatedtothemessage____12____andpreservethesignificance,worth,well-beinganddignityofthepeopleinvolved.Althoughwinnerscanfreelyenjoythemselves,theycanalso____13___enjoyment,candisciplinethemselvesinthepresenttoenhancetheirenjoymentinthefuture.Awinnercaresabouttheworldanditspeople.Awinnerisnotisolatedfromthegeneralproblemsofsociety,butis____14___,compassionateandcommittedto____15___thequalityoflife.A.helplessB.greatlyC.capabilitiesD.sentE.authenticallyF.unintelligentG.postponeH.enhanceI.uniqueJ.concernedK.cooperativeL.distinguishM.improvingN.dedicateO.divide注意：此部分填写所选答案的大写字母编号即可，不需填写具体的单词。请勿输入空格键。6__________

参考答案:

I

Manufacturerstendtoexaggeratetheirproducts’meritsonadvertisements.

参考答案:

正确

Accordingtothepassage,theresearchersfoundwhetherpeoplefeelhappywasinfluencedby______.

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education

Advertiserstryhardeverymeanstowincustomers’strongpreferenceintheirproducts.

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正确

Advertisinginthenewspapers,radioprogramsandTVprogramsareequallyimportant.

参考答案:

错误

Manufacturersuseadvertisementstoremindconsumersofthenameandqualityoftheirproduct.

参考答案:

正确

SectionAExploratoryReadingSkimthefollowingpassageanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothepassage.Advertisinghasbecomeaveryspecializedactivityinmoderntimes.Inthebusinessworldoftoday,supplyisusuallygreaterthandemand.Thereisgreatcompetitionbetweendifferentmanufacturersofthesamekindofproducttopersuadecustomerstobuytheirownparticularbrand.Theyalwayshavetoremindtheconsumerofthenameandthequalityoftheirproduct.Theydothisbyadvertising.Themanufactureradvertisesinthenewspapersandonposters.Hesometimespaysforsongsabouthisproductincommercialradioprograms.Heemploysattractivesalesgirlstodistributesamplesofit.Heorganizescompetitionswithprizesforthewinners.Heoftenadvertisesonthescreensoflocalcinemas.Mostimportantofall,incountriesthathavetelevisionhehasadvertisementsputintoprogramsthatwillacceptthem.Manufacturersoftenspendlargesumsofmoneyonadvertisements.Webuyaparticularproductbecausewethinkthatitisthebest.Weusuallythinksobecauseoftheadvertisementsthatsayso.Somepeopleneverpausetoaskthemselvesiftheadvertisementsaretellingthetruth.Statements1.Demandisusuallygreaterthansupplyinmodernbusinessworld.

参考答案:

错误

Afterpeoplereachedtheiridealincomepoint,_______.

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theiremotionalwell-beingdisappeared

Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.

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thelowestsatiationincomeforhappinesswasfoundinNorthAmerica.

Whatdoes“satiationincome”(line1,Papa4)referto?

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Theincomepointofbringinghappinesstopeople.

4)_______

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opposite

5)_______

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playmates

6)_______

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emotionally

7)_______

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equality

8)_______

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initiative

9)_______

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status

10)_______

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change

Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Eachwordmaybeusedonlyonce.【图片】Thecompanychosetoandmorefullyutilizetheremainingworkers.

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downsize

Heturneduplaterinthetelevisionshow,questions.

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fielding

Thisdeliciousonomeletsarequickandeasytoprepare.

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variations

Hecontentedhimselfbyassuminganairof.

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superiority

America’sbeliefinitsownGod-ordainedstartedtoerode.

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uniqueness

HetalksintermsaboutthepromiseofAmericanlife.

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uplifting

TherewerefierceattacksontheBBCforallegedpolitical.

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bias

TheUSgovernmentismorejobsfromitspayrolls.

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slashing

Thefutureofthecompanywilldependonhowconsumersrespond.

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crucially

Shehasacharmthateverykidwouldliketoplayfunwithher.

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funky

ChoosethebestanswertoeachquestionwithinformationfromthepassageWhatdidtheauthorlearnaboutRussiansbeforehevisitedRussia?

参考答案:

Theyareverypolite.

HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutpeelingabananaforaladyduringhisfirstvisittoRussia?

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HefelthewasdoingtherightthinginlinewithRussianculture.

Howdidtheauthorrealizethathehadmadeaculturalblunder?

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HewaspolitelycorrectedbyaRussianduringhisthirdvisit.

Whatdoestheauthormeanbystudyingcross-culturaldifferences?

参考答案:

Makingacomparisonbetweenoneethnicgroupandanotherintermsofculture.

Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthepassage?

参考答案:

Hewasamaletourist.

Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Eachwordmaybeusedonlyonce.【图片】1.Onitsofficialwebsite,AirChinaemphasizesthatsafetyisitsNo.1priorityandthatallpilotshavegonethrough_________training.

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rigorous

2.Hewashiredto_________designandconstructionofthenewfacility.

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oversee

3.Theking________theartisttopainthisportrait.

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commissioned

4.Atfirstitseemedlikea(n)_________idea,butthenwerealizedthatitwasn’tsocrazyafterall.

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outrageous

5.Cashdividendswillbesentto_______ofthecompanyonMay1st.

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shareholders

Helpfuloppositeinmeaningto.

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harmful##%_YZPRLFH_%##F

AntonymsLight-heartedoppositeinmeaningto.

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intense##%_YZPRLFH_%##A

Backupissimilarinmeaningto.

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support##%_YZPRLFH_%##C

Self-esteemissimilarinmeaningto.

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self-worth##%_YZPRLFH_%##H

Feelingsadissimilarinmeaningto___.

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depression##%_YZPRLFH_%##G

Mentalissimilarinmeaningto.

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Phsychological##%_YZPRLFH_%##B

ThefollowingwordsoccurinPassageA.Choosethegivenwordstofillintheblanks.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.【图片】SynonymsConflictissimilarinmeaningto.

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E##%_YZPRLFH_%##clash

Fillintheblankswiththewordsorexpressionsgivenbelow.Eachwordorexpressionmaybeusedonlyonce.【图片】1.Europeansseemtofindthem______,anoddcaseofculture-envyinreverse.

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exotic

2.Thegovernmentneedstodosth.to______infation.

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tame

3.ThenaturalAmericanimpulseistosearchforsolutions,forpoliciesthatcan________againsttheseupheavals.

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prevail

4.HarryAllenhopedMayerwould“keepspeakingas______asheclearlycanagainstracism/whitesupremacy.”

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intelligently

5.Hedidnothoweversaythatthepresidentlied,butratherthathisresponsewas“____narrow”andevasive.

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suspiciously

6.AlsohedislikedCarter—seemedto_____hispersonalitywiththatofShandy's.

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associate

7.Therearethosewho______themselvesintomastersandbelievethemselvessuperiortoothers,ratherthanattheirservice.

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transform

8.Inhindsight,it'ssoobviousnowthatshewas______forhelpwithherproblems,butwejustdidn’tseeitatthetime.

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reachingout

9.Ordinarily,candidateshaveyearsto_____theirglobalagendasinrelativeobscurity.

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workout

10.Thevaluetohumanityofthesetwosciencesisnowestablishedas______.

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inestimable

6.Theyhavebeenchargedwith________andwillfullymakingfalsestatementstotheFBIinamatterinvolvinginternationalterrorism.

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knowingly

7.Daylightwasscarcelyvisiblethroughthe________window-panes.

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opaque

8.Youmightlearnthat______makeswasteifyoudosth.soquickly,resultinginmistakes.

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haste

9.Iwonderhowwecanhelpmyquick-temperednieceKarenloosenupandbealittlemore________ofcommonhumanflaws.

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tolerant

10.Cheapandefficiente-readerswillhave_______hugeeffectsonthebookpublishingindustry.

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comparably

Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionwithinformationfromthepassage.1.Whydidtheauthorandherhusbanddecidetocalltheyoungcouplebacktotakethecartothemechanic?

参考答案:

Becausetheyfeltalittleguiltyaboutthetransaction.

2.Whatdoes“struggling”(Para.1)mean?

参考答案:

Makingeffortsforabetterlife.

3.Whatwasthecauseoftheboltcominglooseonthesteeringcolumn?

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Becausethecarhadremainedidlefortoolong.

Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionwithinformationfromthepassage.1.AccordingtoJimRogers,whatshouldparentsespeciallydotopreparetheirchildrentofacethe21stcentury?

参考答案:

Toensurethattheygrowupwithaglobalperspective.

2.Accordingtothepassage,rapidglobalizationisseenas______.

参考答案:

athreattoAmerica’sprosperity

3.JimRogersimmerseshisfamilyinaChinesespeakingenvironmentmainlybecause______.

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hewantsthemtobewellpreparedforthenewcentury

4.PamelaWolfwasmentionedasanexampletoshowthat_____.

参考答案:

theRogersarenotaloneinseeingtheneedtogivetheirchildrenaglobalperspective

5.Thearticletriestotellusthat_____.

参考答案:

Americanparentsarecleveratcultivatingtheirchildrenwithaglobalperspective

4.Whydidsomemanagerssurvivethedown-sizings?

参考答案:

Becausetheyarealwayshonestintheirwork.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefirminmarketingtheirproductindevelopingcountriesinthe1970s?

参考答案:

Critical.

ReadpassageAandfillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Eachwordmaybeusedonlyonce.【图片】Experts____________thatbetween80000to100000landslidesfollowedthequake.

参考答案:

estimate

Meanwhile,Volkswagen'ssharepricesoaredin____________ofanagreementwithAmericanregulatorsoveranemissions-cheatingscandal.

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anticipation

Thesearebeing____________evenbyourdevicesagaintoday.

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augmented

Thisis_____________theexpansionoftheuniversedrivinggalaxieseverfurtherfromeachother.

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accelerating

Electronicbankingmaymakeover-the-countertransactions______________.

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obsolete

Themainregionalbody,theSouthAsianAssociationforRegionalCo-operation,isan____________.

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irrelevance

If_____________bysensiblefiscalreforms,thepotentialjumpinGDPaftertenyearsrisestoover20%.

参考答案:

complemented

ReadPassageBagainandtrytomatchtheimpliedideasofsomegivenparagraphs.A.Para.2B.Para.4C.Para.5D.Para.6E.Para.8F.Para.11G.Para.12____________Theyfoundgreatenjoymentinhousesorting,organizingandpurging.

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F

_____________Billwassocalmfacingthesituation.

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E

______________Thoughtheyfoundworkagain,theyhaveanewunderstandingoftheirlifefromtheirexperienceintheGreatRecession.

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G

______________ThewifethinksBillshouldnotleavehisjob.

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D

_______________Billenjoyedbothhisworkandfamilylife.

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B

_______________Thecouplehadaneasyintheirwork.

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A

_________________TheGreatRecessionchangedthecouple'slife.

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C

Thebookpresentsa____________distortedpicture.

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fundamentally

Modern_____________haschangedthis.Eithermanwillabolishwar,orwarwillabolishman.

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ingenuity

Ifeltreal____________formymotherandwhatshehadbeenthrough.

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empathy

Sheherselfwiththecampaignagainstdrugabuse.

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identified

Later,someofhisfindingsmuchpopularinterestinhisbook.

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aroused

Itisainstincttofleeaplaceofdanger.

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primitive

Yourisyourgoodopinionofyourselforyourrespectforyourself.

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self-esteem

Fillintheblankswiththewordsorexpressionsgivenbelow.Eachwordorexpressionmaybeusedonlyonce.【图片】1.Ifyoukeepdrinkingandsmoking,you’regoingtoallkindsofhealthproblems.

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endupwith

Thelawthegovernmenttoreleasecertaindocumentstothepublic.

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obliges

Thesemicrobiomestheirownerswithamazingabilities.

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bestow

Myfatherexcelledinbusinessaboveallbyimaginationand.

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inventiveness

Sheplanstobecomeadoctorandnoonehadbetter.

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standinherway

Congressquicklytheveto,forcingthesanctionsintolaw.

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overrode

Nonativesknowsowellhowtoandbeunpleasanttotravelers.

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aggrieve

Aseriesofconflictswithintheadministrationhashealthcarereformyetagain.

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setback

SenateRepublicansarepreparingtovoteonabillthatwouldtherule,whichisunpopularinthefinancialindustry.

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overturn

Theboardwillclaimsmadeagainstteachers.

参考答案:

adjudicate

Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Eachwordmaybeusedonlyonce.【图片】Therewerejoyouscelebrationsalloverthecountry,withparadesandtheringingofchurchbellstohonorthegreat.

参考答案:

achievement

【图片】Thepassageisspeakingstronglyagainstthepatentsystem—baseduponthe①that“patent-lawyersaremastersofobfuscation”andthatpatentsarebeingusedbothbyestablished②andpatenttrollstostiflefurtherinnovation.Thesystemhascreatedaparasitic③oftrollsanddefensivepatent-holders,whoaimtoblockinnovation,oratleasttostandinitsway④theycangrabashareofthespoils.Anearlystudyfoundthatnewcomerstothesemiconductorbusinesshadtobuylicensesfromincumbentsforasmuchas$200m.Patentsshouldspur⑤ofinnovation;instead,theyareusedtolockinincumbents’advantages.Thepatentsystemisexpensive.Adecade-oldstudy⑥thatin2005,withoutthetemporarymonopolypatentsbestow,Americamighthavesavedthree-quartersofits$210billionbillforprescriptiondrugs.Theexpensewouldbeworthitifpatentsbroughtinnovationandprosperity.TheEconomisthasalongstandingpro-competitionanti-patentbent.Inthe1800’sTheEconomistproposedfull⑦ofthepatentsystem.Thepaper’sstanceisnolongeropposition,butdoescomewiththeinterestingstatementthat“governmentshouldforcetheownersofintellectualpropertytoshare.”Theirproposals:1)PatentUseRequirement—thepatentshouldonlybe⑧ifthepatenteeusesitinthemarketplace.2)Patent⑨—patentsshouldbeeasiertochallengewithoutgoingtocourtandtheburdenofproofshouldbelower.3)Thestandardfornon-obviousnessshouldberaisedsothatpatentsareonlygrantedtothose“whoworkhardonbig,freshideas,ratherthanthosewhofilethepaperworkonatiddler.”4)Patenttermshouldbereduced—⑩infast-movingtechnologyareas.①

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argument##%_YZPRLFH_%##D

②

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incumbents##%_YZPRLFH_%##G

③

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ecology##%_YZPRLFH_%##A

④

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unless##%_YZPRLFH_%##J

⑤

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bursts##%_YZPRLFH_%##O

⑥

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reckons##%_YZPRLFH_%##K

⑦

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abolition##%_YZPRLFH_%##B

⑧

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enforceable##%_YZPRLFH_%##M

⑨

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opposition##%_YZPRLFH_%##E

⑩

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especially##%_YZPRLFH_%##I

4.Theenormousforeigndebtisthemaintotheeconomicdevelopment.

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impediment

3.Jeffhasgotalltherightforthejobbutistemperamentallyunsuitableforit.

参考答案:

qualifications

2.Thereisagreatvarietyofstoresinthisnewly-builtshoppingmall,verylarge“departmentstores”,offeringclothing,householdgoodsaswellaschildren’stoysverysmallexclusiveonesthatspecializeinjustonekindofproductorbrand.

参考答案:

rangingfromto

Completethefollowingsentenceswiththefollowingwordsorexpressionsfromthepassage.Changetheformwherenecessary.【图片】1.Clearlywhatweshoulddofirstistoreadliteratureandcollectdata/informationwhichisthesis.

参考答案:

astrongpreparationfor

AnEnglishmajorwithabasicgroundinginsciencehaveexcellentpreparationsforstudyandcareerinmedicine.

参考答案:

正确

InthemovieLegallyBlonde,EllenWoodswasadmittedbyHarvardLawSchoolmainlybecauseofherhighscoreinLSAT.

参考答案:

错误

Oneshouldfollowastrictregimenofcoursesdirectlyrelevanttothecareerchoices,thatis,oneshouldmakespecializedpreparationforlawschoolandmedicalschoolinUS.

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错误

MostpeoplehaveastereotypedviewthatEnglishmajorsmustpursuetobejournalistsorteachersaccordingtoparagraph1.

参考答案:

正确

Theissuehascausedgreattensionbetweenthetwocountriesandcouldleadtoamilitary.

参考答案:

confrontation

Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Eachwordmaybeusedonlyonce.【图片】Taxesarea(n)__________whichmayfalloneverybody.

参考答案:

obligation

We________theauthority'sdecisionnottoclosethehospital.

参考答案:

applauded

Thedoctor'sinstructionsmustbe_________exactly;thesickman’slifedependsonit.

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fulfilled

Dotheseopinionpollsreally_______whatpeoplearethinking?

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mirror

Iprefertothinkofmemorizationasastepping-stoneto_________inuseofwordsandphrases.

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flexibility

Inherofficememosshetendedto_________theworkdonebyherstaff.

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devalue

Thehistoryofrailroadtransporthaspartlybeenahistoryof__________forgreaterefficiencyandprofit.

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striving

Hetookonthenewpostwithouthavingthefaintestideaofwhatit__________.

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entailed

Heisone_________ofthegreatestexpertsinthatfield.

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supposedly

Absolutesecrecyisessential._________,thefewerwhoareawareoftheprojectthebetter.

参考答案:

Consequently

ChoosethebestanswertoeachquestionwithinformationfromthepassageIntheauthor'sopinion,menarenotsureofwhattheyactuallywantbecause___________.

参考答案:

thisisthemen'sworldandtheytaketheirsocialstatusforgranted

Bysaying“wesubcontractedourphysical,emotional,andpracticalneedstowomen”(para.3),theauthorimpliesthat________________.

参考答案:

menaretoobusywithworktocaterfortheirownneeds

Accordingtothepassage,theauthorislikelytoagreethat____________.

参考答案:

men'sdevotiontoworkdoesnotnecessarilymeanasenseofaccomplishment

Thetoneofthepassageis_________.

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sarcastic

Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticleisto__________.

参考答案:

argueforamovementformaleequality

Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriateword.Nowadaysthereisamediatrendtowarddiminishingtheimportanceoffath