Masoneilan调节阀计算选型步骤课件

13.1DefinitionandClassificationofValves定义和分类

ValveDeviceswithmovablemechanismthatregulatetheflowoffluidsorgatesbyopening,closingorobstructingitspassages.ControlValveRegula-torAutomaticAutomaticallycloseoropenbymeansofpressure,buoyancy,centrifuge,electricity,etc...Receivenecessarypowertocloseoropenfromanauxiliaryenergysuchasairpress.,oilpress.,electricpoweretc..ManualManuallyopenorcloseReceivenecessarypowertocloseoropenfromtheobjectfluidtobecontrolled(press..temp.,buoyancy,etc..)3.OutlineofValves阀概述23.2FunctionofValves3TravelrequiredforvalvestrokeTravelResponsecharacteristicsufficienttocontrolsystemResponseUponpowerfailure,ActiontosafesideofcontrolsystemFailureActionPowerStiffnessEnvironment(Explosion,Dust&Waterproofetc..)Reliability,Durability,MaintainabilityOthersDrivingforcetoovercomeunbalancedforce,friction&seatsurfacepressureStiffnessdesigntokeepstableactionforvaryingstemthrust3.3FunctionofRequiredforActuators43.4ComparisonofActuators54.1SelectionProcedure4.4AccessorySelection4.3ActuatorSelection4.2MaterialSelection4.SelectionofControlValves

ManufacturertoExecuteRequisition

Press.RatingAssumeCVTypeFluidConditions

Fluid,Flow,Sp.Gr.Inlet&OutletPress.DecideBody&TrimSizeAssumeCVSizeCv&VelocityCalculationCvCalculationSeatLeakageLineSizeConn.TypeDesign(Max)Press.&Temp.4.1ControlValveSelectionProcedureNoiseLimitDecidePress.RatingNoiseCalculationMaterialSelectionBody,Packing,Trim,GasketDownstreamlineSize&WallThicknessAccessorySelectionActuatorSelectionFlowCharacteristicAccessoryFlowCharacteristicActionPowerSourceDecideTrimSizeSizingEndClienttoSpecify7ValveBodyPortionActuatorPortionBonnetPortionBodyS/A4.1.1ControlValveStructure8SingleportDoubleportCageMulti-stage3-WaySplitbodyGlobeTypeRotaryTypeEccentricrotaryplugCamflex®

ButterflyBallAngleTypeSingleportCageMulti-stageSplitbody4.1.2TypeofControlValve9¤:Good

m:Fair,s:NeedtoDiscuss

I:NotRecommandedValveTypeSelectionGuideNoiseReductionStartLargeCapacityLargeSizeMedium/SmallSizeSmallFlowButterfly41000CageValve21000SingleSeat28000VariPak41000Lo-DBSingle/DoubleCage21700or2190021000SHNoisereductionbySmallJetsthroughmultiholesNoisereductionbySmallJetsthroughmultiholes&StraigtenedFlowFeatureNoisereductionbySmallJetsthroughmultiholesAntiCavitationStartLargeCapacityLargeSizeMediumSmallSizeSmallFlowButterfly41000CageValve21000SingleSeat28000VariPakMedium/SmalDPLargeDPLargeDP28000-5VariLogMedium/SmallDP41000Lo-DBCage41065,41075VRT78000790004101921700ValveType12

4.1.3MajorApplications13ASMEB16.34(Material:ASTMA105,A216WCB)Press.Temp(ºC)class2500class1500class900class300class150class6004.1.4PressureRatings(Mpa)144.1.5SeatLeakageStandard:ANSI/FCI70-2

15CvValueCalculation(Flashing&Cavitationcheck)NoiseCalculationFlowVelocityCalculation(ConsiderHammerring,Vibration&Frictionduetohighvelocity)4.1.6CVSizingCalculation16Lowerlimitofvalvesizeshouldbe2sizesdown.Ex:Forlinesize10”,6”islowerlimitingsize.4.1.8TrimsizeselectionguideFormax.cond.=about80~90%Fornormalcond.=about40~80%Formin.cond.=about10%orhigherCVopeningtravel:Foratmosvent,100%openingisallowable.Incasewheretherangeofmax.andmin.exceedcontrollableCvratio,multipleofcontrolvalvesshouldbeused.(splitrange)Whenlimitingmax.discharge.(Max.stoppertobeprovided)4.1.7LinesizevsValvesizeFLforvariousvalvetypesatvariousvalveopeningsEffectofpipereducersTwophaseflow(Liquid-Vaporphase)Viscousliquids4.1.9OtherCVSizingCalculations18MaterialStrength:Resistanttoworkingpress.andnodeformationEconomy:Lowcost,Machinability,FewdefectsTemperature:HighTemp.:ThermalStressLowTemp.:BrittlefractureCorrosionResistance：

Corrosion,Erosion(Cavitationetc.)BodyMaterial:EquivalenttoorbetterthanLineMaterialTrimMaterial:Selecttoapplication,StainlessSteelasminimum.

4.2.1MaterialSelection4.2.2ConsiderationforMaterialSelection4.2MaterialSelection194.2.1KindofMaterial204.2.2KindofMaterial214.2.3KindofMaterial22ValvePlug:StelliteSheathStelliteSeatSeatRingSeatRing：

StelliteBoreStelliteSeatPlug4.2.4StelliteCoating23PlugTypeSeatringTypeTeflonInsert4.2.5SoftSeatTrim4.2.6SelectionofBonnetType&GlandPackingMaterials-196-29-1002304256503002500P#6610+P#316Temp.(°C)(class)600Press.RatingStandardBonnetExtensionBonnetLongExtension

BonnetP#6616CL+P#6710CLP#4519MWithLubricatorExtensionBonnet900P#6315CLWithLubricatorP#6315CL350-504.2.7SelectionofBodyGasketLiquid&SteamGas302010-200-502006500300302010-200-50206500300Temp.(C)

(MPa)FluidPress.Non-std.rangecase-by-caseselectionT#1806T#1806T#1806-GRNon-std.rangecase-by-caseselectionT#1806-GRTemp.(C)26SpringDiaphragmSpringlessCylinderSpringCylinderPneumaticTypeActuators4.3ActuatorSelection274.3.1ComparisonofPneumaticActuators

28POSITIONERI/PTRANSDUCERAIRSETLOCKUPVALVETRANSFERVALVEBOOSTERRELAYSPEEDCONTROLLERSOLENOIDVALVELIMITSWITCHPOSITIONTRANSMITTERVOLUMETANKLIMITSTOPPERHANDWHEELQUICKEXHAUSTVALVE4.4AccessoriesSelection29Positioners

Improvementofresponse(ResponseLag,ActionSpeed)

ImprovementofprecisioninvalveopeningSplitRangePneumatic/PneumaticType(P/PType)Electric/PneumaticType(E/PType)SmartType(SVI)Fieldbus

InputSignal:20~100kPaInputSignal:4~20mAInput&OutputSignal:4~20mAInput&OutputSignal:Digital30Airsets(FilterRegulator)LockupValvesBoosterRelaysSolenoidValvesLimitSwitchesSettingsupplyairpressuretopositionerandotherdevices.CleaningofinstrumentairbyfilterUponairsupplyfailure,holdairpressureinsideactuatorsoastoretainvalveopeningasis.Capacityamplification：Improvementofactionspeed.Signalamplification：Ex[in：out

=1:2]input20-100kPa

output40-200kPaApplication

ForON/OFF->Capacity

ForControl->UniversalTypeExplosionClassElectricPowerSources（DC,AC-Hz)DirectionofactionContactCapacityExplosionproofClass5.1CvCalculation5.2NoiseCalculation5.3NoisePrediction&ReductionCV[FlowCoefficientDefinition]ThenumberofU.S.gallonsperminuteofwaterat15Cwhichwillpassthroughagivenflowrestrictionwithapressuredropof1psi.5.ControlValveSizing&NoisePrediction5.4FlowCharacteristic

325.1CvCalculationIEC60534-2-1FlowCapacity-SizingEquationforFluidFlowunderInstalledConditions(1998-09)TurbulentFlow&Non-TurbulentFlow(Rev<10,000)CriticalFlow(Cavitation&Flashing)&Sub-criticalFlowStaticpress.Decreaseswithincreaseofflowvelocityatvenacontractaandrecoverswithdecreaseofflowvelocityatdownstreamofvenacontracta.

Criticalconditions●

Liquid：Vaporizing●

Vapor：SonicvelocityLiquidPressureRecoveryFactor,FLfPPFLDD=34FlashingTurbulentFlow

FullCavitationIncipientCavitationPVP1P1P2P1P2PVP2PVP1P2PVPress..Press..Press..Press..Pressurerecoveryphenomena

355.2NoiseCalculationLiquidIEC534-8-4PredictionofNoiseGeneratedbyHydrodynamicFlow(1994-05)FlashingNoise-NoCalculationMethodGas&SteamIEC60534-8-3ControlValveAerodynamicNoisePredictionMethod(2000-07)ValveOutletVelocity M0

0.3Mach:Standardtrim M0

0.2Mach:Noise-reducingTrimDownstreamPipeVelocity M2

0.8Mach5.3NoisePrediction&Reduction375.3.1HydrodynamicNoise

38CavitationControl

SelectaLargeFL

valveMakevalvepressuredropsmallEvaluatethelocationofvalvetobeinstalledInstallrestrictorLightcavitation/Flashing

SelectarigidvalvetypeSelectanti-erosionmaterialsfortrim

5.3.2HydrodynamicNoisePreventiveMeasures39SelectionofcavitationcontroltypevalveFluidsjettedthroughMultiple-orificecageimpingeeachotherandthefluidenergytobeconsumed(41000LO-DB®TypeValve)Fluid5.3.10Rev0inletBubblesimpingeandcollapseMultiple-orificecageoutlet5.3.3HydrodynamicNoisePreventiveMeasures40SelectionofAnti-CavitationvalveUseofMultiple-stagepressurereducingvalvetopreventcavitation78000,7900041019TypeValve78000SeriesValve79000SeriesValveConventionalValve5.3.4HydrodynamicNoisePreventiveMeasuresTheefficiencyofconversionbetweenmechanicalandacousticalpowerisreduced.Shiftoftheacousticenergytothehighfrequencyregions.Increaseofnoisereductionratebypipewall.Outsidetherangeofhearingfrequency.Reducetheshock-eddybythemutualinteractionofthefluidjets.UseofSmallFluidJetsSelectionofMultiple-holeTrim

[41000SeriesLO-DB®etc.]5.3.5AerodynamicNoise

AerodynamicNoiseReductions[SourceTreatment]425.3.6LowNoiseTrimSingleStageMultiFlowSingleFlowPath,MultistageMultipath,Multistage43ValveOutletVelocityGeneratedNoiseStandardTrimMo0.3MachLowNoiseTrimMo0.2MachThesoundgeneratedatthevalveoutletcanbeconsiderednegligible.StandardTrim0.3<Mo1.0Mach

LowNoiseTrim0.2<Mo1.0MachThevalveoutletnoisemustbecalculatedandlogarithmicallyaddedtothevalvenoise.Thedownstreampipevelocityshouldbe0.8Machorless.1.0Mach<MoThegeneratedshockwavecausesvibrationsaswellasnoise.TheMachnumberof1.0shouldbekeptasarulebyapplyinglargersizevalveorrestrictor.5.3.7ValveOutlet,VelocityNoiseSelectionofLO-DBcartridgeorLO-DBplateDecreasepressureratioofvalveDecreasedownstreamvelocityofvalvePropagationprotectionofgeneratednoiseNoisereductiongeneratedbyrestricteritselfLO-DBcartridgeUseofLO-DBrestricterF.C.bytrimF.C.tovariationofactuatoractionbypositionerF.C.inherenttovalvetypedesign(Miniflowvalve,LO-DBvalve,Anti-Cavitationvalveetc..)SingleDoubleVportCage5.4FlowCharacteristic(F.C.)GeneralSelectionGuideofFlowCharacteristicConstantValveDPValveDPislargerthen2/3ofsystemDP(Ex.PumpMinimumFlowValve)ValveDPdecreaseswhenflowrateincreses(Ex.BoilerFeedwaterValve)FlowControlValveCharact.LinearLinearEQ%EQ%47Travel(%)RatedCv(%)Eq%LinearEq%LinearE/q%-LinearUniversalSemi-ThrottleFlow

Characteristic

=Kv/Ks

=[Valvefluidresistance]/

[Totalsystemresistance]

LinearEqualpercentageTravel(%)Thelinearflowcharacteristicapproacheson-offoperationasthevalvefluidKvbecomesasmallerpercentageoftotalsystemresistanceKs.Theequal-percentagecharacteristic,ontheotherhand,approachesthelinearcharacteristic.Flow(%)InstalledFlowCharacteristic6.MaintenanceofControlValve506.1DailyCheckupItems512.LeakagefromglandpackingChecktighteningallowance1.Corrosion,deformationofbodystuds&nutsLubricatorcorrosionofscrews,guantityofgrease3.corrosion,deformationofglandstuds&nuts6.2DailyVisualCheckupPointsofBodyLeakagefromgasket52Size:#9,#11,#13Size:#15,#1810.VentelbowProtectionagainstrainwater7.replacementtostainlesssteelcasebolts&nuts(anti-corrosion,easymaintenance)5.DeteriorationofdiaphragmCheckthediaphragmexposedfromthecasebytouchingorvisually.Also,considerthereplacementcycle.11.DeteriorationofindicaterscaleDirectActuatorReverseActuator6.Corrosionofupper&lowercase8.CorrosionofyokeEspeciallyincaseofglandleak6.3DailyVisualCheckupPointsofActuator536.4.1FailureMechanismAssumptionTableBodyBonnetPartsFunctionPressureretainingpartwithoutfailureunderthespecifiedconditionFailureMadeErosionCorrosionFatigueCrackShortageofwallthicknessbyabrasionontheinteriorCrackontheinteriorFailurePhenomenonCauseFailureMechanismFluidScaleVelocityDP

FluidMaterialPress.VariationTemp.VariationHighvelocityfluidJetfromseatFailuremechanismErosionontheinterior(FluidLeak)FluidErosionontheinteriorInternalpress.stressvariationThermalstress.variationAccumlatedstrainFatiguecrackFluidMaterialPressureretainingpartwithoutfailureunderthespecifiedconditionCorrosionFatigueCrackShortageofwallthicknessbyabrasionontheinteriorCrackontheinteriorCorrosionontheinteriorFluidMaterialPress.VariationTemp.VariationMaterial(FluidLeak)(FluidLeak)Erosionontheinterior(FluidLeak)Internalpress.stressvariationThermalstress.variationAccumlatedstrain(FluidLeak)Fatiguecrack546.4.2Failure