2023年八年级暑期话题阅读每日一练：环境保护（含解析）

第第页2023年八年级暑期话题阅读每日一练：环境保护（含解析）2023年八年级暑期话题阅读每日一练：环境保护

（共9题）

一、阅读理解题（共9题）

Astheworld'spopulationcontinuestoincrease,sodoestheamountofglobalwastepeopleproduce.AccordingtodatacollectedbytheWorldBankGroup,nationsareonpacetoproduce4billiontonsofwasteeveryyearby2100.Manyexpertsarecallingtheproblemofglobalwasteaworldwidehealthcrisis(危机)becauseitisruiningtheworld'soceans,airandsoilandendangeringthehealthofalllivingthings.

Foryears,governmentshavebeentellingpeoplethatlivingazero-wastelifestyleisthewaytogo.Oneexampleofthisiswhat'softencalledthethreeR's:reduce,reuse,recycle.Inthatcase,lessmoneyisspentonwastemanagement.Suchpositiveeffectsonaneconomy(经济)—asaresultofapplyingthebasicrulesofreduce,reuseandrecycle—isknownasacirculareconomy.

Nowsomestoresarehelpingpeopledothat.Sometimes,grocerystoresproducewastewhentheythrowawayfoodincludingfruitandvegetablesthatdon'tlookgoodanymore.Inothercases,it'spackagedfoodthatisnearingthe"sell-by"dateprintedonthepackagewhichisnotconsideredsafetoeat.Tosolvethisproblem,businesspeopleareopeningsmallerzero-wastestores.Insteadofsellingfoodinpackages,thesestoresofferitinopencontainers.Customersbringtheirownbagsorcleancontainerstothestore.There,theyfilltheirbagsorcontainerswitheverythingfromnutsandricetooilandsauce.Theypayforonlytheamountofeachproductthattheyneed.Zero-wastestoresoftensellfruitandvegetablesaswell.Whenthesegoodsstarttolookold,they'resoldatadiscountordonatedtoacharity.Inspiredbythesesmallerzero-wastestores,somelargesupermarketsaretakingsimilarstepstoreducetheamountofwastethattheyproduce.

Byfollowingacircularsystem,moreproductsthaneverarebeingproducedusingrecycledmaterials.Forexample,usedtires(轮胎)canberecoveredtopaveroads,whileplasticisreusedtomakenewplasticproducts.Environmentally-friendlydecisionslikethesehelptoprotectandsavenaturalresources,reducepollution,savelandfillspaceandevencreatenewjobopportunities.Recyclingcantrulyturngarbageintogold.

(1)Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph

A．Toexplaintheexperts'opinion.

B．Todiscussthereasonoftheproblem.

C．Todrawpeople'sattentionontheproblem.

D．TointroducearesearchoftheWorldBankGroup.

(2)Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A．grocerystoressellbad-lookingfoodcheaper

B．somesupermarketswillsellfoodwithoutpackages

C．governmentsdecidedtospendlessmoneyonrecycling

D．customerswillpayforthecontainersinzero-wastestores

(3)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage

A．ZeroWaste,FullRecycle

B．LessGarbage,MoreGold

C．GlobalWaste,aWorldwideCrisis

D．Zero-wasteStores,GarbageKiller

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Tohelptheenvironment,manyAmericanshavemadethechangefrompaperandplasticbagstoreusableshoppingbags.ButareportbyaFloridanewspapersaysthatreusableshoppingbagssoldbysomesupermarketshavehighlevelsoflead(铅),whichcanbedangeroustohumans,especiallyyoungchildren.Now,there'sacallforarethinkabouttheuseofreusableshoppingbags.

"Whenourfamiliesgotothestorelookingforsafeandhealthyfoods,thelastthingtheyshouldbeworryingaboutisabag,"CharlesSchumer,agovernmentofficialsaid."Quickandcompleteresearchwillalloweveryonetomakerightdecisions."

ThenewspaperboughtmorethanadozenbagssoldatPublixsupermarketstotestthemforlead.Theresultsshowedthatcertainbagshadleadlevelsthatworriedhealthofficials.Somebagshadenoughleadinthemtobeconsidereddangerouswasteifpeopleweretothrowthebagsoutwithotherrubbish.Leadinthebagsisnotlikelytomoveontofood.Butovertime,paint(油漆)onthebagscanbreakoffandthebagscanwearout.Whenthishappens,leadcanbefreed.

Theaffected(受影响的)bagswerefoundinFlorida.ButPublixhasmorethan1,000storesacrossAmerica.Publixsaysthatitsbagsdon'tbreakanylawsaboutleadlevels,butthattheyhaveaskedthemakersofthebagstoreduce(降低)theleadlevelsinthem.

Thebagswiththehighestlevelsofleadhadbeautifuldesignsandmanypictures.Plainreusablebagswithoutthemarefoundtohavelittlelead.Peopleworriedaboutleadlevelsinreusablebagscanturntocloth.Paperbagsarealsoagoodchoice,sincepapercanbereused.

(1)WhyhavemanyAmericansmadethechangefrompaperandplasticbagstoreusableshoppingbags

(2)Whatworriespeoplenowaccordingtothefirstparagraph

(3)HowmanybagsdidthenewspaperbuyatPublixsupermarkets

(4)Whencanleadinthebagsbefreed

(5)Dotheplainreusablebagshavehigherlevelsoflead

Hi,Iflewherelastweekend.Thecityisquitelikeours.Thefoodandmanyotherthingsaresimilar.I'mgoingtobuygiftsformyfriendshere.Bestwishes!Tony

Hello!Thisisourfirsttimeabroad(在国外).Weareexcited.We'restayingatahotelinacitycalledSapporo.Seeyousoon!DeanandBetty

It'ssonicetobehereinawarmplace.Theseaisblueandthebeachisbeautiful.I'mgoingtheretomorrow.IthinkI'lllikeMalaysia.Bestwishes!Paul

It'susuallysoeasytocomehereanditonlytakesonehourbycarfromourcity.Isawthecity'smostfamousbuildingthismorning.It'sveryoldandItookalotofpictures.Seeyousoon!Tom

(1)WhatisTonygoingtodointhecity

A．Goswimming.B．Dosomeshopping.

C．Takepictures.D．Visitfriends.

(2)WhyareDeanandBettysoexcited

A．BecausetheylikeSapporo.

B．Becausetheylikethefoodthere.

C．Becauseit'stheirfirsttimetogoabroad.

D．Becausetheythinktheplaceisbeautiful.

(3)Thetextisprobablyfrom_____.

A．amovieposterB．atravelmagazine

C．ahistorybookD．asciencereport

PeopleinWesterncountriesareeatinglessmeatthesedays,whetherfortheirhealthorbecausetheywanttoprotectanimals.Butnowtheyhaveanotherreason.

Eatinglessmeatcanhelptopreventclimatechange,accordingtoarecentstudypublishedinNature.

Raisinglivestock(家畜)isbadfortheenvironment.Whenanimalslikecowsdigest(消化)food,theirstomachsmakegreenhouse-gases,whichareamajorcauseofglobalwarming.Seventeenpercentofgreenhousegasemissions(排放)comefromlivestockfarming,theNewYorkTimesreported.

Inaddition,toraisetheselivestock,peoplehavetocutdownforestsandturnthemintofarms.Forestsplayakeyroleinfightingglobalwarmingbecausetheyabsorb(吸收)greenhousegases.

Eatinglessmeataccordingtocertainguidelinescouldcutglobalfood-relatedemissionsbynearlyathirdby2050,thestudyfound.Maintaining(保持)avegetariandietinthelongtermcouldbringdownemissionsby63percent.

Buteatinglessmeatwon'tbeeasy.Accordingtothestudy,peopleinWesterncountrieswillneedtoeat90percentlessmeatthantheydonowinordertohaveanimpact(影响)onourclimate.Scientistsarenowtryingtofindnewfoodstoreplacemeat.

Somesaythatinsects(昆虫)couldhelp.A2023UNreportsaidthateatinginsectsishealthierandbetterfortheenvironment.Theyproduce75percentlessgreenhousegasesthanlivestock.

Someexpertsarecreatinglab-grownmeat.Theymakemeatinalabusinglivestockcells(细胞).InMarch,UScompanyJUSTsaidpeopleintheUSmightbeabletobuyitslab-grownmeatbytheendofthisyear.

(1)Accordingtothestory,eatinglessmeatcanhelpus_____.

a.stayhealthy

b.reducewaste

c.protectanimals

d.slowdownclimatechange

A．a,b,cB．b,c,dC．a,b,dD．a,c,d

(2)Eatinglessmeatcanhelpprotecttheenvironmentbecause_____.

A．therewillbelessanimal-relatedwaste

B．lesslivestockmeanslessgreenhousegasemissions

C．animalsareanimportantpartoftheenvironment

D．peoplewillplantmoretreesaroundtheirhouses

(3)Howmuchlessmeatshouldpeopleeattoinfluencetheclimate

A．63percent.B．70percent.C．75percent.D．90percent.

(4)Whatisthemainideaofthestory

A．WhyWesternerseatlessmeatthesedays.

B．Whatpeoplewilleatinthefuture.

C．Howeatinglessmeatinfluencestheenvironment.

D．Whatthemajorcauseofglobalwarmingis.

Garbagesortingisabigissueworldwide.Inrecentyears,someChinesecitieshavebeenworkinghardonit.

ShanghaihasworkedwithAlipaytocreate"agreenaccount(账户)"serviceforitsresidents(居民).Accountholdersgetpointsbycorrectlysortingtheirgarbage.ThroughtheAlipayapp,theycanexchangethepointsformilk,phonecardsandotherproducts.Thecityisaskingallofitsresidentstosorttheirgarbageintofourgroups:wet,recyclable(可回收的),armfulanddry.

Xiamenhasbeensortingitsgarbageintothesimilarfourgroupssince2023.Alltheresidentsreceivewaste-sortingguidebooks.Atfirst,peopleevencouldgetsomeprizeslikeasmallbagofriceiftheysortedthegarbageproperly.

Chinaisimprovingitswaste-sortingwork.Thereisstillalongwaytogo.Butit'snevertoolatetolearnhowtosortyourtrashproperly(恰当的)andprotecttheenvironment.

Ifyousortyourgarbage,you'rehelpingtosaveenergyandprotectourenvironment.FourtypesofgarbageRecyclable:Thingsthatcanbereused,includingpaper,metal,glassandoldclothes.

Wet:Itisalsocalled"householdwaste(厨余垃圾)"."Theyarethingsyoudon'twantbutthatpigscaneat."GuangzhouDailyexplained.

Dry:Anywastethat'snotwet,recyclableorharmful.

Harmful:Thistypeofwasteincludesmedicine,batteriesandfluorescentbulbs(荧光灯泡).Ifyouthrowthemaway,theymaypollutethesoilandwater.

(1)Theunderlinedword"exchange"means_____.

A．改变B．交换C．购买

(2)Whenyourpenisbroken,itsmetalpartsshouldbeputitinto_____.

A．adryboxB．arecyclablebox

C．awetbox

(3)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage

A．PeopleinXiamencouldgetpointsthroughtheAlipaybycorrectlysortingtheirgarbage.

B．Chinastillneedsmoretimetoimprovewaste-sortingwork.

C．Allthetrashcanbesortedintoonebin.

(4)Wecanreadthispassagein_____.

A．astorybookB．anovelC．anewspaper

WhydoweneedtothrowlessawayTherearetworeasons.Oneisthatsomeresources(资源)arenonrenewable(不可再生的).Thatmeansthereisonlyacertainamountofthatresourceintheworld.Oneexampleofthisisoil.Whenweuseupalltheoilintheworld,therewillbenomore.

Thereisanotherreasonforthrowinglessaway.Allofourtrashhastobeputsomewhere.Often,itisputintogarbagedumps(垃圾场).Muchofthattrashwillbethereforhundredsofyears.Thedumpswillbefilledupwithallthistrash.

Therearethreewaystocutdownontrash.

Onewayistorecycle.Whenyourecyclesomething,itmeansitismadeintoanothershapeandusedagain.Oldnewspapermaybecomepaperbags.Aglassjarcanbemelted(熔化)andmadeintoabottle.

Anotherwaytocutdownontrashistoreusethings.Youcanwashanduseagainabottlethatcanholdmustard(芥末酱)orsomethingelse.

Thethirdwaytocutdownontrashistoreducetheamountoftrashyoumake,stopbuyingthingthatyoudon'tneedinthefirstplace.Thatreducetheamountoftheearth'sresourcesthatyouuse.

(1)Howmanyreasonsdoweneedtothrowlessaway

(2)Willthedumpsbefilledupwithallthistrash

(3)Ifabrokenplasticboxischangedintoaplasticruler,whatisthewayistocutdownontrash

(4)Whydowewashanduseagainabottlethatcanholdmustard(芥末酱)orsomethingelse

(5)Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout

DidyouseesnowinyourhometownlastwinterDidyoufeelitwaswarmerthanbeforeTherehavebeenover20warmwintersinChinasince1986.

Chinaneedstotakequickactiontocutcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)emission(排放),becauseit'sthemainreasonforglobalwarming.ThegoodnewsisthatChinahasseentheimportanceofgoinggreenandsetthegoalofcuttingenergyuseandpollutionemission.

CanyouslowglobalwarmingSure!Youandyourfamilycantakestepstocuttheamountofcarbondioxidethatissentoutintotheair.

Herearesomepiecesofadvicetohelpyousavetheearth.

Wearusedclothes,Wearingyourbrother's,orsister'sordad'soldT-shirtmeansyousavetheenergy.

Changeyourlightbulbs(灯泡),Useenergy-savinglightbulbs.Anddon'tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavearoomandturnoffyourtelevisionandcomputerwhentheyarenotinuse!

Ridethebus.Takingabussavesalotofoileveryyear.

Saynotoplasticbags.Thenexttimeyourparentsgotothemarket,askthemtousebaskets.

Openawindow.Don'tusetheairconditioner(空调),andletsomefreshairin.Whenyouhavetousetheconditioner,setthetemperaturehigherinthesummerandlowerinthewintertosaveenergy.

Makesmallchangesinyourdailylife.Don'tusepapercups,bagsandboxes.It'stimeforallofustodosomethingtosavetheearth.

(1)Themainreasonforglobalwarmingis_____.

A．theoilB．carbondioxide

C．papercups,bagsandboxesD．computers

(2)Theword"energy"inthesecondparagraphmeans"_____".

A．活力B．干劲C．精力D．能源

(3)Howmanypiecesofadvicearethereinthispassage

A．Three.B．Four.C．Five.D．Six.

(4)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE

A．It'sapitytowearyourdad'soldT-shirt.

B．Usingairconditionersmaybeawasteofenergy.

C．Takingabuswastesalotofoileveryyear.

D．Usingpaperbagssavesenergyalot.

(5)Thepassageismainlyaboutthewaysto_____.

A．slowdownglobalwarmingB．makeenergy

C．changeourdailylifeD．changetheworldweather

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。

Somecarsdonotrunthewaytheyshould.Badsmokefromacar'senginecangetintotheair.Thisbadsmokeiscalledpollution.

Pollutionturnstheairagraycolor.Itisverydirty.Itisnotgoodforpeopletobreathethisdirtyair.

Inordertokeeppollutiondownthestatemakescarstakeatesteverytwoyears.Thistestcheckstomakesurethecarsdonotpollutetheair.Ifacardoesnotpassthetesttheownercannotregister(登记)it.

Somecarownersdrivetheircarseventhoughtheycannotpassthetest.Thisisagainstthelaw.Itisalsoverybadfortheair.

Peoplewantedtofindawaytogetthesecarsofftheroad.Aprogramwasstartedthatseemstobehelping.Thisprogrambuyscarsthatcannotpassthetestsorwillhelppayforrepairs.

Inordertoqualifyfortheprogramacarmustbedrivableandtheownercannotmakeoveracertainamountofmoney.Thisprogramhasbeenhelpingpeoplebygivingthemmoneytohelpbuybettercarsorfixingtheiroldones.Ithasalsobeenhelpingtocutdownonpollution.

(1)Whichofthefollowingistheeffectthatbadsmokefromcarscauses

A．Thecolouroftheair.B．Thetemperatureofair.

C．Thequalityoftheair.D．BothAandC.

(2)Theaimoftheprograminthepassageisto_____.

A．sellmorecarsB．stopairpollution

C．developthetechnologyD．makethelifebetter

(3)Howdoestheprogrammehelpthedrivers

A．Theprogrammebuysthedrivesnewcars.

B．Theprogrammehelpsthembuynewcars.

C．Ithelpsthedriverswashthecars.

D．Itrepairsthedrivers'cars.

(4)Ifsomecarownerscannotpassthetest,theyare_____.

A．happyB．safeC．obeythelawD．againstthelaw

(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage

A．Whatisairpollution.B．Howtostopairpollution.

C．Howtostoppollutionofcars.D．Airpollutioninthecity.

Theearthisabout4,600millionyearsold.Humanbeingshavelivedontheearthforonly35,000years,butduringthisperiodwehavechangedourplanetalotinmanyways.

Allovertheworld,peoplehavecutdownmillionsoftrees,somoreandmorekindsofanimalsandplantsaredisappearing.Inbigcities,carsandbuseshavepollutedtheair.Factorieshavealsopollutedthelandandthewater.

Itisimportanttotheearth.Butnowairpollutionisdestroyingitandthathasmadeaverybigholeintheozonelayer(臭氧层).

Carbondioxide(CO2)intheairhasincreasedalot.Ithasformeda"blanket(毛毯)"aroundtheearth.Thismakesourearthbecomewarmerandwarmer.Therefore,thiscausestheleveloftheoceantorise.

Alltheseproblemsareveryserious.Wemustdosomethingtostopourearthfrombeingpolluted.

A.Theheatfromthesuncan'tescape,sothetemperatureisrising.

B.Toomuchharmfullightfromthesunpassesthroughitandreachestheearthdirectly.

C.Somethingswe'vedoneareverygoodfortheearthwhilesomearebad.

D.Aroundtheearth,there'saspecialkindofoxygencalled"ozone".

E.Itmainlycomesfromdifferentkindsofburningmaterials.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

答案

一、阅读理解题（共9题）

1.【答案】

(1)C

(2)B

(3)A

【解析】

(1)此题是推理判断题。答案出处：第一段。第一段讲述了全球垃圾不断增多，而且垃圾问题也严重危害世界的海洋、空气和土壤，同时危及所有生物的健康。故第一段的目的是为了引起人们对垃圾问题的关注。

因此，正确答案是C。

(2)此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Insteadofsellingfoodinpackages,thesestoresofferitinopencontainers.这些商店提供开封食品，不提供包装食品。

因此，正确答案是B。

(