高三-高中It用法总结归纳

#/6个性化教案学科：高中英语课时计划：2课时学科：高中英语年级：高三课题：高中英语It用法总结归纳学生姓名：教师姓名：陈莉教学目标总结归纳并掌握高中英语It用法教学重点总结归纳并掌握运用高中英语It用法教学难点掌握运用高中英语It用法授课类型归纳总结课教学过程教师活动It用法总结归纳-、人称代词,it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复：①Theywatchedthetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance..，也可以指动物或婴儿（未知性别的婴儿或孩子）：②Isthisyourdog?No,itisn't.③Theygotababyanditwasaten-pounder.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:③Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwithafullmouth..二、.非人称代词、t有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等：⑴.指天气：Itisalovelyday,isn'tit?⑵.指时间:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.⑶.指日期：ItisAprilFirsttoday.⑷.指距离：Itissome3000kilometersfromBeijingtoGuangzhou.⑸.指价值：Itisthreedollars.⑹.指温度:Todayitis30degreescentigrade.三、其他用法.在句子的主语不太明确时充当主语，表示谁在做某事：Whoisitthere?It'sI（me/you/he…..）.IthoughtitwasMary,butitwasnotshe.Herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas..泛泛的指某件事：（有时泛指一般情况）①Itdoesn'tmatter.②Itisashame,isn'tit?③Howisitgoing?(情况怎样)④Itsaysinthenewspaperthat 3.it用在一些词组中，it没有特别的意思Thelasttrain'sgone.Comeon,we'llfootit.(来，咱们步行吧。)四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：.作形式主语替代主语从句⑴Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that从句常译为"…清楚的(显然的，真的，可能的，肯定的.•.)”Itisveryclearthathe'sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe'sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.⑵)Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that从句常译为…是重要的(必要的,对的，奇怪的,自然的…).that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)，should可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.⑶Itissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped)that从句常译为"据说(据报道，据悉...)”。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.⑷Itissuggested(advised/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)that从句.小21后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)，should可以省；常译为”据建议；有命令...)Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.⑸Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did)Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.Itistimeyouboughtanewcar.Itis(high)timeyoumadeupyourmind.⑹Itisthefirst(second...)timethat从句(从句用现在完成时havedone)Itwasthefirst(second...)timethat从句(从句用过去完成时haddone)常译为”是第一(二)...次...”。ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere⑺Itisapity(ashame/anhonour/agoodthing/afact,/asurprise/...)that从句.that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)，should可省去.表示出乎意料，常译为”竟然"。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。①Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！②Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遗憾！⑻)Ithappens(seems, looks,appears)that从句.常译为“碰巧…，似乎是…，看起来…”①Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧...②Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看来作形式主语替代不定式.⑴Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。常见的词有：bad， brave，careless，clever ，cruel，foolish， good （好心的），honest，horrible，kind， lazy， modest，naughty ，nice（有教养的），polite， rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（错误的）等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.iskindtodosth.。如:止iskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.⑵Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth..不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。常见的形容词有：important，necessary，naturaleasy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant如:止isimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe（should）cometotheparty.⑶Ittakessb....todosth.常译为"做...要花费某人..."。如:止tookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall..作形式主语替代动名词短语Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.常译为“…有好处或没有用”ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.It'suselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.该句型中的it作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think,believe,make,findconsider,feel；如:Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.TheInternetmakesiteasierforcompaniestokeepintouchwithcustomers.六、.it的重要句型1.强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+that从句(被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)①Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.②Itwastheythat（who）cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.③ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.④ItwasyesterdaythatImetherinthestreet.⑤Itisyouthat/whoarewrong.特例:Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语”直到...才...”，可以说是not...until...的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn'trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.Ilikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one［解析］C.句中like为及物动词，后面需要跟宾语。而like之后不可直接接从句作宾语。it可用于某些动词(hate,appreciate…)和介词之后作笼统宾语。Hewasnearlydrownedonce.Whenwas?wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;This［解析］A.第一空用that指代上文提到的事情；第二空用it指代第一空的thatTheParkersboughtanewhousebutwillneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which［解析］B此处it指代前面出现的anewhouse.it指代上文提到的同一事物，为特指；而one通常指代同类事物中的某一个。Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis［解析］D此处it用作人称代词，指不明身份，性别的人；宾语从句应用陈述语序。Infact isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.It［解析］D此处it用作形式主语。Mike'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkhard,butdidn'thelp.A.heB.itC.sheD.which课堂练习［解析］B此处it用以指代前面的句子，可用that替换。课堂练习Sinceyouhaverepairedmycomputer,isnoneedformetobuyanewone.A.itB.thereC.thisD.that［解析］B考查固定句型ThereisnoneedforsbtodosthTheofficialmadeclearthathewoulddoeverythingpossibletosolvetheproblem.A.itB.thisC.thatD.him［解析］A此处it用作形式宾语。Doyoulikehere?Oh,yes,theair,theweatherandthewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.thereC.thatD.it［解析］D此处it泛指自然环境。Bill'saimistoinformtheviewersthatcigaretteadvertisinginTVisillegal,?A.isn'titB.isitC.isn'theD.ishe［解析］A主语为"Bill'saim”。ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.A.whichB.AsC.ThatD.It［解析］B非限制性定语从句中，as/which均可指代整句话的内容，但which只能放在主句后，译为“这一点”；as则位置灵活，译为“正如”。Itwaswithgreatjoyhereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that［解析］D考查强调句型。Itwasbackhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn'tgo

C.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn'tgo［解析］C考查notuntil结构强调句型。Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess. Youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat［解析］A考查强调句型的特殊疑问句句式。Itistheabilitytodothejob mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it［解析］B考查强调句型。被强调部分是notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare(but)theabilitytodothejob.为了平衡结构，部分移至句尾。课后作业1.Ittookusoveranhour alongthestreet.A.walk B.towalkC.walking D.walkedthinkitagreathonour tovisityourcountry.A.toinviteB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited.Manypeoplenowmake aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselves B.it C.that D.this. isverycleartoeveryonethathe'sroundandtalllikeatree.A.This B.What C.That D.It5.IntheUnitedStates,bustraveldoesn'tcostmuchastraintravel, ?A.don'ttheyB.doesitC.dothey D.doesn'tit6.Someoneisatthedoor,whois ?A.this B.that C.it D.he.—Itisrainingcatsanddogs. .A.SoitisB.SoisitC.NeitheritisD.Neitherisit.—Myhomeisinthattallbuildingoverthere.—— ?A.Canitsee B.CanseeitC.Canbeseenit D.Canitbeseen. raininghardfor3hourswithoutstopping.A.Itis B.Itwas C.Ithasbeen D.Ithadbeen.—Hastheboygothisbicyclenow?—Yes,thepolicegave .A.himtohim B.ittoitC.ittohim D.himtoit.It'snouse overspiltmilk.A.cry B.crying C.thatyoucry D.foryoutocryItisimportant theiroffer.A.reject B.rejects C.toreject D.rejecting.Has beendecidedwhenwearetoholdthesports-meeting?A.that B.this C.it D.what.—DidLiLeicallmewhileIwasout?—Yes,itwas thatcalledyou.A.him B.he C.who D.whom.Nothingiswrongwiththeradio ?A.isn'titB.isthatC.isitD.isn'tthat16.Idon'tknowmakesherafraidofhavingherbusinessdiscussed.A.whatitisaboutMarythat B.thatisitabutMarywhatC.whatisitaboutMarythat D.thatisaboutMarywhat17..ItwaswithgreatjoyhereceivedthenewsthathislonglostsonwouldreturnhomeA.as B.that C.so D.for18.Idon'tthinkdifficultforaChinesestudenttomasteraforeignlanguagewithinfiveyearsA.thatB.it C.too D.very19.It'sthesecondtimeyoulatethisweek.A.arriveB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.hadarrived20.Itwillnotbewemeetagain.A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.soonafter D.shortlyafter21.It'sdemandedthatwethereonfoot.A.nottogoB.don'tgo