英语中三大类从句教学课件

英语三大类从句之用法与比较张家界市一中陈良云HACAVNOPEICUAVNOHACAV从句只能做主句的某一部分,依附于主句而存在,不能独立从句也具有句子的特征,即有自己的主谓结构;而且带有引导词根据从句在句中的作用,可分为名词性从句、形容词性(定语)从句和副词性(状语)从句三类。N不解名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其关联词有连词that,i,whether;连接代词what,who,Whch和连接副词when,where,why,how等。从句介词后形容词后接词主语从句宾语从句宾语从句|宾语从句表语从句同位语从句thatwhetherifWh-词(含带后缀ever的词连接词的用法(一)1.that连词that本身无实际意义,在从句中不担当任何成分,在宾语从句中有时可以省略。如Ihear(that)hehasjoinedthefootballclubThatlighttravelsinastraightlineisknowntoaIsitcertainthattheywillwin?为保持句子平衡,that引导主语从句时,常用作形式主语而把真正的主语从句后置。主要有以下几种情况Itis+n.apity/ashame/afact/nowonder,etc)that-clauseItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.Itisnowonderthatheisnothungry;hehasbeeneatingsweetsallday.2Itis+adj.certain/likelyprobable/true,etc.)that-clauseItisprobablethathetoldhereverything.ItistruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweekItis+p.p.(said/reported/believedetc)+that-clauseItisreportedthatchinahassentanotherman-madesatelliteintoorbit4It+V(seemshappened,etc.)+that-clauseItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday⑤其他情况:ItdoesntmatterwhetherhewillcomeornotItmakesnodifferencewherewehadthemeeting.Itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatshehadforgottentolockthedoor连接词的用法(二)2.whether和讦连词whether和话表“是否”之意,在从句中不可省略。在下列情况中只用whether不用f1)引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时ThequestioniswhetheritisworthtryingWhethershecomesornotmakesnodifference·合ihavenoideawhetherIshouldbelievehimorn(2)从句作介词的宾语时;Ryanwasworryingaboutwhetherhehadhurtherfeelings.(3)ornot紧随其后时;Idon'tcarewhetherornothehasaholiday.(4)后接不定式时。Shecantdecidewhethertogo连接词的用法(三)3.Who,whomwhose,whatwhich连接代词Who,whom,whose,what,which等在从句中既起连接作用,又担当主语、宾语、表语等成分,并保留其特殊疑问词词义。如NooneknowswhohewaswaitingforTellmewhosehouseitisLetmeknowwhichtrainyouwillbearrIvingon连接词的用法(四)4.where,whenwhyhow连接副词where,when,why,how等在从句中作状语,其词义与特殊疑问词词义相同。don'tknowwherewearegoingtohavethemeetingShealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwellWhatl'manxioustoknowiswhenwecanvisitthemuseumPleasetellmewhenyouwillarrive连接词的用法(五)5.whoever,whomever,whatever,whicheverwhosever连接代词whoever=anyonewho,whomeveranyonewhom,whatever=anythingthat,whichever=anythingthat.nWhoevercomestotheclubiswelcomeWhateverisworthdoingatallisworthdoingwell.Youmaydowhateveryo