人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句课件

unit2Wokringtheland人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句unit2Wokringtheland人教版必修un1词汇短语词汇短语21.statisticn.数据statistics（复数）2.sunburntadj.晒黑的3.decaden.十年；十年期4.outputn.产量；输出5.exportv.出口；输出importv.进口；输入6.disturbv.打扰；妨碍；使不安disturbingadj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的7.circulatev.循环；流传circlularadj.循环的；圆形的circlen.循环；周期；圆8.freedomn.自由，自主9.thereforeadv.因此1.statisticn.数据statistics（复数310.strugglev./n.斗争；拼搏，努力struggle____________为......而斗争、奋斗

struggle____________与......斗争foragainst/withstruggle_______(do)努力做某事todo动词短语astrugglefor...争取......的斗争astrugglewith/against...与......的斗争名词短语struggletoone'sfeet

挣扎着站起来10.strugglev./n.斗争；拼搏，努力stru411.expandv.扩大，增加，增强（尺码、数量或重要性）Metalsexpandwhentheyareheated.Expanding

yourknowledgebyreadingmorebooksisawisechoice.expansionexpandableadj.可膨胀的，可扩大的n.膨胀；扩张；扩展人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句11.expandv.扩大，增加，增强（尺码、数量或重要性512.searchv.搜索，搜寻；调查；搜身searchsb./sth.searchforsb./sth.searchsb./sth.for...

搜查某人/某物以寻找……n.搜寻，探究，查究

搜查某人/某物搜寻某人/某物lookforinsearchof寻找人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句12.searchv.搜索，搜寻；调查；搜身search613.ridv.使摆脱；使除掉rid..._____sth.使......摆脱或出去某物Doctorstrytheirbesttoridusofdisease.ofgetridof

常与of搭配的短语robsbofsthwarnsbofsthremindsbofsthinformsbofsthcuresbofsth摆脱；丢弃；扔掉It'stimewegotridofalltheseoldtoys.

抢劫某人某物警告某人某事提醒某人某事通知某人某事治好某人的某种疾病人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句13.ridv.使摆脱；使除掉rid..._____s714.equipv.装备，配备equipmentn.设备，装备，器材Heequippedtheschoolwithnewcomputers.equipsb.withsth.equipsb.forsth.equipsb.todosth.equipsb./sth.withsth.给某人/某物装备某物Theschoolwasequippedwithnewcomputers.beequippedwithsth.

装备/配有某物beequippedtodosth.

被装备做某事v.使有知识和技能，使能够胜任，使具备使某人具备某物使某人胜任某事使某人胜任做某事人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句14.equipv.装备，配备equipmentn815.thanksto由于，幸亏，因为Thankstothedevelopmentofonlinetechnology,manysmallbusinesseshavebeengrowing.dueto;asaresultof;becauseof;owingto表示由于，因为的短语：Shehasbeenabsentfromworkillness.duetobecauseofowingtoasaresultof人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句15.thanksto由于，幸亏，因为Thankst917.satisfyv.使满意besatisfied________...对......满意

withbecontent/pleasedwith对......满意=satisfyingadj.令人满意的（主语为某种经历或活动）satisfiedadj.满意的satisfaction

n.满足，满意toone'ssatisfaction

使某人满意的是withsatisfaction

满意地

Theteachernoddedwithsatisftion.人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句17.satisfyv.使满意besatisfied_1018.wouldrather宁愿，宁可Iwouldrathernotgotothetheatrethsevening.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.woulddosth.ratherthandosth.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.

表示“宁愿......也不愿....../与其......倒不如......”的搭配Iwouldratherstayathomethangooutonsucharainyday.Iwouldstayathomeratherthangooutonsucharainyday.Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutonsucharainyday.18.wouldrather宁愿，宁可Iwouldr11wouldrather的虚拟语气Wewouldratherourdaughterstayedathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.IwouldratherIhadn'tmethimyesterday.一般过去时过去完成时wouldrather+从句谓语用一般过去时，表示对现在或将来的虚拟谓语用过去完成时，表示对过去的虚拟wouldrather的虚拟语气Wewouldrath1219.ratherthanHeranhereratherthanwalked.3）ratherthan有时起连词作用，连接两个并列的成分。1）而不是2）与其说......不如说Welikedancingratherthansinging.weshouldhelpthemratherthanheshouldhelpus.Idecidedtowritealetterratherthantelephone.Heisanexplorerratherthanasailor.与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。连接两个不定式时，第二个不定式常省略Jenny,ratherthanhertwobrother_____(be)leavingforShanghai.is19.ratherthanHeranhererat1320.makeadifference有影响，有作用，有关系Changingschoolsmadeabigdifferencetomylife.Itmakesadifferencetomewhetherhegoesornot.makeno/somedifferencemakeadifferenceto/insb./sth.Itmakesadifferencetosb.+从句没有/有些影响makealldifference(tosb./sth.)（对某人/某物来说）关系重大tellthedifference区分/区别不同20.makeadifference有影响，有作用，有14定语从句定语从句15alovelydogaboy

inblueaboywholikessingingsomethingusefulalovelydogaboyinblueab161.先行词与关系词2.限制性定语从句与非限制型定语从句

3.关系代词与关系副词的选用4.介词+which/whom的用法录目人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句1.先行词与关系词2.限制性定语从句与非限制型定语从句171.先行词与关系词Doyouknowtheman.Theyaretalkingabouttheman.Doyouknowtheman

whotheyaretalkingabout.Canyoulendmethebook.Youborroweditfromthelibrary.Canyoulendmethebookthatyouborrowedfromthelibrary.先行词关系词人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句1.先行词与关系词Doyouknowtheman.18关系代词指人：thatwhowhomwhoseas可作主语，宾语，表语可作主语，宾语，表语

作宾语

作定语

可作主语、宾语、表语作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省不可省指物：thatwhichwhoseas可作主语，宾语，表语可作主语，宾语，表语

作定语

可作主语、宾语、表语作宾语可省作宾语可省不可省不可省人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句关系代词指人：that可作主语，宾语，表语可作主语，宾语，表192.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句形式不同、功能不同、翻译不同、先行词不同1.形式不同MysisterwhoworksinShanghaisendsmeane-mailalmosteveryday.Mysister,whoworksinShanghai,sendsmeane-mailalmosteveryday.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句主从句不用“，”隔开；限制性要用“，”隔开人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句形式不同、功能不同、翻202.功能不同Thisistheplacethat/whichshewouldliketovisit.ThisisNewYork,whichIhavevisitedforseveraltimes.限制性定语从句，对先行词进行修饰、限定，如果去掉句义会发生改变，甚至不能成立非限制性定语从句，对先行词起补充说明的作用，如果省略，对句意没有太大影响人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句2.功能不同Thisistheplacethat/w213.翻译不同Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.I'veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前非限制性定语从句与主句分开翻译他就是汽车被窃的那个人。我已经邀请了汤姆，他就住在隔壁。人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句3.翻译不同Heisthemanwhosecar224.先行词不同Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolorlikrhoney.CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.Hewasgenerouswithtime,forwhichIwasgrateful.Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词。非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、短语或整个句子。人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句4.先行词不同Theamberwhichwasse233.关系代词的用法who/whomwhowhom在从句中作主语、宾语、表语在从句中作宾语作宾语时，都可省1）Doyouthedoctor?Hecomeshereonceamonthandexaminestheworkers.Doyouthedoctorwhocomeshereonceamonthandexaminestheworkers.2）HeisournewEnglishteacher.Italkedwithhimthismorning.HeisournewEnglishteacherwho/whomItalkedwiththismorning.人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句3.关系代词的用法who/whomwho在从句中作主语、宾24Thisletterisfrommyelderbrother.HeservesinthearmyTheletterisfrommyelderbrotherwhoservesinthearmy.ThenextKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamI,towhomtheamberroombelonged,decidednottokeepit.Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,isnowbackinParis.whom引导的非限制性定语从句介词+whom注意：1.从句中的介词提到关系代词前，whom直接在介词后作宾语，不可用whom代替。2.在非限制性定语从句中，who也不可代替whom人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句Thisletterisfrommyelderb25that（人/物）Sheisthegirl____________livesnextdoor.在限制性定语从句中，常作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语可省。that/whoHeisnottheman_______________heseemstobe.Youmustlikethefilm_____________IsawlastEvening.that/who/whomTheforeignguestisMr.Green__________________yousawattheschoolgate.that/who/whom/省that/which/省人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句that（人/物）Sheisthegirl_____26which常作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时，且不直接跟在介词之后，可省。Amongthemanydangers_______________sailorshavetoface,probablythegreastestofallisfog.Electricityisaformofenergywhich/thatisusedforheatingandlighting,andtoprovidepowerformachines.Electricityisaformofenergy.Itisusedforheatingandlighting,andtoprovidepowerformachines.Thefactoryhasdevelopednewproductsoneafteranother.Wevisitedthefactorylastweek.that/which/省Thefactoryhasdevelopednewproductsoneafteranother.Wevisitedthefactorylastweek.which常作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时，且不直接跟在介词之27whose在定语从句中作定语，后面要接名词，意为“......的”，可指人或物1）Inourclassthereare46students,of__________halfearglasses.2）TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlyapairofshortsandT-shirt,________wasastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.3）Thehouse__________windowsfacesouthisours.4）Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters_____________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.5）Ilivenextdoortoacouple___________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.6）Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth___________givesofflightinthedark.whomwhichwhosewhich/thatwhosewhich/thatwhose在定语从句中作定语，后面要接名词，意为“.....28as引导定语从句时，常有固定结构2.固定表达：1.用在thesame...as...；such...as...；as...as...；so...as...结构中Suchpepleashabemadegreatcontributionstotheworldbegreatlyrespected.Heisatruehero,asisreportedinthenewspaper.

正如报纸上报道的那样，他是一个真正的英雄。

asweallknowasiswellknownasIcanrememberasoftenhappensasweexpectasyouseeashasbeensaidbeforeastheoldsayinggoesasmaybeimaginedas引导定语从句时，常有固定结构2.固定表达：1.用在t29只用that不用which的情况point1All

thatcanbedonehasbeendone.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomethingthatwassomeoneelse'sfault.先行词为不定代词或被不定代词修饰时all,none,few,little,any,theone,something,everything,anything...只用that不用which的情况point1Alltha30point2Australiaistheonlycountrythatisalsoacontinent.ThistrainisthelastonethatwillgotoSuzhou.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修饰时point2Australiaistheonly31point3Thefirstthing(that)weshoulddonowistofindalocalguide.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时point3Thefirstthing(that)32point4Thisisthebestmethodthathasbeenusedtopreventpollution.Thisisthebestwaythatcansolvetheproblem.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时point4Thisisthebestmetho33point5Weoftentalkaboutpersonsandthings(that)weremember.先行词既有人又有物时point5Weoftentalkaboutpe34point6Hebuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbeofre.在双重定语从句中，其中一个关系代词用which，另一个则用thatpoint6Hebuiltupafactory35point7ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoFrank.以here，there开头的句子，先行词指物时point7Thereisabookonthe36point8Whichisthebookthatbelongstoher?当主句是以what或which开头的特殊疑问句时point8Whichisthebookthat37只用which不用that的情况point1Careofthesoulisagradualprocessinwhicheventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.当关系代词前有介词时，只用which人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句人教版必修unitworkingtheland单词+定语从句只用which不用that的情况point1Careof38point2Football,whichisaveryinterestingsport,isplayedinmanycountries.引导非限制性定语从句时point2Football,whichisav39point3What'sthatwhichwasputinthecar?先行词为that，those时point3What'sthatwhichwas40point4HereisaCDwhich,asIhavetoldyou,isagreathelptoyou.关系代词后有插入语时point4HereisaCDwhich,as411.nationalityn.国籍

nationn.国家；民族2.chemicaladj.化学的n.化学物质chemistryn.化学3.fertileadj.肥沃的fertilizern.肥料；化肥4.personalityn.性格，个性，人格personn.人perosonaladj.个人的，私人的personallyadv.亲自=inperson5.organicadj.有机的6.pestn.害虫nationaladj..国家的，民族的，全国的7.soiln.土壤1.nationalityn.国籍nationn.国428.productinn.生产，制造producev.生产producern.生产者；制作人9.industrialadj.工业的industryn.工业10.underlinev.画底线标出，强调11.discoveryn.发现discoverv.发现productn.产品12.nutritionn.营养；滋养；食物13.mineraln.矿物；矿山14.soiln.土壤15.skimv.浏览；略读8.productinn.生产，制造producev4316.confusev.使困惑，使糊涂confuseAwithB将......和......混淆confusionn.困惑；混淆confusedadj.糊涂的，难懂的，困惑的confusingadj.令人困惑的，难以理解的16.confusev.使困惑，使糊涂confuseA4417.regretv.后悔（做了某事）；对......感到遗憾regretdoing/havingdonesth.后悔做了......Iregretleavingschoolsoyoung.regret（that）+...对......感到遗憾，抱歉regrettosay/inform/tell遗憾的说，告知，告诉

Iregrettoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasbeenrefused.我很遗憾的通知您，您的申请被拒绝了。n.后悔，遗憾toone'sregret令某人感到遗憾的是withregret遗憾地17.regretv.后悔（做了某事）；对......感到4518.focusv.把......集中于......focus________...on关注于......focusone'sattention/eyes/mind/effortson...n.焦点thefocusof.........的焦点18.focusv.把......集中于......foc4619.reducev.缩小，减少，降低reducesth(from...)to...reducesthby...Theworkforcehasbeenreducedbyhalf.雇员总数已将减少了一半。Thenewbridgeshouldreducetravellingtimefrom50minutesto15minutes.

（从.....）减少到......

减少了......19.reducev.缩小，减少，降低reducesth4720.buildup1）使发展，使形成Theyhavebuildinguptheirmilitarystrength.2）加强，加大Tensionisbuildingupbetweenthetwocountriesdabyday.

3）增强......的体力Dingexercisecanbuildupourstrength.4）（使）逐渐增加；（使）扩大Thecollectionhasbeenbuiltupoverthelastseventeenyeras.20.buildup1）使发展，使形成Theyha4821.commentn.评论，意见

commenton/about关于......的评论makeacommenton/about对......做出评论nocomment无可奉告commenton.../commentthatv.评论，发表意见

21.commentn.评论，意见commenton4922.leadtov.导致，造成；通向

leadsbtodosth.leada....lifeleadtheway引路，带路使某人做......过着......生活23.keep...freefrom使......免受......的影响使......不含（有害物质）Weshouldkeepourselvesfreefromdrugs.Weshouldtryourbesttokeepourdrinksfreefromartificialcolourings.22.leadtov.导致，造成；通向leadsb50倍数表达：1.倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as2.倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than3.倍数+the+名词+ofJackrunsthreetimesasfastasJim.TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.Itissaidthatthislakeistwicethewidthofthatone.HeintendstoofferyoutentimeswhatTomhasofferedtoyou.4.倍数+what从句倍数表达：1.倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as2.倍数51itIfind______quitenecessarytomakesomechanges.Hemade_______clearthathewouldgotothepartynextSunday.Ithink______nousequarrelingwithhimaboutit.itit为了保持句子平衡，常用it做形式宾语，将真正的宾语放在句尾。it作形式宾语可以代替-ing、todo不定式、名词性从句等。常以it作形式宾语的动词（短语）有consider，think，make，find，believe，feel，dependon等。itIfind______quitenecessar52指人，只用who不用that的情况point1Thosewhodaretobreakthelawwillbepunished.当先行词是one,ones,anyone或those等时Theyofferhelpandadvicetoanyonewhoisinterestedinbecomingateacher.指人，只用who不用that的情况point1Those53point2当先行词是人，关系代词在从句中做主语并与从句谓语动词分割时，用whoSheisanartistwho,ifgivenenoughtime,willworkwonders.point2当先行词是人，关系代词在从句中做主语并与从句谓54point3当先行词是人，关系代词在从句中做主语并与从句谓语动词分割时，用whoSheisanartistwho,ifgivenenoughtime,willworkwonders.point3当先行词是人，关系代词在从句中做主语并与从句谓55point4当一个表示人的先行词后有两个定语从句时，第二个定语从句必须用who/whom引导，且不能省略。ThemanthatspokeatthemeetingisournewheadmasterwhohasjustcomefromShanghai.point4当一个表示人的先行词后有两个定语从句时，第二个56point5当先行词是he,they等时，在一些谚语中或一些较长且复杂的句子中，定语从句多用who引导。Theywhocansufferlongtearsofpatienttoilandconstanteffortswillsucceed.那些能经受常年耐心操劳和不断努力的人会成功。Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.玩火自焚。point5当先行词是he,they等时，在一些谚语中或574.关系副词的用法先行词关系副词在从句中的作用与“介词+关系代词”的关系表示时间的名词：time,day,year等表示场所的名词：park,place,country,house等表示理由的名词when作时间状语=at/in/on/duringwhichwhere作地点状语=in/at/to/onwhichwhy作原因状语=forwhichwhen=at/in/on/duringwhichwherewhy4.关系副词的用法先行词关系副词在从句中的作用与“介词+关58when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语先行词通常为：time,day,year,period,occasion（机会，时机），age（表时间）Thetwocountrieswereatwarduringthetime.Therewasatimewhenthetwocountrieswereatwar.这是两国交战的时期。Weliveinanagewhenmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverybefore.moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverybeforeattheage.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语Thetwocou59Thereusedtobeatime_______theChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedom.TheChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedomduringthetime.when=时间介词+whichwhenThereusedtobeatimeduring_______theChinesepeoplestruggledforfreedom.whichIstillrememberthedays_______Imetmybestfriendsinmylife.Istillrememberthedays__________Ispentwithyouinthevillage.whenwhich/thatIstillrememberthedaysin_______Imetmybestfriendsinmylife.whichThereusedtobeatime______60where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语先行词通常为：place,town,country,room等表示地点的名词YouwillmeetwiththeMaorisandjointhemindanceintheplace.TherewillbetheplacewhereyouwillmeetwiththeMaorisandjointhemindance.这将会是你会看见毛利人并和他们一起跳舞的地方。AncientChinaisaplace

wherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.古代的中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。Stateswereoftenatwarwitheachotherintheplace.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语Youwillm61where先行词还可以是一些具有抽象意义的词：case（情况）,situation（情况，处境）,point（点）,scene（场面）,stage（阶段）,position（位置）,condition（情况）,occasion（场合）Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyownatthepoint.IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.where先行词还可以是一些具有抽象意义的词：case（情况62Thereisacompanyin_______Iusedtowork.Thereisacompany_______Iusedtowork.where=时间介词+whichwherewhichThereisacompany_______Iusedtoworkin.whichIrememberthehouse_________myfatherbuiltinmychildhood.whichIrememberthehouse___________Ilivedduringmychildhood.where/thatIrememberthehousein________Ilivedduringmychildhood.whichThereisacompanyin_______63why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语先行词通常为：reasonHewaslateforschoolforthisreason.Hecouldn'tgivetheteacheragoodreasonwhyhewaslateforschool.Thereasonwhyhedidn'twinthematchisthathewassonervous.Hedidn'twinthematchforthereason.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语Hewaslate64Thisisthereasonfor_______hecamelatetoschool.Thisisthereason________hecamelatetoschool.why=for+whichI'dlikeyoutoexplainthereason______youwerelateagain.I'dlikeyoutoexplainthereasonfor______youwerelateagain.Thebossdoesn'twanttohearanyreason___________youmightgive.whywhichwhywhichwhich/thatThisisthereasonfor_______65way和time后定语从句的选择point1way后面的定语从句Theway_____________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。Thereareseveraldifferentways_____________wecantacklethisproblem.我们可以用几种不同的方法处理这个问题。that/which/省that/which/省如果先行词way后面的定语从句中缺少宾语，则用______或______或___________如果定语从句中缺少方式状语，则用_________,__________或_____________thatwhich省略关系词thatinwhich省略关系词way和time后定语从句的选择point1way后面的定66point2time后面的定语从句Thereisthesecondtime________thePresidenthasvisitedthecountry.Therewasatime__________________therewerenoradios,notelephonesandnoTVsets.thatwhen/duringwhich若time表示“次数”时，应用关系词___________,也可省略关系词。若time表示“一段时间”，应用关系副词________________________n引导定语从句。thatwhen或at/duringwhichpoint2time后面的定语从句Thereisthe67whose和ofwhich/whomThehouse________windowsfacesouthisours.Thisisthescientist_________achievementsarewellknown.whosewhoseThehouseofwhichthewindowfacesouthisours.Thehousethewindowofwhichfacesouthisours.Thisisthescientistofwhomachievementsarewellknow.Thisisthescientistthe

achievements

ofwhomarewellknow.whose和ofwhich/whomThehouse_68定语从句的主谓一致HereisaletterfromMr.Brown,who______tocometoParis.HereisaletterfromtheBrowns,who_______tocome