自主试卷2018年复旦附中自招

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复旦附中自主招生英语试题(2)

SarahAlexandercelebratedthestartofherlastyearatWellsCollegethewaymanyotherseniorsbeforeherhave.SheranacrossthepicturesquetotheshoresofCayugaLake,whereshejumpedintothewater.

Sodidmanyofherfellowseniors.Butdozensofstudentsdecidedtostayaway,especiallytherelativelyfewnewlyarrivedmalestudents.

WellsCollege,whichsince1868hadeducatedonlywomen,beganacceptingmenthisyearinhopesofbolsteringitsdwindlingenrollment.Formanystudentsandalumnae,itwasacrushingdecision.AfterthecollegeannouncedlastOctoberthatitwouldgocoeducational,abouthalfofthestudentsedandtwofiledalawsuit,whichtheylaterdropped.

Thestudents—33menand383women–campuslatemonthBothesarenowtryingtonavigatenewsociallandscape.Mr.Phillipssaid“Youcan’tdoguystuff.Everytimeyouwanttositandwatchsportsoragame,itturnsintoamovie.”Thewomenwere“somewhatnasty.”Icouldseethedirtylooksintheireyes,”hesaid.“ButIwasnotgoingtoletthatstopmefromcoming.”

Wellswasacewherewomendidnothavetofussovertheirappearanceorfighttobetakenseriouslybytheirprofessors.Theycouldenjoythecamaraderieoftheircampussistersandtheiryfultraditions.Besidesjumintothelake,thewomendancearoundthemaypoleeachMayandkissthefeetofthestatueofMinerva,theRomangoddessofwisdom,beforeexams.

Ms.Alexandersaid,“Peopletolduswewouldn’tnoticeadifference,butfromthemomentmenarrivedoncampusnotcouldnoticeadifference.Wakingupearlytoputonmakeup,andthat’sodd,”shesaid.

HenryWells,afounderofWellsFargoandafriendofCornell’sbenefactor,EzraCornellestablishedthiscollege,whenwomenwerenotconsideredcapableofhigherlearning.“Givehertheopportunity,”hewrote.

HenryWells,afounderofWellsFargoandafriendofCornell’sbenefactor,EzraCornellestablishedthiscollege,whenwerenotconsideredcapableofhigherlearning.“Givehertheopportunity,”hewrote.

Thegreat-great-great-greatgranddaughterofHenryWells,StephanieRedmond,18,ofWashingtonState,saidthatearlierthisyearaWellsstudenthadtrackedherdownandaskedhertosupportthe.ButMs.RedmondsaidthemovethemovetoadmitmenhadencouragedhertoenrollatWellsthisyearasafreshman.Shensonacareerinengineering,amale-dominatedfield,andsaidattendinganall-women’scollegemighthaveputheratadisadvantage.

TheprimaryreasonfortheWellsCollegetoacceptmenisthat .

itsenrollmentrateisdecline

thecampusislackofvigorandvitality

itwillfacethedestinyofbeingcloseddown

all-women’scollegemightputawomanatadisadvantage

Atypicalbehaviorforseniorstodoisthat .

theyjogalongthepicturesquecampus

theyswitchsportsprogramstoamovie

theycelebratetheiryearbyjumintoalake

theyswiminCayugaLake paniedbyfriends

Thechangeafterturningintoacoedcollegeisthat .

dirtylooksinwomen’seyeshavedisappeared

womengetupearlytomakeup

womenarewakingupearlytostudy

womendancewithmenaroundthemaypole

Theattitudeoftheauthoristhat .

sheharesatraditionofall-womenschools

shecallsonwomeninsupportthe

shedislikesthechangeandhopestofilealawsuit

sheobjectivelydescribesthenewanduneasycoeducation

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?

Theenrollmentofmalestudentscausedcontroversy,

Thegrandchildrenofthecollegefounderbenefitedmost.

Thecurrentofthecollegewasalsoitsgraduate.

Thefounderhopedtogivewomenopportunitiesofhighereducation.

Butwhatisteacherquality?Howcanonemeasureitreliably?

AnysisisissuedasampleofdataaTexasschooldistrict.Expertsargueconvincinglythatteachereffectivenessshouldbemeasuredbystudents’gainsonstandardizedtests:Mr.SmithispresumablyabetterteacherthanMs.Brownifhisstudentsconsistentlyimprovetheirtestscoresmorethanhersdo.

Thoughthisapproachisappealing,therearetrickyissues.Forexample,whatifMs.Brownteachesinaschoolwherestudentsscoresohighthereislittleroomforimprovement?

Theauthorstrytocorrectforthisproblem,aswellasothersortsofmeasurementissues,togenerateameasurementofteachereffectiveness.Thepaperisprimarilyconcernedwithhowthismeasureisrelatedtootherobservableteachercharacteristics.

Thefirstfindingisthatisalargevariationinteachereffectiveness:someteachersconsistentlyhavealargerimpactontheirstudents’achievementthanothers.

Second,easilyobservablecharacteristicslikehavingamaster’sdegreeorapassingscoreontheteachercertificationexamarenotcorrelatedwithteachereffectiveness.

Thenwhatdoesmatter?Themostimportantsingleinfluenceisexperience:first-yearteachersaremuchlesseffectivethanothers.Thesecondyearissignificantlybetter,andbytheyear,mostteachershittheirstride.

Itisnotentirelyclearwhetherthisexperienceeffectislearningbyng(themoreyouteach,themoreeffectiveyou e)orsurvivalofthefittest(thosewhoarenotgoodatteachingtendtodropoutearly).

Frommyreadingofthepaper,botheffectsappearimportantandthereisnosimpleanswer.Thedatadosuggest,however,thatteachereffectivenessisprettyclearbytheendofthesecondyear,sotheinformationtomakeaninformeddecisionisavailableatthattime.

Theauthorsalsoinvestigatethecontentiousissueofracialmatchingofstudentsandteachers.Heretheyfindstrongevidencethatminorityteacherstendtobemoreeffectivewithminoritystudents.Again,itisunclearwhetherthisisbecauseofarolemodeleffect(studentsrespondbetter

oftheirownrace)oranempathyeffect(teachersempathizebetterwithstudentsoftheirownrace)orsomethingelseentirely.

Theauthorsalsolookatteachermobility.Thereissomeevidencethatteacherswhoquitteachingorswitchschoolstendtobebelowaverageineffectiveness.Thisisconsistentwiththesurvival-of-the-fittestmodel.

Theschoolmastercoulddecidewiselywhethertofurtheremploytheteacherbytheendofthe

.

A.thefirstyear B.thesecondyear C.thethirdyear D.the year

Thephrase“hittheirstride”mostprobablymeans“ ”.

reachtheirnormallevel B. econfident

C.walkwithlongsteps D.getbored

Theauthorofthispassageholdstheviewthat .

teacherswillperform