新教材高中英语UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION泛读技能初养成学案新人教版选择性-1

SCIENCEFICTION阅读P8－9教材课文，选择最佳答案1．WhendidthefirstTimeMachinebeginitscareer?A．At10：00. B．At10：15.C．At3：30. D．At5：30.2．Whathappenedwhenthewriterpushedtheleverforwards?A．Hehadtodrawadeepbreath.B．Thelabbegantobecomehazy.C．Hisniecesuddenlyappeared.D．Nightdisappearedforever.3．Howdidthewriterfeelabouttimetravelling?A．Excited. B．Unpleasant.C．Disappointed. D．Interested.4．Whywasthewriterthrownthroughtheair?A．Becausehehadastrongurgetolookattherandomthings.B．BecauseheforgottheriskofstoppingtheTimeMachine.C．Becausehewouldliketotravelatmaximumspeed.D．Becausehepulledtheleverbackwardstoohard.[答案]1－4ABBDWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)superioradj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的[教材原句P6]Insci­fistories，robotsoftenbecomesuperiorandtakeover.在科幻小说中，机器人通常会变得更高级，并接管一切。[例1]You'reaverysuperioryoungwoman.你是一个非常优秀的年轻女性。[例2]Team1wassuperiorinnumbertoTeam2.第一组在数量上超过了第二组。[造句]这些新产品远远优于老产品。Thenewproductsarefarsuperiortotheoldones.[知识拓展]superiorto 比……更好；更胜一筹besuperiorin 在……方面优越besuperiorto 胜过；比……好；不为……所动/屈服risesuperiorto 超越……；不为……所影响[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Themicrowaveisvastlysuperiorindesigntoallothermodels.②Shefeltsociallysuperiortomostofherneighbours.③Amanwithastrongwillmayrisesuperiortotemptation.意志坚强的人可以不为诱惑所动。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)conflictwith与……冲突或抵触[教材原句P7]AROBOTMUSTOBEYTHEORDERSGIVENITBYHUMANBEINGSEXCEPTWHERESUCHORDERSWOULDCONFLICTWITHTHEFIRSTLAW.机器人必须服从人类给它的命令，除非这种命令与第一定律相冲突。[例1]Heheldfirmopinionswhichusuallyconflictedwithmine.他对自己的观点坚定不移，而这些观点通常和我的相冲突。[例2]Thetworeportsofwhathadhappenedconflictedwitheachother.关于发生的事情，两个报道截然不同。[造句]这次陈述与他们上个月的陈述相矛盾。Thisstatementconflictedwiththeonetheymadelastmonth.[知识拓展]inconflictwith 与……冲突/与……矛盾comeintoconflictwith 与……冲突/与……矛盾[即学即练]——一句多译Heissocautiousthathetriesnottoconflictwithhiswife.＝Heissocautiousthathetriesnottocomeintoconflictwithhiswife.＝Heissocautiousthathetriesnottobeinconflictwithhiswife.他很谨慎，尽量避免与妻子发生冲突。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是[教材原句P8]Nightcameasifalampwasbeingturnedout，andinanothermomentcametheday.黑夜来临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，又过了一会儿，白天来临了。[例1]Thecaptainturnedoutthe“nosmoking”signs.队长把“禁止吸烟”的标志牌都翻了过来。[例2]Hesaidhewasadoctor，butlaterheturnedouttobeacheat.他自称是个医生，结果证明他是个骗子。[造句]你离开教室时别忘了关灯。Don'tforgettoturnoutthelightwhenyouleavetheclassroom.[知识拓展]turnto 转向；求助于turnin 上交turnoff 关掉turnon 打开turndown 关小；调低；拒绝turnup 出现；到场；出席；出来；来到； 调大(声音、火等)[即学即练]——单句语法填空①WhenJackturnsup，pleaseturnuptheradio，forheisalittledeaf.②Pleaseturntomeforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.③Shehasturneddownaninvitationtovisitthatcountry.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)fallaway(逐渐)减少；消失[教材原句P8]Asmypacegrewfaster，thewallsofthelaboratoryfellaway，andIwasleftintheopenair.当我的速度加快时，实验室的墙壁消失了，我已经进入了旷野。[例1]Isawthatthegroundfellawayanddowntoariver，farbelowme.我看到地面陷落到河里面去了，在我脚下很深的地方。[例2]You'dscarcelybelieveanybodycouldfallawaysorapidly.你简直难以相信一个人会消瘦得这么快。[造句]他的老朋友全都离开了他。Allhisoldfriendsfellawayfromhim.[知识拓展]fallapart 结束；分裂；解体；崩溃fallback 后退；倒退fallbehind 落后(于对手)falldown 表现不足(或有误)；失败[即学即练]——完成句子①Angiefellapartbecauseshehadlosteverything.安吉崩溃了，因为她失去了一切。②Hefellbehindwhenwewereclimbingthemountain.我们爬山时，他掉队了。③Thedealfelldownpartlybecausetherewerealotofunansweredquestions.交易失败，部分原因是有太多没有解答的问题。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)urgen．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐[教材原句P8]Ihadastrongurgetolookattherandomthingsthatwerebeingflashedbeforemyeyes!我有一种强烈的冲动去看那些在我眼前闪现的随机的东西。[例1]Sheurgedmeintogoingtoseehimimmediately.她劝我立即去看他。[例2]Weallurgedhimtogoaheadwithhisplan.我们都鼓励他实施他的计划。[造句]你的进步会促进我们努力学习。Yourprogresswillurgeustoworkhard.[知识拓展](1)urgesth./sb.on 催促某物/某人前进urgesb.todosth. 催促某人做某事urgeodoingsth. 催促/力劝某人做某事urgethat...(should)＋动词原形 催促；极力主张……Itisurgedthat... 坚决要求……；极力主张……(2)haveanurgetodosth. 有做某事的欲望/冲动(3)urgentadj. 紧急的；紧迫的[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译①ThevacationiscomingandIhaveanurgetotravel(travel)．②Shecouldhearhimurgingheronassheranpast.③Heurgedhertoreconsiderherdecision.＝Heurgedherintoreconsideringherdecision.他劝她重新考虑自己的决定。④Iurgedthathe(should)takeimmediateactiontopreventsuchathinghappeningagain.＝Iurgedhimtotakeimmediateactiontopreventsuchathinghappeningagain.我极力主张他应该立刻采取措施阻止这样的事情再次发生。SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al(重点句式)强调句型[教材原句P8]Itwasatteno'clocktodaythatthefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.今天十点钟，第一个时间机器开始了它的使命。[句式分析]句中Itwasatteno'clocktodaythat为强调句型：it's＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。[例1]ItwasJohnwho/thatboughtanoldbikeyesterdayinamarketplace.是约翰昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。[例2]ItwasnotuntilIgotoffthebusthatIrealizedit.直到下车之后我才意识到这事。[造句]我把雨伞落在了教室里。ItwasintheclassroomthatIleftmyumbrella.[知识拓展]强调句型的基本结构为：itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分(1)此结构中it没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调部分。(2)此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。(3)被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that，而被强调是其他时(事物、时间、地点等)只能用that。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Whyisitthatyouputoffthemeeting?②Itwasmethat/whohehelpedyesterday.③ItwasSusanandJohnwhowere(be)absentfromschoolyesterday.句意理解题记叙文、说明文和议论文中可能会考查句意理解题。要求考生用合适的语句解释一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语。设问形式常有：(1)Theunderlinedsentenceinthefirst/second/...paragraphmeans“”．(2)Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedsentenceinthefirst/second/...paragraph?解题技巧——“意义吻合”定句意第一步：速读文章，找出文章中与画线句子相关的句子第二步：对比信息句、画线句和选项，确定答案[典例]BenjaminWest，thefatherofAmericanpainting，showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays，abrushwasmadefromcamel'shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong，thecatbegantolookragged(蓬乱的)．Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecat'slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear，oneofBenjamin'scousins，Mr.Pennington，cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin'sdrawings.Whenhewenthome，hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版画)byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.★WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?A．Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.B．Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C．Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.D．Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.D[根据文中的“Beforelong，thecatbegantolookragged(蓬乱的)．”和“Whenhewenthome，hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.”可知，为了制作画笔本杰明剪猫的毛使猫“破相”，接下来讲到堂兄给他送来了颜料和画笔使猫的命运得到改善，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。][对点训练]AI'llneverforgetthat“veryimportantmeeting”withaguidancecounselor(咨询顾问)duringmysenioryearofhighschool.Igladlyanddutifullysharedmydreams，andwaslookingforwardtohearinghislife­changingadviceonhowbesttoachievemyacademicandprofessionalgoalsforthefuture.HetoldmethatIwasnotcollegematerialandthat“possiblyanicesecretarialschool”wouldbemoremyleague．Hisadvicedidchangemylife，thoughnotinthewayheexpected—becauseIdidn'tfollowit.Ididn'tevenconsiderit.Bytryingtoputlimitationonmyfuture，hemademeevenmoredeterminedtopursue(追求)acollegedegreeandacareerofmychoice.★Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceindicate?A．Theauthorcouldworkinasecretarialschool.B．Theauthormightbemoresuitabletobeasecretary.C．Theauthorwasgoodatcommunicatingwithothers.D．Theauthorwasencouragedtoreceivehighereducation.B[句意理解题。根据画线处所在句“HetoldmethatIwasnotcollegematerialandthat‘possiblyanicesecretarialschool’wouldbemoremyleague.”可知，咨询顾问告诉作者她不是上大学的料，可能一所好的秘书学校更适合作者。也就是说咨询顾问觉得作者可能更适合做秘书。故选B。]BAJapanesecompany，NextTechnology，hascreatedarobotdogthatcantellyouhowbadyourfeetsmell，byusingapowerfulsensorfixedinitsnose.Ifyourfeetdon'thaveabadsmell，Hana­chanwillhappilywagitstail，ifit'sexposedtofeetthataremildlysmelly，it'llstarttobark，andiftheygiveoffanextremelybadsmell，it'lljustfalloverlikethesmellcausedittofaint(昏倒)．Footodor(脚臭)isabigdealinJapan，whereit'sacustomforpeopletotakeofftheirshoeswhenevertheyentersomeone'shome.Infact，exposingotherstobodilyodorscanbeconsideredannoyanceinJapan.Someofthemostbrilliantmindsinthecountry'stechindustryhavebeentryingtosolvethisproblem.Lastyear，Thankostartedsellingarmpit，wehaveHana­chan.Therobotdoghasaspecialsensorforanose，andcantellyouifyourfeetaresmellyjustbysniffingthemforafewseconds.Accordingtosomemediareports，Hana­chancanhelpsolvetheproblemofextremelysmellyfeetbysprayingt