2021年山东省泰安市中考英语试卷(含答案解析)

2021年山东省泰安市中考英语真题(含答案解析)1．Ayoungmanwentforajobinterviewinabigcompany.Theemployer（雇主）foundthattheyoungman'scollegegradeswereexcellent.Thenheaskedtheyoungmanwhopaidforhis（1）

.Theyoungmantoldtheemployerthathisparentsdidandthey（2）

aslaundry（洗衣店）workers.

Theemployernoticedthattheyoungman'shandswere（3）

andperfect.Heasked，"Haveyoueverhelpedyourparentswashclothes？"

"No.Myparentsalwaysmakemestudy.（4）

，theywashclothesfasterthanIdo."Theemployeraskedtheyoungmantogobackhomeandwashhisparents'（5）

.

Whenhegothome，hetoldhisparentsthathewantedtowashtheirhands.Hisparentsfeltsurprisedbut（6）

.Thentheyoungmanbegantowashtheirhandsslowly.

Hewasintears.He（7）

hisparents'handsweresorough（粗糙的）andpalebecauseofwashingalotofclothesinthecoldwater.Therewerealsomanyinjuries（伤口）intheirhands.（8）

washinghisparents'hands，theyoungmanquietlywashedallthe（9）

clothes.

Thenextmorning，theyoungmanwenttotheemployer'soffice.Theemployernoticedtheyoungman's（10）

hands.Hetoldtheyoungmanthathewasemployed.（1）A．journeyB．trainingC．education（2）A．workedB．knewC．moved（3）A．dirtyB．smoothC．ugly（4）A．BesidesB．ExceptC．However（5）A．clothesB．feetC．hands（6）A．sorryB．happyC．angry（7）A．foundB．madeC．expected（8）A．BeforeB．ThroughC．After（9）A．sellingB．missingC．remaining（10）A．niceB．paleC．perfect2．Whatashinyscooter（踏板车）!Sophiecouldn'tkeephereyesoffit.Herdadnoticed.

"Sophie，youhaveascooteralready，areallyniceone!"

"Iknow，butthisoneissoshinyandnew，"Sophiesaid.

"Itisgreat，butwehavetogo，"saidherdad.

Theyleftthestore.Sophieknewherscooterwasnice，anditstillworked.Shejustcouldn'tstopthinkingofthatnewscooter!

Afewweekslater，Sophieandherdadwerebackinthestore.Thescooterwasjustthere，withabigsalesignonit!Thegirlranrightovertoit.Herdadlookedattheprice.

"Iknowyou'vebeenthinkingaboutthisscooteralot，Sophie.Thesalepriceisprettygood，thoughit'sstillalotofmoney.Ican'tjustbuythisforyou.ButwhatifIpayforpartofit，thenlendyouthemoneyfortherest，andyoupromisetopaymeback？"herdadasked.

"Really？"Sophiesaidexcitedly."Ipromise1willpayyouback!"

Astheywerewalkingtowardsthecashierdesk（收银台），herdadaskedSophieifsheknewwhatitmeanttoborrowmoney.

"Yes，itmeansthatIhavetogiveitbacktoyou，"Sophieanswered.

Herdadresponded，"You'reright，butyoucangiveitbacktomealittleatatime.Nowyougetfivedollarsaweekforyourallowance（零用钱）.Youcouldpayitbacktomeonceaweekuntilyoupayoffyourpartofthescooter.Itwilltakeseveralmonths.

"Thankyou，Dad!IwillpayyoubackwithmyallowanceuntilIreturnallthemoney."（1）Sophiewantedanewscooterbecause

.A．heroldscooterwasbrokenB．shedidn'thaveoneC．theoneinthestorewassoshinyD．theoneinthestorewasverycheap（2）Sophie'sfatheraskedhertoreturnthemoney

untilitwaspaidoff.A．onceamonthB．withherallowanceC．byborrowinghermother'smoneyD．bydoinghousework（3）WhydidSophie'sfatherletherpayforpartofthescooter？

A．Becauseshehadtoomuchallowance.B．Becausehedidn'ttakeenoughmoneywithhim.C．Becausetheirfamilywasverypoor.D．BecausehewantedSophietoknowmoneydoesn'tcomeeasily.（4）Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？

A．Sophiepromisedtoreturnthemoneyhappily.B．Sophiedidn'twantheroldscooteranymore.C．Sophie'sfatherwouldbuyathirdscooterforher.D．Sophieregrettedpayingforherpartofthescooter.CaliforniaTowerLocation（位置）：1350ElPrado，SanDiego，CA92101Hours：10：00a.m.﹣5：00p.m，Telephone：（619）720﹣8188Website：https：//museumof/exhibits/california﹣towerTimkenMuseumofArtLocation：1500ElPrado，SanDiego，CA92101Hours；CloseduntilfurthernoticeTelephone：（619）239﹣5548Website：http：//HouseofPacificRelationsInternationalCottagesHours：●OpenHouses：noon﹣5：00p.m，everySaturdayandSunday，showcasethenationaltraditionsfrommanylands.Lawn（草坪）programs：2：00p.m﹣5：00p.monSundaysfromMarchthroughOctoberTelephone：（619）234﹣0739Website：http：//www.sdhpr，orgSpreckelsOrganPavilionLocation：Pavilion﹣PanAmericanPlace，SanDiego，CA92101Hours：●Sundayconcertsat2：00p.m.●InternationalOrganFestivalconcerts，Mondaynights，7：30P.m.Telephone：（619）702﹣8138Website：https：//3．（1）Ifyou'reinterestedinmusic，youcangoto

.A．CaliforniaTowerB．TimkenMuseumofArtC．SpreckelsOrganPavilionD．HouseofPacificRelationsInternationalCottages（2）WhencanyouvisitHouseofPacificRelationsInternationalCottages？

A．At3：30p.m.onMondays.B．At2：00p.m.onSundaysinMay.C．At11：00a.m.onSundaysinOctober.D．At8：00a.m.everySaturdayandSunday.（3）Whatcanweknowfromtheadsabove？

A．TimkenMuseumofArtisn'topennow.B．CaliforniaTowerisat1500EIPrado，SanDiego，CA92101.C．YoucanenjoyLawnprogramseverySaturdayandSunday.D．Wecancall（619）702﹣8138formoreinformationaboutCaliforniaTower.4．WhenWangHaiyanwasyoung，herfavoritetoysweren'tBarbiedolls.Instead，shestartedlearningtomakeshadowpuppets（皮影）fromherfatherat13.Now43，Wanghasspent30yearspracticingandspreadingtheart.

Shadowpuppetryisaformoftheaterthatusespuppetsmadefromleather（皮）orpaper，accompanied（伴奏）bymusicandsinging.ItwasinventedduringtheWesternHanDynasty（206BC﹣AD24）.Ittellsusaboutfolktalesandhistoricalstories，passingdowncultureandcustomsoverthousandsofyears.

Shadowpuppetryisallaboutcreatingthepuppetsandperformingwiththem.Wang'shometownofHuacounty，Shaanxi，isknownasthebirthplaceofthefolkart.Puppet﹣makersmustfollow24stepstomakethepuppetsincludingwashingtheleather，carving（雕刻）andpainting，accordingtoWang.Carvingisthemostdifficultpart.

"Wehaveaspecialcarvingskill﹣﹣movingtheleatherundertheknife，"Wangsaid.IttookWangthreeyearstomasterthisskill.Sheusedabrick（砖块）tostrengthenherlefthandwhilepracticing.Ittakesabout3，000carvestomakeashadowpuppet，"Thecomplex（复杂的）stepsmakeithardtohanddownthefolkart，"shesaid.

ButWanghasfoundawaytodoso.Inrecentyears，shehasmadeshadowpuppetsbasedonsomecartoonseriesandgivenalivestreamingperformance.Sheusedcolorslikeblueandpurplethatwerehardlyseeninshadowpuppetryandaddedmorestickstothepuppetstomaketheperformancemorelively."Ihopemoreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoyshadowpuppetryandpassitdown，"shesaid.（1）Makingthepuppetsincludesthefollowingstepsexcept

.A．paintingB．carvingC．washingtheleatherD．makingbricks（2）WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus？

A．Whereshadowpuppetrywasinvented.B．Whatshadowpuppetryis.C．Whypeoplelikeshadowpuppetry.D．WhenWangbegantolearnshadowpuppetry.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"handdown"meaninthefifthparagraph？

A．传承.B．提高.C．酷爱.D．放弃.（4）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutWangHaiyanisTRUE？

A．Shelearnedallbyherselftomakeshadowpuppets.B．Shedidn'tmasterthecarvingskilluntilshewas43.C．Sheexpectedmoreyoungpeopletospreadshadowpuppetry.D．Shewasmoreinterestedincartoonseriesthanshadowpuppetry.5．Scientistssaythey'vedevelopedanewsystem（系统）.Itcanuse"machinelearning"topredictwhenandwherelightning（闪电）willstrike（闪击）.TheresearchwasledbyengineersfromSwitzerland.

Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6，000and24，000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts，destroyhousesandstartforestfires.Forthesereasons，someclimatescientistshavestudiedtodevelopmethodstopredictandcontrollightning.Butnosystemhasbeencreatedtoeffectivelypredictlightning.

Thenewsystemisbeingtestedintheexperiments（实验）.Itusedacombinationofdata（数据资料）fromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodel.Itwastrainedtotellweatherconditionsthatwerepossibletocauselightning.

Themodelwascreatedwithsomedata.Thedatawascollectedovera12﹣yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedatarelatedto（与……有关）fourmainsurfaceconditions：airpressure，airtemperature，relativehumidity（相对湿度）andwindspeed.

Theatmospheric（大气的）datawasputintoamachinelearningalgorithm（计算程序），whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.

AmirhosseinMostajabiisaPhDstudentwholedthedevelopmentofthenewsystem.Hesaid，"Commonsystemsforcollectingsuchdataareslowandcomplex，andtheyrequireexpensivecollectionequipment（设备）likeradarorsatellites（卫星）."

"Oursystemusesdatathatcanbegottenfromanyweatherstation，"Mostajabisaid."Thiswillimprovedatacollectionintheareaswhicharenotcoveredbyradarandsatellitesorinplaceswherecommunicationsystemshavebeencut，"headded.（1）Accordingtothepassage，thestrikescan'tcause

.A．powercutsB．earthquakesC．forestfiresD．thedeathofpeople（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"refertoinParagraph5？

A．Thelightningstrike.B．Thesystembeingtested.C．Themachinelearningalgorithm.D．Theatmosphericdata.（3）Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytellus？

A．Whereweatherstationsshouldbebuilt.B．Howthemachinelearningalgorithmworks.C．Theadvantagesofthenewsystemindatacollection.D．Thenewsystemhaseffectivelypredictedlightninginfarawayareas.（4）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthenewsystemisTRUE？

A．Itspredictionmodelhasbeentestedfor12years.B．Ithasbeenputintouseincitiesandmountainareaswidely.C．Thenewsystemrequiresexpensivecollectionequipmenttocollectdata.D．Itusesmachinelearningtopredictthetimeandplacesoflightningstrikes.6．DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod，therelivedagreatmusiciannamedYuBoya.Heplayedguqinverywell.（1）ZhongZiqiwasoneofthem.Oneday.YuBoyacamebackfromatriptothemountains.Heplayedguqintoexpresshisloveforthemountains.（2）Zhongsaid，"Howbeautifullyyou'replayingguqin!WhenIlistentoyouplayingguqin，Icanalmostseethemountainsinfrontofmyeyes."（3）Thenheplayedanothertune（调子）.Zhongclappedhishandsandcheeredagain，"Whatabeautifultuneitis!When1listentoit，Iseemtoimaginehundredsofboatsaresailingdownbigrivers."BoyawassurprisedatZhong'scomments（评论）.（4）Wheneverheplayedanewtune，ZhongcouldtellwhatBoyawasthinkingaboutwhenheplayedthetune."Youappreciate（欣赏）mymusicandunderstandmymind.Youknowmelikeatruefriend，"Boyasaidexcitedly.Afterthat，BoyaandZhongbecameclosefriends.AfterZhong'sdeath，Boyawassosadthathebrokehisguqinanddecidednevertoplayitagain.ThisisthestoryaboutYuBoyaandZhongZiqi.Wecanlearnalessonfromthestory.（5）Ifyoufindyourtruefriends，lovethemandcherish（珍惜）realfriendships.A.BoyawaspleasedtohearZhong'swords.B.Itishardtofindatruefriend.C.Manypeopleenjoyedhismusic.D.HedecidedtoplaymoretunesforZhong.E.ZhongZiqistoodbesideYuBoyaashewasplayingguqin.7．单词拼写1.Youcanspreadjoyandhappinesswithabrights.It'soneofthebestgiftsthatyoucangivetoothers.2.ThestudentswillputonanewplayaboutfagainstCOVID﹣19tomorrowevening.3.Chinahaspassedalawto（保护）theYangtzeRiver，whichisthelongestriverinourcountry.4.Youmustbe（小心的）whenastrangerasksaboutyourpersonalinformation.5.Tocelebratethe100thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina，ourschoolplanstohavesomeeducational（活动）.more，thing，for，clean，plastic，amaze，face，save，make，and8．BetweentheSeaandShoreisathree﹣partdocumentarythatcallsforquickactionto（1）seaturtlesfromdyingout.Aroundtheworld，seaturtlesareknown（2）theirbeautyandasoneoftheEarth'soldestcreatures（生物）.However，theirbeauty，（3）pollutionandcoastaldevelopmenthavethreatened（威胁）theirlives.Tohelpbringthismessageto（4）peopleoftheworld，theWildAidambassador（大使）Eddiestartsalong（5）difficultadventure（冒险）tolearnaboutmanyproblemsseaturtlesfacearoundtheworld.Eddiehaslongusedhisvoicetoraiseawareness（意识）ofenvironmentalproblems."Thisismychancetolearnabouttheproblemsseaturtlesfaceandbeavoiceforthese（6）animals，"saysEddie.Inrecentyears，thenumberofseaturtleshasreduced（减少）greatlybecauseofpollution，andtheillegal（非法的）tradeintheireggs，meatandshells.Partsoftheshellandwholebodiesoftheendangeredturtlesare（7）intoartworks.Theoceansare（8）veryseriouschallengestostayhealthy.Eddieaskspeopletosaveseaturtlesbystartingwithsimple（9）suchassayingnotoseaturtleproductsandreducingouruseofplastics."Keeptheoceans（10）.Thisnaturalbeautyonlybelongsintheocean，"saysEddie.9．[1]Duringmealtimes，moreandmoreyoungpeopletakeouttheirphones，chooseafavoriteshow，eatwhilewatchingandburstintolaughternowandthen.[2]Liu，a19﹣year﹣oldstudentstudyinginBeijing，isoneofthem.Afoodieandavideolover，sheishappytoeatwhilewatchingfoodprogramsonhersmartphone.AshowshehasbeenrecentlywatchingisabouttwoChinesegirlstravelingaroundJapantofinddeliciousfood，andtheshowhasbeenviewedmorethan26，000timesonChina'stopmicroblogplatform."Thefoodintheshowlooksreallyattractive，"Liuexplains.Besidesthisshow，shealsowatchesmanyotheronlinefoodprograms.[3]It'snotunexpected，"saidAdrienfromFrance，whoisahugefanofChinesefood."ChinaandFrancearebothkeenon（热衷于）cookingandeating.Asforme，IloveChinesefoodprogramsverymuch."[4]IrinafromRussiaalsolovesChinesefoodprogramsverymuch.Shewatchedarealityshow（4）①，herfriends.Intheshow，someChinesestarscookedseafoodandcrabs."（5）Theycookedtheseafooddifferentlyfromus，butthedishtheymadelookedverydelicious，"saidIrinaandherfriends.[5]Beautifulpictures，deliciousfood，specialskillsof（4）②andthefamousstars﹣﹣allthesethingscanmakefoodprogramsaperfectmealcompanion（陪伴）foryoungerChinesepeople，evenwhentheyarefarawayfromhome.[6]"AfterI（4）③ChinaandstartedmystudylifeinGermany，IfoundmyselfalwayswatchingAbiteofChinaduringsupper，"saidManling.Sheaddedthatshehadonlybeenlivingthereforonlytwomonthsandshehadalreadymissedthehomeflavor（味道）ofChina."Chineseflavorsarelikethecomfortzone（区域）thatgivesmeasenseofsafety，"Manlingsaid.（1）WhatkindofprogramsdoesLiulikewatching？（Nomorethan10words）（2）WhydothetwoChinesegirlstravelaroundJapanaccordingtoParagraph2？（Nomorethan10words）（3）AccordingtoAdrien，inwhatwayisChinasimilartoFrance？（Nomorethan10words）（4）Fillineachblankinthepassagewithoneproperword.（5）TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraphintoChinese.（6）InManling'sopinion，whatareChineseflavorslike？Howdoyouunderstand"Chineseflavors"？10．暑假将近，很多人已经开始计划外出旅游了。假定你是李华，请根据以下图示，以"ToBeaGoodTraveler"为题，给校报专栏写一篇英语短文，倡导"绿色旅游"和"公益旅游"，呼吁同学们做有环保意识和社会责任感的旅行者。要求：语句通顺，意思连贯，可根据提示适当发挥；词数：80～100；文中不得出现姓名、校名、地名等与考生本人相关的真实信息。ToBeaGoodTraveler.参考答案由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后酌情使用参考答案1．1-5CABAC

6-10BACCB[※解析※]父母对孩子的爱总是伟大而无私的，但是我们不能因此就将他们的付出视作理所应当。本文通过讲述一个小故事告诉我们要对父母心存感激。（1）名词辨析。A旅行，B训练，C教育，根据上句Theemployer（雇主）foundthattheyoungman'scollegegradeswereexcellent.雇主发现这个年轻人的大学成绩很好。这里应该是问谁付的学费，故答案是C。（2）动词辨析。A工作，B知道，C移动，根据aslaundry（洗衣店）workers.应该是作为洗衣店工人的工作，故答案是A。（3）形容词辨析。A脏的，B光滑的，C丑陋的，根据后面andperfect.很完美，and是并列关系，前面应该是很光滑，故答案是B。（4）连词辨析。except侧重于排除在外，从整体里减去。besides表示补充意义，即"除了…尚有"，而且，However然而，根据语境：而且，他们洗衣服比我快，故答案是A。（5）名词辨析。A衣服，B脚，C手，根据下文hisparents'hands可知是洗手，故答案是C。（6）形容词辨析。A抱歉的，B开心的，C生气的，根据Hisparentsfeltsurprised前面说感觉惊讶，后面but转折，应该是很开心，故答案是B。（7）动词辨析。A发现，B使，C期待，根据后面hisparents'handsweresorough（粗糙的）andpale应该是发现他们的手粗糙和苍白，故答案是A。（8）连词辨析。A在...之前，B穿过，C在...之后，根据语境：年轻人给父母洗手后，悄悄地把剩下的衣服都洗了，故答案是C。（9）动词辨析。A卖，B错过的，C剩下的，根据语境：年轻人给父母洗手后，悄悄地把剩下的衣服都洗了，故答案是C。（10）形容词辨析。A漂亮的，B苍白的，C完美的，根据上文年轻人给父母洗手后，悄悄地把剩下的衣服都洗了。洗了很多衣服，这里的手应该是苍白的，故答案是B。2．1-4CBDA[※解析※]文章讲了索菲的父亲通过让她付一部分踏板车的钱想让苏菲知道钱来之不易。索菲高兴地答应了还钱。（1）细节理解题。根据文中"Iknow，butthisoneissoshinyandnew，"Sophiesaid.可知，"我知道，但这一个是如此闪亮和新的，"索菲说。所以索菲想要一辆新的踏板车，因为商店里的那个太亮了。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据文中Herdadresponded，"You'reright，butyoucangiveitbacktomealittleatatime.Nowyougetfivedollarsaweekforyourallowance.Youcouldpayitbacktomeonceaweekuntilyoupayoffyourpartofthescooter.Itwilltakeseveralmonths."可知，她爸爸回答说："你说得对，但你可以一次把钱还给我一点，现在你每周有五美元的零用钱，你可以一周还我一次，直到你付清你那部分的钱。这需要几个月的时间"。所以索菲的父亲让她用她的零用钱把钱还了直到付清为止。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据文中Astheywerewalkingtowardsthecashierdesk，herdadaskedSophieifsheknewwhatitmeanttoborrowmoney.可知，当他们走向收银台时，她爸爸问索菲她是否知道借钱意味着什么。所以我们可推测索菲的父亲让她付一部分踏板车的钱因为他想让苏菲知道钱来之不易。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据"Thankyou，Dad!IwillpayyoubackwithmyallowanceuntilIreturnallthemoney."可知，"谢谢你，爸爸！我会把零用钱还给你，直到我把钱都还了为止。"所以从这篇文章我们能知道索菲高兴地答应了还钱。故选A。3．1-3CBA[※解析※]本文是四则广告，分别介绍了四个可以参观或游玩的地点。（1）细节理解题。根据第四则广告中的介绍Sundayconcertsat2：00p.m，在周日下午2点有音乐会，因此如果对音乐感兴趣，可以去SpreckelsOrganPavilion，即C项符合题意。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据第三则广告中OpenHouses：noon﹣5：00p.m，everySaturdayandSunday知，开放时间是每个周六周日的中午至下午5点，以及Lawnprograms：2：00p.m﹣5：00p.monSundaysfromMarchthroughOctober知，其草坪节目是从三月到十月、周日的下午2点至5点，因此B项表述（在五月的周日下午2点）符合题意。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据第二则广告中Hours；Closeduntilfurthernotice知，其营业时间关闭直至另行通知，因此TimkenMuseumofArt（Timken艺术博物馆）现在不营业。故选A。4．1-4DBAC[※解析※]本文主要讲了王海燕学习皮影戏并且弘扬这一艺术形式的故事。（1）细节理解题。根据文中Puppet﹣makersmustfollow24stepstomakethepuppetsincludingwashingtheleather，carvingandpainting，accordingtoWang.Carvingisthemostdifficultpart.可知，据王说，木偶制作者必须遵循24个步骤来制作木偶，包括洗皮、雕刻和绘画。雕刻是最难的部分。故选D。（2）段落大意题。根据文中Shadowpuppetryisaformoftheaterthatusespuppetsmadefromleatherorpaper，accompaniedbymusicandsinging.ItwasinventedduringtheWesternHanDynasty（206BC﹣AD24）.Ittellsusaboutfolktalesandhistoricalstories，passingdowncultureandcustomsoverthousandsofyears.可知，皮影戏是一种戏剧形式，用皮革或纸制成的木偶，伴着音乐和歌唱。皮影戏发明于西汉时期（公元前206年﹣公元24年）。它讲述了民间故事和历史故事，传承了几千年的文化和习俗。所以第2段主要告诉我们什么是皮影戏。故选B。（3）词义猜测题。根据文中"Thecomplexstepsmakeithardtohanddownthefolkart，"shesaid.可知，"这些复杂的步骤让民间艺术很难传承下来，"她说。所以第五段中带下划线的短语"handdown"是传承的意思。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据"Ihopemoreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoyshadowpuppetryandpassitdown，"shesaid.可知，她说："我希望越来越多的年轻人喜欢皮影戏，把它传下去。"所以以下关于王海燕的陈述，她希望更多的年轻人传播皮影戏表达是正确的。故选C。5．1-4BDCD[※解析※]本文主要介绍了科学家发明了一个新的系统能够使用"machinelearning"来预测闪电何时何地会发生。（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6，000and24，000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts，destroyhousesandstartforestfires.欧洲研究人员估计，全球每年有6000到2.4万人死于雷击。雷击还可能导致停电、毁坏房屋和引发森林火灾。可知，地震未提及。故选B。（2）代词指代题。根据第五段段意，这些大气数据被放入机器学习算法中，与雷击记录进行比较。研究人员表示，该算法能够了解闪电发生的条件。可知it指代前面提到的Theatmosphericdata。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据最后两段段意，AmirhosseinMostajabi是一名博士研究生，他领导了新系统的开发。他说："一般的收集系统是缓慢和复杂的，它们需要昂贵的收集设备，如雷达或卫星。""我们的系统使用的数据可以从任何气象站获得，"穆斯塔加比说。他补充说："这将改善雷达和卫星没有覆盖的地区或通讯系统被切断的地区的数据收集。"可知，最后两段主要告诉我们新系统在数据采集方面的优点。故选C。（4）细节判断题。根据第一段Itcanuse"machinelearning"topredictwhenandwherelightning（闪电）willstrike（闪击）.它可以使用"机器学习"来预测闪电何时何地会发生。可知D项表述正确。故选D。6．1-5CEADB[※解析※]短文讲了俞伯牙和钟子期的故事，详细地介绍了两个人相见恨晚，成为知音的一段故事。细节推理题。（1）根据后句"ZhongZiqiwasoneofthem.钟子期就是其中之一。"可知说的是喜欢他的音乐，结合选项，应说许多人喜欢他的音乐。故选C。（2）根据后句"Zhongsaid，"Howbeautifullyyou'replayingguqin!WhenIlistentoyouplayingguqin，Icanalmostseethemountainsinfrontofmyeyes.钟说："你的古琴弹得多美啊！当我听你演奏古琴时，我几乎能看到眼前的群山。"可知说的是钟子期的评价，结合选项，应说钟子期站在俞伯牙的旁边弹奏古琴。故选E。（3）根据后句"Thenheplayedanothertune（调子）."可知然后他又弹了一首曲子。结合选项，应说伯牙听了很高兴。故选A。（4）根据后句"Wheneverheplayedanewtune，ZhongcouldtellwhatBoyawasthinkingaboutwhenheplayedthetune.每当他演奏一首新曲子时，钟都能说出伯牙演奏时的想法。"可知说的是演奏了很多曲子，结合选项，应说他决定为钟演奏更多的曲子。故选D。（5）根据后句"Ifyoufindyourtruefriends，lovethemandcherish（珍惜）realfriendships.如果你找到了你真正的朋友，爱他们并珍惜真正的友谊。"可知说的是成为朋友，结合选项，应说很难找到一个真正的朋友。故选B。7．1.smile2.fighting3.protect4.careful5.activities[※解析※]1.你可以用灿烂的微笑来传播快乐和幸福。这是你能给别人的最好礼物之一。根据spreadjoyandhappinesswithabright结合首字母可知意思是"你可以用灿烂的微笑来传播快乐和幸福"。smile微笑。故答案是smile2.明晚学生们将上演一出关于抗击新冠肺炎的新剧。根据againstCOVID﹣19结合首字母可知意思是"抗击新冠肺炎"。fight战斗，介词about后跟动名词。故答案是fighting3.中国已经通过了一项法律来保护长江，它是我国最长的河流。根据提示词和题干句意，可知要填入动词保护，protect。alawtodosth.一个……的法律，这里用不定式toprotect作law的后置定语。故答案为：protect。4.当有陌生人问你关于个人信息时你必须要小心。根据提示单词可知单词为careful，形容词。再结合题干可知becareful，小心，是固定搭配，符合题意。故答案为：careful。5.为庆祝中国共产党成立100周年，我们学校计划开展一些教育活动。根据提示单词活动和题干意思，可知需要填入的是名词activity；再结合空前的some，一些，可知要改为复数形式activities。故答案为：activities。8．（1）save（2）for（3）plastic（4）more（5）and（6）amazing（7）made（8）facing（9）things（10）clean[※解析※]本文介绍的是纪录片《在大海和海岸之间》的摄制目的和海龟面临的危险，呼吁人们保护海洋，保护海龟。（1）考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，《在大海和海岸之间》是一部三集的纪录片，该片呼吁人们立即行动起来拯救海龟，使其免于绝迹。本句是savefrom句型，意思是"从…中救出；使免受"。故填动词save，构成不定式。故填save.（2）考查介词。本句是beknownfor句型，意思是"以……闻名"。句意：海龟以其漂亮和地球最古老的生物而闻名。故填for.（3）考查名词。根据语境可知句意是，然而，它们的美丽外表、塑料污染和海岸的开发已经威胁到他们的生存。plasticpollution塑料污染。故填plastic.（4）考查形容词。根据语境可知句意是，为了把这个信息传递给世界上的更多人……应填形容词more，修饰people，表示"更多的"。故填more.（5）考查连词。应填连词and，来连接两个形容词long和difficult，使其作为并列定语。句意：野生动物援助组织大使埃迪开始了一次漫长而艰难的冒险，来了解海龟在全世界面临的很多问题。故填and.（6）考查形容词。应填形容词amazing，作为定语，表示"令人惊叹（惊奇）的"。句意：这是一次机会，让我了解海龟所面临的问题，也是一次机会，让我为这些令人惊奇的动物发声。故填amazing.（7）考查动词。根据句中"are…intoartworks"可知，本句是bemadeinto句型，意思是"被制作成"，即主语和动词make是动宾关系，故用被动语态。句意：龟壳的各部分和全身被制作成艺术品。故填made.（8）考查动词。根据语境可知句意是，要保持健康，海洋正面临严重挑战，本句是现在进行时，故填face的现在分词，表示"面临"。故填facing.（9）考查名词。根据语境可知句意是，埃迪请求人们从拒绝购买海龟产品和减少使用塑料制品之类的小事情做起。应填thing的复数，作为介词with的宾语，表示"事情"。故填things.（10）考查形容词。根据下文"Thisnaturalbeautyonlybelongsintheocean"可知，让海洋保持干净。这种自然之美仅仅存在于海洋中。应填形容词clean，作为宾补，表示"干净的"。故填clean.9．（1）Foodprograms.（2）TheytravelaroundJapantofinddeliciousfood.（3）Theyarebothkeenoncookingandeating.（4）①with；②cooking；③left（5）他们做的海鲜和我们不一样，但他们做的菜看起来很好吃。（6）Chineseflavorsgiveherthefeelingofbeingathomesafely.Iunderstand"Chineseflavor"inthisway：forthoseyoungChinesefarawayfromhome，ChineseflavorisagoodcompanionforthoseyoungChinesefarawayfromhomewhentheyarehomesick，becauseChinesepeoplearekeenoncookingandeating.[※解析※]文章讲了年轻人喜欢观看许多在线美食节目。美丽的图片，美味的食物，烹饪的特殊技能和著名的明星——所有这些都可以使美食节目成为中国年轻人的完美伴侣，即使他们远离家乡。（1）细节理解题。根据Liu，a19﹣year﹣oldstudentstudyinginBeijing，isoneofthem.Afoodieandavideolover，sheishappytoeatwhilewatchingfoodprogramsonhersmar