天津市高一下学期期末英语试卷附参考答案与解析

第第页天津市高一下学期期末英语试卷(附参考答案与解析）（满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．—Amanwasfoundinafieldinhispajamas(睡衣)lateatnight.—Hemighthavetakenhisdogoutforawalk.A．Ihaveanexplanation. B．Youmustbekiddingme.C．Mindyourownbusiness. D．It’snotmysecrettotell.2．Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience,______ifyouaretravellingathighspeed.A．especially B．strangely C．gradually D．eventually3．TheIndianOceantsunamiattheendof2004isbelieved________morethan160,000peopleandmademillionshomeless,________itperhapsthemostdestroyingtsunamiinhistory.A．tokill;making B．tohavekilled;makingC．havingkilled;tomake D．killing;made4．Iamthankfultohimforthatadvice,________Ioweallmysuccess.A．towhich B．towhom C．towhat D．tothat5．Shehasbeenawardedwithmanyprizesin________ofherservicestosociety.A．memory B．recognition C．expression D．charge6．Amongthecountrieslistedinthe2021WorldHappinessReport,thoseatthebottomweremainlyunderdevelopedcountries______issuessuchaspoliticalconflictshavebeenwidespreadinrecentyears.A．that B．where C．what D．when7．Someinsects_______thecolouroftheirsurroundingtoprotectthemselves.A．takenin B．takeoff C．takeon D．takeout8．—CanyoulendmethebookGonewiththeWind?—Sorry.Ireturnedittothelibraryjustnow.Maybeitisstill____.A．available B．affordable C．acceptable D．valuable9．______thecold,thinairandlowoxygenlevelsalsocancausemountainsickness.A．Onbehalfof B．Apartfrom C．Intermsof D．Exceptfor10．Overthepast3years,morethanonebookaboutspaceexploration________allovertheworld.A．werepublished B．waspublishedC．havebeenpublished D．hasbeenpublished二、完形填空Nomatterwhatlifethrowsourway,havingapositiveattitudemakesroomforthefuture.Let’sreadHerveyBayteenagerMarkFarrell’s11story.Attheageof14,hetookadiveintoaswimmingpool,whichwould12hislifeforever.“Ijumpedintothepoolandbrokemy13,”hesays.“It’saveryunusualstorybecauseIjumpedintothedeepend,nottheshallowendwheremostspinal(脊柱的)injuries14.”Markhasbeeninawheelchaireversinceandnow,at27,isverycalmaboutany15lifemightthrowathim.Infact,hefindsit16tonameanychallenge.“Ijustlivemylifeandit’s17daybyday,”hesays.Forthepastfewyears,MarkhasworkedwiththeSpinalEducationAwarenessTeam(SEAT)whoseaimisto18studentstopreventspinalinjuries,tellinghis19toyoungpeopleintheHerveyBayregion.“IfIcan20onekid’slife,itmakesmy21worthwhile,”hesays.Markstressestheimportanceofcheckingthe22ofwaterbeforedivinginandbeingmore23ingeneral.Hesaysthatifhistalkscanpreventonespinalinjuryinayoungperson,he’s24.Mark’scontributiontopreventingspinalinjurieswas25in2017,whenhewasnamedYoungAustralianoftheYear.11．A．exciting B．inspiring C．boring D．worrying12．A．start B．benefit C．change D．track13．A．neck B．hands C．arms D．feet14．A．appear B．recover C．happen D．last15．A．competition B．challenge C．successD．responsibility16．A．necessary B．beneficial C．believe D．take17．A．rate B．hard C．equal D．important18．A．beg B．allow C．force D．educate19．A．story B．plan C．doubt D．hobby20．A．risk B．control C．save D．forgive21．A．effort B．summary C．factor D．praise22．A．width B．depth C．length D．height23．A．nervous B．anxious C．cautious D．patient24．A．outgoing B．suitable C．confident D．delighted25．A．exchanged B．recognized C．stopped D．limited三、阅读理解GETYOURDEGREEATHOMEHaveyoueverwonderedwhataDegreemightbeworthtoyouinyourjoborcareer?ItmeansalotofAmericanswithanAssociateDegreeaveragenearly$10,000moreinyearlyearningthanthosewithjustaHighSchoolDiploma.HarcourtLearningDirectoffersyouawaytogetaSpecializedAssociateDegreein11oftoday’sgrowingfields—withouthavingtogotocollegefulltime.WithHarcourt,youstudyathome,inyoursparetime—soyoudon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone.ChoosefromexcitingmajorslikeBusinessManagement,Accounting,Dressmaking&Design,Bookkeeping,Photography,ComputerScience,Engineering,andmore!Yourtrainingincludeseverythingyouneed!Books,lessons,learningaids—evenprofessional—qualitytoolsandequipment—everythingyouneedtomasteryourtrainingandmoreaheadtoanewcareerisincludedinthelowtuitionpriceyoupay.Youreducationisnationallyrecognized!Nearly2,000Americancompanies—includingGeneralElectric,IBM,Mobile,GeneralMotors,Ford,andmanyothers—haveusedourtrainingfortheiremployees.Ifcompaniesliketheserecognizethevalueofourtraining,youcanbesurethatemployeesinyourareawill,too!Earnyourdegreeinaslittleastwoyears!Getacareerdiplomainjustsixmonths.Thecareerofyourdreamsiscloserthanyouthink!Evenifyouhavenoexperiencebefore,youcangetvaluablejobskillsintoday’shottestfields!Step-by-steplessonsmakelearningeasy.Prepareforpromotions,payraises,evenstartabusinessofyourown!SendtodayforFREEinformationaboutHarcourtathometraining!Simplyfillinyournameandaddressonthecouponabove.Thenwriteinthenameandnumberoftheoneprogramyou’remostinterestedin,andmailittoday.We’llrushyourfreeinformationabouthowyoucantakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesinthefieldyou’vechosen.Acttoday!Mailcoupontoday!Orcallthenumberbelow1-800-372-1589Callanytime,24hoursaday,7daysaweek****Harcourt-learning****E-mail:Harcourt*learning****26．Thisadvertisementaimsatcallingonpeopleto________.A．attendfull-timeuniversities B．workparttimetofurthertheireducationC．improvetheireducationathometogetbetterjobs D．earntheirdegreesindifferentwaysthatsuitthem27．WhichofthefollowingisNOTclearlymentionedinthisadvertisement?A．Thewayhowyouwillgetyourdegree. B．Tuitionprice.C．Thehotfieldsyouwillbepreparingyourselffor. D．Thelengthoftimeitwilltakeyoutogetadegree.28．WhatdoesthewriterofthisadintendtosaybynamingGeneralElectric,IBM,Ford,etc.?A．Toshowthattheirtrainingiswidelyusedinthecountry.B．ToshowthatthetrainingprogramisfullysupportedbyfamouscompaniesintheUS.C．Toprovethevalueoftheirtrainingineveryarea.D．Toshowtheimportanceofgettingrecognizedbythemostfamouscompanies.29．Itseemstothewriterthatthegreatestattractionforpeopletotaketheirtrainingis________.A．itsconvenience B．thedegree’snationwiderecognitionC．theeconomicbenefititwillbringabout D．thelowesttuitionpricepeoplewillpay30．HowmanywaysarementionedintheadforpeopletogetintouchwiththeHarcourtLearningDirect?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.ItmaysoundliketheplotofaDisneymovie,butTodd,afox,reallydoesthinkhe’sadog.Theanimalwastamedafterbeingrescuedasa4-month-oldcub(幼崽)andwasraisedasapetbyownerEmmaD’Sylva.Sincethenthelovablefoxhaspickedupanumberofdogcharacteristicssuchastailwagging(摇尾巴),playingwithtoysandevenwalkingonalead.The11-month-oldanimalaccompaniesEmma’spetsSkyandOakleyonwalks,drawingdoubleattentionfromotherdog-walkerswhentheyseeToddmovingquicklythroughthelocalparkwithSkyandOakley.Theythoughtasafox,hehastoomanydogcharacteristics.Healsosleepsinakennel(狗窝),playswiththeotherdogsandevenwagshistailduringitsfeedingtime.“I’vehadToddsincehewasabout4monthsoldbecausehispreviousownerscouldn’tlookafterhimanymore.Hewasabitcrazywhenhefirstcametomelastyear,butnowhehasareallystrongbondwithme.HewillrunuptomewagginghistailwhenIgotofeedhim.”Emma,25,fromStanfield,said.“Sometimeshecomesintomyroom,butheprefersbeingoutside.Hegetsonwellwithmytwodogs,andwantstoplaywiththemallthetime.Ifpeopleordogscomeuptohiminthepark,hewillliedownatfirstandfreezebutafterafewsecondshewillsniff(嗅)aroundthedogsorsitpatiently.”Emmatakessomeofher40petsintoschoolsandcarehomestoenablechildrenandtheelderlytointeractwitharangeofanimals.Emma’shusband,SteveJohnson,added,“Toddwentoutonhisfirstschoolvisittheotherweekandthechildrenreallyenjoyedplayingwithhim.”31．Theauthormentions“liketheplotofaDisneymovie”inParagraph1to________.A．attractreaderstoknowmoreaboutToddB．introduceaDisneymovie’sactorC．inspirepeopletotreatfoxesmorefriendlyD．sharehisfavoritemoviewithreaders32．Toddcatchesmoreattentionthandogsbecause________.A．he’sconsiderateandwarmhearted B．he’ssuccessfulandpatientC．heactslikeadoginsteadofafox D．hegetsalongwellwithdogs33．WhatcanbeinferredaboutToddfromParagraph3?A．Heisveryaggressiveinpublic. B．Hemisseshispreviousowners.C．HeusedtosleepinEmma’sroom. D．HeleadsahappylifeatEmma’shome.34．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．SteveJohnsonandEmmarunapethome. B．Toddenjoyedplayingwithotherpets.C．Emmaisanexpertinraisingarangeofpets. D．Toddwaswelcomedbychildrenintheschool.35．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Howtoraisedogsandfoxes B．Alovelydog-likefoxC．Emmaandherpets D．TobeagoodperownerFromapp-connectedsaltshakerstovoice-controlledmicrowaves.itseemsnopartofthekitchenhasavoidedbeinggivenahigh-techmakeover(改头换面).Now,aspartofaMicrosoft-fundedproject,researchersintheUSandChinahavedevelopedasmarttablecloth.The“Capacitivo”worksbyinsertinganelectrodegrid(电极网格)intothefabric(纤维)thatcanidentifytheshapeandcompositionofagivenobject.Thefabricsystemrecognizesobjectsbasedonshiftsintheelectricalcharge(电荷)ofitselectrodescausedbychangesinanobject’selectricalfield.Thedifferenceinchargecanrelatetothetypeofmaterial,sizeoftheobjectandshapeofthecontactarea.“Itusesthebasicprincipleofatouchscreenthatdetectsyourfinger,”explainedMicrosoftresearcherTeddySeyed.Thetableclothcandeterminewhatobjectisonthefabric.Forinstance,itwouldbeabletoidentifyifyouhaveplacedapotatoonatable.Itcouldthenpassthatinformationtoaconnectedapp,whichwouldanalyseitsdatabasetoshowrecipesthatusetheseingredients.Microsoftsaidthefabric,createdwiththehelpofDartmouthCollegeandWuhanUniversity,couldalsosenseifanobject,suchasasetofkeys,hasbeenmisplacedonatable.“Besides,oursystemcansensethechangeofwhatisinsideacontainer.”Teddyadded.Forexample,atableclothcandetectwhetherthesoilofatableplantiswetordry,enablingthesystemtoremindtheusertowatertheplant.“Thisisaveryimpressivedevelopment,”saidMonicaCraciun,aprofessorinNanoscienceandNanotechnologyattheUniversityofExeter.“Otherfabricsalreadyavailableneedinputwhichiscarriedoutbytheuserperforminganaction,suchastouchingthefabric.”However,thetechnologystillneedsimproving.Itcan’trecognisemetallicobjects,performspoorlyonobjectswithsquareedges,suchasbooks,andhastroubleidentifyingthedifferencebetweendifferenttypesofliquid.Microsoftsaiditcouldbefivetotenyearsbeforethetableclothisavailableforthemarket.36．WhyApp-connectedsaltshakersandvoice-controlledmicrowavesarementionedinParagraph1?A．Leadintothetopicofasmarttablecloth.B．Encouragepeopletopurchasehigh-techproducts.C．GiveasimpleintroductiontoMicrosoft-fundedproject.D．Stressthepossibilityofmakingoverakitchen.37．Whatmakestheinventionofthesmarttableclothpossible?A．Compositionvariesfromobjecttoobject.B．Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C．Electrodescanpassinformationtoeachother.D．Differentobjectscausedifferentchangesintheelectricalcharge.38．Whatcanthe“Capacitivo”do?A．Connecttoothersmartproductsinthekitchen.B．Suggestmealsbasedontheingredientsonit.C．Distinguishbetweendifferenttypesofliquid.D．Detectnutrientsinthesoilofatableplant.39．Whatadvantagedoesthe“Capacitivo”haveoverotherfabrics?A．Itcanrecogniseawiderrangeofobjects.B．Itcanidentifyobjectsmoreaccurately.C．Itdoesn’trequireactionsfromusers.D．Itwon’tbedamagedafterwashing.40．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thelimitationsofthesmarttablecloth.B．Theclassificationofthesmarttablecloth.C．Thecharacteristicsofthesmarttablecloth.D．Thetrendofmarketingthesmarttablecloth.Foralongtime,comedyhasbeenperceivedasaprofessionformenonly.Butthishaschangedinrecentyears.Manyfemalecomicshavemadetheirmarkonthestagenotbyignoringtheissuesofgenderinequality,butbybringingthemtolight.YangLi,28,isoneofthem.Yanghasdonestand-upcomedyforaboutthreeyearsandoftenfocusesonthedifficultiesfemalesface.Forexample,sherecentlymadeheadlineswithabitingjokeabouthowwomenareportrayedintheMarvelCinematicUniverse.“InTheAvengers(《复仇者联盟》),therearesixheroes,andonlyoneofthemisawoman,”shesaidduringaJulyepisodeofRock&Roast(《脱口秀大会》).YangwasreferringtoBlackWidow,whosesuperpoweristheabilitytoslowdownheraging.Howexactlyisshesupposedtosavetheworldbysurvivinguntilallthebadguysdie?”“WhatIsaidisnotonlyajoke,butalsosomethingfemalecomicsarefacing,aswellaswomeningeneral.”YangtoldJiemianNews.ChinesecomictwinsYanYiandYanYueechoedthissentiment(观点).Theyoncejokedthat“theonlymoviethatdoesn’tdepicttwowomenfightingwitheachotheroveramanisTheShining(《闪灵》)(aniconichorrormoviefromtheUS)”.Despitegettingmoreprominentroles,however,womenstillfacechallengesinthecomedyindustry,accordingtoSixthTone,apublicationbasedinShanghai.“I’vefoundthataudiencestendtobemorejudgmentalaboutafemalecomedian’sappearance,”YangMengqi,whomadethetop30onRock&Roast,said.Toavoidunwelcomeattention,femalecomicshavetobeespeciallyprudent(精明的)inchoosingwhatclothestheyweartoperform.Theotherchallengeisthatfemalesaresometimestakenlessseriously,despiteabundantevidenceoftheirtalentandcommitmentinthemale-dominatedfield.MapleZuoisacomicwhoperformsinbothEnglishandMandarin.“It’shardtofitinwhenI’mtheonlyfemalecomedian(atashow),”saidZuo,whohastouredinternationally.“Everytimethere’sacomedysceneparty,theyalwaysspontaneously(自然而然地)divideupintotwogroups:oneforthemalecomics,anotherfortheirgirlfriends,shesaid.“Ialwaysenduphangingoutwiththegirlfriends.”Evenso,manyChinesefemalecomicsfeeloptimisticabouttheirfuture.YangtoldSixthTone,“Whenpeopleaskwhathasmotivatedmetostickwithstand-upcomedy,myresponseissimple:IhopetousewhateverinfluenceIhavetoimprovegenderequality.”41．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?A．Toexplorechallengesfemalecomicsface.B．Toexplainwhatcontributestofemalecomics’success.C．Toinformusofthedevelopmentofthecomedyindustry.D．Todescribehowtherolesoffemalecomicshavechanged.42．WhydidYangLijokeabouttheroleofBlackWidowinTheAvengers?A．BlackWidowislessbravethanothermaleheroes.B．SheadmiredBlackWidow’sabilitytoageslowly.C．ShedoubtedBlackWidow’sabilitytosurvive.D．BlackWidowreflectsnegativestereotypesaboutwomeninsociety.43．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“echoed”inparagraph5probablymean?A．questioned B．repeated C．announced D．ignored44．UsingtheexampleofMapleZuo,theauthorintendsto______.A．showfemalecomicsawaytofightculturalstereotypesB．describewhyfemalecomicshavetomindwhattheywearC．illustratethatfemalecomicsareoftenleftoutbymalecomicsD．explainwhatittakesforfemalecomicstosucceed45．WhatisYangLi’sattitudetowardthefutureoffemalecomics?A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Unconcerned. D．Confused.四、根据汉语意思填写单词46．Becauseofthe______(灵活的)workinghours,Idecidedtochooseajobinthatcompany.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)47．______(可持续的)developmentisthecommontargetofhumanbeings.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)五、根据首字母填写单词48．TheSiberiantigerhasbecomeanendangereds______duetothedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitat.（根据首字母单词拼写）49．Therearestoriesabouthisg______,themassiveamountsofmoneyhegavetocharities.（根据首字母单词拼写）50．Unfortunately,thewholebuildingwascompletelyd________inthefire.六、根据所给汉语提示填空51．Filledwithanger,he______(往往)saywhatevercomestohismind.(根据汉语提示完成句子)52．Yourinterest,valuesandskillsshould______(考虑在内)whenchoosingajob.（根据汉语提示完成句子）53．______(浏览，翻看)theoldphotos,Ilostinthesweetmemoryinmychildhood.（根据汉语提示完成句子）54．ThehorribleopeningsceneofJaws______(留下深刻印象)everyone,whichmisledthepublictobelievesharksoftenattackedhumans.（根据汉语提示完成句子）55．ItissaidthatNewtonwasinspiredbyafallingapple______(打中他的头).(根据汉语提示完成句子)七、其他应用文56．假如你是李华，你校外教John准备周末去附近的盘山探险旅游，写信向你询问注意事项。请你根据下列提示，给他回一封邮件。1.简单介绍一下盘山；2.提醒他应做的准备（如：地图、衣物、食品、查询天气预报等）；3.希望他注意安全，享受探险的乐趣。注意：1.词数不少于100；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJohn,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案与解析1．A【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——深夜，一个穿着睡衣的男人在田野里被发现。——我可以解释。他可能带他的狗出去散步了。A.Ihaveanexplanation.我可以解释；B.Youmustbekiddingme.你一定是在开玩笑；C.Mindyourownbusiness.自管自吧；D.It’snotmysecrettotell.不关我的事。根据后文“Hemighthavetakenhisdogoutforawalk.”可知，此处在解释穿着睡衣的男人在田野里被发现的原因。故选A。2．A【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然停车可能是一种非常可怕的经历，特别是如果你在高速行驶。A.especially尤其地；B.strangely奇怪地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.eventually最终地。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语。表示“尤其地”。用especially。故选A。3．B【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2004年底的印度洋海啸据信造成超过16万人死亡，数百万人无家可归，这可能是历史上最具破坏性的海啸。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词isbelieved，此处是一个简单句，故两个设空处均用非谓语动词形式；第一空位于谓语动词isbelieved后，整个短语作主语补足语，与逻辑主语theIndianOceantsunami之间为主动关系，且动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，应用tohavedone结构；第二空与逻辑主语theIndianOceantsunami之间为主动关系，整个短语在句中作状语，应用现在分词doing。故选B项。4．A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我感谢他的忠告，我所有的成功都归功于它。分析句子可知，此处为介词+关系代词结构，引导的定语从句，因满足从句中owe…to…“把……归功于……”固定搭配，满足句意可知，此处为介词to前置，先行词advice在从句中作to的宾语。故选A项。5．B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被授予许多奖项以表彰她对社会的贡献。A.memory记忆；B.recognition认可；C.expression表达；D.charge掌管。根据后文“ofherservicestosociety”可知为短语inrecognitionof，表示“表彰”，故选B。6．B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在《2021年世界幸福报告》中列出的国家中，垫底的国家主要是近年来政治冲突等问题普遍存在的欠发达国家。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，此时先行词countries，引导词在从句中作地点状语。故选B。7．C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些昆虫呈现出环境的颜色来保护他们自己。A.takenin吸收，理解，欺骗；B.takeoff脱掉，起飞，成功；C.takeon雇佣，承担，呈现；D.takeout取出。根据空后thecolouroftheirsurroundingtoprotectthemselves可知，一些昆虫呈现出环境的颜色来保护他们自己。故选C。8．A【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：—你能把《飘》借给我吗？—对不起。我刚刚还给图书馆。也许现在还借得到。A.available存在的，可以得到的；B.affordable买得起的；C.acceptable可以接受的；D.valuable贵重的；结合“Ireturnedittothelibrary”可知，这本书还能借到。故选A。9．B【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了寒冷之外，稀薄的空气和低氧水平也会引起高山病。A.Onbehalfof代表；B.Apartfrom除……之外（包括）；C.Intermsof就……而言；D.Exceptfor除……之外（不包括）。除了寒冷之外，还包括稀薄的空气和低氧水平会引起高山病。故选B项。10．D【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的三年里，不止一本关于太空探索的书在世界各地出版。根据时间状语“Overthepast3years”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语morethanonebook和publish为被动关系，使用被动语态，主语为morethanonebook，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选D。11．B12．C13．A14．C15．B16．B17．D18．D19．A20．C21．A22．B23．C24．D25．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。马克跳进了深水区游泳但仍然脊柱损伤，一生坐在轮椅上。他通过讲述自己的故事提醒赫维湾地区的年轻人在潜水前检查水深的重要性，并且要更加谨慎。马克在预防脊柱损伤方面的贡献在2017年得到了认可，他被评为年度澳大利亚青年。11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们来读一下赫维湾少年马克·法雷尔的励志故事。A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.boring无聊的；D.worrying令人担忧的。根据下文“Mark’scontributiontopreventingspinalinjurieswas15in2017,whenhewasnamedYoungAustralianoftheYear.”以及全文可知，这是一个鼓舞人心的故事。故选B。12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：14岁时，他跳进了游泳池，这将永远改变他的生活。A.start开始；B.benefit受益；C.change改变；D.track追踪。根据下文““Ijumpedintothepoolandbrokemy3,”hesays.”可知，他摔断了脖子，脊椎受伤，人生发生了变化。故选C。13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我跳进泳池，摔断了脖子，”他说。A.neck脖子；B.hands手；C.arms胳膊；D.feet脚。根据下文““It’saveryunusualstorybecauseIjumpedintothedeepend,nottheshallowendwheremostspinal(脊柱的)injuries4.””可知，脊柱受伤，应是摔到了脖子。故选A。14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这是一个非常不寻常的故事，因为我跳进了深水区，而不是大多数脊椎受伤发生的浅水区。”A.appear出现；B.recover恢复；C.happen发生；D.last持续。根据本句中“It’saveryunusualstory”可知，这是一个不寻常的事，因为脊柱受伤经常发生在浅水区。故选C。15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，马克就一直坐在轮椅上，现在，27岁的他对生活可能给他带来的任何挑战都很平静。A.competition竞赛；B.challenge挑战；C.success成功；D.responsibility责任。根据本句中“Markhasbeeninawheelchaireversince”可知，他一直坐轮椅，这是生活上的挑战。故选B。16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他觉得这对任何挑战都是有益的。A.necessary必要的；B.beneficial有益的；C.believe认为；D.take带着。根据前文“Markhasbeeninawheelchaireversinceandnow,at27,isverycalmaboutany5lifemightthrowathim.”可知，他对生活可能给他带来的任何挑战都很平静，这种心态对生活是有益的。故选B。17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我只是过着我的生活，每天都很重要。”A.rate速率；B.hard艰难的；C.equal平等的；D.important重要的。根据本句“Ijustlivemylife”可知，他以平静的心态过生活，每天都很重要。故选D。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，马克一直与脊柱教育意识团队(SEAT)合作，该团队的目标是教育学生预防脊柱损伤，并向赫维湾地区的年轻人讲述他的故事。A.beg乞求；B.allow允许；C.force迫使；D.educate教育。根据本句“theSpinalEducationAwarenessTeam”可知，这个机构是教育学生预防脊柱损伤。故选D。19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，马克一直与脊柱教育意识团队(SEAT)合作，该团队的目标是教育学生预防脊柱损伤，并向赫维湾地区的年轻人讲述他的故事。A.story故事；B.plan计划；C.doubt怀疑；D.hobby爱好。根据前文““It’saveryunusualstorybecauseIjumpedintothedeepend,nottheshallowendwheremostspinal(脊柱的)injuries4.””可知，马克的故事就是关于脊柱损伤的。故选A。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果我能挽救一个孩子的生命，那我的努力就值得了，”他说。A.risk冒险；B.control控制；C.save救；D.forgive原谅。根据前文“Forthepastfewyears,MarkhasworkedwiththeSpinalEducationAwarenessTeam(SEAT)whoseaimisto8studentstopreventspinalinjuries,tellinghis9toyoungpeopleintheHerveyBayregion.”可知，马克分享自己的故事，是在努力拯救其他孩子的生命。故选C。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“如果我能挽救一个孩子的生命，那我的努力就值得了，”他说。A.effort努力；B.summary总结；C.factor因素；D.praise赞扬。根据前文“Forthepastfewyears,MarkhasworkedwiththeSpinalEducationAwarenessTeam(SEAT)whoseaimisto8studentstopreventspinalinjuries,tellinghis9toyoungpeopleintheHerveyBayregion.”可知，马克分享自己的故事，是在努力预防悲剧再次发生。故选A。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克强调了在潜水前检查水深的重要性，并且在一般情况下要更加谨慎。A.width宽度；B.depth深度；C.length长度；D.height高度。根据前文““It’saveryunusualstorybecauseIjumpedintothedeepend,nottheshallowendwheremostspinal(脊柱的)injuries4.””可知，深水区，浅水区都有可能伤到脖子，所要在潜水前检查水深。故选B。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马克强调了在潜水前检查水深的重要性，并且在一般情况下要更加谨慎。A.nervous紧张的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.patient有耐心的。根据前文““It’saveryunusualstorybecauseIjumpedintothedeepend,nottheshallowendwheremostspinal(脊柱的)injuries4.””可知，深水区，浅水区都有可能伤到脖子，所要在潜水前检查水深，并且下水时要谨慎。故选C。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，如果他的演讲可以防止一个年轻人的脊髓损伤，他很高兴。A.outgoing外向的；B.suitable合适的；C.confident自信的；D.delighted高兴的。根据本句“ifhistalkscanpreventonespinalinjuryinayoungperson”可知，如果他的演讲可以防止一个年轻人的脊髓损伤，他自然是很高兴。故选D。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马克在预防脊柱损伤方面的贡献在2017年得到了认可，他被评为年度澳大利亚青年。A.exchanged交换；B.recognized认可；C.stopped停止；D.limited限制。根据本句中“hewasnamedYoungAustralianoftheYear”可知，他得到了认可。故选B。26．C27．B28．C29．C30．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一则业余培训班的招生广告。26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“WithHarcourt,youstudyathome,inyoursparetime—soyoudon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone.(有了Harcourt，你可以在家里利用业余时间学习，这样你就不必在为更好的工作而训练的同时放弃现在的工作。)”可知，这个广告旨在号召人们在家里提高他们的教育，找到更好的工作，故选C。27．细节理解题。根据Yourtrainingincludeseverythingyouneed!部分的“Books,lessons,learningaids—evenprofessional—qualitytoolsandequipment—everythingyouneedtomasteryourtrainingandmoreaheadtoanewcareerisincludedinthelowtuitionpriceyoupay.(书籍、课程、学习辅助工具，甚至是专业质量的工具和设备，你所需要的一切都包括在你支付的低廉学费中)”可知，文章中提到学费低，但没说具体多少学费，故选B。28．推理判断题。根据Youreducationisnationallyrecognized!部分第一段的“Nearly2,000Americancompanies—includingGeneralElectric,IBM,Mobile,GeneralMotors,Ford,andmanyothers—haveusedourtrainingfortheiremployees.Ifcompaniesliketheserecognizethevalueofourtraining,youcanbesurethatemployeesinyourareawill,too!(将近2000家美国公司——包括通用电气、IBM、移动、通用汽车、福特和许多其他公司——已经在他们的员工中使用了我们的培训。如果像这样的公司认识到我们培训的价值，你可以肯定你所在领域的员工也会认识到！)”可知，这则广告的作者点名通用电气、IBM、福特等公司是为了证明他们在各个领域的训练的价值。故选C。29．推理判断题。根据第一段“HaveyoueverwonderedwhataDegreemightbeworthtoyouinyourjoborcareer?ItmeansalotofAmericanswithanAssociateDegreeaveragenearly$10,000moreinyearlyearningthanthosewithjustaHighSchoolDiploma.(你有没有想过学位对你的工作或职业有什么价值？这意味着许多拥有副学士学位的美国人的年平均收入比那些只有高中文凭的人多出近1万美)”和Youreducationisnationallyrecognized!部分第三段“Prepareforpromotions,payraises,evenstartabusinessofyourown!(准备好升职、加薪，甚至自己创业吧！)”可推知，在作者看来，对人们进行培训的最大吸引力是它将带来的经济效益，故选C。30．细节理解题。根据倒数第五段的“Simplyfillinyournameandaddressonthecouponabove.Thenwriteinthenameandnumberoftheoneprogramyou’remostinterestedin,andmailittoday.(只需在上面的优惠券上填写您的姓名和地址。然后写上你最感兴趣的课程的名称和编号，今天就寄出去。)”，倒数第四段的“Orcallthenumberbelow(拨打以下电话)”，“****Harcourt-learning****”和“E-mail:Harcourt*learning****(电子邮箱：Harcourt*learning****)”可知，广告中提到了四种和HarcourtLearningDirect联系的方法，故选D。31．A32．C33．D34．D35．B【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了狐狸托德，他被人抚养长大，和狗生活在一起，具有狗的特点。31．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“ItmaysoundliketheplotofaDisneymovie,butTodd,afox,reallydoesthinkhe’sadog.”（这听起来可能像迪斯尼电影的情节，但狐狸托德真的认为自己是条狗。）和“Sincethenthelovablefoxhaspickedupanumberofdogcharacteristicssuchastailwagging(摇尾巴),playingwithtoysandevenwalkingonalead.”（从那时起，可爱的狐狸已经学会了一些狗的特点，如摇尾巴，玩玩具，甚至是被人用绳子牵着散步。）可知，作者在第一段提到“像迪斯尼电影的情节”，接下来介绍了一只被人抚养大的，具有狗的特点的狐狸托德，这种情况一般只在电影中出现，由此可知，作者在第一段提到“像迪斯尼电影的情节”是为了吸引读者更多地了解托德。故选A项。32．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The11-month-oldanimalaccompaniesEmma’spetsSkyandOakleyonwalks,drawingdoubleattentionfromotherdog-walkerswhentheyseeToddmovingquicklythroughthelocalparkwithSkyandOakley.Theythoughtasafox,hehastoomanydogcharacteristics.”（这只11个月大的动物陪着爱玛的宠物Sky和Oakley散步，当其他遛狗者看到Todd、Sky和Oakley快速穿过当地的公园时，他们会加倍注意。他们认为作为一只狐狸，他有太多狗的特点。）可知，托德吸引了其他遛狗者的加倍注意，因为其他遛狗者认为作为一只狐狸，托德有太多的狗的特点，由此可知，托德比狗更受关注，因为他表现得像狗而不是狐狸。故选C项。33．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Hewasabitcrazywhenhefirstcametomelastyear,butnowhehasareallystrongbondwithme.HewillrunuptomewagginghistailwhenIgotofeedhim.”Emma,25,fromStanfield,said.”（去年他第一次来我这里的时候有点疯狂，但现在他和我的关系真的很牢固。我去喂他时，他会摇着尾巴跑到我跟前。”来自斯坦菲尔德的25岁的艾玛说。）可知，托德很喜欢住在艾玛家里，他和艾玛相处的很融洽，由此可推断出，托德在艾玛家过着幸福的生活。故选D项。34．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Emma’shusband,SteveJohnson,added,“Toddwentoutonhisfirstschoolvisittheotherweekandthechildrenreallyenjoyedplayingwithhim.””（艾玛的丈夫史蒂夫·约翰逊补充道：“托德前几周第一次去学校拜访，孩子们真的很喜欢和他一起玩。”）可知，学校的孩子们真的很喜欢和托德一起玩，由此可推断出，托德受到了学校里孩子们的欢迎。故选D项。35．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段