专升本英语-状语从句课件

状语从句状语从句定义状语时用来修饰

动词，形容词，副词或句子的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。定义状语时用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句01时间状语从句01时间状语从句时间状语从句when的用法小结：

when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续性动词，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词(非延续性)。意为：当…的时候

WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseashore.

Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.时间状语从句when的用法小结：时间状语从句2.when可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于atthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：(刚要…这时突然…) sb.wasdoingsomethingwasabouttodosth +

when…

wasonthepointofdoingsth.

hadjustdonesthIwas

walkingalongthestreet

whenImethim.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein时间状语从句2.when可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时间状语从句3.when还有一些较为灵活的翻译：

尽管；虽然；鉴于；如果；届时

Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?

He

walks

when

he

might

take

a

taxi.

Mary

will

visit

this

city

in

June,

when

she

will

open

a

new

hospital.时间状语从句3.when还有一些较为灵活的翻译：时间状语从句while用法小结：while引导的动作必须是持续性的或进行中的，在……期间，往往指一段时间Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.2.

while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.时间状语从句while用法小结：时间状语从句while的不同含义：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.Whilethereislifethereishope.while

=

whenwhile

=

butwhile

=

althoughwhile

=

as

long

as时间状语从句while的不同含义：while=when时间状语从句as用法：as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当……”，“一边……一边……”，“随着……”等意思。

Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.as表示“随着…”，常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。

Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.时间状语从句as用法：时间状语从句when,

while,

as

用法区别while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.时间状语从句when,while,as用法区别时间状语从句表示“随着……”，连词用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when,while与as可互换使用。When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.时间状语从句表示“随着……”，连词用as，不用when或wh时间状语从句4.

从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.时间状语从句4.从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用whe时间状语从句before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.句型Itwillbe/was＋一段时间＋before…“还要过多久才……”句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段时间＋before…“不多久就……”Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.时间状语从句before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之时间状语从句since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Itis/It

hasbeen+时间段+since从句“自从……有多长时间了”It

is/Ithasbeen

sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.翻译：他不吸烟有五年时间了。时间状语从句since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”时间状语从句till,

until和not…until…的用法until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。

Wewaitedtill/untilhecame.用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”

Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.时间状语从句till,until和not…until…时间状语从句3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。

UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：强调句:ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.倒装句(not…until…放句首时，主句要倒装）：

NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.时间状语从句3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。时间状语从句名词短语引导的时间状语从句：themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引导时间状语从句。Tom

ran

away

the

moment

he

saw

his

father

coming

along.Every

time

he

came,

he

would

bring

us

a

lot

of

flowers.时间状语从句名词短语引导的时间状语从句：时间状语从句nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。I

had

no

sooner

reached

home

than

it

began

to

rain.No

sooner

had

I

reached

home

than

it

began

to

rain.时间状语从句nosooner…than…,hard时间状语从句1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.after

C.incase

D.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?A.when

B.untilC.beforeD.sinceDC时间状语从句1.Iwassofamiliarwit时间状语从句3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.With

B.Since

C.As

D.While4.It

will

be

a

long

time

Peter

his

work.

A.

since;

has

finished B.

after;

finishes

C.

when;

will

finish D.

before;

finishesCD时间状语从句3.______thedaywento时间状语从句5.Wewerejust

callingyouup

youcamein.about;when B.onthepointof;whileC.onthepointof;when D.onthepointof;as6.Babiessleep16to18hoursinevery24hours,andtheysleepless

theygrowolder. A.while B.as C.when D.afterCB时间状语从句5.Wewerejust02地点状语从句02地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句用连接副词where，wherever(在任何地方)，everywhere（在每个地方）

引导。We

must

camp

where

we

can

get

water.You

can

sit

wherever

you

like.She

follows

me

everywhere

I

go.地点状语从句地点状语从句用连接副词where，wherev03原因状语从句03原因状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,as,since,nowthat,for,和consideringthat(顾及到),seeingthat(由于)这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原原因状语从句because,since,as,for的区别:1.

because

-直接原因，非推断，语气最强，回答why的问题。—Why

did

you

go

home

early?

—

Because

I

was

tired.2.

as和since–通常放句首，一般用来表示明显的、已知的原因，译为“因为…；既然…;

”。As

he

has

no

car,

he

can’t

get

there

easily.Since

we

have

no

money,

we

can’t

buy

it.原因状语从句because,since,as,for的原因状语从句because,since,as,for的区别:3.

for–放句中，补充说明，常用于推断。I

decided

to

stop

and

have

lunch,

for

I

was

feeling

quite

hungry.原因状语从句because,since,as,for的原因状语从句1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_________Ilikedit.2.________hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.3.__________everybodyknowaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.4.Hemustbeill,____heisabsenttoday.becauseAs/SinceAs/Sincefor原因状语从句1.Idancedinfrontof04目的状语从句04目的状语从句目的状语从句so

that既可以引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，一般用于主句后，有时可分开，so有时可省略;从句中要有情态动词引导结果状语从句时，句中无情态动词区分：Speak

clearly

so

that

they

may

understand

you.

He

got

on

the

train

late

so

that

he

found

all

the

seats

occupied.目的状语从句sothat既可以引导目的状语从句，又可引导结目的状语从句in

order

that:用于正式文体中，从句可位于主句前或后。和in

order

to的区别：inorderto后面接动词，是简单句。inorderthat后面加的是状语从句。He

came

back

early

in

order

that

he

could

attend

the

meeting.Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompleteplan.目的状语从句inorderthat:用于正式文体中，从目的状语从句Ithinkthatyouhadbettergetupearlier_______youcangettoclassontime.

A.inorder

B.sothat

C.suchthat

D.that_____understandhowthehumanbodyworks,youneedtohavesomeknowledgeofchemistry.

A.Inorderto

B.Soasto

C.Inorderthat

D.Sothat

Iwroteitdown_____Iforget.

A.incaseof

B.incase

C.asif

D.inorderthatBAB目的状语从句Ithinkthatyouhadbet05结果状语从句05结果状语从句结果状语从句so…that…

(如此…以至于…)，so后面应用形容词或副词,有时省略so只用thatMike

is

so

honest

a

man

that

we

all

believe

him.such…that…(如此…以至于…),用法与so…that相同，但such后面应修饰名词。P.169

so,

such结构He

made

such

an

inspiring

speech

that

everybody

got

so

excited.结果状语从句so…that…(如此…以至于…)，so结果状语从句so

that（结果是，以致），引导结果状语从句时，句中无情态动词He

spoke

clearly,

so

that

everybody

understood

him.结果状语从句sothat（结果是，以致），引导结果状语从句结果状语从句The

teacher

told

us

funny

story

we

all

laughed.such

a;

that

B.

such,

that

C.

so

a,

that

D.

so,

that2.

OurPEteacherwalks____wecan'tcatchupwithhim. A.soquickthat B.tooquicklythat C.soquicklythat D.tooquicklythat

3.

The

workers

work

hard

they

don’t

have

a

day

off

even

on

the

weekend.

A.

too;

that

B.

such;

that

C.

so;

that

D.

as;

thatACC结果状语从句Theteachertoldus06条件状语从句06条件状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)等。条件状语从句条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情条件状语从句Unless：如果不,除非=

ifnotWecan’tgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight.=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedon’tbooktheearliestflight.条件状语从句Unless：如果不,除非=ifnot条件状语从句providedthat：

如果，有时省略thatTheplanewillbeingoodconditionprovided(that)itistakencareofcarefully.Youcanbecomeascientistprovided(that)youareingoodshapeandyouhavegotthepropereducation.条件状语从句providedthat：如果，有时省略t条件状语从句onconditionthat：条件是…Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthat

nooneaskedhimtospeak.ThemotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest.条件状语从句onconditionthat：条件是…条件状语从句条件句的时态，常见的有一下两种情况：主将从现：书上P4

When

I

grow

up,

I

will

be

a

nurse

and

look

after

patients.

If

I

have

time,

I